DE202011107837U1 - Dismountable hand tools with removable spherical bearings - Google Patents

Abstract

Dismountable hand tool with displaceable joint storage locations - in particular also a cutting hand tool (1) with special consideration of the manageability with hard and / or strong or thick workpieces or materials to be cut with special consideration of food hygiene with two trades forming in one axis of rotation (29) arranged tool legs (2, 4), both tool legs forming cutting areas (23, 43) cooperating on one side of the trade and having leg tips (27, 49) and having grip areas (21, 41) on the side of the trade facing away from the cutting area, and A tool leg (2), as a trade which forms the axis of rotation and the joint bearing location, has a lifting nail (24), characterized in that in a further tool leg (4) which does not have a lifting nail (24) - that is to say lifting-nailless - more than one lifting nail hole (44, 46 , 51) is arranged.

Description

The invention relates to a collapsible hand tool with displaceable spherical bearings - in particular a cutting hand tool with special consideration of the handling of hard and / or strong or thick to be cut workpieces or materials. Particular consideration must be given to food hygiene in the design.

According to the prior art, a variety of collapsible hand tools and their mechanics are known. Scissors are used for cutting off, cutting off, notching, punching or spreading material. Especially with hard materials, great hand and arm forces have to be applied; the same applies to thick or thick workpieces. The decisive factor here is the lever ratio between the force-introducing handles and the force-acting cutting edges of the tool. To improve the force application, double lever and ratchet lever tools are used.

Double lever cutter require large opening widths of the handles, so that only arm operated tools are useful - such. As pruning shears or wire cutter.

Ratchet cutters require longer cutting times, have unstable cutting blades and are inaccurate to handle.

Another feature to be considered in the design with regard to the handling are the relative opening widths of the tool jaw and the tool leg / handles. While the opening width of the tool jaw must correspond to the intended use of the tool, the opening width of the tool leg is determined by the handling as a tool for manual force or for arm power.

The expression of the cutting tool - such. B. as an anvil tool or as a by-pass tool - is not important at first. When using handle lever hand-operated scissors, the user usually has to spend considerable forces when thicker materials are to be cut. In addition to simple scissors constructions, in which the cutting edges are rigidly connected to the handle levers, embodiments are also known in which one or both cutting edges are connected to scissor arms articulated with the handle levers and an improvement in the cutting behavior is sought through other joints, lever arrangements or toothed gear.

A peculiarity distinguishes the poultry shears; In addition to the cutting process, a bone crusher is required for carving the poultry. The hand tool is to be designed accordingly; Here are large cutting forces and wide cutting edge angle to realize human-manageable grip widths. As a hand tool in dealing with food, the device must also be easy to clean; Because of possible nucleation, there must be no hidden or poorly accessible food leftovers.

• 1. Schneidefunktion
• 2. Knochenbrechfunktion
• 3. Zerlegefunktion
• 4. Verfahrfunktion
• 5. Federfunktion
• 6. Verriegelungsfunktion
• 7. Reinigungsfunktion
• 8. Bedienfunktion
• 9. Herstellfunktion.

After the task has been analyzed, the following functional blocks to be treated, which influence the design of the hand tool, are formed

• 1. Cutting function
• 2. Bone breaking function
• 3. Disassembly function
• 4. Traversing function
• 5. Spring function
• 6. Locking function
• 7. Cleaning function
• 8. Operating function
• 9. Manufacturing function.

• – Gelenkausführung – aufgelegtes oder durchgestecktes Gewerbe
• – Schneidetechnik – Amboßschere oder By-pass- oder vorbeischneidende Schere – mit möglichst ziehendem Schnitt
• – Knochenbrecher – Positionierung in der Nähe des Gelenkdrehpunkts
• – Zerlegbarkeit – einfach zu handhabende Fügetechnik Spreizfederspannung – erforderliche Griffspannung in Abstimmung mit der Zerlegbarkeit und der Reinigungsfunktion
• – Verriegelungsfunktion – bekannte Ein-Hand-Zuhaltungen in Abstimmung mit der Zerlegbarkeit und der Reinigungsfunktion
• – Reinigung – gründliche Hygiene bei einfachster Handhabung
• – Handhabung – Ein-Hand- oder Zwei-Hand-Bedienung für Rechts- und Linkshänder
• – Herstellungsverfahren – geschmiedete oder gestanzte Ausführung mit möglichst hoher Kraftübersetzung und vorteilhaftem konstruktivem Aufbau mit wenigen Teilen.

In the following, the prior art of cutting hand tools - with particular attention to the handling of hard and / or strong or thick parts to be cut and food hygiene - honored; According to the prior art, depending on the application, a variety of types of cutting tools are known and / or in use. Most scissors with this requirement profile come from the garden and forestry sector and are often equipped for the purpose of better handling with a kind of transmission. The following distinguishing features are related to scissors on

• - Joint design - laid or pinned trade
• - Cutting technology - anvil shears or by-pass or shear-passing shears - with as far as possible cutting
• - Bonecrusher - Positioning near the pivot point
• - Dismountability - easy-to-use joining technology Spreader spring tension - required grip tension in coordination with the disassembly and the cleaning function
• - Locking function - known one-hand tumblers in coordination with the dismantling and the cleaning function
• - Cleaning - thorough hygiene with easy handling
• - Handling - One-handed or two-handed operation for right and left-handed people
• - Manufacturing process - Forged or stamped design with the highest possible power transmission and advantageous structural design with few parts.

Taking into account high cutting forces to be applied, technical solutions from other trades - such as heating / air conditioning / ventilation (HVAC) installers, electrical installers, tinsmiths / roofers, etc. - may also be useful to consider with differently designed grippers or cutters. Pipe wrenches, water pump pliers, siphon pliers, gripping pliers, front, center and side cutters, tin snips are hand tools where consistently high forces must be applied, but hygiene plays a subordinate role - contrary to medical devices.

In appreciation of a variety of types of distinctive cutting hand tools, the German Offenlegungsschrift DE 10 2008 051 810 / German utility model DE 20 2008 014 291 a hand tool with force and jaw translation and pulling section before, the cutting process is done by a 5-joint mechanism with gear and lever gear as anvil or by-pass tool, with two half cheeks, the same time stock sheep and form panels, each unilaterally open in a half formed as a handle thigh. The cheeks sides are very strong towards the storage locations and thin-walled towards the handle side. The strong cheek part carries in the upper part of the load arm for the asymmetrically mounted blade and at the bottom of the storage of the anvil (eg., An anvil tool), which has at its handle-side end a rigidly molded teeth, and a third storage, the Fulcrum and the force arm of the lower leg, which in turn is designed to match the anvil as anvil toothing and drives the same and shaped towards the opposite end shaped as a handle. On the grip side, located in the area of the lower leg and in the region of the thin-walled cheek, is another force arm which receives the lever-shaped, parallel-operating push rods, which are fastened at their other end via a load arm on the handle-side end of the blade and control the rotational movement of the blade , While the thigh and cheek are fixed, an introduction of force between the thigh and lower leg via the lower leg leads on the one hand via the toothed gear to the rotatably mounted anvil and on the other hand via the lever mechanism - the push rods - on the also rotatably mounted blade.

The tool design fulfills - due to the proposed gear and the pulling section - the claim for handling hard and / or strong or thick to be cut workpieces as an anvil or by-pass tool, but the design meets lack of disassembly and accessibility of Assemblies and parts do not entitle to a mandatory hygiene in the intended applications.

According to the extensive research carried out in the above publications in connection with the updating of the prior art, it was not possible to find a hand tool which reliably fulfills the required demands on functionality.

With the German publication DE 10 2009 059 199 Publication of a pair of scissors with two scissor arms intersecting in an axis forming a rotary axis has been disclosed, with both scissor legs forming by-pass cutting areas having cooperating scissor tips on one side of the industry and gripping areas on the other side of the industry. wherein one of the legs is formed on the commercial side U-shaped and the axis of rotation passes through one of the U-legs. The aim of the design is to further develop a pair of scissors as indicated at the beginning in such a way that an advantageous structural design is achieved with the highest possible force transmission.

The cutting function is certainly given in the scissors; Whether centimeter-thick cylindrical workpieces can be cut with a handle reach that can be handled can not be confirmed with certainty - in terms of the balance of forces, however, the point of intersection lies favorably near the pivot point. A disassembly of the scissor legs and a Zuhaltefunktion are not provided, as well as a spring-loaded joint for the grip areas is not given. The cleaning of the scissors is only conditionally possible; the pair of scissors does not meet the hygiene requirements.

According to German utility model DE 83 36 960 a water pump pliers with two mutually crossing, by a hinge pin interconnected pliers limbs are presented, which form above the crossing region, the forceps jaw and below the crossing region handle portions, and in which the one, to change the forceps jaw size in the crossing region relative to the other pliers legs is gradually adjustable, wherein the hinge pin is suitably guided in a bore of a pliers limb and enters into positive engagement with the profiled flanks of a lying in the crossing region longitudinal slot of the other pliers limb.

Water pump pliers have an adjustable forceps jaw width and the grip point is low in terms of power in the immediate vicinity of the hinge pin pivot point; However, the water pump pliers usually have a plugged trade, the scissor legs are not separable; Cleaning is therefore only conditionally possible and not sufficient for food hygiene.

The German disclosure DE 10 2006 053 645 discloses a by-pass poultry shears having first and second blades that are movably disposed relative to one another and of which the first is fixedly and immovably connected to a first handle and a second handle movably disposed relative to the first handle is. The second handle and the second blade are mechanically coupled together by means of a transmission. It is advantageous that the second blade and this moving handle can be directed away from the work surface at the same time, while the fixed first blade and its associated, firmly attached to it handle must perform no relative movement on the work surface to or from the work surface , which is also important in the case of appropriate equipment from the field of medicine.

The introduced poultry shears does not meet in several respects the requirements placed on such products. The transmission has a 1: 1 ratio, which does not provide relief to the user; The required cutting force must be applied to the handle side. The intended for the bone crusher cutting bay is too far away from the cutting joint, but with open hand tool already leads to considerable grip widths; If the bulge is placed closer to the joint, the cutting edges must open even further and the reach exceeds human manageability. The one-hand application does not perform a pulling cut; the hand tool is not dismantled, a cleaning function is not given. An intended gear cover makes the hygiene requirement even more inaccessible and less visible.

The Utility Model DE 296 10 076 describes a by-pass poultry shears with on-hook business, in which the handling of the handles by recessed grips is designed particularly ergonomic. The grip or finger wells are formed by additional correspondingly pronounced plastic parts, which are integrally connected to the flat metal handle parts laterally, or as U-shaped molded parts include the flat handles on three sides firmly.

The joint is fixed by means of hinge pin rotatably connected to each other, a disassembly and a spring tension for the leg opening is not provided. At the end of the handle is a tumbler by means of a closure strap; the handle ends close flush in the closed position and pose a risk of injury during operation. A bulge in a cutting edge for a bone crusher is present; However, their distance from the hinge pin is so large that the great force on the relatively short handles is not applicable. Even centimeter-strength workpieces in the bone crusher on the grip legs to non-manageability.

The German utility model DE 75 41 838 claims protection for a one-handed locking device of a laid-by-fit poultry shears and an upper and a lower basin, which are pivotally connected by a pivot and which are under the pressure of a helical torsion spring, which the pelvis after her Unlocking in the open position pivots, which is provided for the locking under the pressure of another preferred coil spring printhead, which is slidably mounted in the upper reservoir and in the closed position of the scissors against the pressure of the spring with his Schaftfuß in a recess of the lower basin in one position is offset, in which the scissors locked, and is to be put on the compression of the legs of the scissors by the pressure of the spring in the unlocked position. Upper and lower basins are not detachably connected to each other via the pivot; the spring, which pivots the pelvis after unlocking the spring in the open position, is incorporated centrally between the pelvis around the pivot in this - a cleaning access is not given. A cleaning of the spring-loaded locking push-button in the recess of the upper basin is also not provided. A bulge in a cutting edge of the upper basin for a bone crusher is present; However, their distance from the pivot is so great that the large force on the long lever arm and the relatively short handles can not be applied. Even centimeter-strength workpieces in the bone crusher on the grip legs to non-manageability. A pool lock is not provided; the pelvic ends close flush at rest and pose a danger of crushing during operation.

utility Models DE 19 40 018 introduces a cuttable pre-cutting poultry shears in which the scissor arms are opened by a spreading spring and are retained in the closed position by a locking device, the spreading spring being a helical torsion spring and provided in one of these arms about the hinge pins of the two scissor arms; closed, chamber-like recess is arranged, and that the Locking device consists of a one-hand operated locking lever which is rotatably mounted on the one scissor arm as close as possible to the hinge pin and can engage with a hook-shaped projection in a corresponding latching of the other scissor arm.

The two scissor halves are fixedly connected in rotation by means of hinge pins; a dismantling for reasons of hygiene is not provided, but the cylindrical chamber-like spring receptacles are a haven of unwanted nucleation. The bulge for the bone crusher is far away from the hinge pivot point and handling it in forcibly wide open gripping arms - according to the performing figures - completely impossible.

The German utility model DE 18 13 451 discloses a by-pass poultry shears with on-hook and with or without lift-nail - is shown a screw connection of the upper and the lower basin - on which an evolute spring as a spreading spring, with the opening of the tool is effected with a bayonet-like slot on one of both ends is provided. At the pins which serve to receive the spring ends, a pin is inserted at right angles to the pin axis, which is dimensioned so that it fits into the bayonet-like slot of the spring closing and the spring remains on the scissors and not by far the scissors with lifting nail pops out. For cleaning purposes, the Evolutenfeder - as usual with a bayonet lock - can be removed by light turning.

The application shows a bone breaking function with a long reach; a locking function is not shown.

utility Models DE 17 09 978 presents a by-pass poultry shears with on-hook industry, in which the previously common open spreading and buffering spring, which is easily eliminated when opening the scissors, is replaced by a coil spring, which enclosed to protect against contamination of a cup-shaped cap on the scissors screw sitting.

The upper and lower bowls of the scissors are firmly screwed together, so that a simple disassembly of poultry shears is not possible. Since the coil spring is arranged on the outside of a basin and is supported with its one end on this, a detail about the abutment of the second spring end is absolutely necessary. Contamination in the feather area inside the cap can not be excluded and is imperceptible from the outside and therefore incompatible with basic hygiene standards. The scissors provide a bone crusher with unfavorable leverage; Advantageously, a lever-one-hand locking of the two basins is provided near the fulcrum.

The German patent application DE 16 54 897 provides a vorbeischneidende poultry scissors with on-hook, overhead cutting blade and down, over the length of the blade protruding hooks, arranged around the pivot spreader, a rotatably mounted near the pivot in the upper reservoir, latching into the lower basin engaging one-hand locking lever and a arranged on the lower cheek of the hook bone crusher, wherein the leg for the cutting blade - lower basin - and the legs for the hook - upper basin - are bent by about 30 ° from the cutting plane.

A simple disassembly of poultry shears for reasons of hygiene is not provided; However, the cylindrical cut-outs for the spreading spring to the pivot are not contaminant-free and therefore to maintain hygienic. The provision of the bone breaking opening requires a handle handle opening which is no longer manageable. The geometric arrangement of the bone crusher just below the pivot ensures good power-saving handling; however, whether the arrangement as such serves the purpose of carving the poultry remains to be considered. The one-hand-to-use locking lever dissolves advantageously by gently squeezing the gripping arms. The hook protruding beyond the cutting blade serves to guide the tool during cutting.

All publications presented are only partially or not at all for the specific use as collapsible hand tools with removable spherical bearings - especially not for a cutting hand tool with special consideration of the handling of hard and / or thick or thick to be cut workpieces or materials with special regard to the food hygiene.

The invention is therefore based on the object to provide a device according to the preamble of claim 1, a collapsible hand tool with removable spherical bearings - especially a cutting hand tool with special consideration of the handling of hard and / or strong or thick to be cut workpieces or materials below special consideration for food hygiene.

This object is achieved by the characterizing features of claim 1 solved; to advantageous embodiments, the dependent claims.

The aim is the basic structure of a demountable hand tool with removable spherical bearings according to predetermined conditions. The demountable tool relates to a one-handed device for right-handed or left-handed, so the ergonomic handling - opening width of upper and lower basin concerning - with sufficient jaw opening - hard and / or strong or thick to be cut workpieces or materials to be guaranteed , In addition to the opening width, the force to be applied and thus the transmission ratio are of particular importance, taking into account the group of users that may be considered, in terms of ergonomics. Since the tool comes into contact with food, the cleanability and / or sterilizability is a mandatory must.

The operating principle of the dismountable hand tool with displaceable spherical plain bearings should be transferable, such as bone, lawn, rose, branch scissors, sheet metal, wire, cable, profile, pipe cutter, notching, bending, crushing, forming , Knabber-, perforating, crimping pliers, o. Ä. Furthermore, the application in terms of cutting technology - such as anvil or by-pass tool as well as center, side, front trimmer - to examine. The application reference of the hand tool - such. B. textile or medical technology - affects the design of the active principle, such as fixed cutting in the invisible part of the application. The number of items to be used should be minimal; their production should be subject to resource-saving policies.

When building a product family, reuse parts must be taken into account in order to minimize the number of parts.

Danger of injury to the dismountable hand tool with removable spherical bearing locations are to a large extent excluded, if necessary provide for linings and / or protective caps; the cleanability and / or sterilizability and, associated therewith, the dismantling of the tool must be ensured.

The operating principle of the cutting hand tool with removable spherical bearings is summarized as follows. In the present invention is a collapsible cutting hand tool with vorbeischneidendem and preferably pulling cut - or pronounced as anvil tool - and on-demand, built from an upper reservoir and a lower basin, which are pivotally connected together by a lift-off nail and the under the pressure of a spreading spring, which pivots the pelvis after unlocking from the locking position into the open position. On the embodiment of the spreading spring will be discussed later. Likewise, the one-hand lock will be detailed below. In this respect, the cutting hand tool works to this point according to known products from the prior art.

The present invention has the object of solving the task of tailoring the cutting tool so that an advantageous structural design is achieved with the highest possible power transmission. One possible solution to this problem is given by the subject matter of claim 1, which is developed in this case to the effect that one of the scissor legs on the trade side is formed jump function-shaped and that the axis of rotation is formed by several joint bearing locations within the jump function leg shape and this interspersed. The in the commercial area, ie in the region of the articulation of the scissor legs to each other, in which the scissor legs also intersect, jump function-shaped expression of one of the scissor legs allows the axis of rotation and the cutting area of the relevant scissor leg relative to a longitudinal extent of the hand tool by different joint bearing sites laterally offset from one another stamp out.

Scissor blades have a defined Schränkungswinkel and a hollow ground near the commercial area, which reduces friction and jamming of the crop is avoided. The overlay of the shear parts, setting, hollow grinding and Bicon determine the properties of the cutting tool. Decisive for the cutting effect is the polished section of the Bicon; it is usually 6 °, with soft clippings it should be> 6 ° and with hard clippings <6 °. A wate or facet in cutting tools is a chamfer of the cutting edge on the side facing away from the biconce and causes an increase and durability of the cutting tool; wading-free cutting tools are only suitable for relatively thin and / or soft clippings, but produce a straight cut on the wadding-free side.

It is open to introduce improvements in the form of extension of the lower basin for better cutting or a slight bending of the handle and cutting part of up to 30 ° for better handling when cutting. To ensure cleanability and / or sterilization, the tool is brought by wide opening to the stop in an end position, which allows the decomposition of the same in the upper and lower tanks. This separability is in the introduction of spreading spring and locking parts consider; the spring and locking parts are connected on one side rotatably or pivotally firmly connected to a basin and the counter bearing loose or separable considered in the other basin.

The advantageous innovation in the development of such a cutting hand tool is the realization of a manageable and functioning bone breaking function or branch cutting function in conjunction with the dismantling and the concealed behind hygiene claims. For the purpose of realizing the function, the tool has a bulge in a cutting edge for better reception of the cylindrical crushing or cutting material, the bulge following the lever laws being in the immediate vicinity of the pivot point of the basin, which results in handling forces that are still manageable even with relatively short grip legs.

• – eine Schneide im Gewerbebereich durch eine Sprungfunktion-Form mehr Raum für das zylinderförmige Schnitt- oder Brechgut freigibt und
• – ein weiterer Lagerort für das Becken durch eine zusätzliche Aushebenagelbohrung oder einen zusätzlichen Aushebenagel (beim nagelbehafteten Becken) geschaffen ist.

Furthermore, learns the aushless pelvis of the hand tool a special form of expression such that

• - A cutting edge in the commercial area by a jump function form more space for the cylindrical cut or Brechgut releases and
• - Another storage location for the pelvis is created by an additional Aushebenagelbohrung or an additional Aushebenagel (nail-affected pool).

• – der Verriegelungsstellung im Ruhezustand
• – eine Öffnungs-/Schneidestellung im Arbeitszustand 1
• – weitere Knochenbrech- und Schneidestellungen im Arbeitszustand 2 ... n
• – eine Verfahrstellung beim Wechsel einer Aushebenagelbohrung sowie
• – eine Zerlegestellung bei gänzlich geöffneten Griffschenkeln in einer Aushebenagelbohrung, die die Trennung der Werkzeughälften zuläßt.

The opening width of the bone crusher or Schnittgutschneiders is adjusted according to the cylindrical crushing or Schnittgut, so that even with heavy crushing or clippings an ergonomic, the anatomy of the human hand adapted handling of the tool is possible. The tool has beside

• - The locking position at rest
• - An opening / cutting position in working condition 1
• - further bone breaking and cutting positions in working condition 2 ... n
• - A movement position when changing a Aushebenagelbohrung and
• - A dismantling at fully open grip legs in a Aushebenagelbohrung that allows the separation of the tool halves.

The implementation of other joint bearing locations can be done by attaching more Aushebenagelbohrungen in the aushless pelvis or - depending on the geometric design of the pelvis - by attaching additional Aushebenaegel in the aushebenagelbehafteten basin.

The disassembly of the tool takes place in each prepared Aushebenagelbohrung; In a further embodiment, the holes are connected by traversing channels, so that a basin can be moved in a displacement position from one hole to the next. The principle is similar to the adjustment of water pump pliers with commonly traversed trade, but applied to the well-known Aushebenagel.

• – Aushebenagelbohrung für die Schneide- und Entnahmefunktion
• – Aushebenagelbohrung für die Verfahrfunktion
• – Aushebenagelbohrung für die Knochenbrech- und Schneidefunktion.

According to the exemplary application, there are different types of Aushebenagelbohrungen - all holes may have different partial openings

• - Lifting hole for the cutting and removal function
• - Lifting hole for the travel function
• - Bore hole for the bone breaking and cutting function.

The weakest connection mechanically for the frictional connection is the Aushebenagel - / - bore connection for the cutting and removal function, as here the hole is furthest cut free for removal from the Aushebenagel. For the lifting hole drilling for the traversing function, the double-sided connection to the traversing channel must be cut free. The Aushebenagelbohrung for bone fracture and cutting function has only a retraction cutout for the travel channel and thus has the best ratio for the frictional connection.

In the present development, the upper and lower basins of the tool are opened by a spreading spring. Because of the dismantling of the cutting hand tool, the spreading spring is mechanically assigned to a pelvic part captive and fixed in the other pelvic part only holding as a floating bearing. Many known spreading spring arrangements are applicable; the selection of the type of spring must aim at an easily manageable solution. This can be achieved so that when joining the tool parts -. B. after cleaning - pelvis and spring are used correctly. If the traversing function is used and the pelvic parts are displaced relative to one another, the open end of the spring is possibly introduced and held in a further offset hole. A number of different types of expanding springs for a collapsible hand tool are presented.

In the present development, the upper and lower reservoirs of the tool in the locked position by a device to each other festhaltbar. Preferably, an automatic one-hand locking is suggested by bolts or bolts, which - is part of a basin - because of the Zerlegefunktion - and finds in the second basin to be solved holding function. A slight compression of the handle legs causes a release function on the locked latch and by means of the spreading spring opening the hand tool. Different forms of Locking functions that meet the above requirements are possible.

The subject matter of the invention will be further clarified below with reference to the accompanying drawings of exemplary embodiments. It shows the collapsible hand tool with removable spherical bearings in side view

1 Cutting function in closed position

2 Bonecrumb or branch cutting function in almost closed position

3 Cutting function in open position

4 Bonecrumb or branch cutting function in open position

5 Traversing function between cutting and bone breaking function

6 Disassembly function in fully open position and detail in side view

7 Cymbal with lifting nail

8th Pelvis with lift-hole bores

9 Removable spherical bearings in perspective

• a) Blattfeder, gebogen
• b) Spiralfeder
• c) Evolutenfeder
• d) Blattfederhälften, verrastet
• e) Blattfederhälften, gleitend
• f) Bügelfeder, dreh-/schwenkbar
• g) Torsionsfeder
• h) Drahtfeder, gebogen.

10 Spreizfederanordnungen in a schematic representation

• a) leaf spring, bent
• b) spiral spring
• c) Evolute spring
• d) leaf spring halves, locked
• e) Leaf spring halves, sliding
• f) bow spring, rotatable / pivotable
• g) torsion spring
• h) wire spring, bent.

The same and equivalent components of the embodiments are each provided with the same reference numerals in the figures.

The description of the device according to the invention will be continued with reference to the explanation of the figures.

How out 1 it can be seen, the dismountable hand tool with removable spherical bearing 1 consists of two in a joint forming commercial area 24 . 44 - ie the area where the scissor legs 2 . 4 Turning on each other - two intersecting scissor legs, both scissor legs on one side of the trade cooperating, cutting tips 27 . 49 having cutting areas 23 . 43 train and on the other side of the trade grip areas 21 . 41 own that in the grip ends 28 . 50 end up. In scissors according to the prior art, the joint is the axis of rotation 29 - in the center with respect to the blades lying one over the other when the scissors are closed 22 . 42 arranged. Furthermore, a rotation axis, which in the embodiment by means of a Aushebenagels 24 and a lifting nail hole 1 ... n 44 . 46 . 51 is pronounced, provided. By the use of different adjacent excavation nail holes 1 ... n arise for the rotation axis offset joint bearing locations 1 ... n.

The achievable with the present invention consist in particular in that the scissor legs 2 . 4 integral with the cutting areas 23 . 43 each scissor leg are formed; it is preferably - as usual with scissors - forged parts. The cutting areas - the entire, preferably machined at the relevant sections of the scissor leg, preferably ground surface for forming the respective cutting edge - are on the one hand starting at the level of Aushebenagels 24 to the top 27 and on the other hand starting at the level of the Aushebenagelbohrung 46 to the tip of the scissors 49 are formed and each with a changing over the length of the distance to the axis of rotation and generate a pulling cut during the cutting process.

In the field of trade at the location of the lifting nail holes 1 ... n 44 . 46 . 51 learns the lower leg 4 a jump-function-like increase in the leg width for receiving the holes, so that the axis of rotation 29 is formed by a plurality of joint bearing locations 1... n within the step function leg shape and passes through them. The crack-shaped characteristic of one of the scissor legs in the industrial sector 2 . 4 makes it possible to offset the axis of rotation and the cutting area of the relevant scissor leg relative to a longitudinal extent of the hand tool by means of different joint bearing sites laterally offset from one another either.

• – Aushebenagelbohrung 1 44 für die Schneide- und Entnahmefunktion
• – Aushebenagelbohrung 2 51 für die Verfahrfunktion
• – Aushebenagelbohrung 3 46 für die Knochenbrech- und Schneidefunktion.

Another embodiment of the inventive novelty is given by the fact that the decomposition of the tool takes place in each prepared Aushebenagelbohrung; In a further embodiment, the bores are through travel channels 45 connected so that a pelvis 53 can be moved in a displacement position from a hole 1 to the next hole 2, 3 and back. The stabilization of the lifting nail 24 under basin 31 meanwhile, take the lead 54 of the travel channel. According to the exemplary embodiment, different types of Lifting hole drilling - all holes are - related to the flattening 25 of the lifting nail - different partially opened

• - Lifting hole 1 44 for the cutting and removal function
• - Lifting hole drilling 2 51 for the movement function
• - Lifting hole 3 46 for the bone breaking and cutting function.

The mechanically weakest connection for the frictional connection is the Aushebenagel - / - bore connection for the cutting and removal function, since the bore 1 furthest for the removal from the Aushebenagel 24 by milling out 48 is cut free. For lifting pin hole 2 for the traversing function, the double-sided connection to the traversing channel must be used 45 be cut free (not shown). In the Aushebenagelbohrung 3 for bone fracture and cutting function is the leadership 47 cut free for the lifting nail only to the traversing channel and thus has the best ratio for the frictional connection.

The dismountable, cutting hand tool 1 is characterized by a manageable and functioning bone breaking function or branch cutting function in connection with the dismantling and the concealed hygiene claims. The tool has for the realization of the function a bulge 26 in the scissors lever 23 for better absorption of the cylindrical crushing or cutting material, wherein the bulge according to the law of levers in the immediate vicinity of the axis of rotation 29 the pelvis is located, even with relatively short grip legs 21 . 41 leads to even ergonomically manageable force applications.

• – die Schneide 43 durch die Sprungfunktion-Form mehr Raum für das zylinderförmige Schnitt- oder Brechgut freigibt und
• – ein weiterer Lagerort für das Becken 53 durch eine zusätzliche Aushebenagelbohrung 46 oder einen zusätzlichen Aushebenagel (beim nagelbehafteten Becken – nicht dargestellt) geschaffen ist.

2 shows the bone breaking or cutting function in almost closed position - at about the same opening angle of the stalks 21 . 41 ; clearly reveals the Kantenausbuchtung 26 for the Schnittgutaufnahme. This is the experience of the nailless pelvis 53 of the dismountable hand tool 1 a special form of expression such that

• - the cutting edge 43 through the jump function form more space for the cylindrical cut or crushed material releases and
• - another storage location for the pool 53 through an additional lifting nail hole 46 or an additional digging nail (in the case of the pond-covered pool - not shown).

• – der Verriegelungsstellung im Ruhezustand – 1
• – eine Öffnungs-/Schneidestellung im Arbeitszustand 1 – 3
• – weitere Knochenbrech- und Schneidestellungen im Arbeitszustand 2 ... n – 2, 4
• – eine Verfahrstellung beim Wechsel von Aushebenagelbohrungen 44, 46, 51 – 5
• – eine Zerlegestellung bei gänzlich geöffneten Griffschenkeln 21, 41 in einer Aushebenagelbohrung 44, die die Trennung der Werkzeughälften zuläßt – 6.

Another aspect of the inventive novelty provides that the design of the opening width of the bone crusher or Schnittgutschneiders selbiges the cylindrical crushing or cut material is constructively adapted. The tool 1 owns beside

• - the locking position at rest - 1
• An opening / cutting position in working condition 1 3
• - further bone breaking and cutting positions in working condition 2 ... n - 2 . 4
• - A movement position when changing from Aushebenagelbohrungen 44 . 46 . 51 - 5
• - A dismantling with completely open grip legs 21 . 41 in a digging hole 44 , which allows the separation of the tool halves - 6 ,

The realization of further joint bearing locations 1... N can be achieved by the attachment of additional lifting nail bores 44 . 46 . 51 in the studless pool 53 or - depending on the geometric design of the pool 2 . 4 - Also by attaching additional lifting nails 24 in the lobster-prone pool 2 respectively.

A further advantageous embodiment provides that to ensure the cleanability and / or sterilization is the tool 1 brought to an end position by wide opening until stop 6 which decomposition of the same into 4 and lower basin 2 allowed. This separability is in the introduction of spreading spring 6 and locking parts 8th to take into account; the spring and locking parts are connected on one side rotatably or pivotally firmly connected to a basin and the counter bearing loose or separable considered in the other basin.

7 shows in side view a lower cutlery 2 of the hand tool 1 with straw 21 and blade leaf 22 and pick-up nail 24 as a single part, disassembled.

8th shows in side view an upper cutlery 4 with jump function leg form for receiving excavation nail holes of the hand tool 1 with straw 41 and blade leaf 42 and lifting nail holes 44 . 46 as a single part, disassembled.

• a) in der Knochenbrech- und Schneidestellung in der Aushebenagelbohrung 46 im Arbeitszustand 2 ... n und in
• b) in der Verfahrstellung beim Wechsel von Aushebenagelbohrungen 44, 46.

9 shows exemplary embodiments of the displaceable joint bearing locations of the dismountable hand tool in a perspective view in

• a) in the Knochenbrech- and cutting position in the Aushebenagelbohrung 46 in working condition 2 ... n and in
• b) in the travel position when changing from Aushebenagelbohrungen 44 . 46 ,

As shown, the head of the lifting nail becomes 24 in the excavation nail hole 44 . 46 and in the travel channel 45 guided; the diameter of the nail bolt 24 is determined by the width of the ducting 54 certainly. Optimizations with the goal to use the nail bolts as a stabilizing guide in the holes are through Broadening and alignment of the channel guide, the diameter of the nail bolt and the guides of the Aushebenagelbohrungen 47 meaningful. Since the guidance of the travel channel only absorbs the holding forces and guides and secures the lifting nail during the process, the mechanical and geometric dimensioning can be simply pronounced.

A further embodiment of the invention provides that the storage of the cutting elements in asymmetric, displaceable spherical plain bearings when closing the same creates a circular movement and thereby results in a pulling cut.

• a) Blattfeder, gebogen, 61
• b) Spiralfeder 62
• c) Evolutenfeder 63
• d) Blattfederhälften, verrastet, 64
• e) Blattfederhälften, reibend, 65
• f) Bügelfeder, dreh-/schwenkbar, 66
• g) Torsionsfeder 67
• h) Drahtfeder, gebogen, 68.

A further advantageous embodiment of the present development will be 4 and lower basin 2 of the dismountable tool 1 by a spreading spring 6 open. Because of the dismantling of the cutting hand tool, the spreading spring is mechanically assigned to a pelvic part captive and fixed in the other pelvic part only holding as a floating bearing. Many known spreading spring arrangements are applicable, 10 shows spreading spring arrangements in a schematic representation in the form of

• a) leaf spring, bent, 61
• b) spiral spring 62
• c) Evolute spring 63
• d) leaf spring halves, locked, 64
• e) leaf spring halves, rubbing, 65
• f) bow spring, rotatable / pivotable, 66
• g) torsion spring 67
• h) wire spring, bent, 68 ,

The selection of the spring type 6 must aim for an easy to handle solution. This can be achieved so that when joining the tool parts 2 . 4 - z. B. after cleaning - pelvis and spring are used in a positionally correct position. If the traversing function is used and the pelvic parts are displaced relative to one another, the open end of the spring is introduced and held in a further offset hole. In a further embodiment of the invention, the two legs of the cutting tool are mechanically locked in the closed state against a Spreizfederkraft.

According to a further embodiment of the present development, the upper 4 and lower basin 2 of the dismountable tool 1 in the locking position by a device 8th stuck together. Preferably, an automatic one-hand latch for right and / or left-handers by bolts or bolts is proposed, which - because of the Zerlegefunktion - rotatable or pivotal part of a pool and in the second basin has a holding function to be solved, as exemplified in the embodiment of a torsion spring snap latch. A slight compression of the handle legs causes a release of the closed lock and by means of the spreading spring opening the hand tool. The procedure of the pelvic parts takes place with the lock open; various forms of interlocking functions that meet the above requirements are possible.

According to a further embodiment, the invention is transferred both to a hand tool working on the anvil principle and to a tool based on the by-pass principle.

A further embodiment of the invention provides that the cutting edge in the blade blade is made exchangeable or replaceable.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the operating principle is transferred to many applications of cutting hand tools by designing the industries.

Advantageous developments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims; The numerous possibilities and advantages of the embodiment of the invention are reflected in the number of patent claims.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Hand tool, dismountable

2

Lower leg, lower cutlery, branch

21

Grip leg, stalk

22

cutting blade

23

Cutting edge, scissors lever, cutting edge, Bicon, Wate / facet

24

Aushebenagel

25

flattening

26

bulge

27

cutting tip

28

handle end

29

axis of rotation

30

move

31

Unterbecken

4

Thighs, upper cutlery, branch

41

Grip leg, stalk

42

cutting blade

43

Cutting edge, scissors lever, cutting edge, Bicon, Wate / facet

44

Lifting hole 1

45

Verfahrkanal

46

Lifting hole 3

47

Leadership, cone

48

countersink

49

cutting tip

50

handle end

51

Lifting hole 2 (not shown)

52

move

53

Oberbecken

54

guide

6

splay

61

leaf spring

62

spiral spring

63

Evolutenfeder

64

Leaf spring half, latching

65

Leaf spring half, rubbing

66

Bow spring, turnable / swiveling

67

torsion spring

68

Wire spring, bent

8th

Lock (not shown)

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 102008051810 A [0011]
• DE 202008014291 U [0011]
• DE 102009059199 A [0014]
• DE 8336960 U [0016]
• DE 102006053645 A [0018]
• DE 29610076 U [0020]
• DE 7541838 U [0022]
• DE 1940018 U [0023]
• DE 1813451 U [0025]
• DE 1709978 U [0027]
• DE 1654897A [0029]

Claims (10)

Dismountable hand tool with removable spherical bearing - especially a cutting hand tool ( 1 ) with particular regard to the handling of hard and / or strong or thick workpieces or materials to be cut with particular attention to food hygiene with two in one axis of rotation ( 29 ) forming trades crossing tool legs ( 2 . 4 ), wherein both tool legs on one side of the trade cooperating, leg tips ( 27 . 49 ) having cutting areas ( 23 . 43 ) form and on the side facing away from the cutting areas of the trade handle areas ( 21 . 41 ), and wherein a tool leg ( 2 ) as Drehachsen- and gelenklagerortbildendes trade a digging nail ( 24 ), characterized in that in another, not with a lifting nail ( 24 ) - ie nailless tool legs ( 4 ) more than one excavation hole ( 44 . 46 . 51 ) is arranged. Disassemblable hand tool with displaceable spherical plain bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that the Aushebenagelbohrungen ( 44 . 46 . 51 ) geometrically offset in the plane against each other in one of the nailless tool legs ( 4 ) are arranged. Disassemblable hand tool with displaceable spherical bearing according to at least one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the Aushebenagelbohrungen ( 44 . 46 . 51 ) in one of the nailless tool legs ( 4 ) by traversing channels ( 45 ) are mechanically interconnected. Disassemblable hand tool with displaceable spherical plain bearing according to at least one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a lehenagelbehafteter, in a Aushebenagelbohrung ( 44 . 46 . 51 ) positioned tool leg ( 2 ) from this Aushebenagelbohrung in another Aushebenagelbohrung a lash-free tool leg ( 4 ) is convertible. Disassemblable hand tool with displaceable spherical plain bearings according to at least one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the transfer of a lehenagelbehafteten, in a Aushebenagelbohrung ( 44 . 46 . 51 ) positioned tool leg ( 2 ) from one lug nail hole to another lug hole bore of a nailless tool leg ( 4 ) by means of a travel channel ( 45 ) he follows. Disassemblable hand tool with displaceable spherical plain bearings according to at least one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a Aushebenagelbohrung ( 51 ) of a nailless tool leg ( 4 ) is so pronounced that several travel channels ( 45 ) are mechanically connected, via which a tool leg ( 2 ) in the Aushebenagelbohrung ( 51 ) of a tool leg ( 4 ) is convertible. Dismountable hand tool with displaceable spherical plain bearings according to claim 6, characterized in that in the with several Verfahrkanälen Afflicted Aushebenagelbohrung ( 51 ) of a nailless tool leg ( 4 ) transferred overhanging tool legs ( 2 ) in this position not from the tool leg ( 4 ) can be separated or disassembled. Disassemblable hand tool with displaceable spherical plain bearings according to at least one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that a Aushebenagelbohrung ( 46 ) of a nailless tool leg ( 4 ) is so pronounced that one or more traversing channels ( 45 ) are mechanically connected, via which a tool leg ( 2 ) in the Aushebenagelbohrung ( 51 ) of a tool leg ( 4 ) and in this position a separation or disassembly of the tool legs ( 2 . 4 ) is not possible from each other. Dismountable hand tool with displaceable spherical plain bearings according to at least one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the realization of further joint bearing locations 1 ... n of the dismountable hand tool ( 1 ) by attaching additional lifting nail holes ( 44 . 46 . 51 ) in a tool leg ( 2 . 4 ) or - depending on the geometric configuration of the tool legs ( 2 . 4 ) - also by attaching additional lifting nails ( 24 ) in a tool leg ( 2 . 4 ) he follows. Disassemblable hand tool with displaceable spherical plain bearings according to at least one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that - the tool legs ( 2 . 4 ) of the dismountable hand tool ( 1 ) by one with a tool leg ( 2 . 4 ) integrally fixed or loosely connected one-piece spreading spring ( 6 ) or with both tool legs ( 2 . 4 ) integrally fixed or loosely connected multi-piece spreading spring ( 6 ) and - that the tool legs ( 2 . 4 ) of the dismountable hand tool ( 1 ) by one with a tool leg ( 2 . 4 ) integrally rotatable or pivotally connected automatic one-hand locking in the locked position are held together.

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