DE202011102841U1 - High frequency carbon reactor alternatively usable as boiler HFCR - Google Patents

Abstract

High-frequency carbon reactor, alternatively usable as a heating boiler (HFCR), characterized in that its structure is composed of a rectangular base body, the upper front end face being inclined inward. Furthermore, the rectangular base body is equipped with several inner partitions that divide the interior of the rectangular base body into several individual rooms, these partitions being welded tightly to the cover plate and the side walls of the rectangular base body, but openly connected to one another at the lower end. The partition walls divide the inner space of the rectangular body into a storage space for the fuel, a space for accommodating a device that transports the microwaves, a dead space, and a space for the gases created inside the geometric body via a space in the upper area of the Rear wall of the geometric body located opening can be suctioned. Between the inner partition of the room through which the gas is extracted and the one partition of the room in which the device for ...

Description

The invention relates to a high-frequency carbon reactor alternatively usable as a boiler (HFCR) for generating a combustible synthesis gas from carbonaceous materials for the z. As ottomotorischen use, or for use as z. B. Log burners, for hot or domestic water heating, or in combination operation for the production of combustible synthesis gas and simultaneous hot or domestic water heating.

An already known device, and already known method for producing a combustible synthesis gas, hereinafter abbreviated as HF reactor, in addition to their advantages according to the invention in operation a number of disadvantages.

The hitherto known design of the RF reactor is a bridging technique that enables a combined heat and power in the low range of 5 kW electrical to 10 kW electric even for small producers such as single-family homes, farmsteads, small and medium-sized businesses and so on.

The intention of the development of the RF reactor was not based on the possibility of commercial gains through reimbursement when feeding electrical energy into the public grid, but the provision of electrical energy and usable waste heat for self-sufficiency for the operator of the plant.

The HF reactor operates on the same physical and chemical principles as the high-temperature carbon reactor (HTCR), in which charcoal is first produced from carbonaceous fuels, predominantly wood chips, and then in a hot oxidation zone the carbon fraction is gasified with the gasification agents carbon dioxide and oxygen to form a fuel gas becomes.

While in HTCR a large oxidation range for generating the necessary for the gasification processes high temperature of about 1200 ° C is available due to the small size in the HF reactor, only a small oxidation region is present in which only a temperature between 850 ° C. and 900 ° C is reached.

This temperature is not sufficient for the gasification of carbon. According to the invention, the problem of too low a temperature in the oxidation region of the HF reactor is solved by increasing the temperature of the oxidation region from about 850 ° C. to about 1400 ° C. by microwave radiation into the oxidation region.

It is thus possible by using microwaves to build even small-sized reactors for the gasification of carbon. However, the disadvantage of the HF reactor is its concentric, high, design. The primary air supplies are concentric, so rotationally symmetrical, arranged around a round body of the RF reactor so that it must be free for trouble-free operation in the room.

Gas coolers and devices for gas conditioning can therefore not be arranged directly next to the HF reactor, but only at some distance from the reactor.

As a disadvantage of the height of about 1.80 meters results that for a manual feed in the worst case, a ladder, or similar tools are necessary.

A sinking in the ground, z. As a pit fails, to be dissipated heat radiation of the RF reactor, and the risk of accumulation of dangerous gases in the z. Eg pit.

The use of appropriate ventilation techniques for a pit containing the RF reactor is expensive, and associated with a very complex construction effort. The economic advantages of the HF reactor would be so lost because the costs associated with the additional construction costs would be too high when using an HF reactor.

In addition to the space and space problems described here, which also complicate a manual feed, a significant further disadvantage of the HF reactor results from its internal construction itself.

The synthesis gas produced in the HF reactor is aspirated through a central suction tube whose lower end is directly above the oxidation region.

In the axis of rotation of this gas-discharging tube is a waveguide through which the microwaves are transported directly to just above the oxidation region. The waveguide is thus located directly in the hot gas stream.

In particular, the protected by a mica plate, against ingress of charcoal dust and ashes, output of the waveguide is exposed to extreme temperatures, resulting in thermal damage of mica plate and waveguide output itself.

The fact that the rather long waveguide is in the middle of the hot gas stream, it comes during operation to heat-related elastic deformations of the waveguide, which means a loss of introduced microwave energy in the worst case, since the necessary for the microwave transport geometry of the waveguide is lost. Depending on the total operating time plastic deformation, as well as cracks in the material, the waveguide but also the mica plate, the result.

During the extraction of the hot fuel gas from the oxidation region, even the finest charcoal dust is sucked, which can be heated in the range of microwave irradiation to temperatures of about 2000 ° C, and cause short-lived hot plasma clouds severe thermal damage in the range of mica plate and / or waveguide , The internal geometry of the HF reactor thus causes a whole series of problems, which can lead to inefficiency, due to e.g. B. deformation of the waveguide can result.

Furthermore, the HF reactor is its intended use according to only suitable for the production of fuel gases by gasification of carbon.

An operation, as z. B. firewood boiler, only for the production of hot water for heating and service water is not possible with the HF reactor.

The high-frequency carbon reactor alternatively usable as a boiler (HFCR) is a device for producing a combustible synthesis gas from carbonaceous materials, which also uses like the RF reactor microwaves to generate the necessary for a carbon gasification temperature, heated as a pure hot water generator by z. B. logs, or for the production of combustible synthesis gas from gasification of carbonaceous materials with simultaneous hot water production can be used.

The high-frequency carbon reactor alternatively usable as a boiler (HFCR) consists in its simplest embodiment of a rectangular base container in which limited by the outer walls, divided by partitions a storage space for carbonaceous fuel, a space for receiving a microwave feed, an unused dead space for thermal insulation , and a space to the upper rear discharge of synthesis gas are located. These intermediate walls are gas-tight welded to the cover plate and the side walls of the rectangular base body, but at the lower end connected to each other openly via the oxidation region located there.

On the top of the rectangular base container is a cover plate with an opening above the storage space. This opening may be provided for manual filling with a gas-tight closable flap in any design, or a lock mechanism for automatic fuel supply from a silo.

The one, front, side of the rectangular base container is laterally inclined from top to bottom, so that there is an inclined plane, whereby the fuel safely and reliably slides down.

In the course of the inclined inwards as a chute front of the rectangular base container goes into a straight down inclined face plate, which is equipped with several openings for primary air supply. Behind this end wall with the primary air openings is followed by a layer of fireclay several centimeters thick, which have round cavities at the locations of the primary air openings of the end wall, so that primary air can be conducted from outside through the front wall and the fireclay layer into the interior of the rectangular container.

The side of the fireclay layer lying to the inside of the rectangular container is likewise inclined inwards, so that here too an inclined plane results for the fuel to slide downwards. Directly at the lower end of the internal layer of fireclay is the oxidation zone.

This consists at the bottom of two temperature-resistant grates through the ashes and small glowing charcoal pieces can trickle into an underlying ash collection room. The distance between the grates and the lower end of the partitions is 12 cm. Instead of a long grate, two short grids are used, which are supported by a bridge at the point where they meet. Advantageously, this reliably counteracts the thermal deformation of a single long grate. Another advantage is that, for purposes of cleaning the interior of the HFCR, two small, lighter grids are easier to remove than a long, heavy, and bulky grate. The oxidation region extends over its entire length over both grates, starting at the lower end of the inner inclined Schamottwand, to the inner rear side of the rear wall of the rectangular container.

The ash collecting space below the two grates of the oxidation zone can be cleaned by a sealable gastight inspection flap on the front lower side of the rectangular base tank.

Through an opening in the cover plate of the rectangular container is a, the waveguide for Transporting the microwave containing, waveguide housing used and gas-tight screwed from above with a flange connection with a suitable surface seal from the top plate.

The output of the hollow conductor located in the waveguide housing ends about 17 cm above the hot oxidation region of the HFCR. The fuel gas produced in the oxidation region is sucked across the oxidation region, in the direction of the rear wall of the rectangular base container, via an opening located at the upper end in the rear wall.

Here, a thermally insulating dead space is located between the inner intermediate wall of the gas outlet space and the rear intermediate wall of the space containing the waveguide.

This dead space is used for thermal insulation, in the sense that the outgoing over the gas outlet space hot gases can not directly heat the, the waveguide receiving space.

During operation, the storage space, at z. B. Hand filling via the gas-tight sealable flap on top of the rectangular base tank, with carbonaceous fuel, eg. B. Holzhackschnitzeln, filled, which is ensured due to the inwardly inclined end plate of the rectangular base body and the likewise inclined end side of the fireclay layer, a safe down slides of the fuel. An automatic fuel supply is possible by a suitable lock instead of a manually operated flap, and a level monitoring in the storage space.

By an external fan primary air is blown through the corresponding primary air openings in the end wall, and the openings provided in the fireclay layer, in the oxidation region.

If microwaves are supplied to the filled oxidation space by switching on the microwave generating magnetron from above via the waveguide, then the fuel located in the oxidation range and in the effective range of the microwaves is ignited.

For initial commissioning, or after revision with complete cleaning, it is recommended to first fill the oxidation room with charcoal, since charcoal immediately begins to ignite when ignited, while wood must first carbonize and carbonize, until it forms an ember bed of glowing charcoal in the oxidation zone comes.

In the, during operation of glowing charcoal existing oxidation range, temperatures of up to about 1400 ° C are achieved by microwave irradiation through the waveguide. Here, the penetration depth of the microwaves in the glowing charcoal of the oxidation range is up to 7 cm. The hot spot forming around the penetration area reaches a diameter of approx. 22 cm-25 cm with core temperatures of approx. 1400 ° C and edge temperatures of approx. 1150 ° C.

During operation, a layer of charcoal forms between the oxidation zone and the grates underneath, which only reaches temperatures of a maximum of 850 ° C, so that melting of the grates due to the high temperatures in the hot spot is not to be feared. The microwave transporting waveguide itself is located in a waveguide housing made of stainless steel. The waveguide housing in this case does not come into contact with the intermediate and side walls in the interior of the HFCR as a suspended construction, so that thermal deformations of components of the HFCR can not lead to voltage states of the waveguide housing. A direct solid connection to the rectangular body of the HFCR results only by gas-tight screwing the upper rectangular flange of the stainless steel housing with the cover plate of the rectangular body.

Through the gaps between the waveguide housing and the intermediate walls of the HFCR, the interior of the waveguide housing containing the waveguide is vented to the oxidation region.

As a result, there can be no pressures from heated and expanding gases which, in the worst case, could inflate and deform the housing. In the lower area, at the level of the output of the waveguide, two obliquely downwardly inclined reflectors are each arranged laterally from the waveguide exit, which also forms the lower end of the stainless steel housing. The reflectors will reflect heat radiation from the oxidation region, and microwaves, down toward the oxidation region.

The output of the waveguide is closed as a protection against contamination with a mica plate. All components of the waveguide housing, except for the mica plate, are made of stainless steel to protect against corrosion, with all components are connected to each other by points, but not by solid welds to protect against welding distortion.

Advantageously, the non-gas-tight production of the waveguide housing facilitates its ventilation towards the interior of the HFCR.

The formation of the waveguide housing the waveguide housing by projecting end walls in the upper and lower regions of the housing, and obliquely arranged reflectors prevents in combination with the side walls of the actual waveguide twisting or deformation of the waveguide housing in which thereby the construction of the housing by its constructive Design stiffened. In this way, deformations of the waveguide, with consequent reduced transport of microwaves, are structurally effective and certainly counteracted.

During operation, the waste heat of the oxidation region, as in z. B. HF reactor or HTCR, the introduced primary fuel dried, subjected to pyrolysis and carbonized to charcoal.

The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) produced during pyrolysis and fumigation are thermally cracked when passing through the hot oxidation zone, at temperatures of about 1400 ° C, to primarily carbon monoxide.

As a result of the induced draft operation, PAHs arising in the pyrolysis zone are safely and reliably sucked through the hot oxidation zone, so that after successful thermal cracking no PAHs can be found in the fuel gas.

The primary air supply, by the fan located outside, can be reduced by a fixed throttle, so that a sufficient oxygen supply is ensured for a reliable ignition, but otherwise results in a substoichiometric oxidation in the oxidation region, so that it according to the Boudouar equilibrium reactions to a large extent Gasification of carbon occurs in the predominant reactions of carbon and oxygen to carbon monoxide and reduction of carbon dioxide to carbon monoxide take place.

In addition to reactions not mentioned further here, the fuel gas-forming reactions to mainly carbon monoxide are as follows:

In addition to carbon monoxide are found as more combustible components

Methane and hydrogen in the fuel gas, as non-combustible constituents predominantly carbon dioxide, oxygen and nitrogen, the latter from the sucked primary air, or in the HFCR with the outside air entered the fuel.

In the oxidation zone, after complete conversion of the carbon content of the charcoal, remaining mineral ash trickles through the two grates into the ash collection room, also like small red-hot charcoal pieces.

The latter oxidize completely in the ash space with residual oxygen, whereby the resulting carbon dioxide is sucked as a gasifying agent for the fuel gas-forming reactions back into the above oxidation zone.

Moreover, the chemical processes and gas-forming reactions in hot oxidation regions with reference to the HF reactor and the HTCR are assumed to be known.

The fuel gas is sucked in the direction of the rear wall of the HFCR across the oxidation region, wherein the flow direction through the corresponding delimiting inner intermediate walls, the corresponding suction opening in the upper region of the rear wall, and the suction in the induced draft by z. B. a self-priming gas engine is specified. As a result of the underpressure, which thus constantly arises during operation, carbon monoxide which is formed in the ash collecting space is sucked as a gasifying agent into the oxidation region located above the ash collecting space.

Due to the forced gas flow direction, across the oxidation region, neither the waveguide, nor its output occluding mica plate in the region of the extracted hot gas stream.

Thermal damage to mica plate and waveguide, z. As elastic and plastic deformation and / or cracking, this is effectively and reliably counteracted.

The fact that the hot gas stream is now sucked across the oxidation region, and no longer contrary to emerging from the waveguide microwaves, form finest carbon dusts no more plasma clouds in the range of waveguide and mica plate. Thermal structural damage caused by plasma formation on these essential components is therefore excluded.

Plasma formation takes place only in the oxidation region, or the gas outlet space, whereby by appropriate dimensioning of the local Boundary and partitions, and due to the short-lived nature of the plasma clouds, no damage.

The rear wall of the HFCR is provided for cleaning the gas outlet space, and the heat exchanger located there, above the gas outlet opening with a revision flap.

To the rectangular body of the HFCR is located at a distance of a few centimeters, an additional housing made of sheet metal, in such a way that is in the forming space thermally insulating material.

In the gas outlet space a Gegenstromrohrbündelwärmetauscher is provided for the provision of hot water or domestic hot water, the cold water supply above and the hot water withdrawal takes place below, and the water connections are mounted laterally by any side wall of the gas outlet space.

Hot water is generated by heat transfer from the hot extracted synthesis gas to the heat transfer medium in the tube bundles, which are constantly flowed around by the hot synthesis gas. If not needed, this heat exchanger is unfilled and vented to the atmosphere.

In contrast to the HF reactor, the possibility of producing hot water is already provided in the HFCR.

The countercurrent tube bundle heat exchanger may be formed according to the already known prior art.

Should the HFCR not serve for the synthesis of a fuel gas from carbonaceous materials, it can be used as pure, z. B. log boiler, apply by the hot water production is no longer done by heat extraction from the hot synthesis gas, but by heat extraction from the hot flue gases in combustion of z. B. logs.

The fact that in the high-frequency carbon reactor alternatively usable as a boiler (HFCR) is already integrated a heat exchanger, a further grow-on heat exchanger for the provision of hot water is no longer necessary.

In addition to the advantage of the low height of about 80 cm for a simple and convenient fuel feed by hand, the rectangular basic shape of the HFCR can be visually appealing in a z. B. integrate boiler room, as a high RF reactor must be free in the room. In particular, due to the primary air supply only on the front face of the HFCR, this can also be housed near the wall like a normal heating boiler.

If the HFCR only as a hot water generator from z. B. logs are used, no additional attachments except reservoir, pressure relief valve and flow pump are necessary.

In addition to firewood, the HFCR can also be operated with wood briquettes, wood pellets, charcoal, coal briquettes, lignite, hard coal, peat and other commercially available solid fuels.

These fuels can also be used when using the HFCR for the synthesis of fuel gas by gasification of carbon. Other carbonaceous fuels, such as. As plastic bottles, are not permitted for environmental reasons, although technically possible. If the HFCR is also used for combined heat and power, then in addition to the gas conditioning of the synthesis gas, a suitable motor generator for the Otto engine conversion of the fuel gas is necessary.

For gas conditioning, the principle of operation of the gas-carbon catalyst with ion trap (GKK) should be used. Due to the completely new design of the geometry of the HFCR, in particular the resulting from the interstices inner geometry, and a changed gas flow of the hot synthesis gas no longer around the waveguide, but across through the oxidation region, no thermal damage occurs in the range of waveguides and mica plate.

The altered gas flow across the oxidation region furthermore reliably prevents the formation of thermally harmful plasma in the region of waveguide and mica plate.

The completely redesigned and geometrically designed high-frequency carbon reactor alternatively usable as a boiler (HFCR) thus eliminates the RF reactor resulting technical problems, and can be due to its geometric design visually appealing, and moderately favorable position, in a z. B. existing boiler room to be installed.

Thus, with the HFCR, the safe and reliable use of a plant for combined heat and power in a low energy range of 5 kW electrical to 10 kW electrical given. Since there are no comparable facilities in this area of performance, but there is a need for such a facility, a large market can be considered both in the rural area, but also in the area of eg. B. Detached houses, commercial enterprises u. Ä. Are assumed.

The intention of the development is to make available a small powerful regenerative power generation plant, not for the purpose of commercial reimbursement, but to save energy costs for the operator of an HFCR. It also proves advantageous that the use of the HFCR makes it possible to operate many small decentralized combined heat and power plants without the risk of grid overload.

The preferred frequency of the HFCR used in the magnetron applications is 2.45 GHz, which does not require the approval of the Federal Network Agency.

2.45 GHz magnetrons are commercially available in series for microwave ovens, and thus reasonably priced.

The preferred microwave power of the magnetron is between 900 watts and 1000 watts.

The design of the high voltage part of the magnetron, as well as the electronic circuits, are based on the prior art, and are also available at low cost on the market.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Magnetron

2

Gasdicht verschließbare Klappe zum Befüllen

4

Primärluftzufuhr

5

Gasdichte Revisionsklappe zur Ascheentleerung

8

Deckplatte des rechteckigen Grundkörpers

9

Trockenbereich des Brennstoffes

10

Pyrolyse und Verschwelbereich des Brennstoffes

11

Nach innen geneigte Schamottschicht mit Primärluftöffnungen

12

Hohlleiter beinhaltendes Hohlleitergehäuse

13

Zwischenwand zwischen Brennstoffbevorratung und Hohlleiterraum

14

Hintere Wand des Hohlleiterraumes

15

Vordere Wand des Gasausgangsraumes

16

Rückwand des geometrischen Grundkörpers

17

Oxidationsbereich

18

Rost

19

Sammelraum für mineralische Asche

Indices-Liste, Fig. 2, Hohlleitergehäuse des HFCR

21

Deckel

22

Stirnseite

22

Seitenwand des Hohlleiters

24

Reflektor

25

Hohlleiter Ausgang

26

Glimmerplatte

Indices-Liste, Fig. 3, Innere Bereiche des HFCRWärmetauscher aus Gründen der Übersichtlichkeit nicht eingezeichnet, siehe hierzu Fig. 5

27

Trocknen bei ca. 80°C bis ca. 220°C

28

Absaugen von Wasser

29

Beginn Pyrolyse bei ca. 220°C

30

Abfuhr von CO, CO₂, CH₄, H, O₂, H₂O, C₂H₄, C_nH_m, PAK, u. a.

31

Verschwelen und verkohlen bei 260°C bis 750°C

32

Zufuhr von Primärluft

33

Aufkracken von C_nH_m, PAK, Thermolyse von H₂O, Vergasen von C

35

Mineralische Asche

36

Mikrowellenausbreitung nach unten

37

Thermisch isolierender Totraum

38

Mikrowellenausbreitung in den Oxidationsbereich

39

Brenngas bestehend aus überwiegend CO, CO₂, CH₄, H, O₂, H₂O

40

Aufsteigendes CO₂ in den Oxidationsbereich

Indices-Liste, Fig. 4, Thermische Bereiche des HFCRWärmetauscher aus Gründen der Übersichtlichkeit nicht eingezeichnet, siehe hierzu Fig. 5

41

Ca. 80°C

42

ca. 150°C

43

ca. 230°C

44

ca. 750°C bis ca. 800°C

45

ca. 850°C

46

ca. 1400°C

Indices-Liste, Fig. 5, Wärmetauscher im HFCR

6

Kaltwasser Eingang

7

Kaltwasser Ausgang

48

Rohrbündelwärmetauscher

Indices-Liste, Fig. 6, Äußeres Gehäuse des HFCR

1

Abdeckung für Magnetron

2

Gasdichte Befüllklappe für Brennstoff

3

Vordere Stirnwand

4

Gehäuse für Lüfter und Drossel der Primärluftzufuhr

5

Revisionsklappe für die Ascheentleerung

6

Kaltwassereingang

7

Kaltwasserausgang

Indices list, Fig. 1, internal structure of the HFCR heat exchanger not shown for reasons of clarity, see Fig. 5

1

magnetron

2

Gas-tight closable flap for filling

4

Primary air supply

5

Gas-tight inspection flap for emptying the ash

8th

Cover plate of the rectangular base body

9

Dry area of the fuel

10

Pyrolysis and Verschwelbereich of the fuel

11

Inwardly inclined firebrick layer with primary air openings

12

Waveguide containing waveguide housing

13

Intermediate wall between fuel storage and waveguide space

14

Rear wall of the waveguide room

15

Front wall of the gas exit room

16

Back wall of the geometric base

17

oxidation region

18

rust

19

Collection room for mineral ash

Indices list, Fig. 2, waveguide housing of the HFCR

21

cover

22

front

22

Sidewall of the waveguide

24

reflector

25

Waveguide output

26

mica plate

Indices list, Fig. 3, inner portions of the HFCR heat exchanger for reasons of clarity not shown, see Fig. 5

27

Dry at about 80 ° C to about 220 ° C

28

Sucking off water

29

Start pyrolysis at about 220 ° C

30

Removal of CO, CO ₂ , CH ₄ , H, O ₂ , H ₂ O, C ₂ H ₄ , C _n H _m , PAH, et al

31

Smolder and char at 260 ° C to 750 ° C

32

Supply of primary air

33

Cracking of C _n H _m , PAH, thermolysis of H ₂ O, gasification of C

35

Mineral ash

36

Microwave propagation down

37

Thermally insulating dead space

38

Microwave propagation into the oxidation region

39

Fuel gas consisting mainly CO, CO ₂ , CH ₄ , H, O ₂ , H ₂ O.

40

Ascending CO ₂ in the oxidation region

Indices list, Fig. 4, thermal areas of the HFCR heat exchanger not shown for reasons of clarity, see Fig. 5

41

Approximately 80 ° C

42

about 150 ° C

43

about 230 ° C

44

about 750 ° C to about 800 ° C

45

about 850 ° C

46

about 1400 ° C

Indices list, Fig. 5, heat exchanger in the HFCR

6

Cold water entrance

7

Cold water outlet

48

Tube heat exchanger

Indices List, Fig. 6, Outer housing of the HFCR

1

Cover for magnetron

2

Gas-tight filler flap for fuel

3

Front end wall

4

Housing for fan and throttle of the primary air supply

5

Inspection flap for ash emptying

6

Cold water inlet

7

Cold water output

Claims (14)

High-frequency carbon reactor alternatively usable as a boiler (HFCR), characterized in that it is composed in the structure of a rectangular base body, wherein the upper front end face is inclined inwards. Furthermore, the rectangular base body is equipped with a plurality of inner partition walls, which divides the interior of the rectangular base body into a plurality of individual spaces, these intermediate walls are welded tightly to the cover plate and the side walls of the rectangular base body, but are connected to each other open at the bottom. In this case, the partitions divide the inner space of the rectangular base body into a storage space for the fuel, a space for accommodating a device transporting the microwaves, a dead space, and a space above the gases arising in the interior of the geometric base body in the upper area of the Rear wall of the geometric base located opening can be sucked. Between the inner intermediate wall of the space through which the gas is sucked off, and the one intermediate wall of the space in which the device for transporting the microwaves, a dead space is the direct heat transfer from the gas outlet space in the space containing the microwave transporting device, prevented. In the further internal structure, the inwardly inclined end plate merges into a straight section, which is provided with a plurality of bores as a primary air supply, with behind this straight section a several centimeters thick fireclay layer connects, located between the inner side of the straight section and the interior of the rectangular base body is located. At the locations of the bores for the primary air supply in the straight section this fireclay layer is provided with circular cavities, so that primary air can enter from the outside through the bores of the straight section and the fireclay layer into the interior of the geometric base body, which is the interior of the rectangular base body located Schamottseite inclined inwards as an inclined plane is formed. Inside the rectangular base body there are two thermally resistant gratings, which are located longitudinally between the lower inner side of the fireclay layer and the inner side of the rear wall of the geometric base body. The two grates are each as wide as the distance between the inner sides of the side walls of the rectangular base body. Below the two grates is a space for collecting ash, which is connected at the front end with a gas-tight lockable inspection opening ( 1 internal structure of the HFCR). High-frequency carbon reactor alternatively usable as a boiler (HFCR) according to claim 1, characterized in that via an opening in the cover plate of the rectangular base body, which is located directly above the storage space for fuel, suitable fuel can be introduced into the storage space ( 1 Internal structure of the HFCR). High-frequency carbon reactor alternatively usable as a boiler (HFCR) according to claim 1, characterized in that in the space for receiving the microwave transporting device, the waveguide-containing waveguide housing is inserted, said hanging freely over a flange, through a corresponding opening in the cover plate, gas-tight from above with the cover plate is screwed, without coming into contact with other fittings of the HFCR ( 1 Internal structure of the HFCR). High-frequency carbon reactor alternatively usable as a boiler (HFCR) according to claim 1 and claim 3, characterized in that the waveguide housing containing waveguide housing consists of two projecting end faces, which are interconnected via two side walls in such a way that there is a space formed therefrom with a rectangular cross-section whose inner length on the front side gives 8 cm and the inner width 4 cm. As a result, the two end faces of the waveguide housing are 4 cm apart. In the further structure of the end faces and side lengths in the inner resulting rectangular space is exactly centered under a rectangular opening in the same size cover plate of the waveguide housing and fixed so that the rectangular cavity of end faces and side walls directly under the same large rectangular opening in Lid is located. At the other end of the waveguide housing is a rectangular termination of the inside of the geometry of the waveguide is located at a distance of 4 mm from the end of the rectangular cavity of the waveguide housing is mounted, and in the mating recesses in the end faces of a mica plate is inserted. The thus resulting non-gas-tight closure of the rectangular cavity in the waveguide housing protects the interior of the Waveguide before the occurrence of coarse dirt, the mica plate for microwave radiation is continuous. All of the waveguide-containing parts of the waveguide housing are made of stainless steel and are connected to protect against welding distortion only by points, but not through solid welds. Advantageously, thereby the interior of the waveguide housing is vented to the environment, so that there is no resulting in temperature changes pressure differences. Due to the shape as a hanging construction which comes with no side and intermediate walls of the HFCR in contact, stresses caused by thermally expanding or contracting components of the HFCR to the waveguide housing effectively prevented. Furthermore, the waveguide housing is reliably and safely protected from torsion and similar state changes by its solid construction, in particular by the bulging end faces ( 2 Construction of the waveguide housing containing the waveguide) High-frequency carbon reactor alternatively usable as a boiler (HFCR) according to one of the above claims, characterized in that it comes after switching on the microwaves generating magnetron, and supply of primary air to an ignition of the located in the oxidation region and thus in the effective range of the waveguide leaving microwave fuel , As a result, ignition of the fuel is always safe and reliable to accomplish. Hochfrequenzcarbonreaktor alternatively usable as a boiler (HFCR) according to one of the above claims, characterized in that after ignition of the oxidation region and radiation from the waveguide leaving the microwaves, these enter about 7 cm deep in the oxidation region and heat up to 1400 ° C ( 4 Temperature ranges of the HFCR). Hochfrequenzcarbonreaktor alternatively usable as a boiler (HFCR) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comes in gasogenic reactions in substoichiometric oxygen supply in the oxidation region, wherein at a temperature of 1400 ° C according to the Boudouar equilibrium reactions carbon is gasified to mainly combustible carbon monoxide ( 3 Inner areas of the HFCR, 4 Temperature ranges of the HFCR) Hochfrequenzcarbonreaktor alternatively usable as a boiler (HFCR) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that by heating in the Brennstoffbeforratungsraum, the fuel dried, subjected to pyrolysis and finally carbonized to charcoal, wherein the carbon content of this charcoal is gasified in the oxidation region. By the inwardly inclined end face of the rectangular base body and the likewise inclined side of the fireclay layer, in the form of an inclined plane, in this case a safe downward sliding of the fuel is ensured. ( 1 Internal structure of the HFCR, 3 Inner areas of the HFCR). Hochfrequenzcarbonreaktor alternatively usable as a boiler (HFCR) according to one of the above claims, characterized in that in the pyrolysis and charring of the fuel resulting polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) are forced by the predetermined flow direction to traverse the hot oxidation region, wherein the PAH be thermally cracked at 1400 ° C in predominantly combustible carbon monoxide. The forced flow direction results from the fact that by sucking out gases through the opening in the rear wall of the geometric base of the HFCR a constant negative pressure is given ( 3 Inner areas of the HFCR). High-frequency carbon reactor alternatively usable as a boiler (HFCR) according to one of the above claims, characterized in that instead of a grate in the oxidation region two grates are used, which tend less to thermal deformation when heated than a single long grate, and where they lie against each other be supported by an additional bridge. Advantageously, the lifting of two lighter, short racks, instead of a heavy, long and bulky grate, facilitates the cleaning of the interior of the HFCR at revision ( 1 Inner structure of the HFCR. Hochfrequenzcarbonreaktor alternatively usable as a boiler (HFCR) according to one of the above claims, characterized in that after the gasification remaining mineral ash and small glowing pieces of charcoal collect through the grates in an ashes below it, with small pieces of charcoal ausglühen there and this for the gasification of Carbon required gasification provide carbon dioxide in the oxidation region, wherein the carbon dioxide is sucked by the pressure prevailing in the HFCR in the located above the ash compartment oxidation region ( 3 Inner areas of the HFCR). High-frequency carbon reactor alternatively usable as a heating boiler (HFCR) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that there is a heat exchanger in the gas outlet space, via which warm water can be produced by heat extraction from the fuel gas ( 5 Heat exchanger in HFCR) Hochfrequenzcarbonreaktor alternatively usable as a boiler (HFCR) according to one of the above claims, characterized in that the HFCR is also available as pure z. B. log firewood hot water generator can be used, in which the heat extraction takes place on the heat transfer medium in the heat exchanger from the hot flue gases. Depending on the solid fuel used, the required primary air quantity can be regulated via an air throttle and a fan in front of the primary air openings ( 1 Internal structure of the HFCR). High-frequency carbon reactor alternatively usable as a boiler (HFCR) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rectangular base body is a second housing in such a way that between this outer housing and the inner rectangular base body is a thermal insulator ( 6 Outer housing of the HFCR).

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