DE202011005094U1 - Drive system for a gate - Google Patents

Abstract

Drive system (1) for a gate, with a motor driving the gate (6), which is operable in two directions depending on the polarity of a supply voltage, wherein in a first direction of the motor (6) the door is opened and in a second direction of the Motor (6) the gate is closed, and wherein for setting the end positions of the gate limit switch (8) are provided, characterized in that an evaluation (11) is provided, which controls a circuit breaker, by means of which the motor (6) for both Running directions can be activated, and that the signals of the limit switch (8) are read into the transmitter (11), wherein in the transmitter (11) on detection of an end position based on the signals of a limit switch (8) off the motor (6) via the circuit breaker becomes.

Description

The invention relates to a drive system for a gate.

Such drive systems are generally used to operate a gate, in particular a garage door, a hinged door or a sliding gate, that is to move into a closed position or an open position. For this purpose, the drive system has a motor, in particular an electric motor, with which the door can be moved. In the case of a garage door, for example, the motor is housed in a carriage which is connected to the gate and movable on a rail. The motor is controlled by a stationary control and supplied with a supply voltage. The running direction of the motor is determined by the polarity of the supply voltage, which is determined by the controller. Depending on the direction of the motor, the door is opened or closed.

The gate is moved between two end positions, that is to say the closing and opening position, these end positions being predetermined by limit switches. These two limit switches are integrated in a motor circuit, so that switching the motor circuit can be done by pressing the limit switch. In the case of mechanical limit switches, such as switching cam or slide switch, there is a direct switching of the motor circuit. In the case of the formation of the limit switch as a relay contacts an indirect switching of the motor circuit, for example by reed contacts or Hall sensors.

As switching elements, two power switches are provided in the motor circuit, wherein a circuit breaker is provided for each direction of the motor. The controller determines by the polarity of the supply voltage, the direction of the motor, for which purpose the circuit breakers are connected accordingly. Furthermore, the end position detection takes place in the control by means of a current measurement. In fact, when a limit switch is switched, there is a drop in the motor current, which is detected in the controller.

In the motor circuit two diodes are further provided, each associated with a diode a limit switch and a circuit breaker. These diodes are needed to allow the motor to be started from an end position because without the diodes, the motor circuit could not be closed due to the actuation of a limit switch.

A disadvantage of such circuits is on the one hand, the relatively high circuit complexity, due to the two circuit breakers and diodes in the motor circuit.

Furthermore, in such circuits no sufficient self-locking of the motor is ensured in one of the end positions. Such self-locking is required to keep the door safely in its closed or open position. To increase this self-locking, the motor is shorted when it is switched off via the controller. However, due to the diodes present in the motor circuits, the short circuit is not optimal, which leads to a non-optimal self-locking.

Another disadvantage is that only a brief drop in the motor current is caused by the switching of the limit switch, since, for example, a limit switch in the form of a reed switch with two switching points, especially at higher speeds of the gate when opening the end position opens only briefly and then immediately closes again. This can cause the motor to overrun an end position.

The invention has for its object to provide a safe and reliable operating drive system for a goal with little design effort.

To solve this problem, the features of claim 1 are provided. Advantageous embodiments and expedient developments of the invention are described in the subclaims.

The drive system for a gate according to the invention comprises a motor driving the gate, which is operable in two directions of travel as a function of the polarity of a supply voltage. In a first direction of the engine, the gate is opened and closed in a second direction of the engine. Limit switches are provided for specifying end positions of the door. An evaluation is provided, which controls a circuit breaker, by means of which the motor can be activated for both directions. The signals of the limit switches are read into the evaluation electronics. In the evaluation electronics, when an end position is detected using the signals of a limit switch, the motor is switched off via the circuit breaker.

An essential advantage of the invention is that only one circuit breaker is required in the circuit arrangement for controlling the motor. Compared to known systems, which work with two circuit breakers, thus a reduction of the circuit complexity is achieved. In addition, a smaller design of the circuit arrangement can be achieved thereby. Furthermore, this is the reliability of the drive system increases because with a circuit breaker only a preferably mechanically switching element is needed.

In the drive system according to the invention, the specification of the direction of rotation of the motor via an optionally remote from the motor and the motor drive control takes place, by specifying the polarity of the two terminals provided supply voltage. The transmitter then activates the circuit breaker to allow the motor to run in the desired direction. Since the circuit breaker generally forms a mechanical switching element, this switches regardless of the polarity of the supply voltage, which is necessary for the fact that only a single circuit breaker is provided for switching the motor in both directions.

Another essential advantage of the invention is that the circuit arrangement for controlling the motor operation with the transmitter, the only one circuit breaker and the limit switches is designed so that no active components such as diodes are needed to after retraction of the gate in a by a limit switch Defined end position to accomplish a restart of the engine can. This, on the one hand, further reduces the circuit complexity. On the other hand, is achieved by the absence of diodes, that after retraction of the motor in an end position of this motor by the circuit breaker directly, that can be shorted without intervening diodes. As a result, an ideal self-locking of the motor is achieved by which the gate is held securely in the desired end position. As a result, the reliability of the drive system is significantly increased.

The circuit breaker consists of a mechanical switching element, which is designed in the simplest case of a relay or, if no special requirements are placed on the requirements of the self-locking of the motor, as normally open.

Particularly advantageously, the circuit breaker is designed as a changeover contact. This changeover contact ensures, especially if this is placed as directly as possible on the engine, an ideal short-circuiting of the motor after entering an end position and thus a perfect self-locking of the motor.

According to a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, an edge detection of the signals of the limit switches takes place in the evaluation electronics. Upon detection of a first edge of the signal of a limit switch, the transmitter shuts off the motor.

This results in a reliable detection of the end positions defined by the limit switch, that is, even at high speeds a dangerous driving over the limit switch is avoided.

According to an advantageous embodiment, a direction detection circuit is connected to the evaluation, by means of which the currently predetermined direction of the motor is detected. In the transmitter, a start of the motor in a wrong direction is prevented based on the signals generated in the direction detection circuit.

For a further reliability of the drive system is achieved. This reliability can be further increased by the fact that only the signals of the limit switch, which is associated with the detected direction of the running direction detection circuit running direction are evaluated in response to the signals of the direction detection circuit in the transmitter.

The drive system according to the invention can be used for gates of different training. In particular, the door can be designed as a garage door, hinged door or sliding gate.

The invention will be explained below with reference to the drawings. Show it.

1 : Schematic representation of a drive system for a garage door.

2 : Circuit arrangement of the drive system according to 1 ,

1 schematically shows an embodiment of the drive system according to the invention 1 for a gate, this door in the present case a garage door 2 is. The garage door 2 can by means of the drive system 1 be moved between a closed position and an open position. 1 shows the garage door 2 in its closed position in which it closes a door opening of the garage lying in a vertical plane. In its open position lies the garage door 2 in the area of the ceiling of the garage, so that the door opening is open.

To move the garage door 2 this is with a push rod 3 or the like with a carriage 4 connected, along a rail 5 can be moved in the ceiling area of the garage. In the sledge 4 this is an engine 6 integrated. This drives, for example, an unillustrated gear, which engages with one in the rail 5 extending chain is. The supply voltage for the motor 6 is arranged over a stationary control 7 the engine 6 supplied, for example via the rail 5 and chain as power supply means.

In the rail 5 are still two limit switches 8th placed, which are the end positions of the carriage 4 and thus the garage door 2 , That is, set the closing and opening position. Reach the sled 4 with the engine 6 one of the limit switches 8th so this turns, causing the engine 6 is stopped. The limit switches 8th can as a mechanical limit switch 8th be designed as reed contacts or as Hall sensors.

2 shows the circuit arrangement 9 for controlling the motor 6 for the drive system 1 according to 1 , The motor 6 is formed by an electric motor, in the present case by a DC motor. The provision of the supply voltage for the circuit arrangement 9 and the engine 6 done via the in 2 not shown control 7 , The supply voltage is connected to two terminals 10a . 10b made available. Depending on the polarity of the supply voltage at the two terminals 10a . 10b becomes the engine 6 operated in a certain direction. Is at the terminal 10a a positive and at a pinch 10b a negative potential, becomes the engine 6 in a first direction, for example, to open the gate operated. In reverse polarity of the supply voltage at the terminals 10a . 10b becomes the engine 6 operated in an opposite, second direction, for example, to close the gate.

How out 2 can be seen, the circuit arrangement 9 an evaluation 11 on, which is formed by a microprocessor or the like. The of the two limit switches 8th Generated signals are sent to inputs of the transmitter 11 read in, so this in the transmitter 11 can be evaluated.

To the transmitter 11 is a direction detection circuit 12 connected. The direction detection circuit 12 may be a discretely constructed circuit. With the direction detection circuit 12 The direction of rotation is the polarity of the supply voltage and thus the direction of the motor 6 detected.

Furthermore, there is a power supply 13 provided, which is fed by the supply voltage and the components of the circuit arrangement 9 as well as the engine 6 powered.

Schließich is as another part of the circuit 9 a single circuit breaker for switching the motor on and off 6 intended. In the present case, the circuit breaker is designed as a changeover contact. The changeover contact is provided by the evaluation electronics 11 controlled. It has three connections. With a first connection, the so-called "common" (in 2 labeled C), the changeover contact is to the motor 6 connected. Furthermore, as two further connections, the so-called "normally open" (in 2 denoted by NO) and the so-called "normally closed" (in 2 denoted by NC). In 2 the change-over contact is in the "normally closed" switch position. Regardless of the polarity of the supply voltage is thus by the changeover contact the motor 6 switched off and at the same time short-circuited. As in the circuit 9 no active components such as diodes are present and advantageous the changeover contact very close to the engine 6 (Without interposition of other circuit components) is arranged, in the switch position "normally closed" an ideal short circuit of the engine 6 and thus get a very good self-inhibition.

Will the changeover contact from the transmitter 11 switched to the switch position "normally open", the engine is 6 activated. Then the engine is running 6 in the running direction, by the controller 7 is predetermined by the polarity of the supply voltage. Depending on the direction of the engine 6 then takes place opening or closing the garage door 2 ,

The process of the gate takes place until the carriage 4 with the engine 6 a limit switch 8th reached. The limit switch 8th then generates a signal, in particular a pulse-shaped signal, in the evaluation 11 is read. There, not the entire waveform is evaluated, but only the first edge of the limit switch 8th generated pulse-shaped signal. This edge detection takes place in the evaluation 11 safe and reliable and also independent of whether the door in normal operation is slowly approaching the end position or whether, for example, after an emergency unlocking of the door this quickly and unrestrained introduces the end position. Will then be in the transmitter 11 such a signal of a limit switch 8th detected, the changeover contact is set to "normally closed", causing the motor 6 is switched off and by the short circuit and thereby ideal self-locking is also kept safe.

In order to avoid faulty circuits, takes place in the transmitter 11 a control operation such that always only the signals of the limit switch 8th be evaluated, the current direction of the engine 6 assigned. So possibly faulty signals of the other limit switch 8th not lead to malfunction.

With the direction detection circuit 12 Finally, there is a check that after a stop of the engine 6 This starts in the right direction. For this purpose, based on the polarity of the supply voltage for the engine 6 intended direction detected and to the transmitter 11 reported. Detects the transmitter 11 that the running direction for the engine 6 is correct, gives the transmitter 11 the start of the engine 6 free. In the other case, it locks the start of the engine 6 ,

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

drive system

2

garage

3

pushrod

4

carriage

5

rail

6

engine

7

control

8th

limit switch

9

circuitry

10a

clamp

10b

clamp

11

evaluation

12

Direction detection circuit

13

power supply

Claims (15)

Drive system ( 1 ) for a goal, with a motor driving the gate ( 6 ) which is operable in two directions depending on the polarity of a supply voltage, wherein in a first running direction of the motor ( 6 ) opened the door and in a second direction of the engine ( 6 ) the gate is closed, and wherein for the specification of end positions of the gate limit switch ( 8th ) are provided, characterized in that an evaluation ( 11 ) is provided, which controls a circuit breaker, by means of which the motor ( 6 ) can be activated for both directions of travel, and that the signals of the limit switches ( 8th ) into the evaluation electronics ( 11 ), whereby in the evaluation electronics ( 11 ) when an end position is detected on the basis of the signals of a limit switch ( 8th ) the motor ( 6 ) is switched off via the circuit breaker. Drive system according to Claim 1, characterized in that in the evaluation electronics ( 11 ) an edge detection of the signals of the limit switches ( 8th ), wherein upon detection of a first edge of the signal of a limit switch ( 8th ) the evaluation electronics ( 11 ) the engine ( 6 ) turns off. Drive system according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the evaluation electronics ( 11 ) a running direction detection circuit ( 12 ) is connected, by means of which the currently predetermined direction of the engine ( 6 ) is detected. Drive system according to Claim 3, characterized in that in the evaluation electronics ( 11 ) on the basis of the in the running direction detection circuit ( 12 ) generated signals a start of the engine ( 6 ) is prevented in a wrong direction. Drive system according to one of claims 3 or 4, characterized in that in dependence of the signals of the running direction detection circuit ( 12 ) in the transmitter ( 11 ) only the signals of the limit switch ( 8th ), which is the one with the running direction detection circuit ( 12 ) is assigned detected running direction. Drive system according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the circuit breaker is designed as a changeover contact. Drive system according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that when the circuit breaker is closed, the motor ( 6 ), resulting in an improved self-locking of the motor ( 6 ) is achieved. Drive system according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the limit switches ( 8th ) as mechanical limit switches ( 8th ) or are designed as reed contacts or as Hall sensors. Drive system according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the engine ( 6 ) is an electric motor, in particular a DC motor. Drive system according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the supply voltage is provided by a controller. Drive system according to claim 10, characterized in that the supply voltage to two terminals ( 10a . 10b ), whereby the polarity of the voltages at the terminals ( 10a . 10b ) the direction of the engine ( 6 ) is determined. Drive system according to claim 11, characterized in that by means of the running direction detection circuit ( 12 ) the polarity of the voltages at the terminals ( 10a . 10b ) is detected. Drive system according to one of claims 10 to 13, characterized in that with the supply voltage, the evaluation electronics ( 11 ), the running direction detection circuit ( 12 ) and the circuit breaker are supplied with power. Drive system according to one of Claims 3 to 13, characterized in that the evaluation electronics ( 11 ), the running direction detection circuit ( 12 ) and the circuit breaker component a circuit arrangement ( 9 ), which are the engine ( 6 ) is spatially closely associated. Drive system according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the gate is a garage door ( 2 ), a hinged gate or a sliding gate.

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