DE202011002713U1 - Biodegradable medical coating and its use - Google Patents

Abstract

A biodegradable shellac-based medical coating, characterized in that it is obtainable by reacting shellac or a shellac derivative, at least one Cg-Cig carboxylic acid and at least one dicarboxylic acid with acid catalysis and in which substances or derivatives are integrated or Be attached.

Description

The invention relates to a biodegradable medical coating based on shellac and substances or derivatives for medical implants and disposable medical products especially in Cardiovalscularen and cardiology area and uses thereof.

The implantation of vascular supports such as stents is nowadays a common surgical procedure for the treatment of stenosis. It is still a very common complication of the so-called restenosis (recurrent stenosis), d. H. the reclosure of the vessel after vasodilation. A precise conceptual description of restenosis can not be found in the literature. The most commonly used morphological definition of restenosis is that, following successful PTA (percutaneous transluminal angioplasty), sets restenosis as a reduction in vessel diameter to less than 50% of normal. This is an empirically determined value whose hemodynamic significance and relationship to the clinical symptoms are lacking a solid scientific basis. In practice, the clinical deterioration of a patient is often considered to be a sign of restenosis of the formerly treated vessel segment.

Restenosis after stenting is one of the main causes of hospitalization. The vascular injuries caused during implantation of the stent cause inflammatory reactions that play a crucial role in the healing process during the first seven days. Furthermore, it has also recently been found that stents provided with a drug-eluting coating can cause late thrombosis, i. H. besides the problem of restenosis, there is also a long-term problem, namely that of late thrombosis.

To avoid these problems, it is also possible to carry out a so-called "biological stenting" only by means of a coated catheter balloon and without a stent. H. to perform the vessel dilation at the narrowed site by dilatation of a coated catheter balloon, wherein during a short dilatation of the catheter balloon sufficient pharmacological agent is transferred to the vessel wall, that due to the vessel widening and the drug transfer re-narrowing or re-occlusion of the vessel is omitted.

Such coated catheter balloons are already off WO 2005/089855 A1 known and the international patent application WO 2004/028582 A1 discloses wrinkle balloons which are coated in particular in the folds with a composition of a pharmacological agent and a contrast agent.

A spray coating method for catheter balloons is known in WO 2004/006976 A1 described. Another application by means of coating of dimethyl sulfoxide and paclitaxel is in the application DE 102007003184 A1 described.

Since the drug paclitaxel has been found to be particularly suitable for the prevention of restenosis, in particular the European patent no. EP 0 706 376 B1 It can be seen, the object is to apply an active ingredient and in particular paclitaxel so on a medical expandable device that a coating is formed, which is easily and quickly detached from the expandable device or resorbed and / or transferred effectively to the vessel wall can.

This object is achieved by the technical teaching of the independent claims. Further advantageous embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims, the description and the examples.

Surprisingly, it has been found that the coating according to the invention is very well suited for ensuring rapid delivery of active substances from a coating of the surface of expandable device to tissue.

The invention is therefore an object of the invention to provide a biodegradable coating based on shellac, which in addition to good mechanical processability and retention of the benefits of natural shellac, such as biocompatibility, odorlessness and biodegradability by at least increased flexibility, increased adhesion Use as a coating at z. As PTCA catheters, fat and acid resistance and low water vapor permeability distinguished.

According to the invention this object is achieved with a generic coating for medical implants, which is obtainable by shellac or a shellac derivative, at least one Cg-Ci _Q carboxylic acid and at least one dicarboxylic acid are reacted with each other under acid catalysis.

As C _j -Ci carboxylic acid is preferably a saturated carboxylic acid, more preferably octanoic acid used.

The dicarboxylic acid used is preferably a saturated dicarboxylic acid, particularly preferably adipic acid.

As the catalyst, a carboxylic acid such as glacial acetic acid or a mineral acid such as sulfuric acid may be used.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention it is provided that shellac or shellac derivative on the one hand and C ₆ -C ₁₀ carboxylic acid (s) and dicarboxylic acid (s) on the other hand in a weight ratio of 20: 1 to 29: 5 are used.

The C _g -C ^ p carboxylic acid (s) and the dicarboxylic acid (s) are preferably used in a weight ratio of 1: 2 to 7: 1.

The invention further provides that chitosan or a chitosan derivative is used as a further component for the preparation of the coating according to the invention.

It is particularly preferred that an aqueous solution of 1 to 3 wt .-% chitosan and 1 to 3 wt .-% of acetic acid is used, wherein chitosan and acetic acid in a weight ratio of about 1: 1 to each other.

It is particularly preferred in this case for the aqueous solution of chitosan and acetic acid to be mixed in such a ratio that the weight ratio between shellac or shellac derivative and chitosan is from 20: 1 to 29: 5.

Furthermore, the invention provides that the coating also contains an additive to increase its flexibility, preferably a plasticizer, particularly preferably glycerol, which is contained in the most preferred embodiment in a proportion of 5 to 50 wt .-%, based on dry matter.

The invention also relates to the use of the material produced according to the invention as a coating material or mixing component for medical implants, in particular stents, PTCA catheters and vascular prostheses.

In an alternative, it is provided that the material can be present in liquid or dissolved form as a coating material.

In another alternative, it is provided that the material is used in liquid or dissolved form for the coating of likewise biodegradable support materials.

When using the coating material according to the invention, this is applied to the carrier material in a thickness of up to 0.1 μg / m 2, up to 1.0 g / m 2, preferably 0.5 μg / m ² .

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, prior to the application of the coating, a base coating which increases the adhesion of the coating is applied to the implant, preferably stent, PTCA catheter or vascular prosthesis, which particularly preferably comprises chitosan or a chitosan derivative.

When using such a base coating, it is preferably applied from an aqueous solution of chitosan or a chitosan derivative to the implant, preferably a stent, PTCA catheter or vascular prosthesis, an aqueous solution of chitosan and acetic acid being used as the particularly preferred solution. Particularly preferred is an aqueous solution of 0.1 to 7 wt .-% chitosan and 0.5 to 7 wt .-% acetic acid is applied to the support material, wherein chitosan and acetic acid in a weight ratio of about 1: 1 to each other.

Furthermore, the invention still provides that the coating of the biodegradable material is applied to the base coat as soon as it is sufficiently dried to allow a corresponding further coating order.

Finally, the invention still provides that the coating is mixed in liquid or dissolved form with other, also biodegradable materials and the mixture is then formed by casting, extrusion or the like to pipes or other products and z. B. can be cut to the stent by means of Co2 laser.

With the biodegradable medical coating according to the invention, all desired improvements in the material properties are achieved in comparison to previously conventional shellac-based medical coatings, as indicated above. The material according to the invention is outstandingly mechanically processable and heat-resistant as a coating to 200-220 ° C., suitable for microwave use, has outstanding long-term stability and has outstanding flexibility compared with all shellac materials known hitherto.

The coating according to the invention can therefore be used advantageously in many ways. One possibility is the use as a coating material (coating) for likewise biodegradable support materials, such as. Biodegradable polymers, magnesium alloys or starch-containing materials, wherein such a composite material excellent biodegradable implant, preferably stent can be used.

The starting materials used are largely commercial products. Without wishing to be _bound thereto, it is pointed out that the surprisingly superior product _{properties of} the modified shellac or shellac derivative are presumably based on the fact that, after the reaction under the stated conditions, the employed C ₆ -C _1fJ carboxylic acid partly as a crosslinking agent, in part but also acts as a plasticizer, and the dicarboxylic acid fulfills a pronounced crosslinking function. The advantageous properties of the material can be optimized by the addition of the optional further components and / or chitosan / chitosan derivative and / or plasticizers especially in view of the flexibility of the coating and the processability of the material out. It should be expressly emphasized that even with the biodegradable coating according to claim 1 excellent results compared to known materials can be achieved.

With regard to the primer coating preferably applied, it should be noted that this is not absolutely necessary, since already the material itself shows a good adhesion to all tested materials. In the case of stents, PTCA catheters or vascular prostheses which have a poor surface quality in which the surface is rough, however, the homogeneity of the coating with the coating according to the invention can be increased by applying the base coating provided according to the invention, wherein preferably also a base coat of one biodegradable material is used, as provided according to the invention with the particularly preferred layer of chitosanacetate. Although basically any other type of base coat may also serve the intended purpose, the chitosan acetate base coat employed in the present invention appears to be particularly advantageous in that coacervate formation between the coats is evident during use between the base coat and the actual coating layer the adhesion of the coating is improved.

The expandable devices according to the invention are preferably supporting prostheses for channel-like structures of an organism and, in particular, stents for blood vessels, urinary tract, respiratory tract, esophagus, biliary tract or the digestive tract. Again, stents for blood vessels or, more generally, for the cardiovascular system are preferred among these stents. Particularly preferred are stents with a wall thickness of 100 .mu.m-300 .mu.m, in particular with a wall thickness of 100 .mu.m. These are usually self-expanding or balloon-expandable stents. Furthermore, balloon catheters with an expandable balloon are preferred as expandable devices according to the invention. As a balloon catheter with expandable balloon any commercially available balloon catheter, which are suitable for vasodilation, can be used. Thus, it is preferred if the medical expandable device according to the invention is a catheter balloon or a stent. Furthermore, dilatable balloon catheters are preferred as expandable devices according to the invention, the catheter balloon being coated with these substances according to the invention. Especially preferred are PTCA balloons.

As pharmacologically active substances in the context of the invention, preference is given to antiproliferative, antimigrative, antiangiogenic, antiinflammatory, antiphlogistic, cytostatic, cytotoxic and / or antithrombotic active compounds, antirestenotic agents, corticoids, sex hormones, statins, epothilones, prostacyclins and angiogenesis inducers. Among these substances, in turn, the antiproliferative, anti-inflammatory, anti-inflammatory, cytostatic, cytotoxic and / or antithrombotic agents and anti-restenosis agents are preferred.

Examples of antiproliferative, antimigrative, antiangiogenic, antiinflammatory, antiphlogistic, cytostatic, cytotoxic and / or antithrombotic agents are: abciximab, acemetacin, acetylvismion B, aclarubicin, ademetionin, adriamycin, aescin, afromosone, akagerin, aldesleukin, amidorone, aminoglutethemide, amsacrine, anakinra , Anastrozole, anemonin, anopterin, antifungals, antithrombotics, apocymarin, argatroban, aristolactam AII, aristolochic acid, ascomycin, asparaginase, aspirin, atorvastatin, auranofin, azathioprine, azithromycin, baccatin, bafilomycin, basiliximab, bendamustine, benzocaine, berberine, betulin, betulinic acid , Bilobol, bisparthenolidine, bleomycin, bombrestatin, boswellic acids and their derivatives, bruceanols A, B and C, bryophyllin A, busulfan, antithrombin, bivalirudin, cadherins, camptothecin, capecitabine, o-carbamoylphenoxyacetic acid, carboplatin, carmustine, celecoxib, cepharantin, cerivastatin, CETP inhibitors, chlorambucil, chloroquine phosphate, cicto xin, ciprofloxacin, cisplatin, cladribine, clarithromycin, colchicine, concanamycin, coumadin, C-type natriuretic peptides (CNP), cudraisoflavone A, curcumin, cyclophosphamide, cyclosporin A, cytarabine, dacarbazine, daclizumab, dactinomycin, dapsone, daunorubicin, diclofenac, 1 , 11-dimethoxycanthin-6-one, docetaxel, doxorubicin, dunaimycin, epirubicin, epothilones A and B, erythromycin, estramustine, etoboside, Everolimus, filgrastim, fluroblastin, fluvastatin, fludarabine, fludarabine-5'-dihydrogenphosphate, fluorouracil, folimycin, fosfestrol, gemcitabine, ghalacinoside, ginkgol, ginkgolic acid, glycoside 1a, 4-hydroxyoxycyclophosphamide, idarubicin, ifosfamide, josamycin, lapachol, lomustine, lovastatin, Melphalan, Midecamycin, Mitoxantrone, Nimustin, Pitavastatin, Pravastatin, Procarbazine, Mitomycin, Methotrexate, Mercaptopurine, Thioguanine, Oxaliplatin, Irinotecan, Topotecan, Hydroxycarbamide, Miltefosine, Pentostatin, Pegasparase, Exemestane, Letrozole, Formestan, SMC Proliferation Inhibitor 2w, Mitoxanthrone, mycophenolate mofetil, c-myc antisense, b-myc antisense, β-lapachone, podophyllotoxin, podophyllic acid 2-ethyl hydrazide, molgramostim (rhuGM-CSF), peginterferon α-2b, lanograstim (r-HuG-CSF), macrogol , Selectin (cytokine antagonist), cytokine inhibitors, COX-2 inhibitor, NFkB, angiopeptin, monoclonal antibodies that inhibit muscle cell proliferation, bFGF antagonists, probucol, prostaglandins, 1-Hyd roxy-11-methoxycanthin-6-one, scopolectin, NO donors such as pentaerythrityl tetranitrate and syndnoeimines, S-nitrosated derivatives, tamoxifen, staurosporine, β-estradiol, α-estradiol, estriol, estrone, ethinylestradiol, medroxyprogesterone, estradiol cypionates, estradiol benzoates, tranilast, Kanebakaurin and other terpenoids used in cancer therapy, verapamil, tyrosine kinase inhibitors (tyrphostins), paclitaxel and its derivatives such as 6-α-hydroxy-paclitaxel, taxoters, carbon suboxide (MCS) and its macrocyclic oligomers, mofebutazone, lonazolac , Lidocaine, Ketoprofen, Mefenamic Acid, Piroxicam, Meloxicam, Penicillamine, Hydroxychloroquine, Sodium Aurothiomalate, Oxaceprol, β-Sitosterol, Myrtecain, Polidocanol, Nonivamid, Levomenthol, Ellipticin, D-24851 (Calbiochem), Colcemid, Cytochalasin AE, Indanocine, Nocadazole, S 100 protein, bacitracin, vitronectin receptor antagonist, azelastine, guanidyl cyclase stimulator, metalloproteinase 1 and 2 tissue inhibitor, free nucleic acid acids, nucleic acids incorporated in virus carriers, DNA and RNA fragments, plaque activator inhibitor-1, plasminogen activator inhibitor-2, antisense oligonucleotides, VEGF inhibitors, IGF-1, drugs from the group of antibiotics such as cefadroxil, cefazolin, Cefaclor, cefotixin, tobramycin, gentamycin, penicillins such as dicloxacillin, oxacillin, sulfonamides, metronidazole, enoxoparin, desulfated and N-reacetylated heparin, tissue plasminogen activator, GpIIb / IIIa platelet membrane receptor, factor Xa inhibitor antibody, heparin, hirudin, r Hirudin, PPACK, protamine, prourokinase, streptokinase, warfarin, urokinase, vasodilators such as dipyramidol, trapidil, nitroprussides, PDGF antagonists such as triazolopyrimidine and seramin, ACE inhibitors such as captopril, cilazapril, lisinopril, enalapril, losartan, thioprotease inhibitors, prostacyclin, vapiprost, Interferon α, β and γ, histamine antagonists, serotonin blockers, apoptosis inhibitors, Apoptoseregulatoren such as p65, NF-kB or Bcl-xL antisense oligonucleotides, halofuginone, nifedipine, tocopherol tranilast, molsidomine, tea polyphenols, epicatechingallate, epigallocatechin gallate, leflunomide, etanercept, sulfasalazine, etoposide, dicloxacylline, tetracycline, triamcinolone, mutamycin, procainimide, retinoic acid, quinidine, disopyrimide, flecainide, propafenone , Sotolol, natural and synthetically produced steroids such as inotodiol, maquiroside A, ghalakinoside, mansonin, strebloside, hydrocortisone, betamethasone, dexamethasone, nonsteroidal substances (NSAIDS) such as fenoporfen, ibuprofen, indomethacin, naproxen, phenylbutazone and other antiviral agents such as acyclovir, ganciclovir and Zidovudine, clotrimazole, flucytosine, griseofulvin, ketoconazole, miconazole, nystatin, terbinafine, antiprozoal agents such as chloroquine, mefloquine, quinine, and natural terpenoids such as hippocaesculin, barringtogenol-C21-lanthanum, 14-dehydroagrostistachine, agroscerin, agrostistachin, 17-hydroxyagrostistachine, Ovatodiolide, 4,7-oxycyc oanisomelic acid, baccharinoids B1, B2, B3 and B7, tubeimoside, bruceantinosides C, yadanziosides N, and P, isodeoxyelephantopin, tomenphantopin A and B, coronarin A, B, C and D, ursolic acid, hyptate acid A, iso-iridogermanal, maytenfoliol, effusantin A, Excisanin A and B, Longikaurin B, Sculponeatin C, Kamebaunin, Leukamenin A and B, 13,18-Dehydro-6-alpha-Senecioyloxychaparrin, Shellac, Taxamairin A and B, Regenilol, Triptolide, Cymarin, Hydroxyanopterin, Protoanemonin, Cheliburin chloride , Sinococulin A and B, dihydronitidine, nitidinium chloride, 12-bete-hydroxypregnadiene 3,20-dione, helenaline, indicin, indicin-N-oxide, lasiocarpine, inotodiol, podophyllotoxin, justicidin A and B, larreatin, malloterine, mallotochromanol, isobutyrylmallotochromanol, Maquiroside A, Marchantin A, Maytansin, Lycoridicin, Margetin, Pancratistatin, Liriodenin, Bispsrthenolidine, Oxoushinsunin, Periplocoside A, Ursolic Acid, Deoxypypsorospermine, Psycorubin, Ricin A, Sanguinarine, Manuwic Acid, Methylsorbifolin, Sphatheliach roms, Stizophyllin, Mansonin, Streblosid, Dihydrousambaraensin, Hydroxyusambarin, Strychnopentamine, Strychnophyllin, Usambarin, Usambarensin, Liriodenin, Oxoushinsunin, Daphnoretin, Lariciresinol, Methoxylariciresinol, Syringaresinol, Sirolimus (Rapamycin), Somatostatin, Tacrolimus, Roxithromycin, Troleandomycin, Simvastatin, Rosuvastatin, Vinblastine , Vincristine, Vindesine, Teniposide, Vinorelbine, Tropfosfamide, Treosulfan, Tremozolomide, Thiotepa, Tretinoin, Spiramycin, Umbelliferone, Desacetylvismion A, Vismion A and B and Zeorin. Herbal extracts have proven to be less suitable. Therefore, extracts from plants or fungi are rather excluded from the scope of the invention. Preference is given to using pure active ingredients.

Particularly preferred pharmacologically active substances are paclitaxel and its derivatives such as 6-α-hydroxy-paclitaxel or baccatin or other taxotere, sirolimus (rapamycin) and its derivatives such as Biolimus A9, myolimus, novolimus, Pimecrolimus, tacrolium, temsirolimus, zotarolimus, everolimus, ridaforolimus or other "limus" derivatives, erythromycin, midecamycin, josamycin and triazolopyrimidines.

Particularly preferred are rapamycin and paclitaxel (Taxol ^®) and all derivatives of paclitaxel such as 6-α-hydroxy-paclitaxel.

The term derivative denotes a derived substance of similar structure to a corresponding ground substance. Derivatives are substances whose molecules, instead of an H atom or a functional group, have a different atom or another functional group or in which one or more atoms / functional groups have been removed.

The at least one antiproliferative, antimigrative, antiangiogenic, cytotoxic or cytostatic agent may be derived from natural sources, but is preferably prepared semi-synthetically or synthetically. The active substances are used individually or combined in the same or different concentrations.

As a rule, an amount of from 0.5 μg to 50 μg of active ingredient per mm ^{2 of} surface area of the expandable device to be coated and preferably an amount of from 1 μg to 20 μg of active ingredient per mm ^{2 of} surface area of the expandable device to be coated is applied to the surface. Per device, preferably 10 to 1000 μg of active ingredient and particularly preferably 20 μg to 400 μg are applied per device.

To further illustrate the invention, two production examples for the biodegradable coating according to the invention are given below, which are selected from the abundance of the tested materials.

example 1

25 parts by weight of non-derivatized, commercial shellac is dissolved in 79 parts by weight of methanol. 1 part by weight of octanoic acid, 2 parts by weight of adipic acid, 1 part by weight of glacial acetic acid as catalyst and 2 parts by weight of gliadin sediment are added thereto. The mixture is first heated in a closed system at an upper pressure of about 1 bar at 105 ° C for about 2 h and then at 60 ° C without pressure for about 14 h.

The reaction mixture is then cooled to room temperature and applied to a PTCA catheter by a conventional coating technique at a level of 0.5 μg / m, which after curing of the coating, i. H. Evaporation of the solvent, subjected to appropriate quality tests, wherein the above-mentioned advantageous properties are found.

In a variant, before application of the coating, an aqueous solution containing 0.5% by weight of chitosan and 2% by weight of acetic acid is applied to the PTCA catheter balloon and this base coating is dried at room temperature or elevated temperature, whereupon the coating is as described above Way is applied to the base coat.

Example 2

25 parts by weight of non-derivatized, commercial shellac is dissolved in 80 parts by weight of methanol. 2 parts by weight of octanoic acid, 1.5 parts by weight of adipic acid, 1 part by weight of sulfuric acid as catalyst and 1 part by weight of gliadin sediment are added. Further reaction and processing are carried out as indicated in Example 1.

To increase the flexibility, in a further variant, after completion of the reaction and cooling of the reaction mixture to room temperature, 10% by weight of glycerol are added before the methanolic material solution is applied to the PTCA catheter balloon.

It should be noted that both the coating of Example 1 and the coating of Example 2 are readily suitable for making stents in the manner described above by any method.

The coating according to the invention fulfills all the requirements mentioned above in an outstanding manner. Particularly surprising is the high degree of flexibility and adhesion to the PTCA catheter balloon, as well as the high grease resistance, low water vapor permeability and excellent sterilizability.

The features of the invention disclosed in the foregoing description and in the claims may be essential both individually and in any combination for the realization of the invention in its various embodiments.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• WO 2005/089855 A1 [0005]
• WO 2004/028582 A1 [0005]
• WO 2004/006976 A1 [0006]
• DE 102007003184 A1 [0006]
• EP 706376 B [0007]

Claims (24)

A biodegradable shellac-based medical coating, characterized in that it is obtainable by reacting shellac or a shellac derivative, at least one Cg-Cig carboxylic acid and at least one dicarboxylic acid with acid catalysis and in which substances or derivatives are integrated or Be attached. Coating according to claim 1, characterized in that a saturated carboxylic acid is used as Cg-C _j g-carboxylic acid. Coating according to claim 2, characterized in that is used as the saturated C _g -C _1fj carboxylic acid octanoic acid. Coating according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a saturated dicarboxylic acid is used as the dicarboxylic acid. Coating according to claim 4, characterized in that adipic acid is used as the saturated dicarboxylic acid. Coating according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a carboxylic acid is used as the catalyst. Coating according to claim 6, characterized in that glacial acetic acid is used as the catalyst. Coating according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a mineral acid is used as the catalyst. Coating according to claim 8, characterized in that sulfuric acid is used as the catalyst. Coating according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that shellac or shellac derivative on the one hand and Cg-C ₁₀ carboxylic acid (s) and dicarboxylic acid (s) on the other hand in a weight ratio of 20: 1 to 29: 5 are used. Coating according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the Cg-C ₁₀ carboxylic acid (s) and the dicarboxylic acid (s) are used in a weight ratio of 0.5: 7 to 7: 0.5. Coating according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a cytostatic preferably paclitaxel is used or applied as a further component. Coating according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that chitosan or a chitosan derivative is used as a further component for its preparation. Material according to claim 13, characterized in that an aqueous solution of 0.5 to 7 wt .-% chitosan and 0.5 to 7 wt .-% of acetic acid is used, wherein chitosan and acetic acid in a weight ratio of about 1: 1 to each other stand. Coating according to claim 14, characterized in that the aqueous solution of chitosan and acetic acid is mixed in such a ratio that the weight ratio between shellac and shellac derivative and chitosan is from 20: 1 to 20: 5. Coating according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the material also contains an additive to increase its flexibility. Coating according to claim 16, characterized in that the coating contains a plasticizer. Coating according to claim 17, characterized in that the coating contains glycerol. Use of the biodegradable coating according to one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that stents, PTCA balloon catheters, balloons or vascular prostheses are coated therewith. Use of the coating, characterized in that the coating in liquid or dissolved form by casting, extruding or the like is formed into tubes. Use of the coating, characterized in that the coating is used in liquid or dissolved form for coating likewise biodegradable support materials. Use of the coating, characterized in that the coating is mixed or coated in liquid or dissolved form with other, likewise biodegradable materials. Use of the coating, characterized in that the coating material can be made into a stent and used as a resorbable stent. A medical expandable device according to any one of claims 1-22, wherein the at least one antiproliferative, antimigrative, antiangiogenic, cytotoxic or cytostatic agent is selected from the group consisting of or consisting of rapamycin (sirolimus), Biolimus A9, myolimus, novolimus, pimecrolimus, tacroliums, Temsirolimus, Zotarolimus, Everolimus, Ridaforolimus (Deforolimus, AP23573, MK-8669), Somatostatin, Roxithromycin, Dunaimycin, Ascomycin, Bafilomycin, Erythromycin, Midecamycin, Josamycin, Concanamycin, Clarithromycin, Troleandomycin, Folimycin, Cerivastatin, Simvastatin, Lovastatin, Fluvastatin, Rosuvastatin , Atorvastatin, pravastatin, pitavastatin, vinblastine, vincristine, vindesine, vinorelbine, etoboside, teniposide, nimustine, carmustine, lomustine, cyclophosphamide, 4-hydroxyoxycyclophosphamide, estramustine, melphalan, ifosfamide, tropfosfamide, chlorambucil, bendamustine, dacarbazine, busulfan, procarbazine, treosulfan , Tremozolomide, Thiotepa, Daunorubicin, Doxorubi cin, aclarubicin, epirubicin, mitoxantrone, idarubicin, bleomycin, mitomycin, dactinomycin, methotrexate, fludarabine, fludarabine-5, dihydrogenphosphate, cladribine, mercaptopurine, thioguanine, cytarabine, fluorouracil, gemcitabine, capecitabine, docetaxel, carboplatin, cisplatin, oxaliplatin, amsacrine , Irinotecan, topotecan, hydroxycarbamide, miltefosine, pentostatin, aldesleukin, tretinoin, asparaginase, pegasparase, anastrozole, exemestane, letrozole, formestane, aminoglutethemide, adriamycin, azithromycin, spiramycin, cepharantin, SMC proliferation inhibitor 2w, epothilones A and B, Mitoxanthrone, azathioprine, mycophenolate mofetil, c-myc antisense, b-myc antisense, betulinic acid, camptothecin, PI-88 (sulfated oligosaccharide), melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH), activated protein C, IL1-β inhibitor, Thymosin α-1, fumaric acid and its esters, calcipotriol, tacalcitol, lapachol, β-lapachone, podophyllotoxin, betulin, podophyllic acid 2-ethylhydrazide, molgramostim (rhuGM-CSF), peginterferon -2b, Lanograstim (r -HuG-CSF), filgrastim, macrogol, dacarbazine, basiliximab, daclizumab, selectin (cytokine antagonist), CETP inhibitor, cadherins, cytokine inhibitors, COX-2 inhibitor, NFkB, angiopeptin, ciprofloxacin, camptothecin, fluroblastin , monoclonal antibodies that inhibit muscle cell proliferation, bFGF antagonists, probucol, prostaglandins, 1,11-dimethoxycanthin-6-one, 1-hydroxy-11-methoxycanthin-6-one, scopolectin, colchicine, NO donors such as pentaerythrityl tetranitrate, and syndnoeimines , S-nitrosated derivatives, tamoxifen, staurosporine, β-estradiol, α-estradiol, estriol, estrone, ethinylestradiol, fosfestrol, medroxyprogesterone, estradiol cypionates, estradiol benzoates, tranilast, camebakaurin and other terpenoids used in cancer therapy, verapamil, tyrosine kinase Inhibitors (tyrphostins), cyclosporin A, paclitaxel and its derivatives such as 6-α-hydroxy-paclitaxel, baccatin, taxotere, synthetically prepared as well as macrocyclic oil obtained from native sources Carbonic acid oligomers (MCS) and its derivatives, mofebutazone, acemetacin, diclofenac, lonazolac, dapsone, o-carbamoylphenoxyacetic acid, lidocaine, ketoprofen, mefenamic acid, piroxicam, meloxicam, chloroquine phosphate, penicillamine, tumstatin, Avastin, D-24851, SC-58125, Hydroxychloroquine, Auranofin, Sodium Aurothiomalate, Oxaceprol, Celecoxib, β-Sitosterol, Ademetionin, Myrtecain, Polidocanol, Nonivamide, Levomenthol, Benzocaine, Aescin, Ellipticin, D-24851 (Calbiochem), Colcemid, Cytochalasin AE, Indanocine, Nocadazole, S 100 Protein, Bacitracin, vitronectin receptor antagonists, azelastine, guanidyl cyclase stimulator, metalloproteinase 1 and 2 tissue inhibitor, free nucleic acids, nucleic acids incorporated into virus carriers, DNA and RNA fragments, plaminogen activator inhibitor-1, plasminogen activator inhibitor-2, antisense Oligonucleotides, VEGF inhibitors, IGF-1, drugs from the group of antibiotics such as cefadroxil, cefazolin, cefaclor, cefotixin, tobramycin, gentamy cin, penicillins such as dicloxacillin, oxacillin, sulfonamides, metronidazole, antithrombotics such as argatroban, aspirin, abciximab, synthetic antithrombin, bivalirudin, coumadin, enoxoparin, desulfated and N-reacetylated heparin, tissue plasminogen activator, GPIIb / IIIa platelet membrane receptor, factor Xa Inhibitor antibodies, heparin, hirudin, r-hirudin, PPACK, protamine, sodium salt of 2-methylthiazolidine-2,4-dicarboxylic acid prourokinase, streptokinase, warfarin, urokinase, vasodilators such as dipyramidol, trapidil, nitroprusside, PDGF antagonists such as triazolopyrimidine and seramin , ACE inhibitors such as captopril, cilazapril, lisinopril, enalapril, losartan, thioprotease inhibitors, prostacyclin, vapiprost, interferon α, β and γ, histamine antagonists, serotonin blockers, apoptosis inhibitors, apoptosis regulators such as p65, NF-kB or Bcl-xL antisense oligonucleotides, Halofuginone, nifedipine, tocopherol, vitamins B1, B2, B6 and B12, folic acid, tranirast, molsidomine, tea polyphenols, Ep icedchin gallate, epigallocatechin gallate, boswellic acids and their derivatives, leflunomide, anakinra, etanercept, sulfasalazine, etoposide, dicloxacylline, tetracycline, triamcinolone, mutamycin, procainimide, D24851, SC-58125, retinoic acid, quinidine, disopyrimide, flecainide, propafenone, sotolol, amidorone, natural and synthetically produced steroids such as bryophyllin A, inotodiol, maquiroside A, ghalacinoside, mansonine, strebloside, hydrocortisone, betamethasone, dexamethasone, nonsteroidal substances (NSAIDS) such as fenoporfen, ibuprofen, indomethacin, naproxen, phenylbutazone and other antiviral agents such as acyclovir, ganciclovir and zidovudine , Antifungals such as clotrimazole, flucytosine, griseofulvin, ketoconazole, miconazole, nystatin, terbinafine, antiprozoal agents such as chloroquine, mefloquine, quinine, natural terpenoids such as hippocaesculin, barringtogenol C21 angelate, 14-dehydroagrostistachine, agroscerin, agroskin, agrostistachin, 17 Hydroxyagrostistachine, ovatodiolide, 4,7-O xycycloanisomic acid, baccharinoids B1, B2, B3 and B7, tubeimoside, bruceanols A, B and C, bruceantinosides C, yadanziosides N and P, isodeoxyelephantopin, tomenphantopin A and B, coronarine A, B, C and D, ursolic acid, hyptate acid A, zeorin, iso- Iridogermanal, Maytenfoliol, Effusantin A, Excisanin A and B, Longikaurin B, Sculponeatin C, Kamebaunin, Leukamenin A and B, 13,18-Dehydro-6-alpha-Senecioyloxychaparrin, Taxamairin A and B, Regenilol, Triptolide, Cymarin, Apocymarin, aristolochic acid, anopterin, hydroxyanopterin, anemonin, protoanemonin, berberine, cheliburine chloride, cictoxin, sinococulin, bombrestatin A and B, cudraisoflavone A, curcumin, dihydronitidine, nitidinium chloride, 12-beta-hydroxypregnadiene 3,20-dione, bilobol, ginkgol, ginkgolic acid , Helenalin, Indicin, Indicin-N-oxide, Lasiocarpine, Inotodiol, Glycoside 1a, Podophyllotoxin, Justicidin A and B, Larreatin, Malloterine, Mallotochromanol, Isobutyrylmallotochromanol, Maquiroside A, Marchantin A, Maytansin, Lycoridicin, Margetin, Pancratistatin, Liriodenin, Ox oushinsunin, aristolactam AII, bisparthenolidine, periplocoside A, ghalacinoside, ursolic acid, deoxypypsorospermine, psycorubin, ricin A, sanguinarine, manuwic acid, methylsorbifolin, sphatheliachromes, stizophyllin, mansonine, strebloside, akagerin, dihydrousambaraensin, hydroxyusambarin, strychnopentamine, strychnophyllin, usambarin, usambarensin, Berberine, Liriodenin, Oxoushinsunin, Daphnoretin, Lariciresinol, Methoxylariciresinol, Syringaresinol, Umbelliferone, Afromosone, Acetylvismion B, Desacetylvismion A, Vismion A and B and sulfur-containing amino acids such as cystine and salts and / or mixtures of the aforementioned active ingredients.