DE202011002194U1 - Drive module for motor vehicles with electric drive - Google Patents

Drive module for motor vehicles with electric drive Download PDF

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DE202011002194U1
DE202011002194U1 DE202011002194U DE202011002194U DE202011002194U1 DE 202011002194 U1 DE202011002194 U1 DE 202011002194U1 DE 202011002194 U DE202011002194 U DE 202011002194U DE 202011002194 U DE202011002194 U DE 202011002194U DE 202011002194 U1 DE202011002194 U1 DE 202011002194U1
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motor vehicle
housing
electric
motor
electric drive
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K7/00—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
    • B60K7/0007—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel the motor being electric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L1/00—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles
    • B60L1/003—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles to auxiliary motors, e.g. for pumps, compressors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
    • B60L15/20—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed
    • B60L15/2036—Electric differentials, e.g. for supporting steering vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • B60L3/003—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to inverters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • B60L3/0061—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electrical machines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/61—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles
    • B60L50/62—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles charged by low-power generators primarily intended to support the batteries, e.g. range extenders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
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    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • B60L58/26—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L7/00—Electrodynamic brake systems for vehicles in general
    • B60L7/10—Dynamic electric regenerative braking
    • B60L7/14—Dynamic electric regenerative braking for vehicles propelled by ac motors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/04—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
    • B60K17/043—Transmission unit disposed in on near the vehicle wheel, or between the differential gear unit and the wheel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K7/00—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
    • B60K2007/0046—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel the motor moving together with the vehicle body, i.e. moving independently from the wheel axle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K7/00—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
    • B60K2007/0061—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel the motor axle being parallel to the wheel axle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2220/00—Electrical machine types; Structures or applications thereof
    • B60L2220/40—Electrical machine applications
    • B60L2220/46—Wheel motors, i.e. motor connected to only one wheel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/10—Vehicle control parameters
    • B60L2240/36—Temperature of vehicle components or parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/42—Drive Train control parameters related to electric machines
    • B60L2240/421—Speed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/42—Drive Train control parameters related to electric machines
    • B60L2240/423—Torque
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2270/00—Problem solutions or means not otherwise provided for
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Abstract

Mehrachsiges Kraftfahrzeug mit elektrischem Antrieb mit mindestens einer Antriebsachse mit je Antriebsachse zwei angetrieben Rädern, gekennzeichnet dadurch, dass jedem angetriebenen Rad einer Antriebsachse mindestens ein Elektromotor, vorzugweise ein Getriebe und eine Gelenkwelle zugeordnet ist, jedes Rad auf der, der Fahrzeugmitte zugewandten Seite, angetrieben wird, der Elektromotor, das Getriebe und die Gelenkwelle vorzugsweise, wesentlich linienförmig quer zur Fahrzeuglängsachse angeordnet sind, mindestens die Motoren einer Antriebsachse in einem gemeinsamen, wesentlich geschlossenen Gehäuse angeordnet und befestigt sind und das Gehäuse vorzugsweise lösbar mit dem Kraftfahrzeug verbunden ist.Multi-axle motor vehicle with electric drive with at least one drive axle with each driven axle two driven wheels, characterized in that each driven wheel of a drive axle at least one electric motor, preferably a gear and a cardan shaft is associated, each wheel on the vehicle center side facing, is driven , The electric motor, the transmission and the propeller shaft are preferably arranged substantially linearly transversely to the vehicle longitudinal axis, at least the motors of a drive axle in a common, substantially closed housing are arranged and fixed and the housing is preferably detachably connected to the motor vehicle.

Figure 00000001
Figure 00000001

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Kraftfahrzeug mit Elektroantrieb, bei dem in einem gemeinsamen Gehäuse mindestens zwei Elektromotoren und deren Zubehör untergebracht sind.The invention relates to a motor vehicle with electric drive, in which at least two electric motors and their accessories are housed in a common housing.

STAND DER TECHNIKSTATE OF THE ART

Zunehmende Forderungen nach Fahrzeugen mit Elektroantrieb verlangen nach Entwicklungen zur Umrüstung oder Konzepten zur Neuausrüstung von Kraftfahrzeugen. Derzeitige Fahrzeugkonzepte sind nicht auf konsequente Ausnutzung, heute möglicher Elektromotorentechnologie, ausgelegt. Üblich sind Einmotorenkonzepte, mit einen Getriebe und einen Differenzial. Diese Lösung übernimmt dabei auch die Nachteile der größeren mechanischen Verluste. Ferner können hierbei auch die steuerungstechnischen Möglichkeiten, Stichwort „elektronisches Differzial” nicht genutzt werden. Die Nutzung von z. B. Torque Vectoring steht nicht im Vordergrund. Des Weiteren kann nicht die volle Bremsleistung zur Energierückgewinnung genutzt werden, wenn nur achsweise gebremst werden kann und nicht jedes Rad einzeln gebremst wird.Increasing demands for electric vehicles call for developments for retrofitting or concepts for re-equipping motor vehicles. Current vehicle concepts are not designed for consistent utilization, today possible electric motor technology. Common are single engine concepts, with a gearbox and a differential. This solution also takes on the disadvantages of greater mechanical losses. Furthermore, the control-technical possibilities, keyword "electronic differences" can not be used. The use of z. Torque vectoring is not the main focus. Furthermore, the full braking power can not be used for energy recovery, if only axle-wise can be braked and not every wheel is braked individually.

Bei einigen Lösungen wird der Elektroantrieb über Radnabenmotoren realisiert. Diese Motoren sind in den heute erhältlichen Varianten zwar leistungsstark und liefern die passende Ausgangsdrehzahl, führen jedoch durch ihr hohes Gewicht zu einer extremen Verschlechterung der ungefederten Massen.In some solutions, the electric drive is realized via wheel hub motors. Although these engines are powerful in the variants available today and deliver the right output speed, their high weight leads to extreme deterioration of the unsprung masses.

Aus den Patent „Autonomes Achsmodul für Kraftfahrzeuge” Patentnummer DE 10 2010 017 991.4 ist die Basis der radnah angeordneten Elektromotoren bekannt. Hier wird eine höhere Technikintensität umgesetzt, dies betrifft Technikkomponenten der Aufhängung, Lenkung, Federung, Dämpfung, welche mit einander kombiniert zur einem autonomen Achsmodul führt. Für eine optimale Umsetzung dieser Version eignet sich vorzugweise ein Elektrofahrzeug mit Viermotorenantrieb. Hier gibt es Unterschiede in der Art der Unterbringung/Befestigung der Motoren.From the patent "Autonomous axle module for motor vehicles" patent number DE 10 2010 017 991.4 is the basis of the radnah arranged electric motors known. Here, a higher technical intensity is implemented, this concerns technical components of the suspension, steering, suspension, damping, which combined with each other leads to an autonomous axle module. For optimal implementation of this version is preferably an electric vehicle with four-engine drive. Here there are differences in the type of accommodation / attachment of the engines.

Im Patent DE 44 21 425 C1 werden auch jeweils pro Achse 2 Elektromotoren, mit dazugehörigen Getrieben, verwendet. Diese werden in einem offenen Hilfsrahmen untergebracht. Die Elektromotoren sind dadurch der Witterung ausgesetzt und der Hilfsrahmen dient nicht zusätzlich zur Geräuschisolation. Weiterhin sind Unterbringung von Steuerungseinheiten mit Zubehör und/oder Range Extender nicht vorgesehen.In the patent DE 44 21 425 C1 are also each per axis 2 Electric motors, with associated gears, used. These are housed in an open subframe. The electric motors are exposed to the weather and the subframe is not used in addition to noise isolation. Furthermore, accommodation of control units with accessories and / or range extenders are not provided.

BESCHREIBUNGDESCRIPTION

Der im Patentanspruch 1 angegebenen Erfindung liegt das Problem zugrunde, das die mitgeführte Energie in den geeigneten Speichern sehr gering ist, deshalb muss die mechanische Verlustleistung minimiert werden, d. h. es soll auf möglichst viele mechanische Komponenten eines üblichen Antriebsstrangs verzichtet werden. Hier soll insbesondere auf das Differenzial verzichtet werden. Weiter müssen die benötigten Antriebseinheiten an den Fahrzeugchassis oder Achsmodul befestigt werden, wobei ein hoher Witterungsschutz gewährleistet und eine höchstmögliche Gewichtseinsparung durch ein selbsttragendes Gehäuse erreicht wird. Ein möglichst hoher Anteil der Bremsenergie soll in speicherbare elektrische Energie umgewandelt werden. Da hohe Ströme zwischen der Leistungselektronik, den Akkus und den Elektromotoren fließen, muss eine räumliche Nähe der Komponenten geschaffen werden. Diese Probleme sollen durch fahrzeugspezifische Herstellung des Gehäuses für viele Fahrzeugtypen/arten gelöst werden, ohne die Fahrdynamik zu verschlechtern.The specified in claim 1 invention is based on the problem that the entrained energy in the appropriate storage is very low, so the mechanical power loss must be minimized, d. H. It should be dispensed with as many mechanical components of a conventional drive train. Here should be dispensed in particular to the differential. Next, the required drive units must be attached to the vehicle chassis or axle module, with a high weather protection ensures and the highest possible weight savings is achieved by a self-supporting housing. The highest possible proportion of the braking energy is to be converted into storable electrical energy. Since high currents flow between the power electronics, the batteries and the electric motors, a spatial proximity of the components must be created. These problems are to be solved by vehicle-specific production of the housing for many vehicle types / types, without deteriorating the driving dynamics.

Diese Probleme werden durch die im Patentanpruch 1 aufgeführten Merkmale gelöst.These problems are solved by the features listed in patent claim 1.

Die mit der Erfindung erzielten Vorteile bestehen insbesondere darin, dass statt einen Einmotorenkonzept hier je Antriebsachse für jedes Antriebsrad ein separater Elektromotor vorgesehen ist, dem vorzugsweise ein Getriebe und eine Gelenkwelle zugeordnet sind. Dieser Elektromotor sitzt auf der, der fahrzeugmittigen Längsmittelachse zugewandten Seite. Die Verwendung von je einem Elektromotor pro Antriebsrad hat entscheidende Vorteile bei der Reduzierung von mechanischer Verlustleistung und bietet steuerungstechnische Möglichkeiten. So wird der Einsatz eines elektronischen Differentials, von ABS-, ASR- und ESP-Reglung ermöglicht. Weiterhin kann über Torque Vectoring Einfluss auf das Lenk- und Fahrverhalten genommen werden. Ein gemeinsames Gehäuse für Antriebseinheiten, bietet Vorteile bei der Unterbringung und Befestigung der Elektromotoren, der Steuerungselektronik und den Zusatzaggregaten. Es ist ein hoher Schutz gegen Witterungseinflüsse und eine gute Schwingungs- und Geräuschisolation gegeben. Die Aufgabe, die sich hier stellt, ist die Unterbringung und Befestigung der Elektromotoren, der Steuerungselektronik und den Zusatzaggregaten. Weitere Aufgaben sind der Schutz der Antriebseinheiten, die Drehmomentübertragung und die Schwingungs- und Geräuschisolation.The advantages achieved by the invention are, in particular, that instead of a single-motor concept, a separate electric motor is provided here per drive axle for each drive wheel, to which a transmission and a drive shaft are preferably assigned. This electric motor sits on the, the vehicle-centered longitudinal central axis facing side. The use of one electric motor per drive wheel has significant advantages in reducing mechanical power loss and offers control technology options. This allows the use of an electronic differential, ABS, ASR and ESP control. Furthermore, torque vectoring can influence the steering and driving behavior. A common housing for drive units, offers advantages in housing and fixing the electric motors, the control electronics and the auxiliary units. It is a high protection against weathering and a good vibration and noise isolation given. The task that arises here is the placement and fastening of the electric motors, the control electronics and the auxiliary units. Other tasks include the protection of drive units, torque transmission and vibration and noise isolation.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in den Zeichnungen dargestellt und wird im Folgenden näher beschrieben.An embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the drawings and will be described in more detail below.

Es zeigen:Show it:

1 eine schematische Ansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Gehäuses mit Gehäuseoberteil, Gehäuseunterteil, Achsmodul, Fahrzeugaufbau, Elektromotoren, Getrieben, Gelenkwellen und Antriebsräder in einer Schnittdarstellung von hinten. 1 a schematic view of a housing according to the invention with upper housing part, lower housing part, axle module, vehicle body, electric motors, gears, propeller shafts and drive wheels in a sectional view from behind.

2 wie in 1 mit alternativer Positionierung der Getriebe. 3 eine schematische Ansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Gehäuses mit Gehäuseunterteil, Achsmodul, Elektromotoren, Getrieben, Gelenkwellen, Antriebsräder und zusätzlichen Leistungselektroniken von oben. 2 as in 1 with alternative positioning of the gearbox. 3 a schematic view of a housing according to the invention with lower housing part, axle module, electric motors, gears, propeller shafts, drive wheels and additional power electronics from above.

4 wie in 3 mit zusätzlichen Verbrennungsmotor, Generator, Auspuff und Lüfter. 4 as in 3 with additional combustion engine, generator, exhaust and fan.

5 eine schematische Ansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Gehäuses mit Gehäuseoberteil, Gehäuseunterteil, Fahrzeugaufbau, Achsmodul, Antriebsräder, Motoraufnahme und Lüfter in einer Schnittdarstellung von der Seite. 5 a schematic view of a housing according to the invention with upper housing part, lower housing part, vehicle body, axle module, drive wheels, motor mount and fan in a sectional view from the side.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgaben wird, wie in 1, ein Gehäuseoberteil (3) und Gehäuseunterteil (4) konstruiert, das passgenau in Chassis oder Achsmodul eingesetzt werden kann. Dieses Gehäuse bietet Schutz vor Spritzwasser und Straßendreck. Die Elektromotoren (5) werden, wie in 5, in Motoraufnahmen (9) am Gehäuse befestigt und das wirksame Drehmoment in das Gehäuseunterteil (4) weitergeleitet. Da die Elektromotoren (5) nicht die passende Antriebsdrehzahl liefern, muss diese, wie in 1, über ein Getriebe (6) auf die nötige Drehzahl untersetzt werden. Für die Befestigung des Getriebes (6) kommen zwei Orte zur Auswahl. Das Getriebe (6) kann einmal direkt am Gehäuseunterteil (4) und damit am Elektromotor (5) befestigt werden oder, wie in 2, am Achsmodul (2). Der Unterschied beider Befestigungsmöglichkeiten besteht im Drehmoment, dass über die Gelenkwelle (7) übertragen werden muss.To solve these tasks, as in 1 , an upper housing part ( 3 ) and housing lower part ( 4 ), which can be used accurately in the chassis or axle module. This housing provides protection against water spray and road dirt. Electric motors ( 5 ), as in 5 , in motor mounts ( 9 ) attached to the housing and the effective torque in the housing lower part ( 4 ) forwarded. Since the electric motors ( 5 ) do not supply the appropriate drive speed, this must, as in 1 , via a gearbox ( 6 ) are reduced to the required speed. For fastening the gearbox ( 6 ) come two places to choose from. The gear ( 6 ) can once directly on the housing base ( 4 ) and thus on the electric motor ( 5 ) or as in 2 , on the axle module ( 2 ). The difference between the two mounting options is the torque that over the PTO shaft ( 7 ) must be transmitted.

Soll die Drehzahl schon auf der Motorenseite untersetzt werden, so ist das Drehmoment für die Gelenkwelle (7) um den Faktor der Übersetzung höher. In 3 werden weiterhin zur Steuerung der Elektromotoren (5) die Leistungselektroniken (10) ortsnah in dem Gehäuse untergebracht, so dass Kabel, die hohe Stromstärken führen müssen, möglichst kurz gehalten werden können. Da die Akkukapazität nur für Kurzstrecken ausreicht, besteht die Möglichkeit, wie in 4, die Reichweite durch den Einsatz eines Range-Extenders zu erweitern. Diese Range-Extender-Einheit besteht aus einen Verbrennungsmotor (11) und einen Generator (12). Ziel ist es auch diesen in dem Gehäuseunterteil (4) unterzubringen. Des Weiteren sieht man den Auspuff (13) für die Abgasentsorgung des Verbrennungsmotors (11). Der Lüfter (14) für die aktive Kühlung des inneren Gehäuses ist in 5 gezeigt. Da in dem Gehäuse Be- und Entlüftungsöffnungen vorgesehen sind, lässt sich mit Hilfe des Lüfters (14) die Abstrahlungswärme von dem Verbrennungsmotor (11) und den Elektromotoren (5) abführen.If the speed is already reduced on the motor side, the torque for the PTO shaft ( 7 ) higher by the factor of the translation. In 3 will continue to control the electric motors ( 5 ) the power electronics ( 10 ) Locally housed in the housing so that cables that need to carry high currents, can be kept as short as possible. Since the battery capacity is sufficient only for short distances, there is the possibility, as in 4 to extend the range by using a range extender. This range extender unit consists of an internal combustion engine ( 11 ) and a generator ( 12 ). The goal is also this in the housing base ( 4 ). Furthermore, you can see the exhaust ( 13 ) for the exhaust gas disposal of the internal combustion engine ( 11 ). The fan ( 14 ) for the active cooling of the inner housing is in 5 shown. Since ventilation openings are provided in the housing, it is possible with the aid of the fan ( 14 ) the radiant heat from the internal combustion engine ( 11 ) and the electric motors ( 5 ).

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Kraftfahrzeug mit Elektroantrieb wie in 4 dargestellt, mit einem Gehäuse, aufweisend je einen Elektromotor (5) zum Antrieb eines linken bzw. eines rechten Rades (8), wobei die Elektromotoren (5) in einem gemeinsamen Gehäuse befestigt sind. Das Gehäuse wird passgenau hergestellt, dass es für das jeweilige Fahrzeug direkt am Chassis oder Achsmodul (2) befestigt werden kann. Die Kraftübertragung erfolgt über je ein Getriebe (6) und einer Gelenkwelle (7). Weiterhin können in dem Gehäuse die Leistungselektroniken (10) befestigt werden. Zusätzlich können in dem Gehäuse ein Verbrennungsmotor (11) mit angeflanschtem Generator (12) und ein Lüfter (14) zur aktiven Kühlung untergebracht werden. Dadurch wird eine räumliche Nähe der elektrischen Komponenten bei hohen Witterungsschutz geschaffen. Ferner ermöglichen die Einzelradantriebe die Nutzung des „elektrischen Differenzials” und eine verbesserte Energierückgewinnung beim Bremsen.The invention relates to a motor vehicle with electric drive as in 4 shown, with a housing, each having an electric motor ( 5 ) for driving a left or a right wheel ( 8th ), the electric motors ( 5 ) are mounted in a common housing. The housing is made to fit perfectly to the vehicle directly on the chassis or axle module ( 2 ) can be attached. The power transmission takes place via a respective transmission ( 6 ) and a propeller shaft ( 7 ). Furthermore, in the housing, the power electronics ( 10 ) are attached. In addition, in the housing, an internal combustion engine ( 11 ) with flanged generator ( 12 ) and a fan ( 14 ) are accommodated for active cooling. This creates a spatial proximity of the electrical components with high weather protection. Furthermore, the single-wheel drives allow the use of the "electric differential" and improved energy recovery during braking.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
Fahrzeugaufbauvehicle body
22
AchsmodulAxis module
33
Gehäuse OberteilHousing upper part
44
Gehäuse UnterteilHousing lower part
55
Elektromotorelectric motor
66
Getriebetransmission
77
Gelenkwellepropeller shaft
88th
Antriebsraddrive wheel
99
Motoraufnahmeengine mount
1010
Leistungselektronikpower electronics
1111
Verbrennungsmotorinternal combustion engine
1212
Generatorgenerator
1313
AuspuffExhaust
1414
Lüfter zur KlimatisierungFan for air conditioning

ZITATE ENTHALTEN IN DER BESCHREIBUNG QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

Diese Liste der vom Anmelder aufgeführten Dokumente wurde automatisiert erzeugt und ist ausschließlich zur besseren Information des Lesers aufgenommen. Die Liste ist nicht Bestandteil der deutschen Patent- bzw. Gebrauchsmusteranmeldung. Das DPMA übernimmt keinerlei Haftung für etwaige Fehler oder Auslassungen.This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Zitierte PatentliteraturCited patent literature

  • DE 102010017991 [0004] DE 102010017991 [0004]
  • DE 4421425 C1 [0005] DE 4421425 C1 [0005]

Claims (9)

Mehrachsiges Kraftfahrzeug mit elektrischem Antrieb mit mindestens einer Antriebsachse mit je Antriebsachse zwei angetrieben Rädern, gekennzeichnet dadurch, dass jedem angetriebenen Rad einer Antriebsachse mindestens ein Elektromotor, vorzugweise ein Getriebe und eine Gelenkwelle zugeordnet ist, jedes Rad auf der, der Fahrzeugmitte zugewandten Seite, angetrieben wird, der Elektromotor, das Getriebe und die Gelenkwelle vorzugsweise, wesentlich linienförmig quer zur Fahrzeuglängsachse angeordnet sind, mindestens die Motoren einer Antriebsachse in einem gemeinsamen, wesentlich geschlossenen Gehäuse angeordnet und befestigt sind und das Gehäuse vorzugsweise lösbar mit dem Kraftfahrzeug verbunden ist.Multi-axle motor vehicle with electric drive with at least one drive axle with each driven axle two driven wheels, characterized in that each driven wheel of a drive axle at least one electric motor, preferably a gear and a cardan shaft is associated, each wheel on the vehicle center side facing, is driven , The electric motor, the transmission and the propeller shaft are preferably arranged substantially linearly transversely to the vehicle longitudinal axis, at least the motors of a drive axle in a common, substantially closed housing are arranged and fixed and the housing is preferably detachably connected to the motor vehicle. Kraftfahrzeug mit Elektroantrieb nach Anspruch 1, gekennzeichnet dadurch, dass das Getriebe zwischen dem Elektromotor und dem angetriebenen Rad des Kraftfahrzeugs gehäuseseitig mit dem Motor fest verbunden ist.Motor vehicle with electric drive according to claim 1, characterized in that the transmission between the electric motor and the driven wheel of the motor vehicle housing side is firmly connected to the motor. Kraftfahrzeug mit Elektroantrieb nach Anspruch 1, gekennzeichnet dadurch, dass das Getriebe zwischen dem Elektromotor und dem angetriebenen Rad des Kraftfahrzeugs zwischen der Gelenkwelle und dem angetriebenen Rad des Kraftfahrzeugs verbunden ist.Motor vehicle with electric drive according to claim 1, characterized in that the transmission is connected between the electric motor and the driven wheel of the motor vehicle between the propeller shaft and the driven wheel of the motor vehicle. Kraftfahrzeug mit Elektroantrieb nach Anspruch 1 bis 3, gekennzeichnet dadurch, dass das Gehäuse aus einem faserverstärkten Kunststoff besteht.Motor vehicle with electric drive according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that the housing consists of a fiber-reinforced plastic. Kraftfahrzeug mit Elektroantrieb nach Anspruch 1 bis 3, gekennzeichnet dadurch, dass das Gehäuse aus Leichtmetallguss besteht.Motor vehicle with electric drive according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that the housing consists of light metal casting. Kraftfahrzeug mit Elektroantrieb nach Anspruch 1 bis 3, gekennzeichnet dadurch, dass das Gehäuse als Blech-Schweiß-Konstruktion gefertigt ist.Motor vehicle with electric drive according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that the housing is manufactured as a sheet-welded construction. Kraftfahrzeug mit Elektroantrieb nach Anspruch 1 bis 6, gekennzeichnet dadurch, dass in dem wesentlich geschlossenen Gehäuse zusätzlich zumindest Teile der Steuerung angeordnet sind.Motor vehicle with electric drive according to claim 1 to 6, characterized in that in the substantially closed housing in addition at least parts of the control are arranged. Kraftfahrzeug mit Elektroantrieb nach Anspruch 1 bis 7, gekennzeichnet dadurch, dass in dem wesentlich geschlossenen Gehäuse zusätzlich ein Verbrennungsmotor mit einem Generator angeordnet ist.Motor vehicle with electric drive according to claim 1 to 7, characterized in that in the substantially closed housing in addition an internal combustion engine is arranged with a generator. Kraftfahrzeug mit Elektroantrieb nach Anspruch 1 bis 8, gekennzeichnet dadurch, dass das wesentlich geschlossene Gehäuse klimatisiert ist.Motor vehicle with electric drive according to claim 1 to 8, characterized in that the substantially closed housing is air-conditioned.
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US10457132B2 (en) 2017-07-21 2019-10-29 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Twin motor drive system for hybrid electric vehicle
WO2020216749A1 (en) * 2019-04-24 2020-10-29 Valeo Embrayages Housing assembly for powertrain and vehicle powertrain, range of housing assemblies for powertrains and range of vehicle powertrains
WO2023011802A1 (en) * 2021-08-03 2023-02-09 Robert Bosch Gmbh Axle module of an electrically driven vehicle

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Cited By (21)

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DE102011082391A1 (en) * 2011-09-09 2013-03-14 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Drive unit for an electric vehicle and method for setting a drive unit in an electric vehicle
WO2013034371A3 (en) * 2011-09-09 2013-06-06 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Drive unit for an electric vehicle and method for defining a drive unit in an electric vehicle
CN103796857A (en) * 2011-09-09 2014-05-14 Zf腓德烈斯哈芬股份公司 Drive unit for an electric vehicle and method for defining a drive unit in an electric vehicle
DE102011113198A1 (en) * 2011-09-10 2013-03-14 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Cross beam for attachment of electrical machine in engine compartment of vehicle e.g. passenger vehicle, has cavity in which power electronic unit for driving the electric machine, is accommodated
DE102011121819A1 (en) * 2011-12-21 2013-06-27 Conti Temic Microelectronic Gmbh Drive train for two-axle electrically operated vehicle, has electrical engines directly mechanically coupled with sub transmissions, acting on sub transmissions, separately or commonly operated, and controlled by coordinator
DE102012105154A1 (en) * 2012-06-14 2013-12-19 Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft Auxiliary frame for self-supporting body i.e. monocoque, of motor car, has retaining region for retaining steering gears, central retaining region retaining electromotor, and attachment regions attaching frame to self-supporting body
US10752300B2 (en) 2016-05-09 2020-08-25 Nikola Motor Company Llc Motor gearbox assembly
EP3455096A4 (en) * 2016-05-09 2019-12-18 Nikola Motor Company LLC Motor gearbox assembly
WO2017196633A1 (en) 2016-05-09 2017-11-16 Bluegentech, Llc Motor gearbox assembly
US10589797B2 (en) 2016-05-09 2020-03-17 Nikola Motor Company Llc Vehicle front suspension system
WO2018150008A1 (en) * 2017-02-20 2018-08-23 Thyssenkrupp Ag Axle drive unit comprising a brake system, drive axle and motor vehicle
CN110300675A (en) * 2017-02-20 2019-10-01 蒂森克虏伯股份公司 Axle driving unit, axle shaft and motor vehicles including braking system
WO2018150007A1 (en) * 2017-02-20 2018-08-23 Thyssenkrupp Ag Axle drive unit, drive axle and motor vehicle
DE102017103397A1 (en) 2017-02-20 2018-08-23 Thyssenkrupp Ag Final drive unit, drive axle and motor vehicle
WO2018150009A1 (en) * 2017-02-20 2018-08-23 Thyssenkrupp Ag Axle drive unit comprising a steering system, drive axle and motor vehicle
US11117457B2 (en) 2017-02-20 2021-09-14 Jheeco E-Drive Ag Axle drive unit comprising a brake system, drive axle and motor vehicle
US11161399B2 (en) 2017-02-20 2021-11-02 Jheeco E-Drive Ag Axle drive unit comprising an inductive charging receiver, drive axle and motor vehicle
US10457132B2 (en) 2017-07-21 2019-10-29 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Twin motor drive system for hybrid electric vehicle
WO2020216749A1 (en) * 2019-04-24 2020-10-29 Valeo Embrayages Housing assembly for powertrain and vehicle powertrain, range of housing assemblies for powertrains and range of vehicle powertrains
FR3095410A1 (en) * 2019-04-24 2020-10-30 Valeo Embrayages Vehicle powertrain and powertrain housing kit, range of powertrain housing kits and vehicle powertrain range.
WO2023011802A1 (en) * 2021-08-03 2023-02-09 Robert Bosch Gmbh Axle module of an electrically driven vehicle

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