DE202010015974U1 - Automatic ventilation / ventilator with elastomer diaphragm - Google Patents

Abstract

Automatic vending machine with an elastomeric membrane - in particular an automatic air valve for heating and hot water systems or closed pipe circuits with special consideration of the use of repeating parts and / or hydraulic balancing, characterized in that the automatic vending and venting
- From a cover flap (1), integrally joined by welding, pressing and / or gluing with a hollow cylindrical upper part (2),
- made of a semi-permeable membrane (4), integrally joined by 2K (component) plastic spraying with a gas passage body (26) of the upper part (2),
- From a hollow cylindrical lower part (5), by means of a membrane bead (42) tightly screwed to the upper part (2) and
- From a ball valve (7), axially movable, inserted into the valve receptacle (58) of a hollow cylindrical projection (53) of the lower part (5), and
- Has a liquid and gas channel (57, 60), which reduces by the with the gas passage body (26) connected to the membrane body (41) to the gas channel (13, 26, 33) semipermeable.

Description

The invention relates to a ventilation and venting machine with an elastomeric membrane - in particular an automatic ventilation valve for heating and hot water systems or closed pipe circuits with special consideration of the use of repetitive parts and / or hydraulic balancing.

Ventilation valves are used wherever media in closed systems and systems, tanks, boilers, storage tanks or pipelines are subject to thermal and pressure equalization must take place. Known applications are compressed air systems, water-bearing systems, fuel systems and containers, closed systems in traffic engineering. Frequently ventilation valves for liquids are pronounced as float valves with closure mechanism.

• – Helfen beim Befüll- und Entleerungsvorgang, Betriebszustand ca. 3 bar
• – Sicherstellen der Automatikentlüftung, Betriebszustand ca. 3 bar
• – Standhalten der Druckprüfung, Betriebszustand bis ca. 10 bar.

In the more specific application of the heating and hot water system, the air valves take over essentially three functions / operating modes

• - Help with the filling and emptying process, operating condition approx. 3 bar
• - Ensure automatic ventilation, operating condition approx. 3 bar
• - Withstand the pressure test, operating condition up to approx. 10 bar.

The membrane technology is still a young technology, but is subject to a permanent renewal because of almost unlimited applications. The use of membranes takes place in various disciplines of technology, such as medicine / dialysis, beverage industry / filtering and alcohol withdrawal, service water / cleaning and filtration, traffic, vehicle / cavity ventilation, etc. Membranes are produced as semi-permeable films and their purpose is by various Product parameter determined; they withstand high liquid pressures, but are permeable to gaseous media. The membrane material is made of plastic, such as. As polyethylene, polypropylene (PP) or polystyrene (PS), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or polyurethane (PUR), or made of elastomeric plastic, such as acrylonitrile (A / PE) or rubber (EVA, IIR, NR, SI, ... ), is hydrophobic / hydrophilic and / or oleophobic / oleophilic, widely chemically compatible, suitable for sterilization, not wettable at very low surface tensions.

• – Definierte Massenströme an jedem Heizkörper im Auslegungsfall
• – Gleichmäßige Massenstromverteilung in Aufheizphasen
• – Gute Regeleigenschaften des Thermostatventils.

Hydraulic balancing - after DIN EN 12 831 (Jun. 2003) and demanded in the VOB / C DIN 18 380 - Describes a method by which each radiator or heating circuit of a surface heating at a specified flow temperature of the heating system is exactly supplied with the amount of heat that is needed to achieve the desired room temperature for each room within a heating system. This is usually achieved during planning, installation and commissioning of the system; also a subsequent hydraulic balancing is given by means of existing fittings in the pipe network, as presettable thermostatic valves. Objectives of hydraulic balancing are

• - Defined mass flows at each radiator in the design case
• - Uniform mass flow distribution in heating phases
• - Good control properties of the thermostatic valve.

To preset the flow rate for each radiator, either thermostatic valves with flow characteristic are used by kV cone adapted or set the flow resistances by means of the return fittings. Since in any case a vented heating or hot water system is a basic requirement for balancing, the use of a venting machine on the radiator or water heater is obvious, which also provides metrological requirements for the feasibility of hydraulic balancing.

In order to create the prerequisite of a permanently vented heating or hot water system, the system is 'conditionally opened' by a liquid-tight breathable semi-permeable membrane or elastomeric membrane to the atmosphere.

As a consequence, it is proposed to open the heating and hot water system for the gas and water vapor permeability, in the semipermeable - liquid-barrier and gas and vapor-permeable - membranes or elastomeric membranes in self-contained pressure compensation elements (DAE) or in conjunction with hose or Pipe inlets or outlets for pressure compensation (DA) and thus ensure a vented system. Depending on the application, different plastic membrane materials are used for ventilation - such as polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or polyurethane (PUR) or acrylonitrile (A / PE) , Rubber (EVA, IIR, NR, SI, ...) - wherein there is primarily a dependence on media compatibility, such as hydrophobic / -phile or oleophobic / -phile characteristics of the membrane material.

The elastomeric membrane of the inventive novelty is preferably made of a rubber material - such. B. silicone rubber - with good gas and water vapor transmission rates, which in 2K or 3K (component) -Spritzverfahren directly with a vent to a loading and Bleed valve is processed. Due to a required shape of the elastomeric membrane and the Shore hardness of the material, it is necessary to use a z. B. finger-like / star-shaped or annular carrier, which is encapsulated as a stock or insert with the rubber material.

All plastic materials are very or slightly permeable to gases, vapors or liquids; the permeability is also referred to as permeation or permeability, the crude solution or the feed is fed to the membrane, through the membrane passes the concentrate or the permeate, the different residual amount of crude solution and concentrate is the retentate. Particularly important are the permeability to water vapor, gases and vapors for liquids. High or low permeabilities of plastic films / membranes for certain substances may be required or undesirable depending on the field of application.

• – für die Gasdurchlässigkeit ca. 600 cm³ × mm/(m² × h × bar); d. h. Menge Luft, gemessen in cm³, die pro Stunde bei einer Druckdifferenz von 1 bar eine Membran von 1 m² Fläche und 1 mm Dicke durchdringt
• – für die Wasserdampfdurchlässigkeit ca. 40 g × mm/(m² × d); d. h. Masse Wasserdampf in g, die in 24 Stunden eine Membran von 1 m² Fläche und 1 mm Dicke durchdringt.

According to the present inventive novelty to the water air - consisting essentially of about 78% nitrogen (N ₂ ), about 21% oxygen (O ₂ ) and about 0.04% carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ) and water vapor, measured in relative humidity - be withdrawn; the ratio of the passage for plastics for N ₂ : O ₂ : CO ₂ is about 1: 4: 16. Another example relates to the permeability of water vapor to prevent condensation in housings tax and control systems. In almost all plastic films - with the exception of cellulose hydrate (CH), trade name cellophane or cellophane - the permeability decreases with the thickness. The membrane permeability of gas is determined according to the Test standard DIN 53 380 in the unit [cm ³ / m ² × d × bar] and that of water vapor according to Test standard DIN 53 122 in units of [g / m ² × d]. Magnitudes are for rubber, 50 shore hardness, 20 ° C temperature

• - for the gas permeability about 600 cm ³ × mm / (m ² × h × bar); ie amount of air, measured in cm ³ , which per hour penetrates a membrane of 1 m ² area and 1 mm thickness at a pressure difference of 1 bar
• - For the water vapor permeability about 40 g × mm / (m ² × d); ie mass of water vapor in g, which penetrates a membrane of 1 m ² area and 1 mm thickness in 24 hours.

Hydrophobic plastics absorb no water vapor, so there is no influence on the gas permeation; Hydrophilic plastics can absorb significant amounts of water vapor, which increases the size of the gas passage.

• 1. Durchgang durch porenfreie Kunststoffschichten infolge Lösungsdiffusion bei a) und b) außerhalb der Poren im die Poren umschließenden Kunststoff (Permeation, Normalfall)
• 2. Durchgang durch größere Poren und Fehlstellen infolge Fick'scher Diffusion a) wobei die Poren die gesamte Membrandicke durchdringen, wie offenporiger Schaum oder Perforierungen oder poröse Membranen b) wobei die Poren sich innerhalb der Membran befinden, wie geschlossenporiger Schaum oder poröse Membranen (Durchmesser der Poren > freie Weglänge der Gasmoleküle)
• 3. Durchgang durch Mikroporen infolge Knudsen-Diffusion a) wie bei mikroporösen Membranen b) in den eingeschlossenen Poren wie bei mikroporösen Membranen (Porendurchmesser < freie Weglänge der Gasmoleküle)

At the same total pressure inside and outside of two membrane-separated spaces, three gas passage mechanisms can be described by plastics, such as

• 1. Passage through pore-free plastic layers due to solution diffusion in a) and b) outside the pores in the plastic surrounding the pores (permeation, normal case)
• 2. Passage through larger pores and voids due to Fick's diffusion a) where the pores penetrate the entire membrane thickness, such as open cell foam or perforations or porous membranes b) where the pores are within the membrane, such as closed cell foam or porous membranes (diameter the pores> free path of the gas molecules)
• 3. Passage through micropores due to Knudsen diffusion a) as in the case of microporous membranes b) in the enclosed pores as in microporous membranes (pore diameter <free path of the gas molecules)

At total pressure difference between the rooms is a
to 1. the solution diffusion
to 2. a Poiseuille flow in place of Fick's diffusion; leads to pressure equalization (DA) in a relatively short time (seconds to days)
to 3. the Knudsen diffusion.

The gas diffusion during passage through micropores is not temperature dependent.

The passage mechanisms for water vapor correspond to those of the gas passage. At very high water contents can also occur in the pores because of capillary condensation Kapillarwasserzug as a transport mechanism. In the solution diffusion on passage of gases, the gas passage increases linearly with the partial pressure difference of the continuous gas, which is not true due to the sorption of elastomeric membranes with water vapor which is often nonlinear with the partial pressure of the water vapor; a linear conversion at the driving gradient of the water vapor partial pressure - or the relative humidity - is not permitted.

In addition to a rather crude mechanical perforation, the laser technology offers the possibility of conferring a microperforation of a film or a membrane that is specifically adapted to the respective application purpose. The hole size and the number of holes is dimensioned so that air circulation is possible, but moisture is retained. Other methods are the needle technology and the flame perforation. The laser is characterized by smaller holes, which are tear-proof by a micro-melt edge. In addition, the laser operates contactless and process-safe at high web speeds, contrary to the risk of breakage in needles.

A change in the relation of the gas passage is only possible by introducing pores in the films / membranes and to be able to influence the patency targeted, both in terms of volume and in the ratio of gases with each other. The permeability is composed of the solution diffusion of the film / membrane and the Fick'schen or Knudsen diffusion of the micropores and the total passage and the relation of the passages are determined by a targeted selection of both influences. Microperforation can be achieved by mixing in fine mineral fillers with molecular diffusion channels in the particle or at the particle / plastic contact point, which can also be influenced by stretching the film (controlled atmosphere packaging - Controlled Atmosphere Package [CAP] / Housing). CAH]).

In the following, the state of the art of automatic ventilation systems with an elastomeric membrane - especially of automatic ventilation valves for heating and hot water systems or closed pipe circuits - honored with special attention to the use of repeating parts and / or hydraulic balancing; According to the prior art, depending on the application, a variety of types of elastomer diaphragm valves for the ventilation in use.

The utility model DE 20 2006 004 828 discloses a venting valve of simple design with semipermeable membrane, which fulfills the functions / modes of pressure testing, filling, emptying and automatic venting. The valve consists essentially of a cylindrical arrangement and does without moving parts. The membrane element is the link between the liquid-filled interior - the radiator or the heating or hot water system - and the outer space. Semipermeable membranes hold - depending on the structure and nature - liquids - or are impermeable to these - and allow gaseous media escape.

The drawbacks of the valve become clear during rapid venting during filling or venting during emptying. For this purpose, the ventilation valve is released from its valve seat until the previously sealed through-bore in the connection threaded pin is visible outside and the gases can escape or the air can be sucked. Subsequent water, however, is not retained and its escape can only be prevented by manual closure.

This not insignificant disadvantage is the successor development of a ventilation and vending machine - utility model DE 20 2006 007 789 - eliminated, by means of an additional float valve device. The through hole in the threaded stem of the automatic ventilation is moved to above the float valve device and can be opened or closed by turning the cap of the venting machine. An attached in the cap, passing through the membrane - this, however, tightly closing - guide pin also acts by the screwing movement on the float of the attached in the lower part of the machine float valve.

The automatic ventilation system can be designed as a passage or angle valve. Furthermore, the embodiments with a flat membrane / membrane disk or tube membrane or a differently shaped, multi-dimensional membrane are possible.

According to the European patent application EP 1 035 365 is a universal connection for connecting a pressurized fluid system with a utilization device consisting of a valve with a valve housing, in the bore a self-closing spring-loaded check valve is arranged and a connectable with this valve opener, wherein arranged in the bore of the valve housing spring-loaded valve body of the check valve when screwing the valve opener in the valve housing by the connecting pin against the spring pressure axially displaceable in the open position of the valve, and the valve opener is designed as an adapter with a handwheel with external thread and a central bore for rotatably receiving the connection dome, and the valve housing has a hole having an internal thread for releasably securing the handwheel.

The universal connection works like a 'socket' for fluid systems; The self-closing spring-loaded check valve prevents leakage of liquids during the plug-in process. With the plug-in operation, the spring-loaded check valve is opened.

According to the utility model DE 20 2009 013 793 /European Patent Application EP 10 013 271 is a modular system with automatic ventilation - especially an automatic ventilation valve for heating and hot water systems or closed pipe circuits presented with special consideration of the use of repetitive parts and hydraulic balancing. The modular system consists essentially of a valve body fitting with a spring-loaded check valve with various connection threads, various application-related screw caps for closing, for ventilation and measuring and a water tank with ventilation and possibly status display and / or signaling.

The inventive novelty lies in the embodiment of the three valves, which are formed essentially by the caps, wherein the vent valve operates with a semi-permeable membrane and also the metering valve is such equipable.

The German utility model DE 20 2010 009 634 discloses a further development of the automatic ventilation with elastomer membrane as a modular system - in particular an automatic air valve for heating and hot water systems or closed pipe circuits - with an elastomeric membrane as part of the vent valve - consisting of vent cap and valve body fitting - and as a disk / flat cylinder geometrically adapted the shape of the interior of the vent cap has and is held in this holding, has a central bore for receiving the guide pin, molded from a rubber material as an elastomer with high gas and water vapor transmission numbers and operates as a semipermeable membrane, at least has a gas and / or water vapor passage in the form of substantially tapered wall thickness, is concavely biased in the radial direction in a normal atmosphere and assumes a convex strain as the surface pressure acting on it increases, dur a support is supported when the elastomer has an insufficient Shore hardness to produce the necessary bias and each has a stiffener in the axial center and edge region.

• – Betriebsdruck 0 bar, Kugelventil geschlossen, Elastomer-Membran in Ruhestellung
• – Betriebsdruck ca. 3 bar, Kugelventil geöffnet, Elastomer-Membran leicht vorgespannt, semipermeable Membran
• – Betriebs-/Prüfdruck ca. 10 bar, Kugelventil geöffnet, Elastomer-Membran gegen Deckel gespannt, Membranwand schließt Deckel-/Entlüftungsbohrung dicht.

The elastomer membrane is designed prefabricated as an insert and has three operating states

• - Operating pressure 0 bar, ball valve closed, elastomeric diaphragm in rest position
• - Operating pressure approx. 3 bar, ball valve open, elastomeric membrane slightly pre-stressed, semipermeable membrane
• - Operating / test pressure approx. 10 bar, ball valve open, elastomer diaphragm clamped against cover, diaphragm wall closes cover / vent bore tightly.

Ventilation caps do not have to be closed manually for test operation.

All publications presented are suitable only partially or not at all for the specific use of a ventilation and venting machine with an elastomeric membrane - especially not as an automatic air valve for heating and hot water systems or closed pipe circuits with special consideration of the use of repeating parts and / or hydraulic balancing.

The invention is therefore based on the object, a device according to the preamble of claim 1, a ventilation system with an elastomeric membrane - in particular an automatic ventilation valve for heating and hot water systems or closed pipe circuits with particular attention to the use of Repeat parts and / or hydraulic balancing to create.

This object is achieved by the characterizing features of claim 1; to advantageous embodiments, the dependent claims. The aim is to build a ventilation and venting machine with an elastomeric membrane - in particular an automatic ventilation valve for heating and hot water systems or closed pipe circuits with special consideration of the use of repetitive parts and / or hydraulic balancing.

The automatic ventilation machine with elastomer diaphragm consists of a cover cap, a top part, a diaphragm and a bottom part. The plastic parts cover cap and upper part are molded in two parts, but are integrally by joining and welding, pressing and / or gluing. The upper and lower parts are bolted together as an insert via the interposed membrane or, better, as a sealing part with the membrane injection-molded in the upper part in the 2K (component) process.

The preferably plastic lower part also has a ball valve which seals by means of a ball and a coil spring against a central bore in the lower part, but influenced by a plunger of the upper part, depending on the screw depth between the upper and lower part releases a gas and liquid channel. The lower part has - similar to a double sleeve - another external thread, which, provided with a sealing ring, forms the connection to the heating or hot water system or closed pipe circuits. After presentation of the individual components follows a description of the operation of the ventilation and venting after assembly.

The achievable with the present invention consist in particular in that the lid cap has at least two functions held; it forms on the one hand by their smooth surface an aesthetic conclusion and a soothing appearance of the automatic ventilation system to the outside and on the other hand by their support ribs an additional holding function for the membrane at different pressure conditions within the system. The resulting circular slot between the edge of the lid cap and the inner edge of the top forms part of the gas channel.

Another embodiment of the inventive novelty is given by the fact that the hollow cylindrical upper part on the outer cylinder has gripping surfaces to facilitate the screwing of the internal thread with the external thread of the lower part, as well as the liquid tightness must be made through this screw. Between the upper and lower part of the interior of the upper part of the membrane is inserted as a single part or as 2K injection molded part of the upper part. The upper part has a circular outer edge, which is replaced by a first circular gas passage body towards the cap.

The gas passage body has a number of spaced approximately 60 ° angle, radially directed support ribs, which receive in its center an axially directed mounting dome, the bottom of the directed end merges into serving as an actuator plunger for the spring-mounted ball valve. Furthermore, the mounting dome of the non-detachable receptacle of the plugged lid cap is used.

Between each pair of support ribs form fan-like vertically arranged support ribs a channel-shaped space, the bisector also holds the mounting dome at the lower end and produces a mechanically strong connection to the outer edge of the upper part, the sum of these compounds a conical, through the support webs, the bisectors and the Supporting ribs shaped surface spans.

The background of this somewhat unusual surface design formed by six open channels is on the one hand the enlargement of the surface compared to a flat circular surface and on the other hand the increase of the rigidity of the arrangement in order to be able to record the pressures of the different operating states, also in connection with the still to be received thin membrane based on the area spanned and the pressures to be absorbed.

A further embodiment of the invention provides that the relatively thin, molded elastomeric membrane - an increase in the material thickness is in reciprocal relation to the Durchgangszahl - consists of an approximately conical, the previously described grooves tracing material body whose circular outer edge is completed by a bead of material , which - clamped between the upper and lower part - ensures tightness, which nestles from below to the fan-like arranged support ribs and finds in a triangular circumferential sealing surface between the dome and plunger of the upper part its central end. The elastomeric membrane is either a molded insert or a one-piece part made in the 2K process with the top.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the hollow cylindrical lower part is preferably made of plastic and resembles a double nipple with two external threads, wherein an external thread receives the upper part and the second external thread is the connection of the automatic vending machine for water-bearing system. In the region of the second external thread, the lower part has a tubular extension which forms the liquid and gas channel and accommodates the valve device with valve spring and ball, the valve ball being positioned in the axial direction by the cylindrical plunger of the upper part and releasing the channel against the spring pressure or locks. The conclusion to the upper part forms a conically shaped surface having in its center the valve-controlled channel as a bore to the outer edge has a radial boundary surface with the recording of Membranwulst and between the bore and edge surface has a conical surface whose inclination of the support rib of the cover cap or following the support rib of the groove of the upper part in parallel.

The operation of the ventilation and vending machine can be described as follows; There are essentially two operating states and one transient state.

With loosely screwed upper and lower part of the plunger of the upper part does not act axially on the ball valve and the ball closes the central bore of the tubular extension of the lower part tightly, since the spring acts on the ball in the axial direction. If there is an internal pressure in the system, which outweighs the external pressure - usually atmospheric pressure - this additionally acts sealingly on the spherical surface. The conical space between upper and lower part - also called liquid and gas channel - remains depressurised and / or empty
- Operating status 1.

Now, if the upper part gradually screwed against the lower part, the bead of the Membrane bodies sealing between the inner edge of the upper part and the lower edge of the lower part, with the sealed ball valve still closed
- Transition state.

If the upper part continues to be hand-tightened against the lower part, on the one hand the sealing function of the bead of the membrane body acts absolutely and on the other hand the plunger of the upper part in the axial direction against the spring pressure and possibly against the internal pressure opening on the ball valve; The conical space between the upper and lower part - also known as liquid and gas channel - fills pressure
- Operating state 2.

This is the 'normal' operating condition, the internal pressure pushes the liquid / gas mixture with operating pressure against the semi-permeable membrane body: Liquids are retained, gases can escape through the membrane via the gas channel between the lid and top. The relatively thin-walled membrane nestles against the fan-like support ribs of the upper part and sealing against the triangular sealing surface between the dome and the plunger of the upper part.

A special case is the plant and the water-carrying system under the much higher test pressure
- Operating state 3.

In this operating state, either the upper part of the lower part is loosened beforehand by screwing it on so that the ball valve closes tightly and the automatic ventilation machine withstands this pressure or it remains in operating state 2 and the support ribs of the cover cap additionally act on the sagging membrane they do not harm their surface. Tests with test pressure are limited in time.

The subject matter of the invention will be further clarified below with reference to the accompanying drawings of exemplary embodiments. Show it

1 Automatic ventilation, open, in perspective
a) Lid cap
b) top part
c) membrane, semipermeable

2 Automatic ventilation, half cut, open
a) Lid cap, side view
b) Upper and lower part, screwed, with valve and membrane
c) top, top view, without cover

3 Automatic ventilation, half cut, closed
a) Upper, lower part and cover cap, screwed / welded, with valve and diaphragm
b) top, top view, with lid.

The same and equivalent components of the embodiments are each provided with the same reference numerals in the figures.

The description of the device according to the invention will be continued with reference to the explanation of the figures.

How out 1 it can be seen that the automatic ventilation machine with elastomer diaphragm consists of a cover cap 1 a shell 2 , a membrane 4 , a lower part 5 as well as a ball valve 7 - 2 B ) 3a ). The plastic parts cover cap and upper part are sprayed in two parts, but are integrally by joining and welding, pressing and / or gluing. The upper and lower parts are bolted together as an insert via the interposed membrane or, better, as a sealing part with the membrane injection-molded in the upper part in the 2K (component) process 25 . 54 , The preferably plastic lower part also has a ball valve, which by means of a ball 72 and a coil spring 71 against a central hole 57 in the lower part seals, but influenced by a plunger 30 the upper part, which releases depending on the screw depth between the upper and lower part of a gas and liquid channel. The lower part has - similar to a double socket - another external thread. 2 52 which, with a sealing ring or sealant 59 provided, the connection to the heating or hot water system or closed pipe circuits forms. After presentation of the individual components follows a description of the operation of the automatic ventilation and venting after assembly.

The lid cap 1 - 1a ) 2a ) 3a ) - has at least two functions; on the one hand it forms through its smooth surface 11 an aesthetic finish and a soothing appearance of the ventilation machine to the outside and on the other hand by their support ribs 13 an additional holding function for the membrane 4 at different pressure conditions within the plant. The resulting circular slot 33 - 3 - between the edge of the lid cap 12 and the inner edge 21 of the shell forms part of the gas channel 33 ,

The hollow cylindrical upper part 2 - 1b ) 2 B ) -C) 3 - owns the outer cylinder 23 grip surfaces 24 to the screwing of the internal thread 25 with the external thread 1 54 of the lower part 5 to facilitate, since on this screw and the liquid-tightness must be made. Between upper and lower part is inside 31 of the upper part of the membrane 4 inserted as a single part or as a 2K molded part of the upper part. The upper part has a circular outer edge 21 that to the lid cap 1 towards, from an initially circular gas passage body 26 is replaced.

The gas passage body has a number of approximately radially spaced support bars at a 60 ° angle 27 , which in its center an axially directed attachment dome 29 record, directed to the lower end in a serving as an actuator ram 30 for the springy 71 stored ball 72 of the ball valve 7 passes. Furthermore, the mounting dome of the non-detachable receptacle of the plugged lid cap is used 1 ,

Between each two supporting webs 27 form fan-like vertically arranged support ribs 28 a channel-shaped space whose bisector 34 also the fortification dome 29 holds at the lower end and a mechanically strong connection to the outer edge 21 the upper produces, the sum of these compounds a conical, through the support webs 27 , the bisectors 34 and the support ribs 28 spans shaped surface.

Background of this somewhat unusual, through six open grooves 26 . 27 . 28 . 34 formed surface design is on the one hand, the enlargement of the surface compared to a flat circular area and on the other hand, the increase in the rigidity of the arrangement to absorb the pressures of the various operating conditions, also in conjunction with the still aufzunehmenden thin membrane 41 . 44 based on the area spanned and the pressures to be absorbed. The membrane body is also supported by the support ribs 13 the lid cap 1 , especially when using test pressure.

The relatively thin, molded elastomer membrane 4 - 1c ) 2 B ) 3a ) - An increase in the material thickness is in reciprocal relation to the Durchgangszahl - consists of an approximately conical, the previously described grooves tracing material body 41 whose circular outer edge 43 through a bead of material 42 concluded between - 2 . 31 and lower part 5 . 55 clamped - ensures tightness, extending from below to the fan-like arranged bisecting lines 34 and support ribs 13 . 28 nestles and in a triangular sealing surface 32 between dome 29 and pestles 30 of the upper part finds its central end. The elastomeric membrane is either a molded insert or, preferably, a one-piece part made with the top in the 2K process.

The hollow cylindrical lower part 5 - 2 B ) 3a ) - is preferably made of plastic and resembles a double nipple with two external threads 1, 2, wherein an external thread 1 54 the top 2 receives and the second external thread 2 52 represents the connection of the ventilation and venting machine to the water-bearing system. In the region of the second external thread 2, the lower part has a tubular extension 53 on, in its interior the liquid and gas channel 60 forms and the valve device 7 with valve spring 71 and ball 72 picks up 58 , wherein the valve ball in the axial direction of the cylindrical plunger 30 the upper part is positioned and against the spring pressure the channel 57 releases or locks. The conclusion to the upper part forms a conical pronounced surface 56 in their center the valve controlled channel 60 as a bore 57 has, to the outer edge toward a radial boundary surface 55 with the inclusion of the membrane bead 42 has and between the bore and edge surface has a conical surface whose inclination of the bisector 34 or the support rib 28 the gutter of the gas passage body 26 of the upper part follows or the support rib 13 the lid cap 1 ,

The operation of the automatic ventilation system can be described as follows - 2 B ) 3a ); There are essentially two operating states and one transient state.

With loosely screwed upper 2 and lower part 5 the ram works 30 of the upper part not on the ball valve 7 and the ball 72 closes the central hole 57 of the tubular approach 53 of the lower part tight, since the spring 71 acts on the ball in the axial direction. If there is an internal pressure in the system, which outweighs the external pressure - usually atmospheric pressure - this additionally acts sealingly on the spherical surface 72 , The conical space 44 . 56 between upper and lower part - also liquid and gas channel 60 indicates - remains depressurized and / or empty
- Operating status 1.

Will now be the top 2 against the lower part 5 gradually screwed down, the bead lays down 42 of the membrane body 41 sealing between inner edge 31 Upper part and edge surface 55 Lower part, with sealed, sealed ball valve 7
- Transition state.

Will the top 2 against the lower part 5 further screwed hand-tight, one hand, the sealing function of the bead 42 of the membrane body 41 absolutely and on the other hand the pestle 30 the upper part in the axial direction against the spring pressure 71 and possibly against the internal pressure opening on the ball valve 7 ; the conical space 44 . 56 between upper and lower part - also as liquid and gas channel 60 designated - fills pressure. This is the 'normal' operating condition, the internal pressure pushes the liquid / gas mixture with operating pressure against the semipermeable membrane body 41 : Liquids are retained, gases can pass through the membrane 4 over the gas channel 33 between cover cap 1 and top 2 escape. The relatively thin-walled membrane 41 . 44 nestles against the fan-like support ribs 28 of the gas passage body 26 the upper part and sealing against the triangular sealing surface 32 between dome 29 and pestles 30 of the top
- Operating state 2.

A special case is the system and the water-carrying system under the much higher test pressure. In this operating state, either the upper part is previously 2 from the lower part 5 loosened by screwing, so that the ball valve 7 tightly closes and the automatic vending machine withstands this pressure or it remains in operating state 2 and the support ribs 13 the lid cap 1 additionally act on the sagging membrane 4 . 41 . 44 , support them - but do not hurt their surface. Tests with test pressure are limited in time
- Operating state 3.

Advantageous developments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims; The numerous possibilities and advantages of the embodiment of the invention are reflected in the number of patent claims.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

top cap

11

cover

12

cover edge

13

supporting rib

2

top

21

outer edge

22

edge

23

margin

24

gripping surface

25

inner thread

26

Gas passage body

27

supporting web

28

supporting rib

29

cathedral

30

tappet

31

inner edge

32

Pad / sealing / bearing surface

33

gas channel

34

bisecting

4

Membrane, semipermeable

41

membrane body

42

bead

43

edge

44

area

5

lower part

51

body

52

External thread 2

53

approach

54

External thread 1

55

sealing surface

56

conical surface

57

Through Hole

58

valve receiving

59

Sealing ring / mass (not shown)

60

Liquid / gas channel

7

ball valve

71

valve spring

72

valve ball

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 202006004828 U [0020]
• DE 202006007789 U [0022]
• EP 1035365 [0024]
• DE 202009013793 U [0026]
• EP 10013271 [0026]
• DE 202010009634 U [0028]

Cited non-patent literature

• DIN EN 12 831 (Jun. 2003) [0005]
• DIN 18 380 [0005]
• Test standard DIN 53 380 [0011]
• Test standard DIN 53 122 [0011]

Claims (10)

Automatic ventilation with an elastomeric membrane - in particular an automatic ventilation valve for heating and hot water systems or closed pipe circuits with special consideration of the use of repeating parts and / or hydraulic balancing, characterized in that the automatic ventilation - off a lid flap ( 1 ), integrally joined by welding, pressing and / or gluing with a hollow cylindrical upper part ( 2 ), - from a semipermeable membrane ( 4 ), integrally joined by 2K (component) plastic spraying with a gas passage body ( 26 ) of the upper part ( 2 ), - from a hollow cylindrical lower part ( 5 ), by means of a membrane bead ( 42 ) tightly screwed to the upper part ( 2 ) and - from a ball valve ( 7 ), axially movable, inserted into the valve seat ( 58 ) of a hollow cylindrical approach ( 53 ) of the lower part ( 5 ), and - a liquid and gas channel ( 57 . 60 ) possessed by the with the gas passage body ( 26 ) associated membrane body ( 41 ) to the gas channel ( 13 . 26 . 33 ) Semipermeable reduced. Automatic ventilation machine with an elastomeric membrane according to claim 1, characterized in that the semipermeable membrane ( 4 ) is integrally joined as a separate injection and insertion part by welding, pressing and / or gluing with the gas passage body ( 26 ) of the upper part ( 2 ). Automatic ventilation machine with an elastomeric membrane according to at least one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the gas passage body ( 26 ) of the hollow cylindrical upper part ( 2 ) between a central, axially arranged dome ( 29 ) and the outer edge ( 21 ) of the upper part ( 2 ) is arranged so that in the radial direction extending support webs ( 27 ) and in the axial direction to the support webs on the cathedral side spaced, with its other end to the outer edge ( 21 ), diagonally bisecting bisecting lines ( 34 ) by supporting ribs ( 28 ) are connected to each other, that each two support webs, an angle bisector and connecting, vertically arranged support ribs a to the lower part ( 5 ) wedge-shaped, over the radial full circle multiply arranged open space. Automatic ventilation machine with an elastomeric membrane according to at least one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the gas passage body ( 26 ) by two supporting webs ( 27 ), an angle bisector ( 34 ) and connecting, vertically arranged support ribs ( 28 ) one to the lower part ( 5 ) wedge-shaped, on the radial full circle multiply arranged open space forms and on its lower part ( 5 ) side spans a surface that the shaping of the membrane body ( 41 ) of the semipermeable membrane ( 4 ) clearly follows. Automatic ventilation machine with an elastomeric membrane according to at least one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the plane-diagonal sides of the support ribs ( 13 ) the lid cap ( 1 ) an angle to the radial plane ( 11 ), which corresponds to the angle of the diagonally bisecting line ( 34 ) of the upper part ( 2 ) and the angle of the conical surface ( 56 ) of the lower part ( 5 ) - form a parallel arrangement. Automatic vending machine with an elastomeric membrane according to at least one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the surfaces ( 44 ) of the membrane body ( 41 ) of the membrane ( 4 ) in the region of the gas passage body ( 26 ) of the upper part ( 2 ) have a production-related minimal strength. Automatic ventilation machine with an elastomeric membrane according to at least one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the support ribs ( 28 ) of the upper part ( 2 ) and the support ribs ( 13 ) the lid cap ( 1 ) the internal pressure on the surfaces ( 44 ) of the membrane body ( 41 ) of the semipermeable membrane ( 4 ) at the point. Automatic ventilation machine with an elastomeric membrane according to at least one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the material of the membrane body ( 41 ) of the semipermeable membrane ( 4 ) Has gas and water vapor permeabilities according to test standard, which correspond to the comparative values of semipermeable membrane films for this application. Automatic ventilation machine with an elastomeric membrane according to at least one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the elastomeric material of the membrane body ( 41 ) of the semipermeable membrane ( 4 ) its required gas and water vapor transmission characteristics - by additives - such as crystallizable polymers, finest mineral fillers, pore material, nanomaterial - learns or - is microporous perforated by mixing finest mineral fillers with molecular diffusion channels in the particle or - at the contact point particles / plastic or containing pores of a predetermined size for separating a gas or vapor mixture with the aid of a nanostructured component. Automatic ventilation machine with an elastomeric membrane according to at least one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the elastomeric membrane material of the membrane body ( 41 ) of the semipermeable membrane ( 4 ) learns its required gas and water vapor transmission characteristics by an additional processing - as undrawn or oriented by stretching - learns.

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