DE102019005272A1 - Automatic venting device with membrane - Google Patents

Abstract

An automatic venting device with a membrane is presented - in particular an automatic venting device for heating and hot water systems or closed pipe circuits with special attention to hydraulic balancing according to the patent application 'Simple venting valve with membrane', No. DE 10 2006 015 263 v. Apr. 1, 2006, supplementary disclosure, 'Automatic ventilation system with membrane', No. DE 10 2006 021 454 v. May 9, 2006 and disclosure 'Automatic ventilation with elastomer membrane', No. DE 10 2010 051 890 v. Nov. 22, 2010 as well as the European patent "Automatic ventilation with elastomer membrane", No. EP 2 472 151 v. Jul 22, 2011.The automatic venting device with membrane consists of an upper part, a membrane, a lower part and a ball valve. The plastic upper and lower parts are screwed together in a liquid-tight and gas-permeable manner using the membrane injected in the upper part in the 2K (component) process. The lower part also has a ball valve, which is axially upper-part-oriented by means of a ball and a valve spring against a valve seat in the lower part Seals depending on the system pressure, but is influenced by a spring-loaded plunger of the upper part, which acts axially on the lower part and depends on the system pressure on the valve ball of the ball valve in such a way that the ball valve is closed to protect the semi-permeable elastomer membrane when an operating pressure is applied above a limit value Individual components are followed by a description of how the automatic venting device works after assembly.

Description

The invention relates to an automatic ventilation device with an elastomer membrane - in particular an automatic ventilation device for heating and hot water systems or closed pipe circuits, with particular attention to hydraulic balancing, according to the patent application 'simple ventilation valve with membrane', no. DE 10 2006 015 263 v. Apr. 1, 2006 and in addition, 'Automatic ventilation system with membrane', patent application no. DE 10 2006 021 454 v. May 9, 2006.

Vent valves are used wherever media in closed systems and systems, tanks, boilers, storage tanks or pipelines are subject to thermal effects and pressure equalization must take place. Known applications are compressed air systems, water-carrying systems, fuel systems and tanks, closed systems in traffic engineering. Ventilation valves for liquids are often designed as float valves with a locking mechanism.

• - Helfen beim Befüll- und Entleerungsvorgang, Betriebszustand bis 3 bar
• - Sicherstellen der Automatikentlüftung, Betriebszustand bis 3 bar
• - Standhalten der Druckprüfung, Betriebszustand bis 10 bar.

In the more specific application of the heating and hot water system, the ventilation valves take on three functions / operating modes

• - Help with the filling and emptying process, operating condition up to 3 bar
• - Ensure automatic ventilation, operating condition up to 3 bar
• - Withstand the pressure test, operating condition up to 10 bar.

Membrane technology is still a young technology, but is subject to permanent renewal due to its almost unlimited application possibilities. The use of membranes takes place in a wide variety of technical disciplines, such as medicine / dialysis, beverage industry / filtering and alcohol withdrawal, process water / cleaning and filtration, traffic, vehicle technology / cavity ventilation, etc. Membranes are manufactured as semi-permeable films and their purpose is different Product parameters determined; they withstand high liquid pressures, but are permeable to gaseous media. The membrane material is made of plastic, e.g. Polyethylene, polypropylene (PP) or polystyrene (PS), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or polyurethane (PUR), or made of elastomeric plastic, such as acrylonitrile (A / PE) or rubber (EVA, IIR, NR, SI, ...), is hydrophobic / hydrophilic and / or oleophobic / oleophilic, chemically compatible in many areas, suitable for sterilization, not wettable with the smallest surface tensions.

• - Definierte Massenströme an jedem Heizkörper im Auslegungsfall
• - Gleichmäßige Massenstromverteilung in Aufheizphasen
• - Gute Regeleigenschaften des Thermostatventils.

Hydraulic balancing - in accordance with DIN EN 12 831 (Jun. 2003) and required in VOB / C DIN 18 380 - describes a process with which each heating element or heating circuit of a surface heating system within a heating system exactly matches the heat quantity at a specified flow temperature of the heating system is supplied, which is required to achieve the desired room temperature for the individual rooms. This is usually achieved when planning, installing and commissioning the system; Subsequent hydraulic balancing is also provided by means of fittings in the pipe network, such as presettable thermostatic valves. The goals of hydraulic balancing are

• - Defined mass flows on each radiator in the design case
• - Uniform mass flow distribution in heating phases
• - Good control properties of the thermostatic valve.

In order to preset the flow rate for each radiator, either thermostatic valves with a flow characteristic value by means of an adapted kV cone are used or the flow resistances are set using the return screw fittings. Since a vented heating or hot water system is the basic prerequisite for the adjustment, the use of an automatic venting device on the radiator or hot water device is obvious, which also creates measurement requirements for the feasibility of the hydraulic adjustment.

To create the prerequisite for a permanently ventilated heating or hot water system, the system is 'conditionally opened' to the atmosphere by a liquid-tight, breathable, semi-permeable membrane or elastomer membrane.

Subsequently, it is proposed to open the heating and hot water system for gas and water vapor permeability, in which semi-permeable - liquid-blocking and gas and vapor-permeable - membranes or elastomer membranes in independent pressure compensation elements (DAE) or in connection with hose or Pipe inlets or outlets for pressure equalization (DA) and thus ensure a vented system. Depending on the application, different plastic membrane materials are used for ventilation, such as polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or polyurethane (PUR) or like acrylonitrile (A / PE) , Rubber (EVA, IIR, NR, SI, ...) - whereby there is primarily a dependence on media compatibility, such as hydrophobic / -phile or oleophobic / -phile characteristics of the membrane material.

The elastomer membrane of the inventive novelty preferably consists of a rubber material - such as silicone rubber - with good gas and water vapor passage numbers, which is processed in a 2K or 3K (component) spraying process directly with a venting device to a ventilation valve , Due to the required shape of the elastomer membrane and the Shore hardness of the material, a finger-like / star-shaped or ring-shaped carrier is used, for example, which is overmolded with the rubber material as a component or insert.

All plastic materials are highly or slightly permeable to gases, vapors or liquids; permeability is also referred to as permeation or permeability, the raw solution or the feed is fed to the membrane, the concentrate or permeate passes through the membrane, the different residual amount of raw solution and concentrate is the retentate. Permeability to water vapor, gases and vapors for liquids are particularly important. High or low permeability of plastic films / membranes for certain substances can be required or undesirable depending on the area of application.

• - für die Gasdurchlässigkeit ca. 600 cm³ × mm / ( m² × h × bar); d.h. Menge Luft, gemessen in cm³, die pro Stunde bei einer Druckdifferenz von 1 bar eine Membrane von 1 m² Fläche und 1 mm Dicke durchdringt
• - für die Wasserdampfdurchlässigkeit ca. 40 g × mm / ( m² × d ); d.h. Masse Wasserdampf in g, die in 24 Stunden eine Membrane von 1 m² Fläche und 1 mm Dicke durchdringt.

According to the present inventive novelty, water should consist of air - essentially consisting of approx. 78% nitrogen (N ₂ ), approx. 21% oxygen (O ₂ ) and approx. 0.04% carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ) and water vapor, measured in relative humidity - to be withdrawn; the ratio of passage in plastics for N2: O ₂ : CO ₂ is about 1: 4: 16. Another example concerns the permeability of water vapor to prevent the formation of condensate in the housings of control and regulating systems. With almost all plastic films - with the exception of cellulose hydrate (CH), trade name cellophane or cellophane - the permeability decreases with the thickness. The membrane permeability of gas is measured according to the test standard DIN 53 380 in the unit [cm ³ / m ² × d × bar] and that of water vapor according to the test standard DIN 53 122 in the unit [g / m ² × d]. Magnitudes are for rubber, 50 shore hardness, 20 ° C temperature

• - for gas permeability approx. 600 cm ³ × mm / (m ² × h × bar); ie amount of air, measured in cm ³ , which penetrates an hourly membrane with a pressure of 1 bar and a surface of 1 m ² and a thickness of 1 mm
• - for the water vapor permeability approx. 40 g × mm / (m ² × d); ie mass of water vapor in g which penetrates a membrane of 1 m ² area and 1 mm thickness in 24 hours.

Hydrophobic plastics do not absorb water vapor, so there is no influence on gas permeation; Hydrophilic plastics can absorb considerable amounts of water vapor, which increases the gas passage.

1. 1. Durchgang durch porenfreie Kunststoffschichten infolge Lösungsdiffusion bei
   1. a) und
   2. b) außerhalb der Poren im die Poren umschließenden Kunststoff
   (Permeation, Normalfall)
2. 2. Durchgang durch größere Poren und Fehlstellen infolge Fick'scher Diffusion
   1. a) wobei die Poren die gesamte Membrandicke durchdringen, wie offenporiger Schaum oder Perforierungen oder poröse Membranen
   2. b) wobei die Poren sich innerhalb der Membrane befinden, wie geschlossenporiger Schaum oder poröse Membranen
   (Durchmesser der Poren > freie Weglänge der Gasmoleküle)
3. 3. Durchgang durch Mikroporen infolge Knudsen-Diffusion
   1. a) wie bei mikroporösen Membranen
   2. b) in den eingeschlossenen Poren wie bei mikroporösen Membranen
   (Porendurchmesser < freie Weglänge der Gasmoleküle).

At the same total pressure inside and outside two membrane-separated rooms, three gas passage mechanisms can be described by plastics, such as

1. 1st passage through non-porous plastic layers due to solution diffusion
   1. a) and
   2. b) outside the pores in the plastic enclosing the pores
   (Permeation, normal case)
2. 2. Passage through larger pores and defects due to Fick's diffusion
   1. a) wherein the pores penetrate the entire membrane thickness, such as open-cell foam or perforations or porous membranes
   2. b) wherein the pores are located within the membrane, such as closed-cell foam or porous membranes
   (Diameter of the pores> free path length of the gas molecules)
3. 3. Passage through micropores due to Knudsen diffusion
   1. a) as with microporous membranes
   2. b) in the enclosed pores as in microporous membranes
   (Pore diameter <free path length of the gas molecules).

If the total pressure difference between the rooms arises
to 1. the solution diffusion
to 2. a Poiseuille flow in place of Fick's diffusion; leads to pressure equalization in a relatively short time (seconds to days)
to 3. the Knudsen diffusion.

The gas diffusion when the gas passes through micropores is not temperature-dependent.

The passage mechanisms for water vapor correspond to those of the gas passage. If the water content is very high, capillary condensation can also occur in the pores as a transport mechanism due to the capillary condensation. In the solution diffusion during the passage of gases, the gas passage increases linearly with the partial pressure difference of the through gas, which is due to the sorption, which often increases non-linearly with the partial pressure of the water vapor of elastomer membranes does not apply to water vapor; A linear conversion for the driving gradient of the water vapor partial pressure - or the relative humidity - is not permitted.

In addition to a rather coarse mechanical perforation, laser technology offers the possibility of imparting a microperforation to a film or membrane that is specifically adapted to the respective application. The hole size and the number of holes are dimensioned so that air circulation is possible, but moisture is retained. Other processes are needle technology and flame perforation. The laser is characterized by smaller holes, which are protected against tearing by a micro-melt rim. In addition, the laser works without contact and reliably at high web speeds, contrary to the risk of breakage with needles.

A change in the relation of the gas passage is only possible by introducing pores into the films / membranes and in order to be able to influence the continuity in a targeted manner, both in terms of the volume and in the ratio of the gases to one another. The permeability is made up of the solution diffusion of the film / membrane and the Fick or Knudsen diffusion of the micropores, and the total passage and the relation of the passages are determined by a targeted selection of both influences. Microperforation can be achieved by mixing the finest mineral fillers with molecular diffusion channels in the particle or at the particle / plastic contact point, which can also be influenced by stretching the film (packaging / housing with controlled atmosphere - Controlled Atmosphere Package [CAP] / Housing [ CAH]).

At this point, the state of the art will not be assessed and the detailed description according to the patent application 'Automatic ventilation system with elastomer membrane', no. DE 10 2010 051 890 v. Nov. 22, 2010, where such a breathable automatic ventilation system for heating and hot water systems or closed pipe circuits is presented - with special attention to hydraulic balancing.

The automatic ventilation system with elastomer membrane consists of a cover cap, an upper part, a membrane and a lower part. The plastic parts of the cover cap and the upper part are injection molded in two parts, but are made in one piece by joining and welding, pressing and / or gluing. The upper and lower parts are screwed together using the membrane inserted as an insert or, better, with the membrane molded onto the upper part using the 2K (component) process as a sealing part. The preferably plastic lower part also has a ball valve, which seals against a central bore in the lower part by means of a ball and a helical spring, but is influenced by a plunger of the upper part which, depending on the screw depth, releases a gas and liquid channel between the upper and lower part. Similar to a double sleeve, the lower part has another external thread, which, provided with a sealing ring, forms the connection to the heating or hot water system or closed pipe circuits.

When registering, it is assumed that the automatic ventilation system, consisting of the cover flap, upper part, semi-permeable membrane, lower part and ball valve, has a liquid and gas channel, which is reduced to semi-permeable by the membrane body connected to the gas passage body to the gas channel. With the gas passage body - and thus also with the semi-permeable membrane - a shape - similar to a lemon squeezer - was chosen, which on the one hand offers a large passage area for the gas channel and on the other hand - in the combination of upper and lower part - is able to produce a thin one to absorb permeation-dependent membrane layers and also to isolate them against higher pressure. The design advantages related to the gas channel and the permeation rate could have a negative impact on the plastic injection molding implementation and the associated tool effort.

With the European patent EP 2 472 151 v. July 22, 2011 the construction of an automatic ventilation system with an elastomer membrane is known, in which the guidance of the liquid and gas channel is designed in such a way that the semi-permeable elastomer membrane in the 2K (component) plastic spraying process is in progress Production process is introduced.

The automatic ventilation system with elastomer membrane consists of a cover (not shown), an upper part, a membrane, a lower part and a ball valve. The plastic parts cover and top are injection molded in two parts, but are made in one piece by joining and welding, pressing and / or gluing. The upper and lower parts are screwed together as a sealing part using the membrane molded onto the upper part using the 2K (component) process. The preferably plastic lower part also has a ball valve, which seals by means of a ball and a coil spring (not shown) against a bore in the lower part, but influences by a plunger of the upper part, which depending on the screw depth between the upper and lower part, a liquid / gas channel releases. The lower part has - similar to a double sleeve - another external thread, which, provided with a sealing ring (not shown), connects to the heating or hot water system or closed pipe circuits.

The gas channel is further formed by a gas passage body, has a number of support ribs spaced at a 60 ° angle, spatially diagonally directed to the lower part, which receive in their center an axially directed fastening dome, the end directed towards the lower part into a plunger serving as an actuating element for the spring-loaded ball valve passes over. Furthermore, support ribs and fixing dome for the membrane function are extrusion-coated, the sum of the support ribs spanning a surface shaped like a truncated cone. The background of this somewhat unusual appearing surface design, formed by six open support ribs / openings, is to be able to absorb the pressures of the various operating states, also in connection with the injected comparatively thin membrane in relation to the spanned surface and the pressures to be absorbed.

The relatively thin, sprayed elastomer membrane consists - an increase in the material thickness is in the reciprocal relationship to the number of passes - from an approximately frusto-conical, support rib-encapsulated material body - with an inner surface, which also includes the fastening dome - the circular outer edge is closed by a material bead and with the Cover forms an annular gap for the gas channel, and has a hollow cylindrical outer surface, which is formed by molding an annular extension of the upper part and seals as a sealing cylinder against the cylindrical extension of the lower part. The elastomer membrane is a one-piece part produced in a two-component process with the upper part and acts on the areas of the inner surface that are not molded around a support rib.

The operation of the automatic ventilation system can be described as follows; there are essentially two operating states and a transition state as well as a special case - operating state 3.

If the upper and lower part are loosely screwed on, the tappet of the upper part does not act axially on the ball valve and the ball closes the central bore of the tubular extension of the lower part tightly, since the spring acts on the ball in the axial direction. If there is an internal pressure in the system that outweighs the external pressure - usually atmospheric pressure - this also acts as a seal on the surface of the ball. The frustoconical space between the upper and lower part - also referred to as the liquid / gas channel - remains depressurized and / or empty

- Operating state 1.

If the upper part is now screwed gradually to the lower part, the hollow cylindrical extension of the upper part with overmolded elastomer of the membrane body pushes sealingly into the hollow cylindrical extension 1 of the lower part, with the sealing ball valve still closed

- transition state.

If the upper part is further hand-screwed to the lower part, the sealing function of the sealing cylinder of the diaphragm body acts absolutely and the tappet of the upper part opens in an axial direction against the spring pressure and possibly against the internal pressure on the ball valve; the frustoconical space between the upper and lower part - also known as the liquid / gas channel - fills up with pressure

- Operating state 2.

This is the 'normal' operating state, the internal pressure presses the liquid / gas mixture with operating pressure against the semi-permeable membrane body: liquids are retained, gases can escape through the semi-permeable membrane through the gas channel designed as an annular gap between the support ribs of the upper part and the circular lid. The relatively thin-walled semipermeable membrane is held by the molded-over support ribs and bulges - depending on the internal pressure - in the area of the openings that result between the support ribs.

The system and the water-bearing system under the significantly higher test pressure represent a special case

- Operating status 3.

In this operating state, the upper part is previously unscrewed from the lower part so that the ball valve closes tightly and the automatic ventilation system withstands this pressure. After the leak test has been carried out, the ventilation valve is again in the operating state 2 to screw. Due to local and spatial conditions, the preparation and post-processing for operating state 3 turns out to be very disadvantageous because of the effort involved.

The invention is therefore based on the object of creating a device according to the preamble of claim 1 while circumventing the above disadvantages. This object is achieved by the characterizing features of claim 1; the subclaims refer to advantageous refinements. The goal is Construction of an automatic venting device with membrane, in which the guidance of the liquid and gas channel is designed in such a way that the operating state 3 can be established without manual intervention.

The automatic venting device with membrane consists of an upper part, a membrane, a lower part and a ball valve. The upper and lower part are screwed together as a semi-permeable sealing part using the elastomer membrane molded or inserted in the upper part using the 2K (component) process. The lower part, which is preferably made of plastic, also has an axially directed, cylindrical valve seat in its center, which closes towards the upper part with a cone as a valve seat and contains a valve ball supported by a valve spring, which can seal against the cone. The valve spring supports and positions the ball against the change in position towards the lower part and furthermore causes the ball in the valve seat to seal like a ball valve when the upper part is screwed on for the purpose of cleaning or membrane change and the valve housing is opened.

1. a) < 3 bar öffnet und bei
2. b) > 3 bar schließt,

wobei der Grenzwert von 3 bar durch die eingesetzten Federn bestimmt und änderbar ist.The upper part, which is also preferably made of plastic, also has a concentric bore in the extension of the valve seat of the lower part or a central pin shaped as a hollow cylinder with a cylindrical plunger supported by a compression spring, which is directly on the valve ball of the lower part, but axially offset by 180 ° in the direction Lower part works. The compression spring of the upper part is biased so that it acts on the plunger and thus on the ball of the lower part in such a way that the ball valve thus formed at

1. a) <3 bar opens and at
2. b)> 3 bar closes,

the limit of 3 bar is determined and changeable by the springs used.

In case a), the water pressure below the limit acts on the ball of the ball valve of the lower part supported by the valve spring and is in equilibrium with the spring force of the compression spring of the upper part, which acts on the ball of the lower part 180 ° axially offset via the tappet of the upper part. The ball valve is open; the ball is supported by the valve spring of the lower part. Through a channel-like opening in the side of the valve body, the liquid / gas channel, the water or air reaches the semi-permeable elastomer membrane, which is sealed between the upper and lower part; the air formed in the case of a pressureless system can escape beyond the liquid-tight and gas-permeable membrane through symmetrically arranged ventilation holes in the lid of the upper part.

In case b) the water pressure on the ball valve of the lower part is above the limit value determined by the compression spring, so that the ball of the ball valve of the lower part is pressed against the cone of the valve seat and closes in a sealing manner. While the valve spring of the lower part expands with increasing pressure above the limit on the lower part with the change in position of the ball towards the upper part, the compression spring of the upper part with the change in position over the ball of the ball valve and the tappet is compressed as long as the water pressure remains above the limit remains..

The improvement of the automatic ventilation device with membrane with regard to the absorption of a test pressure above a limit value compared to the above-mentioned ventilation solutions concerns the plunger spring-mounted in the upper part of the automatic ventilation device and directed towards the lower part instead of a once-dimensioned, firmly installed with the upper part tappet solution. The automatic venting device with membrane is suitable for all three operating states including the transition state; The ball valve with its various positions protects the elastomer membrane from excessive pressure in operating state 3.

The elastomer membrane is designed as a hollow cylindrical sandwich as a membrane body with a central opening, consisting of an upper and lower supporting / supporting and sealing element with molded rubber-like sealing edges on the inside and outside as a two-component plastic component and the semi-permeable membrane inserted between the elements. While the flat insert 'semipermeable elastomer membrane' has the geometric shape of a circular ring, the corresponding support / support and sealing elements are perforated in a sieve-like manner in the area of the membrane surface. Both at the edges and around the central opening, the support / support and sealing elements each have a rubber-like, semi-circular profiled sealing edge, which in assembly, e.g. glued, the diameters of the semicircular profiles abutting each other, resulting in an inner and an outer circumferential sealing bead, for example in the form of an O-ring.

The inner radius of the circular semi-permeable membrane is increased by the width of the inner sealing edge of the support / support and sealing elements and the outer radius is reduced by the width of the outer sealing edge. The support / support and sealing element in turn forms an insert, which is placed over the compression spring and tappet-bearing central pin of the upper part and by screwing the upper and lower part the water-bearing pipe interior sealed liquid-tight and gas-permeable to the outside.

• 1 Entlüftungsautomat mit Membrane, im Halbschnitt
  1. a) Vorderansicht, Schnittdarstellung
  2. b) Vorderansicht, Seitenansicht
• 2 Entlüftungsautomat, Elastomer-Membrane

The subject matter of the invention is further illustrated below with the aid of drawings of exemplary embodiments enclosed as an appendix. Show it

• 1 Automatic venting device with membrane, half cut
  1. a) Front view, sectional view
  2. b) front view, side view
• 2 Automatic venting device, elastomer membrane

Identical and equivalent components of the exemplary embodiments are each provided with the same reference symbols in the figures.

The description of the device according to the invention is continued on the basis of the explanation of the figures.

How from 1 visible, there is the automatic venting device with an elastomer membrane 1 from a top 10 , an elastomer membrane 50 , a lower part 30 and a ball valve consisting of a valve ball 39 , Valve seat 40 and valve body 41 , The upper and lower part are plastic parts and are screwed together in a liquid-tight manner as a semi-permeable sealing part by means of the elastomer membrane inserted between the upper and lower part, sprayed or joined and glued using the two-component process.

The body 11 of the top 10 consisting of a circular lid 15 and also circular hollow cylinder 13 has at least two functions; on the one hand, its smooth surface creates an aesthetic finish and a calming appearance of the automatic venting device 1 outward. The ribbing on the outside 12 serves as a recessed grip for better handling for the twist lock, by means of which the liquid tightness of the automatic venting device is also ensured. The holes provided on an imaginary circle around the center of the cover 16 with the outlet opening 17 form the exit of the gas channel 71 of the automatic venting device. The internal thread 14 the side wall of the upper part represents the mechanical separation / interface between the upper and lower part.

The vent hole 16 of the lid 15 of the top 10 ends in the lower part 30 turned in an annular recess 18 together with the corresponding spatial area 43 the lower part has a seat for the semi-permeable elastomer membrane 50 forms. Concentric around the center of the lid of the upper part is a hollow cylindrical center pin facing the lower part 19 the holder and guide for the compression spring 20 and the cylindrical, axially movable plunger 21 , The central pin is also the carrier of the 52, 54 elastomer membrane that is placed over it and has a rim.

The body 31 of the lower part 30 represents essentially a hollow cylindrical component - similar to a double sleeve - with a first, with the internal thread 14 of the top 10 corresponding external thread 2 34 and in extension over a cylindrical approach 33 second external thread 1 32 , which, provided with a sealing ring (not shown) on the edge, forms the connection to the heating or hot water system or to closed pipe circuits. In addition to a hollow cylindrical recess 35 the lower part has an axially directed, hollow cylindrical valve seat 36 with a lower inlet opening 37 and an upwardly conical valve seat 40 where there is a valve spring attached to the lower edge of the valve seat 38 supported valve ball 39 positioned with the plunger 21 and the compression spring 20 of the top 10 corresponds in axial extension.

Above the valve seat 40 the valve seat 36 the valve body settles 41 in axial, to the upper part 10 pointing direction as a hollow cylinder, the inner diameter of which corresponds to the outer diameter of the central pin 19 of the top 10 forms a loose fit. Below the center peg, the valve body is characterized by radial bores spaced around the circumference 42 which, in its entirety, is a section of the liquid / gas channel 70 form.

The liquid / gas channel 70 Coming from the direction of the plant runs over the inlet 37 who have favourited Valve Mount 36 who have favourited Valve Spring 38 who have favourited Valve Ball 39 , the valve seat 40 , the valve body 41 , the holes 42 and the recesses 43 towards the semi-permeable elastomer membrane 50 and becomes a gas channel from here 71 with the further course over the recess 18 who have favourited Vent Hole 16 and the outlet opening 17 ,

2 shows the multi-part structure of the semi-permeable elastomer membrane 50 , with the possibility that the elastomer membrane made of at least three plastics can also be produced in one piece by multi-component plastic injection molding. The semi-permeable elastomer membrane forms an insert between the upper part 10 and lower part 30 of the automatic venting device 1 and the relatively thin, sprayed or stamped membrane 57 - an increase in material thickness is in reciprocal proportion to the number of passes - also forms an insert between the membrane bodies 51 and 56 , First of all, the elastomer membrane, which is designed as a flat circular disk, consists of an identical membrane body upper part. 51 and lower part 56 , which are designed as a support / support and sealing element. In the area of the membrane surface 58 are the membrane body with holes 53 perforated like a sieve.

Both at the edges and around the central opening 55 have the support / support and sealing elements 51 , 56 around a rubber-like, semi-circular profiled sealing edge 52 , 54, which, for example, is glued together during assembly, the diameters of the semicircular profiles abutting each other, resulting in an inner and an outer circumferential sealing bead, for example in the form of an O-ring. The inner radius 59 the circular semipermeable membrane 57 is around the width of the inner seal edge 54 the support / support and sealing elements 51 , 56 enlarged and the outer radius 58 around the width of the outer seal edge. 52 reduced.
After introducing the individual components, a description of how the automatic ventilation system works after assembly follows.

The operation of the automatic ventilation system can be described as follows; there are essentially two operating states and a transition state as well as a special case - the operating state 3 ,

With loosely screwed top 10 and lower part 30 the plunger works 21 of the upper part not axially onto the valve ball 39 ; this closes the valve seat 40 the valve seat 36 of the lower part, because the valve spring 38 acts axially directed towards the top of the ball. The removal of the upper part is necessary for maintenance work. If there is an internal pressure in the system that outweighs the external pressure - usually atmospheric pressure - this acts via the inlet 37 additionally sealing on the spherical surface. The liquid / gas channel 70 between the upper and lower part remains depressurized and / or empty

- Operating state 1.

Now becomes the top 10 against the lower part 30 screwed gradually, the compression spring moves 20 the upper part against the plunger 21 which is then the surface of the valve ball 39 affected, with the valve ball still closed

- transition state.

Will the top 10 against the lower part 30 screwed on hand tight, the sealing function of the sealing edges works 52 , 54 the membrane body 51 , 56 absolute and on the other hand the pestle 21 of the upper part axially lower part directed against the pressure of the valve spring 38 and if necessary against the system internal pressure opening on the valve ball 39 ; the liquid / gas channel 70 between the upper and lower part is filled with pressure ( 1 )

- Operating state 2.

This is the 'normal' operating state; the internal pressure pushes the liquid / gas mixture through the liquid / gas channel at operating pressure 70 against the semi-permeable elastomer membrane 50 ; Liquids are retained, gases can pass through the membrane 57 , about the recess 18 who have favourited Vent holes 16 and the outlet openings 17 of the gas channel thus formed 71 escape. The relatively thin-walled semipermeable membrane 57 is characterized by the half-shell membrane bodies 51 , 56 stabilized.

The system and the water-bearing system under the significantly higher test pressure represent a special case

- Operating status 3.

In this operating state, the operating pressure rises above the limit value to the test pressure via the inlet 37 and the valve seat 36 , valve spring move 38 and valve ball 39 axially directed towards the ram 21 and the force of the compression spring 20 until the valve ball against the valve seat 40 drives and the ball valve closes. If the operating pressure is reduced significantly below the test pressure, the movement sequence of springs, plunger and ball returns to the operating state 2 around.

Advantageous further developments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims; the numerous possibilities and advantages of the embodiment of the invention are reflected in the number of property right claims.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Auto-Bleeder

10

top

11

body

12

Recessed grip, handle

13

Side wall

14

inner thread

15

cover surface

16

vent hole

17

outlet opening

18

recess

19

center pin

20

compression spring

21

tappet

30

lower part

31

body

32

External thread 1

33

approach

34

External thread 2

35

recess

36

valve receiving

37

Intake

38

valve spring

39

valve ball

40

valve seat

41

valve body

42

drilling

43

recess

50

Elastomeric membrane

51

Membrane body, support / support and sealing element, upper part

52

Sealing edge, outside

53

drilling

54

Sealing edge, inside

55

center opening

56

Membrane body, support / support and sealing element, lower part

57

Membrane, semi-permeable

58

membrane area

59

recess

70

Liquid / gas channel

71

gas channel

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is only included for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent literature cited

• DE 102006015263 [0001]
• DE 102006021454 [0001]
• DE 102010051890 [0019]
• EP 2472151 [0022]

Claims (10)

Automatic venting device with membrane - in particular an automatic venting device for heating and hot water systems or closed pipe circuits with special consideration of hydraulic balancing, characterized in that - the automatic venting device (1) consists of - a hollow cylindrical upper part (10) with cover (15) and internal thread (14) and an axial central pin (19), comprising a compression spring (20) and a tappet (21), - a hollow cylindrical lower part (30) with an external thread (32) as a system connection and a further external thread (34) corresponding to the internal thread of the upper part , - a semi-permeable elastomer membrane (50) as an insert and sealing part between the screwed upper and lower part - a ball valve in the lower part, which is by means of a valve ball (39) and a valve spring (38) against a valve seat (40) in the lower part axially directed towards the top and seals depending on the system pressure, but influenced by the spring Loaded tappet of the upper part, which acts axially on the lower part and depends on the system pressure on the valve ball of the ball valve in such a way that, if an operating pressure is applied via an inlet (37) of a valve seat (36) above a limit value, the ball valve is closed to protect the semi-permeable elastomer membrane , Automatic venting device with membrane Claim 1 , characterized in that - in addition to a hollow cylindrical recess (35), the lower part (30) has an axially directed, hollow cylindrical valve receptacle (36) with a lower inlet opening (37) and an upwardly conically shaped valve seat (40), where a through a valve spring (38) supported on the lower edge of the valve receptacle is positioned, which corresponds to the plunger (21) and the compression spring (20) of the upper part (10) in axial extension. Automatic venting device with membrane according to at least one of the Claims 1 and 2 , characterized in that - in the case of a mechanically separated upper (10) and lower part (30), the valve spring (38) fastened to the lower edge of the valve receptacle (36) seals the supported valve ball (39) axially in the upper part in the valve seat (40) of the lower part suppressed. Automatic venting device with membrane according to at least one of the Claims 1 to 3 , characterized in that - with the upper (10) and lower part (30) screwed in a liquid-tight manner mechanically and by means of the semipermeable elastomer membrane (50), the plunger (21) loaded in the central pin (19) by the compression spring (20) is axially lower-oriented the valve ball (39) touches such that the valve ball-controlled ball valve is open up to a predetermined limit value from the axially upper part-directed system and valve spring (38) pressure and pressure spring pressure. Automatic venting device with membrane according to at least one of the Claims 1 to 4 , characterized in that - the semi-permeable elastomer membrane (50), which is designed as a flat circular disk, consists of an identical membrane body upper part (51) and lower part (56), which are designed as supporting / carrying and sealing elements, an insert Between the upper part (10) and lower part (30) of the automatic venting device (1) and the relatively thin, sprayed or punched membrane (57) also forms an insert between the membrane bodies (51) and (56), in the area of the membrane surface (58) the membrane body with holes (53) are perforated like a sieve. Automatic venting device with membrane according to at least one of the Claims 1 to 5 , characterized in that - both at the edges and around the central opening (55), the support / support and sealing elements (51, 56) each have a rubber-like, semi-circular profiled sealing edge (52, 54) which, when assembled, e.g. glued, the diameters of the semicircles of the profiles abutting each other, resulting in an inner and an outer circumferential sealing bead, for example in the form of an O-ring, the inner radius (59) of the annular semipermeable membrane (57) around the width of the inner sealing edge (54) the support / support and sealing elements are enlarged and the outer radius (58) is reduced by the width of the outer sealing edge (52). Automatic venting device with membrane according to at least one of the Claims 1 to 6 , characterized in that - the liquid / gas channel (70) via the inlet (37), the valve seat (36), the valve spring (38), the valve ball (39), the valve seat (40), the valve body (41) , the bores (42) and the recesses (43) for the semipermeable elastomer membrane (50) and - the gas channel (71) from the semipermeable elastomer membrane (50) via the recess (18), the vent hole (16) and the Outlet opening (17) runs. Automatic venting device with membrane according to at least one of the Claims 1 to 7 , characterized in that - the structure of the semipermeable elastomer membrane (50) is designed with respect to the membrane surface design with semipermeable openings (53) as a function of the gas volume to be discharged in time and the pressures to be recorded of the various operating states both material, thickness, diameter of the membrane (57), the compressive strength of the membrane body (51, 56) with regard to the hole pattern and any necessary stiffening by support ribs. Automatic venting device with membrane according to at least one of the Claims 1 to 8th , characterized in that - the automatic ventilation device assumes the operating states operating state 1, transition state, operating state 2 and operating state 3 and the dimensioning of the recess (18, 43) and plunger (21) is calculated so that the ball valve runs after the state change 1> 2 and when the state changes 2> 1, also by means of a presetting on the central pin (19). Automatic venting device with membrane according to at least one of the Claims 1 to 9 , characterized in that - for the operating state 2, the dimensioning of the recess (18) of the upper part (10), the recess (43), the axial position of the compression spring (20) and the plunger (21) of the lower part (30) is chosen in this way is that the liquid / gas channel is maximized in volume through the opening of the valve ball (39) of the ball valve to the valve seat (40).

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