DE202009017110U1 - Membranbaukomponente - Google Patents

Abstract

Membrane component (A), comprising
An outer layer (OL) in the form of a flexible sheet,
An inner layer (IL) in the form of a flexible sheet,
A flexible photovoltaic element (PV) which forms on or in a flexible carrier a central layer (ML, ML1, ML2) between the outer layer (OL) and the inner layer (IL),
wherein a space bounded by the outer layer (OL) and the inner layer (IL) has a pressure different from an ambient pressure, and wherein the middle layer (ML, ML1, ML2) has at least one opening for allowing pressure equalization between one space formed by the outer layer (OL) and central layer (ML, ML1, ML2) and a space formed by the inner layer (IL) and the middle layer (ML, ML1, ML2).

Description

Of the The term photovoltaic (PV) generally refers to the process of transformation from solar energy to electrical (usable) electricity. Therefor There are a lot of technologies, only a few of them for the production of flexible (foil-like) PV elements suitable which are for use in membrane pillow designs in question, because they bend in at least one direction are.

For the invention is preferably the technology of the flexible thin-film solar modules suitable, in particular with amorphous silicon cells, which are thin and bendable (bendable) in at least one direction. They are also called foil-like. Thus, these are foil-like PV elements particularly suitable, with the likewise thin, bendable and curvable fabrics, preferably made of films or woven fabrics, combined or bonded to become.

It but also other flexible solar cells, for example, Solar (cells) modules and elements are used, for example so-called CIS or CIGS modules, Grätzel cells, organic solar cells Etc.

Membrane cushion structures represent a construction that today is the repertoire of architects and engineers as well as to the appearance of many realized buildings belongs.

Membrane cushion structures represent a possibility of lightweight construction, preferably as a component used in roofs, facades or shells. The weight of such membrane cushion constructions is low. Compared with so-called hard and relatively rigid components in roofs, facades or building envelopes a membrane cushion construction for material and weight savings.

Membrane cushion constructions are usually firmly connected to a substructure or to a primary support system. The connection is usually by means of a peripheral edge profile, so that the weight of the membrane pads and external loads, z. As wind loads and snow loads, can also be removed in the load-bearing substructure or in the primary structure. For reasons of better mountability, the edge profile usually consists of several components that are in operative engagement. ( 6 ). The connection of edge profiles with the substructure or the primary structure usually takes place by means of mechanical fastening, for example by screw connection, so that the dimensional stability of the membrane rim edge is ensured by the relatively rigid edge profile and its connection to the substructure or with the primary structure and the forces can be derived ,

The Many worldwide planned and realized structures mostly transparent membrane cushion constructions, in particular of ETFE films, represent a not inconsiderable total area.

Membrane cushion structures where one or more PV elements are in or on the outer layer (OL) of one or more membrane pads integrated or applied are, for example, by lamination in a transparent ETFE film, have already been prototyped.

Of the The present invention is based on the problem, the PV element or the PV elements in the long term from the weather and great stresses, for example, caused by Hailstones, damp, rain or "blow through" the PV element (applied on the outer layer (OL)) under snow load in case of failure of the internal pressure of the pad.

These Task is in a membrane component of the aforementioned Art solved by the fact that the membrane component an external and an inner layer in the form of a flexible sheet and a flexible photovoltaic element comprising or in a flexible carrier a middle layer between the outer layer and the inner layer, one through the outer layer and the inner one Lage limited space has a pressure which is different from a Ambient pressure is different, and where the central position is at least an opening for allowing pressure equalization between one of the outer layer and the middle layer and a space formed by the inner layer and the middle layer. The opening For example, by a grid, a gas-permeable Membrane or a valve are formed.

The inventive solution has a whole Range of significant advantages over the known membrane cushions with photovoltaic elements on. The for solar radiation in the absorption region of the PV elements as permeable as possible outer Position (OL) of the membrane component, for example a membrane pad, offers a much greater protection in the membrane cushion integrated PV elements from mechanical stress and damage, z. As by rain, snow, temperature, humidity / water vapor, hail, Sandstorm, dirt etc., as this is an application or lamination of the PV elements on or in the outer layer (OL) to offer a membrane pillow.

In the case of the invention, this is relatively expensive PV element not immediately damaged if the outer layer (OL) of the membrane cushion is mechanically damaged, for example by hailstones. The PV element can also be removed and reused. Optionally, the outer layer (OL) can be repaired without having to remove the PV element.

Becomes a membrane cushion with more than two layers designed such that all individual volumes resulting from the layers are in each other communicate to the senses that they have the same gas pressure (in the case of air as the medium: air pressure) results at each mid-layer (ML, ML1, ML2, ...) the pressure difference zero. With sufficient over- or Negative pressure in the membrane cushion, each of these middle layers (ML, ML1, ML2, ...) even with external loads (wind, snow) remain in their normal position in their position when passing through a adequate communication (connection with sufficient cross section) the individual volumes (chambers) no pressure difference at this Middle layers (ML, ML1, ML2, ...) can be set. Without a pressure difference also the PV element on or in such a middle position (ML, ML1, ML2, ...) at rest, d. H. unloaded by external Loads (eg due to wind or snow), if sufficient Membrane cushion internal pressure (overpressure, negative pressure) exists. This reduces the deformations and the strain and increases the lifetime of the PV element or the PV elements in comparison to an application of the PV element or the PV elements on or in the outer layer (OL) of a membrane pad.

About that In addition, the orientation of the photovoltaic elements remains unchanged with respect to the sun, so the won Amount of energy not due to movements of the middle layer or the middle layers being affected.

advantageous Further developments of the invention are in the subclaims specified.

So For example, it is provided that the opening between that of outer layer and middle layer and that of inner location and central location formed space of a controllable Valve are formed.

The controllable valve allows it in an advantageous manner, the orientation not only to maintain constant in the once set way, but by closing and opening the valve specifically to set a pressure difference. This causes by the Tension and warping of the wearer an altered Alignment of the photovoltaic element, so for example the orientation can follow the position of the sun.

The outer one Position and / or the inner layer of the membrane component can about it Be made of a transparent film, preferably from the fluoropolymer material ETFE (ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer).

These Films are characterized by high transparency and high strength and weather resistance, which on the one hand the Optimized efficiency of the photovoltaic system, on the other but also optimal protection of the sensitive photovoltaic Element against mechanical stress and environmental influences ensures. The proposed films are also characterized a long life under outdoor weather and reduce so the cost over the term.

In According to various embodiments, the middle layer for curved inside position.

Especially leads the downwardly curved middle layer to better Behavior under snow or water loads in areas with low Inclination, z. B. in a flat roof, for example in the case of Failure of the gas supply (air supply) or even with snow loads, which exceed the membrane cushion overpressure. In such load cases will be a down curved center position (ML, ML1, ML2, ...) under a load with the applied PV slowly on the inner layer (IL) put down, and load transferred to this. this happens but only when the outer layer (OL) is under the external load (snow or water loads) the middle layer (ML, ML1, ML2, ...) has lowered. The deformations and stresses of the PV elements are low. Is the PV element or On the other hand, the PV elements are on or in an upwardly curved position Position (OL or ML) or on or in several upwardly curved Layers (OL or ML, ML1, ML2, ...) applied, these must Only work together with the PV element or the PV elements wander through the middle plane of the membrane pillow, one speaks in In this case also of a "Durchschlagen". This "punch through" is with much larger deformations, smaller ones Radii of curvature and larger mechanical Stresses (possibly bending, compression or tensile stress) connected, as this is the case with downwardly curved layers. In the latter case, the PV element becomes main claimed by a surface pressure.

It it is possible that the photovoltaic element by gluing, Welding, riveting, screwing, laying in bags or attached to the carrier by strips or straps is, without the solar cells affected by this or damaged.

For some of the mentioned types of connection the replacement is easily possible without the carrier must be replaced, such. As in riveting, screwing, laying in pockets or attachment by strips or straps.

on the other hand can the photovoltaic elements by lamination or lamination be mounted on or in the carrier.

Thereby the protection against environmental influences is improved.

The Photovoltaic element (PV) can be based on the middle layer the carrier or with respect to the membrane component centered or arranged asymmetrically.

This allows the position with respect to the sunlight to optimize.

It is also possible that the one or more photovoltaic elements (PV) the entire area or only part of the area covered or cover the wearer.

Depending on the application, the PV element acts or act the PV elements in addition to generating electrical power z. B. as a shading element (s) or as an element (s) for heat or sound insulation. If the photovoltaic replaces another component of the building envelope, one speaks according to the German draft standard DIN VDE 0126-21 Building Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV). This is the case with this invention when the PV elements replace shading elements or elements for thermal or acoustic insulation. Due to the flexible design of the area covered with photovoltaic elements, the degree of shading can be set as desired.

The Membrane component according to the invention can also have a gas passage to, if necessary, the pressure in the by the outer location and inner location limited space to be adjusted by adding or removing gas.

in the In the case of the invention, the environmental conditions of the PV element in membrane cushion, especially temperature and humidity of the surrounding gas of the PV element, optimized and relatively constant being held. This is, for example, in terms of efficiency and / or the durability of the PV element important as both properties from the operating temperature and possibly also from the air humidity (water vapor diffusion) depending on the type of PV element used.

The Conditioning of the inner volume of the membrane cushion is done, for example through a defined gas exchange rate (in the case of air: air exchange rate) by drying the inflowing into the membrane cushion Gas (eg., Air) by means of a drying device, which can be commercially available, or by cooling the inflowing gas, z. B. by means of a closed gas cycle with integrated heat exchanger or integrated heat pump. The through the heat exchanger or the heat pump recovered energy can be used for heating purposes, for example.

The Cabling of the photovoltaic element may be through the gas passage be guided into the membrane component.

On This way, additional passages in the inner or outer layer avoided. So be on the one hand leakage problems at additional passages avoided and reduced the manufacturing cost of the membrane component.

By the gas passage, it is also possible, one in the membrane component existing or by at least one photovoltaic element (PV) dissipate generated heat by gas exchange.

Of the Efficiency of flexible solar cells is currently under 10% of the solar energy striking the element. The biggest Part of the remaining energy is converted into heat. This heat energy can also be used, if necessary for additional power generation or for heating, for example in connection with a heat exchanger or a heat pump. In addition, the efficiency of photovoltaic elements decreases with increasing temperature (above the optimum temperature). A removal of the heat by exchange of the surrounding gas thus increases the efficiency of the photovoltaic system.

About that In addition, it is possible that in the membrane component (A) existing or generated by the photovoltaic element (PV) heat for flushing edge profiles with warm gas.

Especially In case of snowfall, it is cheap, by targeted melting of overlaying snow the snow load on construction too reduce and at the same time the shading of the photovoltaic Eliminate elements by the overlying snow and so the Increase the efficiency of the photovoltaic system.

Furthermore, the outer layer (OL) on its side facing the photovoltaic element at least partially have an increased reflection, preferably to the solar radiation reflected by the photovoltaic element again to reflect back to a photovoltaic element.

The integration of the invention into the volume of the membrane cushion, for example on or in a middle position (ML, ML1, ML2, ...) or on the inner layer (IL), causes the outer Position (OL) of the membrane cushion in the beam path between the sun and the PV element is located, indicating the efficiency of the PV element depending on the light transmittance of OL impaired. This effect can be reduced by facing the PV element Side of the outer layer (OL) coated in such a way or vapor-deposited (for example with a metal vaporization), that this position (OL) still has as much light from the outside as possible transmitted inwards, but also an increased share the radiation reflected by the PV element on its inside back on the PV element throws (semitransparent, inside highly reflective). This effect can increase the efficiency of the PV element increase, so that the reduction of transmission through the outer Situation (OL) can be partly compensated.

The Membrane component according to the invention is suitable for installation in new or existing building parts, preferably roofs, facades or building envelopes.

Of the The purpose of the present invention is the use one or more membrane cushion constructions for the Integration of photovoltaic elements for the production of electrical energy Electricity from solar energy.

Already realized membrane cushion constructions, in particular of transparent ones Plastic films, preferably made of ETFE, can be used with this Invention with appropriate retrofitting with a PV element or with multiple PV elements and with the required connections and components and possibly also with a hitherto non-existent Middle position (ML) or with several middle layers (ML1, ML2, ...), too be used for generating electrical power. New buildings can in terms of their orientation and geometry on this system be tailored, reducing the effectiveness of the flexible PV elements is increased.

It demonstrate:

1a a plan view of a PV element according to an embodiment of the invention;

1b a section through the PV element according to an embodiment of the invention;

2a a basic arrangement of one or more PV elements on one of the layers of the membrane cushion in the transverse direction;

2 B a basic arrangement of one or more PV elements on one of the layers of the membrane cushion in the longitudinal direction;

2c a basic arrangement of one or more PV elements on one of the layers of the membrane pad in asymmetric arrangement;

3a shows the positions and curvatures of a PV element in a prior art membrane pad;

3b shows the positions and curvatures of a PV element in a prior art membrane pad;

3c shows the positions and curvatures of a PV element in a membrane pad according to an embodiment of the invention;

3d shows the positions and curvatures of a PV element in a membrane pad according to an embodiment of the invention;

4 an exploded view of a membrane pad with applied PV elements;

5 an isometric view of a membrane pad with applied PV elements;

6 a PV element on a downwardly curved center layer (ML) of another embodiment of the invention; and

7 a cross section through the holder of the membrane pads at its edge.

1a shows a plan view of a PV laminate; 1b shows a section through the PV laminate, in which the solar cells including solar modules are embedded in a laminate matrix (adhesion promoter), for example consisting of PE or EVA. This laminate matrix is in turn laminated between two ETFE films, possibly of different thickness, resulting in the PV element. The resulting layer package of the PV laminate consists at its edges of an ETFE film or two ETFE films, which can be connected to a layer or with a layer of the membrane cushion, for example by welding. The resulting layer (ML, ML1, ML2, ..., IL) can be connected to parts or circumferentially with other layers (OL, IL) to the membrane pad, for example by welding, gluing or sewing. In the drawing, the letter C describes the PV element, B is the laminate matrix (adhesion promoter) and A is preferably transparent laminating films, which may also be made of ETFE.

2a shows the basic arrangement of one or more PV elements on one of the layers of the membrane pad: a) in the transverse direction, b) in the longitudinal direction and c) in an asymmetrical arrangement. The PV element does not have to cover the entire area and does not have to be centric, as in 3 and 4 shown.

3 shows the possible positions and curvatures of a PV element in a membrane pad.

3a In this view, the PV elements are applied with a distance to each other on or in the middle position (ML), which is curved upward.

3b : In this view, the PV elements are applied next to each other on or in the middle position (ML), which is curved upwards.

3c : In this view, the PV elements on or in the middle layer (ML), which is curved downwards, are applied side by side.

3d : In this view, the PV elements are applied side by side on or in the inner layer (IL).

The PV elements can be without or with a distance to each other to be ordered.

4 shows an exploded view of a membrane pad with applied PV elements on an upward (ML1) and a downwardly curved center layer (ML2). As can be seen, there is no need to tension the middle layer over the entire length of the membrane pad. The central position can also be stretched over portions of the membrane cushion, so that the resulting openings for a pressure equalization above and below the respective center layer (ML) lead. On the inner layer (IL) possible areas for the air inlet and the air outlet are shown, but they can also be mounted on the outer layer (OL).

5 shows an isometric view of a membrane cushion with applied PV elements on an upwardly or on a downwardly curved central position (ML) including edge profile with which the fabric of the membrane cushion can be held and connected to the substructure.

6 shows a PV element on a downwardly curved center position (ML) and a symbolized by arrows solar radiation path (here from top right to bottom left). In this figure, the reflection of the radiation (angle of incidence equal to the angle of reflection) is also indicated by arrows. The inside of the outer layer (OL) of the membrane cushion is metallized here so that the radiation reflected by the PV element is reflected back to the PV element by the reflection of the metallized side of the outer layer (OL).

7 shows the principle of holding the membrane cushion at its edge, called hemstitch or membrane pocket. The membrane bag shown as an example consists of an inserted piping profile, for example a round cord made of the elastomer EPDM, the fabrics (here eg three films or two fabrics and a film) and the weld seam which joins the fabrics together (in the case of fabrics alternatively, for example formed as seam). Such membrane pockets are preferably drawn into Kederleisten, which in turn mounted in edge profiles or attached to these (not shown here).

The The invention relates to the combination of flexible sheet-like photovoltaic Modules (photovoltaic elements), in the following short PV elements called, with a membrane cushion construction, which as independent or fitted roof or facade construction or as a part or whole a building envelope acts.

The The invention underlying membrane cushion construction consists from at least one membrane pillow. It can be part of or as a whole of Roof, facade or building envelope constructions in open or closed buildings, but also in Constructions that are not part of the buildings, be used. This makes the membrane cushion construction typical Tasks of roofs, facades or building envelopes take over. These are, for example, tasks of an outer skin or a room closure, z. B. optical, acoustic, building physics, Fire protection and / or static tasks.

The membrane cushion (s) consist of at least three layers of fabrics, between which a volume which is largely closed off to the outside is filled with a gas, preferably air. This volume of air is or these air volumes are usually characterized by a slight overpressure or negative pressure in relation to the ambient pressure of the air. By resulting from the individual layers of the membrane cushion pressure differences these are biased and stabilized. A pillow with three layers (OL, ML, IL) creates two volumes, with four layers (OL, ML1, ML2, IL) three volumes, etc. The volumes formed with it can communicate with one another. External loads acting on a membrane pad, for example due to wind or snow load, alter the pressure differences However, with communicating volumes only at the outer layer (OL) and at the inner layer (IL).

The The invention includes the arrangement of one or more PV elements on one or more layers of a membrane pad, the Position or layers with the applied PV element or with the applied PV elements is arranged so or are that the PV element or PV elements exposed to the indoor climate in the membrane cushion are and therefore better from the weather and before protected against mechanical stress and damage is or are as if the PV element or the PV elements are on the outer layer (OL) would be applied. With outer layer (OL) is for example in roofs meant the topmost layer of the membrane cushion, the most extreme on facades Location.

The Membrane cushion is, also for reasons of better thermal insulation, equipped with an additional, third layer (ML), on which the PV element is applied or on which the PV elements be applied.

Usually The three layers of a three-layer membrane pad are called outer layer (OL), middle layer (ML) and inner layer (IL) designates (English). For membrane cushions with more than three layers, there may be other middle layers which will be referred to as ML1, ML2 and so on. However, there is always only two layers, which delimit the membrane cushion to the environment. With reference to a building, these are the outer ones Position (OL) and inner position (IL).

For the present invention will become a middle (ML) several middle layers (ML1, ML2, ...) preferably curved downwards when the membrane cushion or if the membrane cushions in flat roof areas is or will be used. The reason is that in case of failure of the air supply one or more membrane cushions and simultaneous Snow or water load Meanage (s) with PV element (s) through the "Penetrate" the median plane of the membrane cushion, which puts a considerable strain on the PV element (s) represents. The same applies in the event that a snow load exceeds the membrane cushion internal pressure or the diaphragm internal pressures.

The reasons for the preferred use of the material ETFE (ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer) as a film material for membrane pad are, for example, its high light transmission, its good durability and its low flammability after the German standard DIN 4102-B1 as well as according to norms of other states.

The This invention provides due to the arrangement of a or multiple PV elements in the interior of the membrane cushion, u. a. due to the integration into the interior climate of the membrane cushion, advantages opposite the o. g. State of the art, as before in the text was explained.

The Individual layers of a membrane cushion can be made of flexible material and elastic fabrics, preferably made of fabrics or foils.

at The present invention are preferably all layers that are in the beam path between the sun and the PV element (s), at least in the solar spectral range in which the used PV element or the PV elements used contribute to power generation render as radiolucent as possible (radiation-transparent) are to train, thus the effective performance of the PV element as high as possible. Layers of the membrane pillow that are not in the optical path between the sun and the PV element (s), can also be made from opaque or slightly translucent fabrics consist.

It does not offer itself, opaque or only translucent fabrics with low light transmission in the beam path of the solar radiation between the sun and PV elements (n)).

Especially suitable are transparent, flexible films of the fluoropolymer material ETFE (ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer), which is the transmission Reduce solar radiation in the visible spectrum only slightly. The reduction is on the order of about 10% - depending on the thickness of the ETFE film. This is special for in the beam path between the sun and the PV element or important to the PV elements.

The Attachment of at least one PV element on at least one layer can preferably by mechanical fixation, for example by welding, Bonding, sewing, riveting, screwing, insertion in bags, tie down with straps, membrane strips or straps or by lamination into the respective position of the membrane cushion.

The PV element consists of either solar modules (protected and switched solar cells) or PV laminate (also with embedded switched solar cells).

In the present invention, either the solar modules z. As by gluing, welding, sewing, laying in bags, lashing straps or strips or by screwing or riveting (outside of the solar cell lenbereiches) are applied to a layer of the membrane cushion, or the PV laminate can be applied directly to a layer of the membrane cushion, z. B. by welding or sewing. In the case of the PV laminate, this PV laminate becomes part of the layer of the membrane pad, preferably a middle layer (ML1, ML2, etc.).

A PV laminate is a layer structure in which the switched solar cells (the solar module) are embedded during the lamination process in a laminate matrix (adhesion promoter, eg of PE or EVA). This layer package consisting of solar module and laminate matrix is in turn embedded (laminated) between two foils (eg made of ETFE) in the lamination process. The result is a PV element with a layer structure of several materials, such as in 1 displayed.

The Laminate matrix (adhesion promoter), z. B. PE or EVA could also be formed so that they the two films (eg. from ETFE) completely substituted. Supplies the PV element or deliver the PV elements DC, it will or will preferably connected to an inverter by means of electric cables, when, for example, alternating current is fed into an electric power grid shall be.

Around to control the operating conditions of the PV element (s) and, if necessary, to control, in particular temperature and humidity (relative / absolute), it is recommended to integrate appropriate sensors (Sensors) into the membrane pad.

necessary Electric cables (PV power cables, cables for sensors Temperature and humidity) in the membrane cushion can preferably by out the air outlet or through the air inlet become. Are there further hoses or Pipes attached, for example, the air supply or when connected in series the membrane cushions are also the connecting tubes or pipes the cables preferably by means of cable feedthrough to lead the hose or pipe wall, for example to enable connection to dataloggers and inverters. Other solutions are possible, for example by direct cable passage through the outer Position (OL) or through the inner layer (IL) of the membrane pad.

A

Membrane cushions, multilayer, consisting of fabrics

B

PV element consisting of: - Solar module (when applying the PV element on a middle layer, z. B. by gluing, welding, Screwing, riveting, laying in bags, fastening with straps or stripes etc.) - PV-laminate (when applying the PV element to a central position (ie the PV element becomes part the middle layer), attachment z. B. by welding, Sewing, etc.)

C

Fabrics, z. B. consisting of coated or uncoated tissues or Films (eg from the fluoropolymer material ETFE (ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer)

D

Edge profile, z. B. aluminum

e

piping profile, z. B. formed as a round cord (eg made of the elastomer EPDM)

F

Beading, z. B. aluminum

G

Kedertasche, z. B. welded to the sheet (eg. both from ETFE)

H

Luffteinlass

I

air outlet

J

Solar module, z. B. consisting of interconnected solar cells, substrate layer, etc.

K

PV laminate z. B. consisting of solar module, adhesion promoter (eg., From EP or EVA matrix) and two film layers (eg consisting of the material ETFE (ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene))

L

Laminate Matrix (Adhesion promoter), z. B. consisting of PE or EVA

M

weld connection

N

Film (s), transparent, (eg consisting of the material ETFE (ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene))

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited non-patent literature

• - DIN VDE 0126-21 [0029]
• - German standard DIN 4102-B1 [0077]

Claims (15)

Membrane component (A), comprising - an outer one Position (OL) in the form of a flexible sheet, - one inner layer (IL) in the form of a flexible sheet, - one flexible photovoltaic element (PV), which on or in one flexible carrier a middle layer (ML, ML1, ML2) between the outer layer (OL) and the inner layer (IL) forms, where one through the outer layer (OL) and the inner layer (IL) limited space has a pressure which differs from an ambient pressure, and wherein the middle layer (ML, ML1, ML2) has at least one opening for enabling a Pressure equalization between one of outer layer (OL) and middle layer (ML, ML1, ML2) formed space and one of inner layer (IL) and middle layer (ML, ML1, ML2) formed space. Membrane component (A) according to claim 1, wherein the outer Position (OL) and / or the inner layer (IL) of a transparent Foil are made, preferably from the fluoropolymer material ETFE (ETFE) copolymer. Membrane component (A) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the opening is formed by a controllable valve becomes. Membrane component (A) according to one of the preceding Claims, wherein the middle layer (ML, ML1, ML2) to the inner Position (IL) is curved. Membrane component (A) according to one of the preceding Claims, wherein the photovoltaic element (PV) by a fixation, such as gluing, welding, sewing, Riveting, screwing, laying in bags or by strips or straps, attached to the carrier. Membrane component (A) according to one of the claims 1 to 4, wherein the photovoltaic element (PV) by on or Lamination on or in the carrier (ML, ML1, ML2) attached is. Membrane component (A) according to one of the preceding Claims, wherein the photovoltaic element (PV) based centered on the central position or asymmetrical. Membrane component (A) according to one of the preceding Claims, wherein the photovoltaic element or the photovoltaic Elements (PV) the entire surface or even a part Cover or cover the surface of the wearer. Membrane component (A) according to one of the preceding Claims, which has a gas passage, if necessary the pressure in the through the outer layer (OL) and inner position (IL) limited space to adjust by supply or discharge of gas. A membrane component (A) according to claim 9, wherein a Wiring of the photovoltaic element (PV) through the gas passage is guided in the membrane component (A). Membrane component (A) according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the membrane building component (A) is adapted to one in the Membranbau component (A) existing or by at least one photovoltaic Element (PV) generated heat through the gas passage means Dissipate gas exchange. A membrane building component (A) according to claim 11, wherein the membrane component (A) is designed to be in the membrane component (A) existing or heated by the photovoltaic element (PV) to flush warm gas through edge profiles. Membrane component (A) according to one of the preceding Claims, wherein the outer layer (OL) on its side facing the photovoltaic element (PV) at least partially increased reflection, preferably to the solar radiation reflected from the photovoltaic element (PV) back to a photovoltaic element (PV) back to reflect. Membrane component (A) according to one of the preceding Claims for installation in new or existing building parts, preferably roofs, facades or building envelopes. System with a membrane component (A) according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the system is configured to include one in the membrane building component (A) existing or by at least one photovoltaic element (PV) generated heat through a heat exchanger or to be harnessed by a heat pump.