DE202009004507U1 - Device for detecting the heat consumption of objects associated with monotube heating systems - Google Patents

Abstract

Device (1) for detecting the heat consumption (Q) of objects (13) assigned to one-pipe heating systems (2)
- Two spaced apart temperature sensors (3, 4) for measuring the temperatures (T1, T2) in a fixed heating line (14) of the object (13), wherein the temperature sensors (3, 4) at least with a transmission module (21) for temperature-carrying signals (ST1, ST2) are provided,
- A volumeter (5) which is attached to an optionally fixed portion (19) of the Einrohrheizsystems (2) and for measuring the Einrohrheizsystem (2) flowing volume (V) of the heating medium and serving as a transfer part (28) for volume-carrying Having signals (SV),
A detection unit (6) for the transmitted signals (ST1, ST2) of the temperature sensors (3, 4) and for the transmitted signals (SV) of the volume meter (5),
- An evaluation unit (7) including a computing unit for determining the derivable from the signals (ST1, ST2) temperature difference .DELTA.T = T1
T2 and the volume derivable from the signal SV.

Description

The The invention relates to a device for detecting heat consumption of Einrohrheizsystemen associated objects.

conventional Devices for recording the heat consumption of single-pipe heating systems assigned objects - radiators, room, Housing unit, buildings - are like that trained that the heat consumption by means of heat meter, the are installed in the pipe heating system, or by means of heat cost allocators, the radiators are fixed, is determined.

One Problem with the heat meters is that at the heat meter, the are subject to verification, a measurement error occurs resulting from errors of the individual components - volume meter, temperature sensor and calculator - composed and in the traffic error range can be up to 20%. As usual one heat meter installed per heating line and object The errors of heat consumption in one building add up to one Total error still over the 20% can go out.

Heat cost allocators capture the heat consumption directly to the radiators. The heat radiation z. B. the present in the housing uninsulated pipes is not with which makes the consumption measurement inaccurate. The heating cost allocators are not subject to calibration and indicate values that are not the represent real consumption in residential units, making them consumer-unfriendly.

at a Einrohrheizsystem flows the heat transfer medium - usually Hot water - in one strand (flow) from one radiator to the next. With this system changes the flow temperature from radiator to radiator, from Room to room. This effect is achieved by enlarging the radiator flow direction compensated for the same heat output.

Q_(t)

– die Energie, abgegeben im Zeitraum t,

Cw

– die spez. Wärmekapazität des Wärmeträgers,

m

– die Masse des Wärmeträgers und

∆T

– die Temperaturdifferenz im Zeitraum t,

sind.To determine the total amount of heat consumed, the temperature difference ΔT between flow and return is measured. From the heat transfer amount flowing through the heating tube system per unit time, from the temperature difference .DELTA.T and from the known water heat capacity Cw with
Cw = 4.19 kJ / kg · degree
the emitted energy per unit time can be calculated according to equation (I): Q (T) = Cw · m · ΔT (1), in which

Q _(t)

The energy given in the period t,

cw

- the spec. Heat capacity of the heat carrier,

m

- The mass of the heat carrier and

.DELTA.T

The temperature difference in the period t,

are.

The measured quantity Q _(t) is integrated by the conventional heat quantity meters over time, so that the consumed thermal energy value Q can be displayed at any time.

to Measurement or calculation of heat consumption especially a residential unit in a building are currently heating cost allocators used, the at the theoretically determined thermal center of the radiator be attached and there capture the temperature.

Under consideration The technical characteristic of the radiator is the heat consumption of the radiator calculated.

Of the Total heat consumption of the room / housing unit is made up of one share, the over the base area the apartment is determined, and a consumption-based proportion, the over the results of the measurement are calculated with the heat cost allocator becomes. These two shares are in the ratio up to max. 50:50 considered.

This Calculation method is in itself very questionable, since thus the possibility the influence on the heat consumption is severely restricted by the tenant. It takes into account ultimately the defects and technical shortcomings of the two measuring and billing methods used. The heat consumption measurement or heating billing is with the following problems and inaccuracies, which in practice is too many legal Problems leads.

• – Die Berechnung berücksichtigt nur den Wärmeverbrauch des Heizkörpers, die Abstrahlung der Rohrleitung kann nicht erfasst werden.
• – Bei einer Installation in bestehenden Heizsystemen, was fast immer der Fall ist, kann der konkrete Zustand des Heizkörpers, wie Verschmutzung, Zusetzung usw. nicht ermittelt und beachtet werden. Damit wird der Heiz kostenverteiler an falscher Stelle montiert, die Messergebnisse sind somit falsch.
• – Vom Wohneinheitsnutzer vorgenommene Veränderungen im Heizsystem oder Manipulationsversuche werden nicht erkannt und fließen folglich nicht in die Berechnung ein. In manchen Ländern z. B. ist es keine Seltenheit, dass die Bereitstellung der Wärmeenergie unzureichend ist, so dass die Bewohner zusätzlich Heizkörper oder Rippen montieren, um mehr Heizleistung zur Verfügung zu haben.
• – Die derzeit gebräuchlichen Heizkostenverteiler haben prinzipiell technische Mängel hinsichtlich Manipulationserkennung, Kaltanzeige, Fremdwärmeerkennung usw. Damit ist die Messwertgenauigkeit letztendlich sehr fraglich.
• – Die beim Einsatz von Heizkostenverteiler notwendige individuelle Heizkörperbewertung und individuelle Programmierung der Heizkostenverteiler sowie die fachgerechte Montage birgt weitere Fehlerquelle
• – Die Umverteilung über die m²-Anzahl der Wohneinheiten ist ein prinzipieller Rückschritt und deshalb abzulehnen.

Some major defects are:

• - The calculation takes into account only the heat consumption of the radiator, the radiation of the pipeline can not be detected.
• - When installing in existing heating systems, which is almost always the case, the concrete condition of the radiator, such as soiling, clogging, etc. can not be determined and observed. Thus, the heating cost allocator is mounted in the wrong place, the measurement results are therefore wrong.
• - Modifications in the heating system or manipulation attempts made by the residential unit user are not recognized and are therefore not included in the calculation. In some countries z. For example, it is not uncommon for the provision of heat energy to be inadequate, so that the occupants additionally mount radiators or fins in order to have more heating power available.
• - The currently used heat cost allocators have in principle technical defects with regard to manipulation detection, cold indication, external heat detection, etc. Thus, the measurement accuracy is ultimately very questionable.
• - The necessary for the use of heat cost allocators individual radiator rating and individual programming of the heat cost allocators and professional installation holds another source of error
• - The redistribution over the m ² number of housing units is a fundamental step back and therefore rejected.

Einrohrheizsysteme are still in many countries widespread heating systems in multi-family houses / blocks of flats.

The Heating medium or the heat transfer medium flows through the Riser (or downpipe from top to bottom) the one above the other lying rooms and the radiators installed there. The occurring temperature drop and the associated lower energy input are due to different dimensions of the radiator and sometimes in addition to one Bypass balanced with regulating valve, so that the superimposed Rooms at correct dimensioning of the systems the same amount of heat could receive.

The Measurement of the heat consumed is designed both theoretically and in these heating systems very complicated and therefore very inaccurate.

Of the Invention is based on the object, a device for detecting of heat consumption specify such objects associated with Einrohrheizsystemen is suitably designed that the measurement accuracy of the heat consumption underlying parameters and the determination of heat consumption from the heat containing objects is improved.

The The object is solved by the features of the protection claim 1.

• – zwei voneinander beabstandete Temperatursensoren zur Messung der Temperaturen T1, T2 in einem festgelegten Heizstrang des Objektes, wobei die Temperatursensoren zumindest mit einem Übertragungsmodul für temperaturwerttragende Signale ST1 und ST2 versehen sind,
• – einen Volumenmesser, der an einem wahlweise festgelegten Abschnitt des Einrohrheizsystems angebracht ist und zur Messung des durch das Einrohrheizsystem strömenden Volumens V des Heizmediums dient und der ein Übertragungsteil für volumenwerttragende Signale SV aufweist,
• – eine Erfassungseinheit für die übertragenen Signale ST1 und ST2 der Temperatursensoren und für die übertragenen Signale SV des Volumenmessers,
• – eine Auswerteeinheit einschließlich einer Recheneinheit zur Ermittlung der aus den Signalen ST1, ST2 ableitbaren Temperaturdifferenz ΔT = T1 – T2 und des aus dem Signal SV ableitbaren Volumens V, wobei in der Auswerteeinheit der Wärmeverbrauch Q mit programmtechnischen Mitteln aus der ermittelten Temperaturdifferenz ΔT = T1 – T2 und dem ermittelten Volumen V nach Gleichung (III) Q = Cw·V·(T1 – T2) (II)mit Cw als einer bestimmten wärmeträgerabhängigen Konstanten berechnet wird, und
• – eine Anzeigeeinheit zur Darstellung zumindest des Wärmeverbrauchs Q,

wobei im Eingangsbereich des Objektes der erste Temperatursensor an einem ersten Rohrstück des Einrohrheizsystems und im Ausgangsbereich des Objektes der zweite Temperatursensor an einem zweiten Rohrstück des Einrohrheiz systems gehaltert angebracht sind, wobei zwischen den rohrgehalterten Temperatursensoren sich der für das Objekt festgelegte Heizstrang befindet.The device for detecting the heat consumption of Einrohrheizsystemen associated objects comprises

• Two temperature sensors spaced apart from one another for measuring the temperatures T1, T2 in a fixed heating strand of the object, the temperature sensors being provided at least with a transmission module for temperature-carrying signals ST1 and ST2,
• A volumeter attached to an optionally fixed portion of the monotube heating system and for measuring the volume V of the heating medium flowing through the monotube heating system and having a volume-carrying signal transmission part SV,
• A detection unit for the transmitted signals ST1 and ST2 of the temperature sensors and for the transmitted signals SV of the volume meter,
• - An evaluation unit including a computing unit for determining the derivable from the signals ST1, ST2 temperature difference .DELTA.T = T1 - T2 and derivable from the signal SV volume V, wherein in the evaluation of the heat consumption Q with programmatic means from the determined temperature difference .DELTA.T = T1 - T2 and the determined volume V according to equation (III) Q = Cw * V * (T1-T2) (II) is calculated with Cw as a specific heat carrier dependent constant, and
• A display unit for displaying at least the heat consumption Q,

wherein in the input region of the object, the first temperature sensor attached to a first piece of pipe of the Einrohrheizsystems and the output region of the object, the second temperature sensor mounted on a second piece of pipe Einrohrheiz system, wherein between the tubular temperature sensors is the temperature determined for the object heating element.

• – mindestens einen temperaturempfindlichen Messfühler,
• – das Übertragungsmodul, das mit dem Messfühler in elektrischer Verbindung steht und das das temperaturwerttragende Signal ST zur Übertragung bereitstellt,
• – einen Gehäusemantel, der aus mindestens zwei Gehäuseschalen besteht, die lösbar zusammensteckbar sind, so dass der Messfühler und das Übertragungsmodul darin geschützt eingebettet sind,

wobei der Messfühler mit Unterstützung von auf den Messfühler aufgetragener wärmeleitender Thermopaste einen intensiven Kontakt an einer blanken Stelle der jeweiligen Rohrstücke des Einrohrheizsystems aufweist.The temperature sensors may contain

• At least one temperature-sensitive sensor,
• The transmission module which is in electrical connection with the sensor and which provides the temperature-carrying signal ST for transmission,
• - A housing shell, which consists of at least two housing shells, which are detachably plugged together, so that the sensor and the transmission module are embedded embedded protected,

wherein the sensor, with the assistance of thermally conductive thermo paste applied to the sensor, has an intensive contact at a bare point of the respective pipe sections of the one-pipe heating system.

The transmission module of the temperature sensors may include a printed circuit board on which the functional units for forming a transmission signal ST and an antenna for transmitting the Sen designals ST are present to the registration unit.

The transmission module the temperature sensors are assigned a power supply unit, for the z. As a battery or a rechargeable battery or a power supply can be provided.

The Temperature sensors are by means of an inner mounting plate, the fixed by means of fasteners attached to the pipe sections fixed Lockable on the pipeline, with the fastener the circuit board is firmly positioned, with the mounting plate the circuit board with the assemblies thereon and the Power supply unit in mechanically holding connection.

Within of the housing jacket the temperature sensor, in particular within the housing shells is thermally insulating Material, in addition to the heat insulation also contributes to the retention of the internal components.

Of the Volumeter can with a transmission part including an antenna and a power supply unit for transmission of the volume-value-carrying signal SV to the detection unit be.

Of the Volumeter with a pulse output of the associated transmission part is in the heating train, on the at least one radiator are connected, with the pulse output of the transmission part is in communication with the detection unit and wherein the transmission part the detected pulses of the signals SV to the electronic detection unit and the connected evaluation unit and display unit transmits.

The Object can be a residential unit and per dwelling unit are two such temperature sensors as an input sensor with the measured Temperature T1 and as output sensor with the temperature to be measured T2 provided, wherein the input sensor in the region of the entrance into the object - in the residential unit - and the output sensor in the area of the exit from the object - from the Housing unit - when stacked lying or adjacent housing units attached are.

At the Inlet and at the outlet of a heating unit assigned residential unit are the probes on the surface the pipe pieces attached, insulated and with the transmission module via cable connected, wherein the transmission module the temperature sensors the signals ST1 and ST2 of the temperature values T1 and T2 to the electronic detection unit and the other Processing transfers to the evaluation and finally to the display unit.

The transfers the signals ST1, ST2 and SV can by radio and / or by routed cable.

Q

– Wärmeverbrauch, [kWh],

T1 – T2

Temperaturdifferenz zwischen Eingangstemperatur T1 und Ausgangstemperatur T2, [K],

V

– Volumenverbrauch, [I] und

Cw

– Wärmekapazität von Wasser, [J/g·K], Cw = 4,19

sind.In the electronic processing unit, the parameter values T1, T2, V, Cw are linked according to equation (II) and the calculated absolute heat consumption Q is finally displayed in the display unit: Q = Cw * (T1-T2) * V (II), in which:

Q

- heat consumption, [kWh],

T1 - T2

Temperature difference between inlet temperature T1 and outlet temperature T2, [K],

V

- Volume consumption, [I] and

cw

- Heat capacity of water, [J / g · K], Cw = 4.19

are.

In A single-pipe heating system is the volume consumption that is practical per unit of time the radiator / rooms flows through, the same everywhere.

ΔV

– die Volumenänderung,

V₀

– das Anfangsvolumen,

γ_H2O

– der Volumenausdehnungskoeffizient = 0,00018 und

ΔT

– die Temperaturdifferenz ≈ 30°C (zwischen dem Vorlauf und dem Rücklauf des Heizstranges)

und im Ergebnis eine Volumenänderung
∆V = 0,0054 V₀ bzw.
∆V = 0,5% V₀ zeigt.Since the amount of water can be determined only via a volume measurement, a deviation occurs, which is due to a volume change .DELTA.V, which in turn is due to the temperature change .DELTA.T and is determined according to equation (III): ΔV = V 0 · γ H2O · ΔT (III), in which

.DELTA.V

The volume change,

V ₀

- the initial volume,

γ _H2O

- the volumetric expansion coefficient = 0.00018 and

.DELTA.T

- the temperature difference ≈ 30 ° C (between the flow and the return of the heating system)

and as a result a volume change
ΔV = 0.0054 V ₀ or
ΔV = 0.5% V ₀ shows.

The volume change ΔV = 0.5% V ₀ as a deviation can be practically neglected.

The delivered amount of heat in an object of a Einrohrheizsystems is directly proportional to the Temperature difference of the object to the total difference of the Einrohrheizsystems.

The distribution of heat consumption Q for an object within a heat pipe with several In the case of a flow having the same volume consumption, directly adjacent objects V is proportional to the temperature difference ΔT = T1-T2 between the inlet region and the outlet region of the heating element of an object.

to Determination of heat consumption an object, eg. B. a radiator / room Thus, it is sufficient, the temperature difference .DELTA.T = T1 - T2 this radiator / space in proportion to set the total difference of Einrohrheizsystems. This proportionate Consumption can be compared with the absolute consumption (considering the perfused Volume and heat capacity) multiplied and gives the exact absolute heat consumption of each Heater / space.

Consequently is the basic idea for determining the heat consumption of a radiator / space and their proportional heating cost determination therein, the respective temperature differences in the system over the Time course to measure and from the ratio of this difference the proportionate and / or absolute heat consumption (or the equivalent Costs).

By doing the temperature measuring points for the determination of ΔT to the boundary of the object (Radiator, Room, housing unit, building ...) be laid, d. H. it is measured where the supply line of the Einrohrheizsystems enters the object, and where the Return line can leave the object an exact determination of the heat consumption Q done. It is irrelevant how the heat is radiated (radiator, piping, pipe coils etc.) or any changes (Heat build through furniture, Extension of the system, fan ...) become effective.

All general heat consumption forms of a Single-pipe heating system that can not be directly assigned to any user, such as Staircases, cellar etc., can can also be determined exactly, because the sum of the individual temperature differences gives the total temperature difference of the Einrohrheizsystems, wherein the difference between the sum of the measured differences and the total difference (remainder) defines the general consumption.

As usual In a house several Einrohrheizstränge exist, must be at the heat consumption determination an object supplied by several strands (flat), the individual results are summed up.

Around To ensure a high accuracy of the determination is the time of Optimal selection of the measurement.

• – das Volumen des Heizmediums, dass das Objekt durchströmt und dort Wärme abgibt,
• – die Wärmeabgabe des Heizmediums, ermittelt aus der Temperaturdifferenz zwischen Eintritt des Heizmediums in das Objekt und seinem Austritt aus dem Objekt.

The basic representation of the new technical solution consists in the fact that the heat consumption of an object is determined by two precisely measurable parameters:

• - The volume of the heating medium that flows through the object and gives off heat,
• - The heat output of the heating medium, determined from the temperature difference between the entry of the heating medium in the object and its exit from the object.

Out leaves these values I exactly the amount of heat calculate that the object has "consumed." The calculation algorithm corresponds to the currently conventional and recognized calculation algorithm in heat meters.

The practically carried out Measurement of the volume V in the riser (downpipe) is done with usual Warm water meters, So volume knives.

In the area where the pipe enters the object becomes the flow temperature T1 measured in the area where the pipeline leaves the room, the return temperature T2.

The heat in the object, whether via pipeline, radiator or other aids, is reflected in the temperature difference ΔT = T1 - T2.

The Measured data V, T1 and T2 of each object are transmitted to a computing unit, where the calculation of heat consumption Q is done.

at the implementation can theoretically the errors of the measuring instruments - d. H. Temperature sensor and Volume meter - and Error in execution affect the final result of the measurement.

Of the Water meter - volume meter - subject a calibration requirement and the temperature sensors are to be calibrated. This is permissible Errors precisely defined and thus assessable.

at the heat consumption measurement in apartment buildings z. For example, in principle, it is always about the distribution of costs the individual users. Since the heat carrier always all billable rooms of a heating system 100% flows through, is the error of the volume measurement negligible, because it flows into all calculations the same.

at It is technically possible to measure the temperature, the temperature sensors so that the error is exactly definable and in the Calculation method can be corrected.

at the implementation The temperature measurement is a theoretical error source in that due to assembly problems of the temperature sensors, the temperature transfers are different from the heating medium to the temperature sensor and therefore Deviations may occur. This problem can be solved by appropriate mounting technologies and regulations are limited.

Consequently is the possible Error of the consumption measurement with the invention very low and corresponds the usual Values in metrology.

• – Erfassung des Volumenverbrauchs V mittels Volumenmesser am oder im Rohr an einer Stelle im Heizstrang, an dem sich die zu betrachtenden Heizkörper befinden.
• – Erfassung der Temperaturdifferenz ΔT am Eingangs- und Ausgangsbereich einer Wohneinheit mit einer Genauigkeit von 0,03–0,05°C.
• – Befestigung von Temperatursensoren an der Rohrleitung ohne Eingriff ins Heizrohrsystem.
• – Kabellose oder kabelgebundene Verbindung des Volumenmessers und Temperatursensoren zu einer elektronischen Erfassungs-, Auswerte- und Anzeigeeinheit mit Display.
• – 100%-ige Erfassung des Wärmeverbrauchs Q einer Wohneinheit.
• – Realisierung einer exakten Verteilgenauigkeit.

The advantages of the invention especially for residential units are:

• - Recording the volume consumption V by means of volume meter on or in the pipe at a point in the heating system where the radiators to be considered are located.
• - Detecting the temperature difference ΔT at the entrance and exit area of a residential unit with an accuracy of 0.03-0.05 ° C.
• - Attachment of temperature sensors to the pipeline without intervention in the heating pipe system.
• - Wireless or wired connection of the volume meter and temperature sensors to an electronic detection, evaluation and display unit with display.
• - 100% detection of the heat consumption Q of a residential unit.
• - Realization of an exact distribution accuracy.

With the invention it is possible Measured values at the technologically significant locations within one Housing unit to capture.

With The invention provides a device that is non-contact leads to the object to be measured placed temperature sensors and houses.

The Invention is based on an embodiment explained in more detail by means of several drawings:

It demonstrate:

1 FIG. 2 a schematic representation of a device according to the invention for detecting the heat consumption of a residential unit of a building assigned to a one-pipe heating system, FIG.

2 schematic perspective views of a temperature sensor of the device according to the invention 1 , in which

2a a half-open housing of the temperature sensor,

2 B an open housing of the temperature sensor and

2c show an internal structure of a temperature sensor, and

3 a schematic representation of the flowchart of the measured value detection and processing of a device according to the invention for detecting the heat consumption.

• – zwei voneinander beabstandete Temperatursensoren 3, 4 zur Messung der Temperaturen T1, T2 zwischen einem festgelegten Heizstrang 14 des Einrohrheizsystems 2, jeweils versehen mit einem Übertragungsmodul 21 für temperaturwerttragende Signale ST1 und ST2,
• – einen Volumenmesser 5 des Heizmediums, wobei der Volumenmesser 5 an einem wahlweise festgelegten Abschnitt 19 des Einrohrheizsystems 2 eingebracht ist, zur Messung des durch das Einrohrheizsystem 2 strömenden Volumens V, und der eine Übertragungseinheit 28 für volumenwerttragende Signale SV aufweist,
• – eine Erfassungseinheit 6 für die übertragenen Signale ST1 und ST2 der Temperatursensoren 3, 4 und für die übertragenen Signale SV des Volumenmessers 5,
• – eine Auswerteeinheit 7 einschließlich einer Recheneinheit zur Ermittlung der aus den digitalen Signalen ST1, ST2 ableitbaren Temperaturdifferenz ΔT = T1 – T2 und des aus dem digitalen Signal SV ableitbaren Volumens V, wobei in der Auswerteeinheit 7 der Wärmeverbrauch Q mit programmtechnischen Mitteln in der Recheneinheit aus der ermittelten Temperaturdifferenz ΔT = T1 – T2 und dem ermittelten Volumen V nach Gleichung (II) Q = Cw·V·(T1 – T2) (II)mit Cw als einer bestimmten wärmeträgerabhängigen Konstanten berechnet wird, und
• – eine Anzeigeeinheit 8 zu Darstellung zumindest des Wärmeverbrauchs Q,

wobei im Eintrittsbereich 9 des zutreffenden Raumes 13 des Gebäudes 15 der erste Temperatursensor 3 an einem ersten Rohrstück 11 des Einrohrheizsystems 2 und der zweite Temperatursensor 4 im Austrittsbereich 10 des Raumes 13 an einem zweiten Rohrstück 12 des Einrohrheizsystems 2 gehaltert ange bracht sind, wobei zwischen den Rohrstücken 11, 12 sich der für den Raum 13 festgelegte Heizstrang 14 befindet.In the 1 is a device according to the invention 1 for detecting the heat consumption Q of a monotube heating system 2 assigned object in the form of a room 13 a building 15 represented, comprising

• - Two spaced temperature sensors 3 . 4 for measuring the temperatures T1, T2 between a specified heating string 14 of the monotube heating system 2 , each provided with a transmission module 21 for temperature-carrying signals ST1 and ST2,
• - a volume meter 5 of the heating medium, the volumeter 5 at an optional section 19 of the monotube heating system 2 is introduced, for measuring by the Einrohrheizsystem 2 flowing volume V, and the one transmission unit 28 for volume-value-carrying signals SV,
• A detection unit 6 for the transmitted signals ST1 and ST2 of the temperature sensors 3 . 4 and for the transmitted signals SV of the volumeter 5 .
• - an evaluation unit 7 including a computing unit for determining the derivable from the digital signals ST1, ST2 temperature difference .DELTA.T = T1 - T2 and of the digital signal SV derivable volume V, wherein in the evaluation unit 7 the heat consumption Q with program-technical means in the arithmetic unit from the determined temperature difference ΔT = T1-T2 and the determined volume V according to equation (II) Q = Cw * V * (T1-T2) (II) is calculated with Cw as a specific heat carrier dependent constant, and
• A display unit 8th to show at least the heat consumption Q,

being in the entry area 9 of the true space 13 of the building 15 the first temperature sensor 3 on a first piece of pipe 11 of the monotube heating system 2 and the second temperature sensor 4 in the exit area 10 of the room 13 on a second piece of pipe 12 of the monotube heating system 2 held are mounted, being between the pipe sections 11 . 12 himself for the room 13 fixed heating string 14 located.

In this case, the receiving unit 6 , the evaluation unit 7 and the display unit 8th be present within a device.

Inside the heating line 14 can get at least one radiator 16 are located.

• – einen temperaturempfindlichen Messfühler 20,
• – ein Übertragungsmodul 21, das mit dem Messfühler 20 in Verbindung steht und das die erfasste Temperatur T in ein temperaturwerttragendes Signal ST wandelt und in den umgebenden Raum 13 übertragen kann,
• – einen Gehäusemantel 22, der aus mindestens zwei Gehäuseschalen 23, 24 z. B. aus Plastematerial besteht, die lösbar zusammengesteckt werden können, so dass der Messfühler 20 und das Übertragungsmodul 21 darin geschützt eingebettet sind,

wobei der Messfühler 20 mit Unterstützung von auf den Messfühler 20 aufgetragenen Thermopaste einen intensiven Kontakt an einer blanken Stelle 25 des Rohrstücks 11 des Heizrohres 2 aufweist. Gleiches gilt für den Temperatursensor 4.In the 2a . 2 B and 2c is each a temperature sensor 3 the two in Einrohrheizsystem 2 spaced apart temperature sensors 3 . 4 shown containing

• - a temperature-sensitive sensor 20 .
• - a transmission module 21 that with the probe 20 communicates and converts the detected temperature T into a temperature-carrying signal ST and into the surrounding space 13 can transmit
• - A housing shell 22 that has at least two housing shells 23 . 24 z. B. of plastic material, which can be detachably mated, so that the sensor 20 and the transmission module 21 embedded in it protected,

where the probe 20 with support from on the probe 20 applied thermopaste intensive contact on a bare spot 25 of the pipe section 11 of the heating tube 2 having. The same applies to the temperature sensor 4 ,

The in 2c illustrated internal structure of the temperature sensors 3 . 4 has a transmission module 21 to which a circuit board 40 heard on the the functional units 41 for the formation of transmission signals and an antenna 42 for transmitting the transmission signal ST to the detection unit 6 available. Also can be a power supply unit 43 located on it.

The temperature sensors 3 . 4 are by means of an inner mounting plate 44 by means of fasteners 45 . 46 on the pipe sections 11 . 12 held fastened, are firmly lockable on the pipeline, with the fastener 27 the circuit board 40 is firmly positioned. About the mounting plate 44 stand the circuit board 40 with the assemblies on it 41 . 42 . 20 and the power supply unit 43 in mechanically holding connection. With the fasteners 45 . 46 is a stable holder of the temperature sensors 3 . 4 on the pipe sections 11 . 12 reachable.

Also the volume meter 5 can with a transmission part 28 including an antenna and a power supply unit, in order to connect the volume-carrying signal SV to the detection unit 6 to be able to transfer.

Inside the housing shell 22 , in particular within the housing shells 23 . 24 may also be thermally insulating deformable material, in addition to the thermal insulation for additional support of the internal components 20 . 21 can contribute.

These are per unit 13 two such temperature sensors as an input sensor 3 with the temperature to be measured T1 and as output sensor 4 provided with the temperature T2 to be measured. In 1 is the input sensor 3 in the area of pipe sections 11 . 12 on the bottom 9 of the soil 26 as entry area 9 the residential unit 13 and the output sensor 4 at the bottom of the ceiling 10 as exit area 10 the residential unit 13 appropriate. The input sensor 3 but it can also be near the ground 26 in the entrance area 9 the residential unit 13 to be appropriate.

The operation of the device according to the invention 1 will be described below by means of 3 explained in more detail:
A volume meter 5 with a pulse output 17 the associated transmission part 28 gets into the heating system 14 on which at least one radiator 16 are connected, installed.

The pulse output 17 the transmission part 28 stands with the registration unit 6 by radio, the transmission part 28 the detected pulses of the signals SV wirelessly to the electronic detection unit 6 , and subsequently to the evaluation unit 7 and display unit 8th can transfer.

At the inlet and outlet of the heating system 14 assigned residential unit 13 are the probes 20 on the preferably metal-bright surface of the pipe sections 11 . 12 attached, isolated and with the transmission module 21 connected via cable, the transmission module 21 the signals ST1 and ST2 of the temperature values T1 and T2 to the electronic detection unit 6 , Evaluation unit 7 and display unit 8th transmits wirelessly, as well as the temperature sensors 3 . 4 pulse outputs 18 their transmission module 21 exhibit.

The transfer The signals ST1, ST2 and SV can also not only by radio, but also done by routed cable.

According to 3 the following steps are carried out to determine the heat consumption Q:

step 30 : Acquisition of the signals ST1, ST2, SV by the detection unit 6 and derivation of the temperatures T1, T2 and the volume V,

step 31 : Determination of the temperature difference ΔT from the temperatures T1 and T2 derived from the signals ST1 and ST2,

step 32 : Calculation of the heat consumption value Q in the evaluation unit 7 from the steps 30 and 31 taking into account the specific heat capacity Cw of the heating medium, z. Water,

step 33 : Display of the heat consumption value Q on the display unit 8th ,

Q

– Wärmeverbrauch, [kWh],

T1 – T2

Temperaturdifferenz zwischen Eingangstemperatur T1 und Ausgangstemperatur T2, [K],

V

– Volumenverbrauch, [I] und

Cw

– Wärmekapazität von Wasser, [J/g·K], Cw = 4,18

sind.In the electronic processing unit of the evaluation unit 7 the values T1, T2, V, Cw are linked according to equation (II) and the calculated heat consumption Q is displayed: Q = Cw * (T1-T2) * V (II), in which:

Q

- heat consumption, [kWh],

T1 - T2

Temperature difference between inlet temperature T1 and outlet temperature T2, [K],

V

- Volume consumption, [I] and

cw

- Heat capacity of water, [J / g · K], Cw = 4.18

are.

Since the volume consumption V only at one section 19 is measured and the error is received the same everywhere, the error can be neglected.

The temperature difference ΔT = T1 - T2 becomes for each residential unit 13 determined so that the measurement accuracy of the temperature sensors 3 . 4 is crucial for the final result of the heat consumption Q is.

The distribution of heat consumption Q for an object 13 within a heating system 14 with several immediately adjacent objects at a flow with the same volume V is proportional to the temperature difference .DELTA.T = T1 - T2 between the inlet region and the outlet region of the heating coil 14 an object 13 ,

The most common are the neighboring objects 13 one above the other arranged housing units.

The Measuring accuracy is within a temperature range of 20-80 ° C 0.03 and 0.05 ° C.

This is an improved and more accurate information option for the user of this device according to the invention 1 in front.

1

Facility

2

Einrohrheizsystem

3

first temperature sensor

4

second temperature sensor

5

volume meter

6

acquisition unit

7

evaluation

8th

display unit

9

entry area

10

exit area

11

first pipe section

12

second pipe section

13

apartment

14

heating section

15

building

16

radiator

17

pulse output of the volumeter

18

pulse output of the temperature sensor

19

section

20

probe

21

transmission module

22

housing jacket

23

first shell

24

second shell

25

bare Job

26

ground

27

third fastener

28

transmission part

30

takeover step

31

determining step

32

calculation step

33

display step

40

circuit board

41

functional units

42

antenna

43

Power supply unit

44

mounting plate

45

first fastener

46

second fastener

ST1

first temperature-value-carrying signal

ST2

second temperature-value-carrying signal

T1

first temperature

T2

second temperature

SV

volume worth supporting signal

V

volume consumption

Q

heat consumption

cw

specific heat capacity

Claims (13)

Facility ( 1 ) for recording the heat consumption (Q) of single-pipe heating systems ( 2 ) associated objects ( 13 ), comprising - two spaced-apart temperature sensors ( 3 . 4 ) for measuring the temperatures (T1, T2) in a fixed heating line ( 14 ) of the object ( 13 ), whereby the temperature sensors ( 3 . 4 ) at least with a transmission module ( 21 ) for temperature value bearing signals (ST1, ST2) are provided, - a volume meter ( 5 ) at an optional section ( 19 ) of the monotube heating system ( 2 ) and for measuring by the one-pipe heating system ( 2 ) flowing volume (V) of the heating medium and a transmission part ( 28 ) for volume-value-carrying signals (SV), - a detection unit ( 6 ) for the transmitted signals (ST1, ST2) of the temperature sensors ( 3 . 4 ) and for the transmitted signals (SV) of the volume meter ( 5 ), - an evaluation unit ( 7 ) including a computing unit for determining the temperature difference ΔT = T1-T2 derivable from the signals (ST1, ST2) and the volume (V) derivable from the signal (SV), wherein in the evaluation unit ( 7 ) the heat consumption (Q) with program-technical means from the determined temperature difference ΔT = T1-T2 and the determined volume (V according to equation (II) Q = Cw * V * (T1-T2) (II) calculated with Cw as a specific heat carrier-dependent constant, and - a display unit ( 8th ) for displaying at least the heat consumption (Q), wherein in the entry area ( 9 ) of the object ( 13 ) the first temperature sensor ( 3 ) on a first pipe section ( 11 ) of the monotube heating system ( 2 ) and in the exit area ( 10 ) of the object ( 13 ) the second temperature sensor ( 4 ) on a second pipe section ( 12 ) of the monotube heating system ( 2 ) are mounted, wherein between the tubular temperature sensors ( 3 . 4 ) for the object ( 13 ) specified heating strand ( 14 ) is located. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the distribution of the heat consumption Q for an object ( 13 ) within a heating line ( 14 ) with a plurality of immediately adjacent objects in a flow with the same volume consumption (V) proportional to the temperature difference .DELTA.T = T1 - T2 between the inlet region and the outlet region of the Heizstranges ( 14 ) of an object ( 13 ). Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the temperature sensors ( 3 . 4 ) - at least one temperature-sensitive sensor ( 20 ), - the transmission module ( 21 ) connected to the sensor ( 20 ) is in electrical connection and that provides the temperature-carrying signal (ST) for transmission, - a housing shell ( 22 ), which consists of at least two housing shells ( 23 . 24 ), which are releasably pluggable, so that the sensor ( 20 ) and the transmission module ( 21 ) are protected therein, the sensor ( 20 ) with support from the sensor ( 20 ) applied thermally conductive thermopaste intensive contact on a bare spot ( 25 ) of the respective pipe pieces ( 11 . 12 ) of the monotube heating system ( 2 ) having. Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the transmission module ( 21 ) of a temperature sensor ( 3 . 4 ) a printed circuit board ( 40 ), on which the functional units ( 42 ) for the formation of transmission signals (ST) and an antenna ( 42 ) for transmitting the transmission signals (ST) to the detection unit ( 6 ) available. Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the transmission module ( 20 ) a power supply unit ( 43 ) assigned. Device according to claim 1 to 5, characterized in that the temperature sensors ( 3 . 4 ) by means of an inner mounting plate ( 44 ), which by means of fastening means ( 45 . 46 ) on the pipe sections ( 11 . 12 ) are fixedly mounted, are firmly locked to the pipeline, wherein with the fastening means ( 27 ) the printed circuit board ( 40 ) is permanently positionable, wherein over the mounting plate ( 44 ) the printed circuit board ( 40 ) with the assemblies thereon ( 41 . 42 . 20 ) and the power supply unit ( 43 ) are in mechanically holding connection. Device according to claims 1 to 6, characterized in that inside the housing shell ( 22 ) of the temperature sensor ( 3 . 4 ), in particular within the housing shells ( 23 . 24 ) heat insulating material is located. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the volume meter ( 5 ) with a transmission part ( 28 ) including an antenna and a power supply unit for transmitting the volume-carrying signal (SV) to the detection unit ( 6 ) is trained. Device according to claim 8, characterized in that the volume meter ( 5 ) with a pulse output ( 17 ) of the associated transmission part ( 28 ) in the heating line ( 14 ), to which at least one radiator ( 16 ), the pulse output ( 17 ) of the transmission part ( 28 ) with the registration unit ( 6 ), the transmission part ( 28 ) the detected pulses of the signals (SV) to the electronic detection unit ( 6 ) and the connected evaluation unit ( 7 ) as well as display unit ( 8th ) transmits. Device according to claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the object ( 13 ) is a residential unit and per housing unit ( 13 ) two sol temperature sensors as an input sensor ( 3 ) with the temperature to be measured (T1) and as an output sensor ( 4 ) are provided with the temperature to be measured (T2), wherein the input sensor ( 3 in the entrance area ( 9 ) of the residential unit ( 13 ) and the output sensor ( 4 ) in the exit area ( 10 ) of the residential unit ( 13 ) are mounted. Device according to claim 10, characterized in that at the inlet and outlet of a heating strand ( 14 ) assigned residential unit ( 13 ) the sensors ( 20 ) on the surface of the pipe sections ( 11 . 12 ), isolated and with the transmission module ( 21 ) are connected via cables, wherein the transmission module ( 21 ) of the temperature sensors ( 3 . 4 ) the signals (ST1, ST2) of the temperature values (T1, T2) to the electronic detection unit ( 6 ), Evaluation unit ( 7 ) and display unit ( 8th ) transmits. Device according to claims 1 to 11, characterized that the transmission the signals (ST1, ST2, SV) by radio and / or by routed cable he follows. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that in the electronic processing unit the parameter values (T1, T2, V, Cw) are linked according to equation (II) and the calculated heat consumption (Q) is displayed: Q = Cw * (T1-T2) * V (II), where: Q - amount of heat, [kWh], T1 - T2 temperature difference between input temperature T1 and output temperature T2, [K], V - volume consumption, [I] and Cw - heat capacity of water, [J / g · K], Cw = 4 , 18 are.