WO2015099573A1

WO2015099573A1 - System for metering heat in single-pipe vertical system for heating building or structure

Info

Publication number: WO2015099573A1
Application number: PCT/RU2014/000394
Authority: WO
Inventors: Павел Эдуардович МЕЛЬНИКОВ
Original assignee: Павел Эдуардович МЕЛЬНИКОВ
Priority date: 2013-12-25
Filing date: 2014-05-29
Publication date: 2015-07-02
Also published as: EA024514B1; EA201400062A1

Abstract

The invention relates to heating systems. A system contains at least two sensors for measuring the temperature of a heat-carrier at the inlet and outlet of a vertical pipe for feeding the heat-carrier, a flowmeter, and a computing device which is connected, in order to receive data, to the temperature sensors and to the flowmeter. The temperature sensors are resistive, and are connected to the computing device by means of four conductors which are connected in pairs to terminals of a resistive sensitive element; one pair of conductors is connected to the computing device in order to supply electric current, and the second pair serves for measuring voltage. The computing device is capable of calculating data regarding a heat release rate over a metered period of time on the basis of a difference in temperature of the heat-carrier, received from the temperature sensors, and the volume of heat-carrier which has flowed past, and is also capable of extrapolating the received heat release rate data beyond the metered period of time. The technical result consists in providing a precise measurement of a difference in temperatures, and in reliably metering heat release rate data.

Description

Heat metering system

for single pipe vertical heating system

buildings or structures

Area of use

The invention relates to heating systems of buildings or structures, and specifically to a heat metering system for a single-tube vertical (riser) water heating system of a building or structure. Under the present invention, water (sometimes called steam) heating should be understood not only as the use of water in the heating system as a liquid heat pumped through water heating devices located in the premises (radiators, convectors), but also other types of heat carriers having, as usually a water base. A single-pipe vertical water heating system of a building or structure should not be understood as literally one pipe, but connected pipe sections on the floors of a building or structure to which water heating devices are connected in series on each floor.

Prior art

A known heat metering system for a single-tube vertical heating system of a building, comprising temperature sensors of a coolant that are installed on sections of a vertical heating pipe connected to a horizontal heating pipe adjacent to the horizontal ceiling floors of rooms on each floor of a building, as well as a flow meter mounted on a separate continuous vertical supply pipe coolant in the basement to account for the volume flowing through the coolant system (RU 2374566 C1, IPC F24D 19/00, 2009).

The temperature sensors in this known solution transmit data via a wireless communication line to a computing device, which, by the difference of data from the temperature sensor of the coolant at the ceiling of the room and from the temperature sensor at the ceiling located on the floor below the room, and also taking into account the volume of coolant flowing through this vertical interfloor pipe system, it calculates the data on heat consumption for the accounting period of time.

In this known solution, due to the use of a wireless communication line for transmitting data from temperature sensors, the heat metering system has poor noise immunity. One temperature sensor is used together to record heat in two different rooms on adjacent floors, which have different computing devices and are administered, as a rule, by different owners of the rooms. The installation of the system on different floors complicates the solution of organizational issues regarding the installation of a heat consumption metering system when this is done in a previously erected building or structure. Accidental or intentional damage to one of the temperature sensors will result in the failure of two computing devices, administered by different owners of the premises.

In the case of direct electrical connection of temperature sensors to computing devices using conductors, distortion of the obtained data on the coolant temperature is possible, since such a connection can lead to the addition of current signals from two analog-to-digital converters of two computing devices connected to one temperature sensor.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The technical result consists in expanding the arsenal of means for accounting for heat in one-pipe vertical heating systems of buildings or structures, in ensuring accurate measurement of temperature differences and reliable accounting of data on heat consumption using means that are mounted and located within one or more rooms on the same floor of the building or facilities. Achieving this technical result provides a heat metering system for a single-tube vertical heating system of a building or structure, which contains:

- at least two resistive temperature sensors that are installed on sections of a vertical coolant supply pipe connected to one or several parallel water heating devices adjacent to opposite horizontal floors of the building or structure to measure the temperature of the coolant at the inlet and outlet of the vertical coolant supply pipe;

- a flow meter mounted on a vertical coolant supply pipe to account for the volume of coolant flowing through it;

- a computing device electrically connected to obtain data with resistive temperature sensors and with a flow meter.

Each of the resistive temperature sensors is connected to the computing device by four electrical conductors connected in pairs to opposite contacts of the resistive sensitive element of the resistive temperature sensor.

One pair of conductors connected to opposite contacts of the resistive sensitive element is connected to a computing device for supplying electric current to the resistive sensitive element, and the second is used to measure the voltage across the resistive sensitive element.

The computing device is capable of calculating data on heat consumption over the accounting period of time according to the temperature difference of the coolant at the inlet and outlet of the vertical coolant supply pipe received from the resistive temperature sensors and the volume of the flowing coolant, as well as with the possibility of outputting the received data on the heat consumption for the accounting time interval.

One or more pairs of resistive temperature sensors that are installed can be connected to the computing device adjacent to opposite horizontal ceilings of the building or structure in the areas of one or more vertical coolant supply pipes located adjacent to one or more rooms of the building or structure, each of the vertical coolant supply pipes being connected to its one or several parallel water heating devices and to Each of the vertical coolant supply pipes has its own flow meters, which are also connected to a computing device.

In this case, the computing device is configured to calculate and summarize data on heat consumption over the accounting period of time according to the temperature difference of the coolant at the inlet and outlet of each vertical coolant supply pipe, the resistive sensors of which are connected to the computing device, and also with the ability to output the received data on the total flow heat for the accounting period of time for all the specified vertical pipes of the coolant.

It is possible that in rooms on one or several other floors of a building or structure, separate resistive temperature sensors are located similarly located, as well as separate computing devices similarly connected to them, and flow meters on each vertical pipe connected to each of these computing devices are connected coolant supply, with the distribution of flowmeter connections between computing devices depending on the connection of resistive temperature sensors, set updated on a particular vertical coolant supply pipe.

The possibility of carrying out the invention

The possibility of carrying out the invention is illustrated by the example of a heat metering system for a single-tube vertical heating system of a building or structure, which is illustrated by graphic materials: - figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of a heat metering system for a single-tube vertical heating system of a building or structure;

- figure 2 shows the electrical connection diagram of the resistive temperature sensor;

- in Fig. 3 and in Fig. 4, drawings of a tee for mounting a resistive temperature sensor on a coolant supply pipe are presented: Fig. 3 is a side view in section, and in Fig. 4 is a top view.

- Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 show drawings of a sleeve for mounting a resistive temperature sensor in a tee for mounting on a coolant supply pipe: Fig. 5 is a sectional side view, and Fig. 6 is an end view located on the outside.

- Fig.7 shows a screw for fixing a resistive temperature sensor in a sleeve for fixing a resistive temperature sensor in a tee for mounting on a coolant supply pipe, side view;

- Fig. 8 shows a photograph of a resistive temperature sensor mounted in a sleeve for mounting in a tee for mounting on a coolant supply pipe.

The heat metering system for a single-tube vertical heating system of a building or structure contains two resistive temperature sensors 1 and 2, a flow meter 3, and also a computing device 4 (Fig. 1).

Resistive temperature sensors 1 and 2 are installed on sections 6 and 7 of the vertical coolant supply pipe 8 connected to the water heating device 5 adjacent to the opposite horizontal floors 9 and 10 of the building or structure for measuring the temperature of the coolant at the inlet and outlet of the vertical coolant supply pipe 8.

The flow meter 3 is mounted on a vertical coolant supply pipe 8 to account for the volume of coolant flowing through it and is located, as a rule, in the basement 11 of a building or structure.

Computing device 4 is electrically connected to obtain data with resistive temperature sensors 1 and 2 and with a flow meter 3. Each of the resistive temperature sensors 1 and 2 is connected to the computing device 4 by four electrical conductors 12-15 (Fig.2), pairwise connected to the opposite contacts of the resistive sensitive element 16 (RJD) of the resistive temperature sensor 1, 2.

One pair of conductors 13, 14 connected to opposite contacts of the resistive sensitive element 16 is connected to a computing device 4 for supplying electric current to the resistive sensitive element 16 (this pair of conductors 13, 14 in the diagram of figure 2 is connected to the conditionally shown source 17 of the electric current). The second pair of conductors 12, 15 connected to the opposite contacts of the resistive sensitive element 16 provides voltage measurements on the resistive sensitive element 16 (this pair of conductors 12, 15 in the diagram in Fig. 2 is connected to the measuring means 18 shown conventionally and marked with the letter “V”) voltage).

Such a connection diagram of the resistive temperature sensors 1 and 2 eliminates the influence of stray resistance of wires (in the diagram in FIG. 2, conventionally indicated by elements 19 with the letter designation “RP”) on the accuracy of calculating the temperature difference. The length of the connection conductors can reach 150 m, while the error in measuring the temperature is less than 0.1 ° C. This connection scheme of resistive sensors 1 and 2 allows you to record the ultra-small values of the resistance change. According to the conductors 12, 14, the computing device 4 evaluates the health of the connection of the resistive temperature sensor 1, 2.

Computing device 4 is configured to calculate data on heat consumption over the accounting period of time according to the temperature difference of the coolant at the inlet and outlet of the vertical coolant supply pipe 8 received from the resistive temperature sensors 1, 2 and the volume of the leaked coolant measured by the flow meter 3, and also the ability to enter the received data on the heat consumption for the accounting period of time.

In real conditions, a pair of resistive temperature sensors 1, 2, 20, 21, 22, 23 are connected to the computing device 4, which are installed adjacent to the opposite horizontal floors 9, 10 of the building or structure in sections of several vertical pipes 24, 25 of the coolant supply, adjacent to one or several rooms of a building or structure.

Each of the vertical pipes 24, 25 of the coolant supply is connected to its own water heating devices 26, 27 (it is possible to connect a vertical pipe 8, 24, 25 to several parallel connected water heating devices - this option is not illustrated in the diagram) and on each of the vertical pipes 8, 24, 25 of the coolant supply, their flow meters 3, 28, 29 are installed, which are also connected to the computing device 4.

In this case, the computing device 3, along with the above functions, is configured to calculate and summarize data on heat consumption over the accounting period of time according to the temperature difference of the coolant at the inlet and outlet of each vertical coolant supply pipe 8, 24, 25, resistive sensors 1, 2 , 20, 21, 22, 23 of which are connected to the computing device 4, and also with the possibility of outputting the obtained data on the total heat consumption for the accounting period of time for all the specified vertical pipes 8, 24, 25 of the coolant supply.

In the premises of a building or structure on one or more other floors 30, 31 of the building or structure, separate resistive temperature sensors 32 located in a similar manner as well as separate computing devices 33 connected therewith are mounted.

For each of these computing devices 4, 33, flow meters 3, 28, 29 common to all floors are connected on each vertical pipe 8, 24, 25 of the coolant supply, with the distribution of the connections of the flow meters 8, 24, 25 to the computing devices depending on connecting resistive temperature sensors 1, 2, 20, 21, 22, 23 installed on one or another vertical pipe 8, 24, 25 of the coolant supply.

Computing device 4, 33 can be implemented using known devices designed to collect readings from meters on consumed water, heat and electricity, providing an indication of current and archived data on several processed channels using displays, which can also be able to transmit data to organizations responsible for service. In particular, the well-known AMBUS ZS-60 instrument manufactured by Aquametro AG and capable of receiving and processing information from 60 analog or discrete monitoring points can be used.

The computing device 4, 33 provides a calculation of the quantities of consumed thermal energy according to the formula:

where

τ is time;

ti_ i is the temperature of the coolant at the entrance to the apartment;

tj is the temperature of the coolant at the exit of the apartment;

G _{VI -} flow rate in the riser;

C is the heat coefficient;

J is the number of risers in the apartment.

The thermal coefficient "c" is determined depending on the properties of the coolant used. In Russia, this heat coefficient is determined in accordance with Appendix A to the National Standard.

RF GOST R EN 1434-1-2006.

To account for the volume of coolant can be used flow meters 3, 28, 29 of known designs. In particular, the designs of well-known water meters can be used, which provide data transmission over wired communication lines to computing devices. For example, VALTEC VLF-RI water meter from VALTEC SrL Similar water meters are described in patent documents. For example, RU 125695 U1, IPC G01F 15/06, 03/10/2013 or RU 126453 U1, IPC G01F 15/06, 03/27/2013.

Among the resistive temperature sensors of the coolant 1, 2, 20, 21, 22, 23, 32, it is preferable to use sensors with a resistive sensitive element 16 of platinum. In particular, bar structures similar to the TEAT PT 1000 product group of the Produal group of companies can be used.

The temperature sensor of the coolant 1, 2, 20, 21, 22, 23, 32 is made in the form of a hollow sealed rod 34 (Fig. 8) with one blind end 35, where the resistive sensitive element is located. From the side of the second end, a cable 36 with conductors for connection is derived from the hollow sealed rod 34.

The fastening of such a device on the pipe is carried out using a tee (Fig. 3, 4) to install a rod resistive temperature sensor for the coolant.

The tee (Fig. 3, 4) for installing the rod resistive temperature sensor of the coolant contains a housing 37 having coupling ends 38 on the opposite sides with internal portions of the thread 39 for connecting to the ends of the pipes. The cavity of the coupling pipe 38 is connected by a direct channel 40.

The housing 37 is made with a radial pipe 41, the opening 42 of which is open in the straight channel 40. The hole 42 of the radial pipe is made on the side of the free end 43 with a threaded section 44. Further, the opening 42 decreases in diameter with the formation of a step 45.

The rod 34 of the resistive coolant temperature sensor is fastened using a sleeve 46 (Figs. 5, 8), into which the core 34 is inserted into the central hole 47. A radial threaded hole 48 is made in the sleeve 46, into which a screw 49 is screwed (Fig. 7, 8) fixing the rod 34 in the hole 47 of the sleeve 46. The sleeve 46 is made with a portion 49 of the external thread from the side where protrudes the rod 34 end 35, which it is fixed in the hole 42 of the housing 37.

For sealing, a sealing ring 50 (Fig. 8) is made on the rod 34, made of an elastic material and having a cross-section of the body in the form of a circle. This sealing ring 50 is clamped between the surface of the step 45 and the surface of the end face 51 of the sleeve 46, tightly compressing the rod 34, which ensures the tightness of the connection.

To prevent unauthorized dismantling, the fastening of the rod 34 may be sealed. For this purpose, an eye 52 is provided on the housing 37 (FIG. 3) with an opening 53 lying in the plane of the housing 37 passing through the axis of the direct channel 40 and the radial pipe 41. The eye is mated to the lateral outer surfaces of the housing 37 and the radial pipe 41. In the head 54 the hole 49 has a hole 55. In the sleeve 46 there is also a hole 56 (FIG. 6) extending from the surface of the end face 57 and open into the cavity of the groove 58 adjacent to the end face 57. A wire is inserted through the openings 53, 55, 56, which is fixed by a seal, preventing unauthorized dismantling fixing rod 34 and excluding non-professional intervention in the operation of the system.

The example embodiment of the invention is not exhaustive. Other embodiments of the invention are possible, corresponding to the scope of patent claims. All elements included in the heat accounting system for the single-tube vertical heating system of a building or structure made in accordance with the invention are manufactured using known technologies from materials known for such structures.

Claims

Claim

1. A heat metering system for a single pipe vertical heating system of a building or structure, comprising,

at least two resistive temperature sensors that are installed on sections of a vertical heating medium supply pipe connected to one or several parallel water heating devices and adjacent to opposite horizontal ceilings of the building or structure premises for measuring the temperature of the heating medium at the inlet and outlet of the vertical heating medium pipe,

a flow meter mounted on a vertical coolant supply pipe to account for the volume of coolant flowing through it,

a computing device electrically connected to obtain data with resistive temperature sensors and a flow meter,

each of the resistive temperature sensors is connected to the computing device by four electrical conductors coupled to the opposite contacts of the resistive sensitive element of the resistive temperature sensor,

one pair of conductors connected to opposite contacts of the resistive sensitive element is connected to a computing device for supplying electric current to the resistive sensitive element, and the second for measuring voltage on the resistive sensitive element,

wherein the computing device is configured to calculate data on heat consumption over the accounting period of time according to the temperature difference of the coolant at the inlet and outlet of the vertical coolant supply pipe received from the resistive temperature sensors, and the volume of the flowing coolant, and also with the possibility of outputting the received data on the heat consumption for the accounting period of time.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that one or more pairs of resistive sensors are connected to the computing device temperatures that are adjacent to the opposite horizontal ceilings of the building or structure in the areas of one or more vertical coolant supply pipes located adjacent to one or more rooms of the building or structure, each of the vertical coolant supply pipes being connected to its one or several devices connected in parallel water heating and each of the vertical coolant supply pipes has its own flow meters, which are also connected to computers ohm device

wherein the computing device is configured to calculate and summarize data on heat consumption over the accounting period of time according to the temperature difference of the coolant at the inlet and outlet of each vertical coolant supply pipe, the resistive sensors of which are connected to the computing device, and also with the ability to output the received data on the total flow heat for the accounting period of time for all the specified vertical pipes of the coolant.

3. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that in the premises on one or several other floors of the building or structure, separate resistive temperature sensors are located similarly located, as well as separate computing devices similarly connected to them, moreover, common to each of these computing devices are connected for all floors, flow meters on each vertical coolant supply pipe, with the distribution of the flowmeter connections among computing devices depending on the connection of resistive sensors t temperatures installed on one or another vertical coolant supply pipe.