DE202008015400U1 - dashboard - Google Patents

Abstract

Instrument panel structure, characterized in that it consists of a base body of surface-pretreated metal and a molded plastic on this, wherein a thermoplastic polyester is used as plastic.

Description

These The invention relates to an instrument panel structure of vehicles based on a surface-pretreated metal and a thermoplastic polyester, preferably polyalkylene terephthalate, particularly preferably based on polybutylene terephthalate or polyethylene terephthalate, particularly preferably based on flow-improved polyester Variants by the polyester at least one copolymer of at least an α-olefin with at least one methacrylic acid ester or acrylic acid ester of an aliphatic alcohol is, wherein the MFI (Melt Flow Index) of the copolymer 100 g / 10 min not below and this at 190 ° C and a Test weight of 2.16 kg measured or determined.

US 2008/0127479 A1 teaches the use of surface-pretreated aluminum alloys containing in addition to the main component aluminum, magnesium, silicon, copper or other metals and polybutylene terephthalate for the production of a Mobilphone shell.

EP 1 944 389 A1 teaches the use of a surface pretreated magnesium alloy AZ31B and polybutylene terephthalate to make a composite.

Finally teaches EP 1 559 542 A1 Once again, the production of aluminum - polybutylene terephthalate composites where the aluminum or aluminum alloy has also been subjected to a surface treatment before.

A non-detachable connection of two or more parts, preferably made of metal which compound is made of plastic and in a the parts to be joined receiving tool, for example by injection molding, is produced in DE-OS 27 50 982 disclosed. Out EP-A 0 370 342 a lightweight component in hybrid construction of a cup-shaped base body is known, the interior of which has reinforcing ribs, which are firmly connected to the body by the reinforcing ribs made of molded plastic and their connection to the body at discrete connection points via openings in the base body, through which the plastic extends through and beyond the surfaces of the openings and a tight fit is achieved.

outgoing from this prior art, the object of the present existed Invention therein, the principle of a composite based on the surface-pretreated Metal surfaces with a polyester for components of means of locomotion, and so on to improve the crash behavior of a means of transport by corresponding by an improved metal-plastic composite Components of a means of transport a higher stability obtained while reducing the thickness / thickness of the Metal main body.

Means For the purposes of the present invention, motor vehicles are preferred Passenger cars, or two-wheelers, preferably scooters in which components made of a metal-plastic composite, ie in Hybrid construction manufactured, can be used.

The Solution to this problem and subject of the present invention is an instrument panel structure, characterized in that these from a body of surface pretreated Metal and a molded plastic on this, wherein as plastic a thermoplastic polyester is used.

In a preferred embodiment is a metal of the series Aluminum, magnesium, titanium, iron or their alloys used. In a preferred embodiment, galvanized iron is used or steel or aluminum used.

Consists in a preferred embodiment, the basic body made of aluminum, so its surface is by a process acid treatment, soda treatment, amine treatment, Anode treatment, base treatment or laser treatment pretreated and the tight fit between the body and Thermoplastic takes place via the pretreated surface of the basic body.

aluminum For the purposes of the present invention aluminum is in all its commercially available alloys but also aluminum foams. Preferred aluminum alloys in the context of the present invention are alloys of the series AlMg3, AlMg2,7Mn, AlMg3,5Mn, AlMg4Mn, AlMg4.5Mn, AlMg5Mn, AlMgSi (6016-T4 and 6016-T6), AlMn, AlMg, AlMgMn, AlCuMg, AlCuSiMn, AlMGSi, AlZnMg, AlZnMgCu, AlSi, AlSiMg, AlSiCu, AlMgSi, AlCuTi or AlCuTiMg.

Consists in a preferred embodiment, the basic body made of galvanized iron so this is made by coating of iron structures or iron sheets with zinc to protect it from rust to protect (galvanized iron). For this purpose you add the Iron or steel objects with dilute sulfuric acid, which contains some tar or tin salt and copper vitriol, scrub them with sand, dip them in a sal ammoniac solution, dry them put them in a heated room and then immerse them in hot The zinc, which heated significantly above its melting point is covered with sal ammoniac to prevent the oxidation.

The galvanized objects are placed in water, with a Brush rubbed off and dried in sawdust. Smaller objects are thrown in heaps into the molten one Zinc, bring it with a slotted spoon after a minute out and glows them in a flame oven under charcoal powder, until the abundance of zinc has melted off.

At the galvanized iron is the zinc positive and is oxidized by itself, while even the bared iron is intact remains. In the air, the protective power extends of zinc at distances of 4-6 mm, much under water further. Because of these advantages, which allows galvanizing, it is done on a very large scale, and one uses special devices to make sheet metal and wire comfortably to be able to handle. The zinc is melted in iron Tubs lined with clay inside or in masonry Basins, places the part to be galvanized in the molten metal or direct it through the bathroom at the appropriate speed.

According to the invention preferred Iron sheet metal parts contain 45-300 g zinc on 1 square meter area, according to which the strength of the zinc layer is 0.006-0.043 mm can be assumed.

from time to time Iron is first galvanized to a firmer one Sticking of the molten zinc to achieve. It is enough for this purpose too, considering the stained and scoured objects in a salmiakzhaltige Chlorzinklösung, resulting in a Zinc box located, take out after two minutes on one from the bottom heated sheet dries and immediately into the molten Zinc dips.

The galvanized steel used in accordance with the invention or iron base body according to the invention a subjected to a further surface treatment to a solid Positive connection between the base body and thermoplastics too achieve. In the context of the present invention was namely found that only galvanizing the iron or steel body does not lead to a tight fit. An inventively required Pretreatment of the galvanized iron / steel base body can be done in principle by various methods. As with the Aluminum are preferred methods according to the invention acid treatment, soda treatment, amine treatment, anode treatment, Base treatment or laser treatment. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention may be those indicated by the indicated treatment forms prepared zinc surface of the iron in addition increased by other surface modifications become. In a preferred embodiment come here graded adhesive layers (plastic-metal), over thermal spraying are applied and the adhesion raise in another way, to use.

The according to the invention required surface treatment of the main body for the purpose of achieving a tight fit can be done in principle by various methods. According to the invention preferred Processes are the above-mentioned processes of the series acid treatment, Soda treatment, amine treatment, anode treatment, base treatment or laser treatment. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention may be those indicated by the indicated treatment forms prepared base surface in addition increased by other surface modifications become. In a preferred embodiment come here graded adhesive layers (plastic-metal), over thermal spraying are applied and the adhesion raise in another way, to use.

The inventively preferred, above pretreatment methods are, for example, in EP 1 958 763 A1 or in EP 1 559 541 A1 described in detail, the content of which is fully encompassed by the present invention. Accordingly, inorganic acids are preferably used for the acid treatment, particularly preferably aqueous solutions of these inorganic acids, in particular hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid or an aqueous solution of ammonium hydrogen fluoride.

For The soda treatment is preferably used caustic soda.

For the amine treatment, preference is given to using ammonia, hydrazine or the aqueous solution of an organic amine. Preferred organic amines in the context of the present invention are amines of Series methylamine, dimethylamine, trimethylamine, ethylamine, diethylamine, triethylamine, ethylenediamine, ethanolamine, allylamine, ethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, aniline and the like.

For the to be used in the case of aluminum anode treatment the metal body to be treated first prepared to remove oils or fats, then one Subjected to alkali treatment and finally anodized with an aluminum oxide layer electrolytically in an acidic aqueous Solution coated. The alkali treatment preferably takes place with an aqueous solution of caustic soda followed by a concentration of 10 to 20% at 50 to 90 degrees Celsius from a chemical polishing. Here, the aluminum / part for a few seconds in a highly concentrated aqueous Solution of an inorganic acid, preferably nitric acid, Phosphoric acid or sulfuric acid or the like dipped at 80 to 100 degrees Celsius.

For the alkali treatment are preferably aqueous solutions of alkali metal hydroxides or alkaline earth metal hydroxides or sodium carbonate or potassium carbonate used. Particularly preferred hydroxides are Hydroxides of the series sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, Strontium hydroxide, barium hydroxide or radium hydroxide.

For laser treatment, pulsed Nd: YAG laser radiation may be used in combination with a galvanometric scanning system. As a result, different structures can be applied to the metal part. Preferred structures are point structure with a structure density of 0.15, line structure with a structure density of 0.31 or cross structure with a structure density of 0.53. The width of the structures is preferably 20 micrometers. The depth of the structures is preferably 30 micrometers. The distance is preferably 100 micrometers. ( Joining Plastics, 3/08 Pages 210-217 ).

In In a preferred embodiment, the tight fit between molded thermoplastics with the metal base body additionally via discrete connection points, namely via Breakthroughs in the body through which the thermoplastic through and across the surface of the breakthroughs be done, which in any case already over the pretreated surface of the body additional positive tightening takes place becomes.

Of the as thermoplastic to be sprayed on the metal frame thermoplastic Polyester is preferably a polyalkylene terephthalate, especially one Polybutylene terephthalate or a polyethylene terephthalate and is used in the form of molding compositions which prefers the polyester 99.9 to 10 parts by weight, more preferably 99.5 to 30 parts by weight, most preferably contain from 99.0 to 55 parts by weight.

• A) 99,9 bis 10 Gew.-Teile, besonders bevorzugt zu 99,5 bis 30 Gew.-Teile, ganz besonders bevorzugt zu 99,0 bis 55 Gew.-Teile thermoplastischen Polyester und
• B) 0,1 bis 20 Gew.-Teile, vorzugsweise 0,25 bis 15 Gew.-Teile, besonders bevorzugt 1,0 bis 10 Gew.-Teile mindestens eines Copolymerisats aus mindestens einem Olefin, bevorzugt einem α-Olefin, und mindestens einem Methacrylsäureester oder Acrylsäureester eines aliphatischen Alkohols, vorzugsweise eines aliphatischen Alkohols mit 1-30 Kohlenstoffatomen, enthalten, wobei der MFI (Melt Flow Index) des Copolymerisats B) 100 g/10 min, vorzugsweise 150 g/10 min, nicht unterschreitet und dieser bei 190°C und einem Prüfgewicht von 2,16 kg gemessen bzw. bestimmt wird.

In the invention, in particular preferred case of the use of flow-improved plastic variants molding compositions are used, the

• A) 99.9 to 10 parts by weight, more preferably 99.5 to 30 parts by weight, most preferably 99.0 to 55 parts by weight of thermoplastic polyester and
• B) 0.1 to 20 parts by weight, preferably 0.25 to 15 parts by weight, particularly preferably 1.0 to 10 parts by weight of at least one copolymer of at least one olefin, preferably an α-olefin, and at least a methacrylic acid ester or acrylic acid ester of an aliphatic alcohol, preferably an aliphatic alcohol having 1-30 carbon atoms, wherein the MFI (melt flow index) of the copolymer B) 100 g / 10 min, preferably 150 g / 10 min, does not fall below this and at 190 ° C and a test weight of 2.16 kg measured or determined.

polyalkylene For the purposes of the invention are reaction products of aromatic dicarboxylic acids or their reactive derivatives (eg, dimethyl esters or anhydrides) and aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or araliphatic Diols and mixtures of these reaction products.

Preferred polyalkylene terephthalates can be prepared from terephthalic acid (or its reactive derivatives) and aliphatic or cycloaliphatic diols having 2 to 10 carbon atoms by known methods ( Plastics Handbook, Vol. VIII, p. 695 FF, Karl-Hanser-Verlag, Munich 1973 ).

preferred Polyalkylene terephthalates contain at least 80 mol%, preferably 90 mol%, based on the dicarboxylic acid, terephthalic acid residues and at least 80 mole%, preferably at least 90 mole% to the diol component, ethylene glycol and / or 1,3-propanediol and / or butanediol-1,4-residues.

The preferred polyalkylene terephthalates, in addition to Terephthalsäureresten up to 20 mol% Res te of other aromatic dicarboxylic acids having 8 to 14 carbon atoms or radicals of aliphatic dicarboxylic acids having 4 to 12 carbon atoms, such as radicals of phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylic acid, 4,4'-diphenyldicarboxylic acid, succinic, adipic -, sebacic acid, azelaic acid, cyclohexanediacetic acid, cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid.

In addition to ethylene or 1,3-propanediol or 1,4-butanediol glycol, the preferred polyalkylene terephthalates may contain up to 20 mol% of other aliphatic diols having 3 to 12 C atoms or cycloaliphatic diols having 6 to 21 C atoms included, for. B. residues of 1,3-propanediol, 2-ethylpropane-1,3-diol, neopentyl glycol, pentanediol-1,5, hexanediol-1,6, cyclohexane-dimethanol-1,4, 3-methylpentanediol-2,4, 2- Methylpentanediol-2,4, 2,2,4-trimethylpentanediol-1,3 and -1,6,2-ethylhexanediol-1,3 2,2-diethylpropanediol-1,3, hexanediol-2,5, 1,4- Di (β-hydroxyethoxy) benzene, 2,2-bis (4-hydroxycyclohexyl) propane, 2,4-dihydroxy-1,1,3,3-tetramethylcyclobutane, 2,2-bis (3 -β-hydroxyethoxyphenyl) -propane and 2,2-bis (4-hydroxypropoxyphenyl) -propane ( DE-A 24 07 674 (= US Pat. No. 4,035,958 ) DE-A 24 07 776 . DE-A 27 15 932 (= US 4,176,224 )).

The polyalkylene can be prepared by incorporation of relatively small amounts of trihydric or trihydric alcohols or 3- or 4-basic carboxylic acid, as z. B. in the DE-A 19 00 270 (= US-A 3,692,744 ) are branched. Examples of preferred branching agents are trimesic acid, trimellitic acid, trimethylolethane and -propane and pentaerythritol.

It is advisable, not more than 1 mol% of the branching agent, based to the acid component.

Especially preferred are polyalkylene terephthalates made from terephthalic acid alone and their reactive derivatives (eg their dialkyl esters) and ethylene glycol and / or 1,3-propanediol and / or 1,4-butanediol (polyethylene and polybutylene terephthalate), and Mixtures of these polyalkylene terephthalates.

preferred Polyalkylene terephthalates are also copolyesters which consist of at least two of the abovementioned acid components and / or at least two of the above-mentioned alcohol components are produced, especially preferred copolyesters are poly (ethylene glycol / 1,4-butanediol) terephthalates.

The polyalkylene terephthalates generally have an intrinsic viscosity of about 0.3 cm ³ / g to 1.5 cm ³ / g, preferably 0.4 cm ³ / g to 1.3 cm ³ / g, particularly preferably 0.5 cm ³ / g to 1.0 cm ³ / g as measured in phenol / o-dichlorobenzene (1: 1 parts by weight) at 25 ° C.

The thermoplastic used according to the invention Polyesters can also be mixed with other polyesters and / or other polymers are used.

The Polyesters to be used according to the invention can be customary Additives such. As mold release agents, stabilizers and / or flow aids be mixed in the melt or applied to the surface.

When Component B) contain the inventive Compositions Coplymerisate, preferably random copolymers of at least one olefin, preferably α-olefin and at least a methacrylic acid ester or acrylic acid ester an aliphatic alcohol, wherein the MFI of the copolymer B) 100 g / 10 min, preferably 150 g / 10 min, more preferably 300 g / 10 min not below. In a preferred embodiment If the copolymer B) is less than 4 wt .-%, especially preferably less than 1.5% by weight and most preferably to 0 wt .-% of monomer building blocks, the more reactive functional Groups (selected from the group comprising epoxides, oxetanes, Anhydrides, imides, aziridines, furans, acids, amines, oxazolines) contain.

suitable Olefins, preferably α-olefins as a constituent of the copolymers B) preferably have between 2 and 10 carbon atoms and may be unsubstituted or with one or more aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic groups.

preferred Olefins are selected from the group comprising ethene, Propene, 1-butene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene, 1-octene, 3-methyl-1-pentene. Particularly preferred olefins are ethene and propene, very particularly preferred is ethene.

Also suitable are mixtures of the olefins described.

In a further preferred embodiment, the other reactive functional groups (selected from the group comprising epoxides, oxetanes, anhydrides, imides, aziridines, furans, Acids, amines, oxazolines) of the copolymer B) exclusively via the olefins are introduced into the copolymer B).

Of the Content of the olefin on the copolymer B) is between 50 and 90 Wt .-%, preferably between 55 and 75 wt .-%.

The Copolymer B) is further defined by the second component next to the olefin. The second ingredient is alkyl or arylalkyl esters the acrylic acid or methacrylic acid suitable, whose Alkyl or arylalkyl group formed from 1-30 carbon atoms becomes. The alkyl or arylalkyl group can be linear or branched be contained as well as cycloaliphatic or aromatic groups, also by one or more ether or thioether functions be substituted. Suitable methacrylic or acrylic esters in this context are also those consisting of an alcohol component were synthesized on oligoethylene glycol or oligopropylene glycol with only one hydroxyl group and a maximum of 30 carbon atoms.

For example, the alkyl or arylalkyl group of the methacrylic or acrylic ester may be selected from the group comprising methyl, ethyl, i-propyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, i-butyl, t-butyl, 1-pentyl, 1-hexyl, 2-hexyl, 3-hexyl, 1-heptyl, 3-heptyl, 1-octyl, 1- (2-ethyl) -hexyl, 1-nonyl, 1-decyl, 1-dodecyl, 1-lauryl or 1-octadecyl. Preferred are alkyl or arylalkyl groups having 5-20 carbon atoms. Branched alkyl groups are particularly preferred which lead to a lower glass transition temperature T _G compared to linear alkyl groups of the same number of carbon atoms.

Particularly according to the invention preferred are copolymers B) in which the olefin with acrylic acid (2-ethyl) hexyl ester is copolymerized. Also suitable are mixtures of the described Acrylic acid or methacrylic acid ester.

Prefers Here, the use of more than 60 wt .-%, particularly preferred more than 90 wt .-%, and most preferably the use of 100 wt .-% acrylic acid (2-ethyl) hexyl ester based on the Total amount of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid esters in copolymer B).

In a further preferred embodiment, the other reactive functional groups (selected from the group comprising epoxides, oxetanes, anhydrides, imides, aziridines, furans, Acids, amines, oxazolines) of the copolymer B) exclusively via the acrylic acid or methacrylic acid esters in the Copolymer B) introduced.

Of the Content of the acrylic or methacrylic esters on copolymer B) is between 10 and 50 wt .-%, preferably between 25 and 45 wt .-%.

suitable Copolymers B) are characterized in addition to the composition the low molecular weight. Accordingly, for the molding compositions according to the invention only copolymers B), which has an MFI value measured at 190 ° C and a load of 2.16 kg of at least 100 g / 10 min, preferred of at least 150 g / 10 min, more preferably of at least 300 g / 10 min.

Suitable copolymers of component B) can be selected for example from the group of materials supplied by Messrs. Atofina under the trade name Lotryl EH ^®, which usually are used as hot melt adhesives.

In a preferred embodiment, the inventive thermoplastic molding compositions in addition to the component of the polyester alone or in the case of using a flow improver in addition to the components A) and B) one or more the components from the series C), D), E), F) or G).

• C) 0,001 bis 70 Gew.-Teile, vorzugsweise 5 bis 50 Gew.-Teile, besonders bevorzugt 9 bis 47 Gew.-Teile eines Füll- und/oder Verstärkungsstoffes.

According to the invention, the component C) stands for

• C) 0.001 to 70 parts by weight, preferably 5 to 50 parts by weight, particularly preferably 9 to 47 parts by weight of a filler and / or reinforcing material.

But it can also be a mixture of two or more different fillers and / or reinforcing agents, for example based on talc, mica, silicate, quartz, titanium dioxide, wollastonite, kaolin, amorphous silicas, magnesium carbonate, chalk, feldspar, barium sulfate, glass beads and / or fibrous Be contained fillers and / or reinforcing materials based on carbon fibers and / or glass fibers. Preference is given to using mineral particulate fillers based on talc, mica, silicate, quartz, titanium dioxide, wollastonite, kaolin, amorphous silicas, magnesium carbonate, chalk, feldspar, barium sulfate and / or glass fibers. Mineral particulate fillers based on talc, wollastonite, kaolin and / or glass fibers are particularly preferably used according to the invention.

Especially for applications where isotropy in dimensional stability and high thermal dimensional stability is required such as in automotive applications for exterior body parts, Preference is given to using mineral fillers, in particular Talc, wollastonite or kaolin.

Especially furthermore, acicular mineral are also preferred Fillers used as component C). Under acicular mineral fillers according to the invention a mineral filler with pronounced acicular character understood. As an example called acicular Wollastonite. This preferably has Mineral a length: diameter - ratio from 2: 1 to 35: 1, more preferably from 3: 1 to 19: 1, most preferably from 4: 1 to 12: 1. The mean particle size the acicular minerals of the invention is preferably less than 20 microns, more preferably at less than 15 microns, more preferably at less than 10 microns determined with a CILAS GRANULOMETER.

As already described above, the filler and / or reinforcing material optionally surface-modified, for example with an adhesion promoter or adhesion promoter system z. B. silane-based. The However, pretreatment is not essential. Especially when using glass fibers may additionally to silanes and polymer dispersions, film formers, branching agents and / or Fiber processing aids are used.

The Particularly preferably used according to the invention Glass fibers, which generally have a fiber diameter between 7 and 18 μm, preferably between 9 and 15 μm, are used as continuous fibers or as cut or ground glass fibers added. The fibers can be treated with a suitable sizing system and an adhesion promoter or adhesion promoter system z. B. silane-based be equipped.

q: eine ganze Zahl von 2 bis 10, bevorzugt 3 bis 4,
r: eine ganze Zahl von 1 bis 5, bevorzugt 1 bis 2,
k: eine ganze Zahl von 1 bis 3, bevorzugt 1.Typical silane-based adhesion promoters for the pretreatment are silane compounds, for example of the general formula (I) (X- (CH ₂ ) _q ) _k -Si (OC _r H _{2r + 1} ) _4-k (I) in which the substituents have the following meanings:
X: NH ₂ -, HO-,

q: an integer from 2 to 10, preferably 3 to 4,
r: an integer from 1 to 5, preferably 1 to 2,
k: an integer of 1 to 3, preferably 1.

preferred Adhesion promoters are silane compounds from the group of aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, Aminobutyltrimethoxysilane, aminopropyltriethoxysilane, aminobutyltriethoxysilane and the corresponding silanes, which as substituent X is a glycidyl group contain.

For The equipment of the fillers become the silane compounds generally in amounts of from 0.05 to 2% by weight, preferably 0.25 to 1.5 wt .-% and in particular 0.5 to 1 wt .-% based on the mineral filler for surface coating used.

The Particulate fillers may be conditional by the processing to the molding material or molding in the molding compound or in the molding a smaller d97- or d50 value than the fillers originally used. The glass fibers may be due to the processing of Molding material or molding in the molding compound or in the molding shorter length distributions than originally have used.

• D) 0,001 bis 50 Gew.-Teile, vorzugsweise 9 bis 35 Gew.-Teile mindestens eines Flammschutzmittels in den thermoplastischen Formmassen enthalten sein.

In an alternative preferred embodiment, in addition to the components A), B) and / or C)

• D) 0.001 to 50 parts by weight, preferably 9 to 35 parts by weight of at least one flame retardant in the be contained thermoplastic molding compositions.

As flame retardants of component D) commercially available organic halogen compounds with synergists or commercially available organic nitrogen compounds or organic / inorganic phosphorus compounds can be used individually or in admixture. Also mineral flame retardant additives such as magnesium hydroxide or Ca-Mg-carbonate hydrates (eg. DE-A 4 236 122 (= CA 2 109 024 A1 )) can be used. Also suitable are salts of aliphatic or aromatic sulfonic acids. Examples which may be mentioned of halogen-containing, in particular brominated and chlorinated, compounds are: ethylene-1,2-bistetrabromophthalimide, epoxidized tetrabromobisphenol A resin, tetrabromobisphenol A oligocarbonate, tetrachlorobisphenol A oligocarbonate, pentabromopolyacrylate, brominated polystyrene and decabromodiphenyl ether. As organic phosphorus compounds z. B. the phosphorus compounds according to WO-A 98/17720 (= US Pat. No. 6,538,024 ) suitable, such. B. triphenyl phosphate (TPP), resorcinol bis (diphenyl) (RDP) and the oligomers derived therefrom and bisphenol A bis-diphenyl phosphate (BDP) and the oligomers derived therefrom, further organic and inorganic phosphonic acid derivatives and their salts, organic and inorganic phosphinic acid derivatives and their salts, in particular Metalldialkylphosphinate such. As aluminum tris [dialkylphosphinates] or zinc bis [dialkylphosphinates], also red phosphorus, phosphites, hypophosphites, Phospinoxide, phosphazenes, melamine pyrophosphate and mixtures thereof. Suitable nitrogen compounds are those from the group of allantoin, cyanuric, dicyandiamide, glycouril, guanidine-ammonium and melamine derivatives, preferably allantoin, benzoguanamine, glycouril, melamine, condensation products of melamine z. As melem, melam or melom or higher condensed compounds of this type and adducts of melamine with acids such. With cyanuric acid (melamine cyanurate), phosphoric acid (melamine phosphate) or condensed phosphoric acids (eg melamine polyphosphate). As synergists z. For example, antimony compounds, especially antimony trioxide, sodium antimonate and antimony pentoxide, zinc compounds such. As zinc borate, zinc oxide, zinc phosphate and zinc sulfide, tin compounds such. As tin stannate and tin borate and magnesium compounds such. As magnesium oxide, magnesium carbonate and magnesium borate suitable. Also, the flame retardant so-called carbon formers such. As phenol-formaldehyde resins, polycarbonates, polyphenyl ethers, polyimides, polysulfones, polyethersulfones, polyphenylosulfides and polyether ketones and anti-dripping agents such as tetrafluoroethylene polymers are added.

• E) 0,001 bis 80 Gew.-Teile, bevorzugt 2 bis 40 Gew.-Teile, besonders bevorzugt 4 bis 19 Gew.-Teile mindestens eines Elastomermodifikators in den thermoplastischen Formmassen enthalten sein.

In a further alternative preferred embodiment, in addition to the components A), B) and / or C) and / or D)

• E) 0.001 to 80 parts by weight, preferably 2 to 40 parts by weight, more preferably 4 to 19 parts by weight of at least one elastomer modifier contained in the thermoplastic molding compositions.

• E.1 5 bis 95 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 30 bis 90 Gew.-%, wenigstens eines Vinylmonomeren auf
• E.2 95 bis 5 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 70 bis 10 Gew.-% einer oder mehrerer Pfropfgrundlagen mit Glasübergangstemperaturen < 10°C, vorzugsweise < 0°C, besonders bevorzugt < –20°C.

The elastomer modifiers to be used as component E) comprise one or more graft polymers of

• E.1 5 to 95 wt .-%, preferably 30 to 90 wt .-%, of at least one vinyl monomer on
• E.2 95 to 5 wt .-%, preferably 70 to 10 wt .-% of one or more graft bases with glass transition temperatures <10 ° C, preferably <0 ° C, particularly preferably <-20 ° C.

The graft base E.2 generally has an average particle size (d ₅₀ value) of 0.05 to 10 .mu.m, preferably 0.1 to 5 .mu.m, particularly preferably 0.2 to 1 .mu.m.

• E.1.1 50 bis 99 Gew.-% Vinylaromaten und/oder kernsubstituierten Vinylaromaten (wie beispielsweise Styrol, α-Methylstyrol, p-Methylstyrol, p-Chlorstyrol) und/oder Methacrylsäure-(C₁-C₈)-Alkylester (wie z. B. Methylmethacrylat, Ethylmethacrylat) und
• E.1.2 1 bis 50 Gew.-% Vinylcyanide (ungesättigte Nitrile wie Acrylnitril und Methacrylnitril) und/oder (Meth)Acrylsäure-(C₁-C₈)-Alkylester (wie z. B. Methylmethacrylat, n-Butylacrylat, t-Butylacrylat) und/oder Derivate (wie Anhydride und Imide) ungesättigter Carbonsäuren (beispielsweise Maleinsäureanhydrid und N-Phenyl-Maleinimid).

Monomers E.1 are preferably mixtures of

• E.1.1 50 to 99 wt .-% vinyl aromatics and / or ring-substituted vinyl aromatics (such as styrene, α-methyl styrene, p-methyl styrene, p-chlorostyrene) and / or methacrylic acid (C ₁ -C ₈ ) alkyl esters (such B. methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate) and
• E.1.2 1 to 50% by weight of vinyl cyanides (unsaturated nitriles such as acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile) and / or (meth) acrylic acid (C ₁ -C ₈ ) -alkyl esters (such as, for example, methyl methacrylate, n-butyl acrylate, t-butyl) Butyl acrylate) and / or derivatives (such as anhydrides and imides) of unsaturated carboxylic acids (eg, maleic anhydride and N-phenyl-maleimide).

preferred Monomers E.1.1 are selected from at least one of Monomeric styrene, α-methylstyrene and methyl methacrylate, preferred monomers E.1.2 are selected from at least one of the monomers acrylonitrile, maleic anhydride and Methyl methacrylate.

Especially preferred monomers are E.1.1 styrene and E.1.2 acrylonitrile.

Suitable graft bases E.2 for the graft polymers to be used in the elastomer modifiers E) are, for example, diene rubbers, EP (D) M rubbers, ie those based on ethylene / propylene and optionally diene, acrylate, polyurethane, silicone, chloroprene and ethylene / vinyl acetate rubbers.

preferred Grafting Principles E.2 are diene rubbers (for example based on butadiene, Isoprene, etc.) or mixtures of diene rubbers or copolymers of diene rubbers or mixtures thereof with other copolymerizable Monomers (eg according to E.1.1 and E.1.2), with the Provided that the glass transition temperature of the Component E.2 below <10 ° C, preferably <0 ° C, particularly preferably <-10 ° C is.

Especially is preferred as the grafting E.2. pure polybutadiene rubber.

Particularly preferred polymers E are z. As ABS polymers (emulsion, mass and suspension ABS), as z. B. in the DE-A 2 035 390 (= US Pat. No. 3,644,574 ) or in the DE-A 2 248 242 (= GB-A 1 409 275 ) or in Ullmann, Enzyklopadie der Technischen Chemie, Vol. 19 (1980), p. 280 ff. are described. The gel content of the graft base E.2 is at least 30% by weight, preferably at least 40% by weight (measured in toluene).

The Elastomer modifiers or graft copolymers E) are by radical polymerization, eg. B. by emulsion, suspension, Solution or bulk polymerization, preferably by emulsion or Bulk polymerization prepared.

Particularly suitable graft rubbers are also ABS polymers obtained by redox initiation with an initiator system of organic hydroperoxide and ascorbic acid according to US-A 4,937,285 getting produced.

There in the grafting reaction the grafting monomers are not necessarily known grafted completely onto the grafting base, according to the invention under graft polymers E also understood such products by (co) polymerization the graft monomers are obtained in the presence of the graft and incurred in the workup.

Suitable acrylate rubbers are based on graft base E.2, which are preferably polymers of alkyl acrylates, optionally with up to 40 wt .-%, based on E.2 other polymerizable, ethylenically unsaturated monomers. Preferred polymerizable acrylic acid esters include C ₁ -C ₈ alkyl esters, for example, methyl, ethyl, butyl, n-octyl and 2-ethylhexyl esters; Haloalkyl, preferably halo-C ₁ -C ₈ alkyl esters, such as chloroethyl acrylate and mixtures of these monomers.

to Crosslinking can be monomers with more than one polymerizable Double bond to be copolymerized. Preferred examples of Crosslinking monomers are esters of unsaturated monocarboxylic acids with 3 to 8 C atoms and unsaturated monohydric alcohols with 3 to 12 carbon atoms, or saturated polyols with 2 to 4 OH groups and 2 to 20 C atoms, such as. B. ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, allyl methacrylate; polyunsaturated heterocyclic Compounds, such. Trivinyl and triallyl cyanurate; polyfunctional Vinyl compounds such as di- and trivinylbenzenes; but also triallyl phosphate and diallyl phthalate.

preferred crosslinking monomers are allyl methacrylate, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, Diallyl phthalate and heterocyclic compounds containing at least Have 3 ethylenically unsaturated groups.

Especially preferred crosslinking monomers are the cyclic monomers triallyl cyanurate, Triallyl isocyanurate, triacryloylhexahydro-s-triazine, triallylbenzenes. The amount of crosslinked monomers is preferably 0.02 to 5, in particular 0.05 to 2 wt .-%, based on the graft E.2.

at cyclic crosslinking monomers having at least 3 ethylenically unsaturated Groups, it is advantageous, the amount to less than 1 wt .-% of the graft E.2 restrict.

Preferred "other" polymerizable, ethylenically unsaturated monomers which may optionally be used in addition to the acrylic acid esters for the preparation of the graft base E.2 are, for example, acrylonitrile, styrene, α-methylstyrene, acrylamides, vinyl-C ₁ -C ₆ -alkyl ethers, methyl methacrylate, butadiene , Preferred acrylate rubbers as the graft base E.2 are emulsion polymers which have a gel content of at least 60% by weight.

Further suitable grafting principles according to E.2 are silicone rubbers with graft-active sites as described in US Pat DE-A 3 704 657 (= US 4,859,740 ) DE-A 3 704 655 (= U.S. 4,861,831 ) DE-A 3 631 540 (= US 4,806 593 ) and DE-A 3 631 539 (= U.S. 4,812,515 ) to be discribed.

Next Elastomer modifiers based on graft polymers can also not based on graft polymer elastomer modifiers as component E), the glass transition temperatures <10 ° C, preferably <0 ° C, more preferably <-20 ° C exhibit. For this purpose, z. B. elastomers having a block copolymer structure belong. For this purpose, z. B. thermoplastic meltable elastomers include. Exemplary and preferred EPM, EPDM and / or SEBS rubbers are mentioned here.

• F) 0,001 bis 80 Gew.-Teile, bevorzugt 10 bis 70 Gew.-Teile, besonders bevorzugt 20 bis 60 Gew.-Teile eines Polycarbonats in den thermoplastischen Formmassen enthalten sein.

In a further alternative preferred embodiment, in addition to the components A), B), and / or C) and / or D) and / or E)

• F) 0.001 to 80 parts by weight, preferably 10 to 70 parts by weight, particularly preferably 20 to 60 parts by weight of a polycarbonate in the thermoplastic molding compositions.

Preferred polycarbonates are those homopolycarbonates and copolycarbonates based on the bisphenols of the general formula (II), HO-Z-OH (II) wherein Z is a divalent organic radical having 6 to 30 carbon atoms which contains one or more aromatic groups.

worin
A für eine Einfachbindung, C1-C5-Alkylen, C2-C5-Alkyliden, C5-C6-Cycloalkyliden, -O-, -SO-, -CO-, -S-, -SO2-, C6-C12-Arylen, an das weitere aromatische gegebenenfalls Heteroatome enthaltende Ringe kondensiert sein können, steht,
oder A für einen Rest der Formel (IV) oder (V)

steht, worin
X für jeweils C₁-C₁₂-Alkyl, vorzugsweise Methyl, Halogen, vorzugsweise Chlor und/oder Brom steht,
n jeweils unabhängig voneinander für 0, 1 oder 2 steht,
p für 1 oder 0 steht,
R⁷ und R⁸ für jedes Y individuell wählbar, unabhängig voneinander für Wasserstoff oder C₁-C₆-Alkyl, vorzugsweise Wasserstoff, Methyl oder Ethyl stehen,
Y für Kohlenstoff steht und
m für eine ganze Zahl von 4 bis 7, bevorzugt 4 oder 5 steht, mit der Maßgabe, dass an mindestens einem Atom Y, R⁷ und R⁸ gleichzeitig Alkyl sind.Preference is given to bisphenols of the formula (III)

wherein
A represents a single bond, C 1 -C 5 -alkylene, C 2 -C 5 -alkylidene, C 5 -C 6 -cycloalkylidene, -O-, -SO-, -CO-, -S-, -SO 2 -, C 6 -C 12 -arylene the further aromatic rings containing optionally heteroatoms can be condensed,
or A is a radical of the formula (IV) or (V)

stands in which
X is each C ₁ -C ₁₂ -alkyl, preferably methyl, halogen, preferably chlorine and / or bromine,
each n is independently 0, 1 or 2,
p stands for 1 or 0,
R ⁷ and R ^{8 are} individually selectable for each Y, independently of one another represent hydrogen or C ₁ -C ₆ -alkyl, preferably hydrogen, methyl or ethyl,
Y stands for carbon and
m is an integer from 4 to 7, preferably 4 or 5, with the proviso that on at least one atom Y, R ⁷ and R ^{8 are} simultaneously alkyl.

Examples for bisphenols according to the general Formula (II) are bisphenols belonging to the following groups: Dihydroxy diphenyls, bis (hydroxyphenyl) alkanes, bis (hydroxyphenyl) cycloalkanes, Indanebisphenols, bis (hydroxyphenyl) sulfides, bis (hydroxyphenyl) ethers, Bis (hydroxyphenyl) ketones, bis (hydroxyphenyl) sulfones, bis (hydroxyphenyl) sulfoxides and α, α'-bis (hydroxyphenyl) diisopropylbenzenes.

Also Derivatives of said bisphenols, for example by alkylation or halogenation on the aromatic rings of said bisphenols are accessible, examples of bisphenols according to the general formula (II).

Examples for bisphenols according to the general Formula (II) are in particular the following compounds: hydroquinone, Resorcinol, 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenyl, bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) sulfide, bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) sulfone, Bis (3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) methane, bis (3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) sulfone, 1,1-bis (3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) - p / m-diisopropylbenzene, 1,1-bis- (4-hydroxyphenyl) -1-phenyl-ethane, 1,1-bis- (3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) -cyclohexane, 1,1-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -3-methylcyclohexane, 1,1-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -3,3-dimethylcyclohexane, 1,1-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -4-methylcyclohexane. 1,1-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -cyclohexane, 1,1-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane, 2,2-bis (3,5-dichloro-4-hydroxyphenyl) -propane, 2,2-bis- (3-methyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) -propane, 2,2-bis- (3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) -propane, 2,2-bis- (4-hydroxyphenyl) -propane (i.e., bisphenol A), 2,2-bis (3-chloro-4-hydroxyphenyl) -propane, 2,2-bis- (3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxyphenyl) -propane, 2,4-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -2-methylbutane, 2,4-bis- (3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) -2-methylbutane, α, α'-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -o-diisopropylbenzene, α, α'-bis- (4-hydroxyphenyl ) -m-diisopropylbenzene (i.e., bisphenol M), α, α'-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -p-diisopropylbenzene and indanebisphenol.

Particularly according to the invention preferably used as component F) polycarbonates are the homopolycarbonate based on bisphenol A, the homopolycarbonate based on 1,1-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane and the copolycarbonates based on the two monomers bisphenol A and 1,1-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane.

The described bisphenols according to the general Formula (II) may be prepared by known methods, e.g. B. off the corresponding phenols and ketones.

The above bisphenols and processes for their preparation are described, for example, in the monograph H. Schnell, "Chemistry and Physics of Polycarbonates", Polymer Reviews, Vol. 9, pp. 77-98, Interscience Publishers, New York, London, Sydney, 1964 ,

1,1-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane and its preparation is, for. B. described in US Pat. No. 4,982,014 ,

Indanebisphenols For example, may be prepared from isopropenylphenol or its derivatives or from dimers of isopropenylphenol or its derivatives in Presence of a Friedel-Craft catalyst in organic solvents getting produced.

Polycarbonates can be prepared by known methods. Suitable processes for the preparation of polycarbonates are, for example, the preparation from bisphenols with phosgene by the phase boundary process or from bisphenols with phosgene by the homogeneous-phase process, the so-called pyridine process, or from bisphenols with carbonic acid esters by the melt transesterification process. These production methods are z. B. described in H. Schnell, "Chemistry and Physiology of Polycarbonates", Polymer Reviews, Vol. 9, pp. 31-76, Interscience Publishers, New York, London, Sidney, 1964 ,

at The production of polycarbonate are preferred raw materials and Excipients used with a low level of impurities. In particular, in the preparation of the melt transesterification process should the bisphenols used and the carbonic acid derivatives used be as free as possible of alkali ions and alkaline earth ions. Such pure raw materials are available, for example, by the carbonic acid derivatives, for example carbonic esters, and the bisphenols recrystallized, washed or distilled.

The polycarbonates which are suitable according to the invention preferably have a weight-average molecular weight ( M w) which, for example, is. B. determined by ultracentrifugation or scattered light measurement, of 10,000 up to 200 000 g / mol. More preferably, they have a weight average molecular weight of 12,000 to 80,000 g / mol, more preferably 20,000 to 35,000 g / mol.

The average molar mass of the polycarbonates of the invention can, for example, in a known manner by an appropriate amount be set to chain breakers. The chain breakers can used singly or as a mixture of different chain terminators become.

suitable Chain terminators are both monophenols and monocarboxylic acids. Suitable monophenols are, for. Phenol, p-chlorophenol, p-tert-butylphenol, Cumylphenol or 2,4,6-tribromophenol, as well as long-chain alkylphenols, such as B. 4- (1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl) phenol or monoalkylphenols or dialkylphenols having a total of 8 to 20 carbon atoms in the alkyl substituents such as B. 3,5-di-tert-butylphenol, p-tert-octylphenol, p-dodecylphenol, 2- (3,5-dimethyl-heptyl) -phenol or 4- (3,5-dimethyl-heptyl) -phenol. suitable Monocarboxylic acids are benzoic acid, alkyl benzoic acids and halobenzoic acids.

preferred Chain terminators are phenol, p-tert-butylphenol, 4- (1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl) phenol and cumylphenol.

The Amount of chain terminators is preferably between 0.25 and 10 mol%, based on the sum of the bisphenols used in each case.

The According to the invention suitable polycarbonates can be branched in a known manner, preferably by the Incorporation of trifunctional or more than trifunctional branching agents. Suitable branching agents are z. For example, those with three or more than three phenolic groups or those having three or more than three carboxylic acid groups.

suitable Branches are, for example, phloroglucin, 4,6-dimethyl-2,4,6-tri- (4-hydroxyphenyl) -hepten-2, 4,6-dimethyl-2,4,6-tri (4-hydroxyphenyl) heptane, 1,3,5-tri (4-hydroxyphenyl) benzene, 1,1,1-tris- (4-hydroxyphenyl ) ethane, Tri- (4-hydroxyphenyl) -phenylmethane, 2,2-bis [4,4-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -cyclohexyl] -propane, 2,4-bis- (4-hydroxyphenyl-isopropyl) -phenol, 2,6-bis (2-hydroxy-5'-methylbenzyl) -4-methylphenol, 2- (4-hydroxyphenyl) -2- (2,4-dihydroxyphenyl) -propane, hexa- (4- (4-hydroxyphenyl-isopropyl) -phenyl) terephthalic acid ester, Tetra (4-hydroxyphenyl) methane, tetra (4- (4-hydroxyphenyl-isopropyl) -phenoxy) -methane and 1,4-bis (4 ', 4 "-dihydroxytriphenyl) -methylbenzene and 2,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, trimesic acid, Cyanuric chloride, 3,3-bis (3-methyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) -2-oxo-2,3-dihydroindole, Trimesic acid trichloride and α, α ', α "-tris- (4-hydroxyphenol) -1,3,5-triisopropylbenzene.

preferred Branches are 1,1,1-tris (4-hydroxyphenyl) ethane and 3,3-bis (3-methyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) -2-oxo-2,3-dihydroindole.

The Amount of optionally used branching is preferably 0.05 mol% to 2 mol%, based on moles of used Bisphenols.

The Branching can, for example, in the case of manufacture of the polycarbonate according to the interfacial process with the bisphenols and the chain terminators in the aqueous be submitted to alkaline phase, or in an organic solvent dissolved together with the carbonic acid derivatives added become. In the case of the transesterification process, the branching preferably dosed together with the dihydroxyaromatics or bisphenols.

Prefers catalysts to be used in the production of polycarbonate after the melt transesterification process are known from the literature Ammonium salts and phosphonium salts.

Copolycarbonates can also be used. Copolycarbonates according to the invention are in particular polydiorganosiloxane-polycarbonate block copolymers whose weight average molar mass ( M W) is preferably from 10,000 to 200,000 g / mol, particularly preferably from 20,000 to 80,000 g / mol (determined by gel chromatography after prior calibration by light scattering or ultracentrifugation). The content of aromatic carbonate structural units in the polydiorganosiloxane-polycarbonate block copolymers is preferably 75 to 97.5 parts by weight, more preferably 85 to 97 parts by weight. The content of polydiorganosiloxane structural units in the polydiorganosiloxane-polycarbonate block copolymers is preferably 25 to 2.5 parts by weight, more preferably 15 to 3 parts by weight. The polydiorganosiloxane-polycarbonate block copolymers can, for example, starting from α, ω-Bishydroxyaryloxyendgruppen-containing polydiorganosiloxanes having an average degree of polymerization of preferably Pn = 5 to 100, particularly be preferably Pn = 20 to 80.

The Polydiorganosiloxane polycarbonate block polymers may also be used a blend of polydiorganosiloxane polycarbonate block copolymers with conventional polysiloxane-free, thermoplastic polycarbonates, wherein the total content of polydiorganosiloxane structural units in this mixture is preferably 2.5 to 25 parts by weight.

worin
Ar für gleiche oder verschiedene difunktionelle aromatische Reste steht und
R⁹ und R¹⁰ gleich oder verschieden sind und für lineares Alkyl, verzweigtes Alkyl, Alkenyl, halogeniertes lineares Alkyl, halogeniertes verzweigtes Alkyl, Aryl oder halogeniertes Aryl, vorzugsweise Methyl stehen, bedeuten und
l für den mittleren Polymerisationsgrad von bevorzugt 5 bis 100, besonders bevorzugt 20 bis 80, steht.Such polydiorganosiloxane-polycarbonate block copolymers are characterized in that they contain in the polymer chain, on the one hand, aromatic carbonate structure units (VI) and, on the other hand, aryloxy end group-containing polydiorganosiloxanes (VII),

wherein
Ar represents the same or different difunctional aromatic radicals and
R ⁹ and R ^{10 are the} same or different and are linear alkyl, branched alkyl, alkenyl, halogenated linear alkyl, halogenated branched alkyl, aryl or halogenated aryl, preferably methyl, and
l for the average degree of polymerization of preferably 5 to 100, particularly preferably 20 to 80, stands.

Alkyl in the above formula (VII) is preferably C ₁ -C ₂₀ -alkyl, alkenyl in the above formula (VII) is preferably C ₂ -C ₆ -alkenyl; Aryl in the above formulas (VI) or (VII) is preferably C ₆ -C ₁₄ aryl. Halogenated in the above formulas means partially or fully chlorinated, brominated or fluorinated.

Examples for alkyls, alkenyls, aryls, halogenated alkyls and halogenated Aryls are methyl, ethyl, propyl, n-butyl, tert-butyl, vinyl, phenyl, Naphthyl, chloromethyl, perfluorobutyl, perfluorooctyl and chlorophenyl.

Such polydiorganosiloxane-polycarbonate block copolymers and their preparation belong to the state of the art and are described, for example, in US Pat US-A 3,189,662 described.

Preferred polydiorganosiloxane polycarbonate block copolymers may be e.g. Example, be prepared by α, ω-Bishydroxyaryloxyendgruppen-containing polydiorganosiloxanes together with other bisphenols, optionally with the concomitant use of branching agents in the usual amounts, eg. B. implemented according to the two-phase interface method (as described, for example in H. Schnell, "Chemistry and Physiology of Polycarbonates", Polymer Reviews, Vol. 9, pp. 31-76, Interscience Publishers, New York, London, Sydney, 1964 ). The α, ω-Bishydroxyaryloxyendgruppen-containing polydiorganosiloxanes used as starting materials for their synthesis and their preparation are known in the art and are, for example, in US-A 3 419 634 described.

The Polycarbonates can conventional additives such. As mold release agents, stabilizers and / or flow agents be mixed in the melt or on your surface be applied. The m-using polycarbonates preferably contain already release agent before compounding with the others Components of the molding compositions of the invention.

• G) 0,001 bis 10 Gew.-Teile, bevorzugt 0,05 bis 5 Gew.-Teile, besonders bevorzugt 0,1 bis 3,5 Gew.-Teile weitere übliche Additive in den thermoplastischen Formmassen enthalten sein.

In a further alternative preferred embodiment, in addition to components A), B), and / or C) and / or D) and / or E) and / or F)

• G) 0.001 to 10 parts by weight, preferably 0.05 to 5 parts by weight, more preferably 0.1 to 3.5 parts by weight of further conventional additives in the thermoplastic molding compositions.

Usual additives of component G) are z. As stabilizers (for example, UV stabilizers, heat stabilizers, gamma ray stabilizers), antistatic agents, flow aids, mold release agents, others Fire retardant additives, emulsifiers, nucleating agents, plasticizers, lubricants, dyes, pigments and additives for increasing the electrical conductivity. The above-mentioned and further suitable additives are described, for example, in US Pat Gächter, Müller, Kunststoff-Additive, 3rd Edition, Hanser-Verlag, Munich, Vienna, 1989 and in Plastics Additives Handbook, 5th Edition, Hanser-Verlag, Munich, 2001 , The additives can be used alone or mixed or in the form of masterbatches.

When Stabilizers can be, for example, organophosphorus compounds, Phosphites, hindered phenols, hydroquinones, aromatic secondary amines such. B. diphenylamines, substituted Resorcinols, salicylates, benzotriazoles and benzophenones, as well as various substituted representatives of these groups and mixtures thereof used become.

When Pigments can z. Titanium dioxide, zinc sulfide, ultramarine blue, Iron oxide, carbon black, phthalocyanines, quinacridones, perylenes, Nigrosine and anthraquinones are used.

When Nucleating agents may, for. For example, sodium or calcium phenylphosphinate, Alumina, silica and preferably talc used become.

When Lubricants and mold release agents may, for. B. ester waxes, Pentaerythritol tetrastearate (PETS), long-chain fatty acids (eg stearic acid or behenic acid), their salts (eg Ca or Zn stearate) as well as amide derivatives (eg ethylene-bis-stearylamide) or montan waxes (mixtures of straight-chain, saturated carboxylic acids with chain lengths of 28 to 32 carbon atoms) can be used. As a plasticizer, for example, dioctyl phthalate, Dibenzyl phthalate, butyl benzyl phthalate, Hydrocarbon oils, N- (n-butyl) benzenesulfonamide used become.

When Component G) may also be polyolefins, preferably polyethylene and / or polypropylene are used. Particularly preferred low molecular weight polyethylene or polypropylene waxes.

When Additives for increasing electrical conductivity may be soot, conductivity carbon black, Carbon fibrils, nanoscale graphite and carbon fibers, graphite, conductive polymers, metal fibers and other common ones Additives for increasing electrical conductivity be added. As nanoscale fibers may be preferred so-called "single wall carbon nanotubes" or "multi wall carbon nanotube "(eg the company Hyperion Catalysis) be used

According to the invention the following preferred combinations of components A; A, C; A, C, D; A, D; A, C, D, E; A, C, D, E, F; A, C, D, E, F, G; A, D, E, F, G; A, C, F, G; A, C, G; A, D, F, G; A, F, G; A, F; A, G; A, e; A, D, E; A, D, F; A, D, G; A, F, G; FROM; A, B, C; A, B, D; A, B, E; A, B, F; A, B, G; A, B, C, D; A, B, C, E; A, B, C, F; A, B, C, G; A, B, D, E; A, B, D, F; A, B, D, G; A, B, E, F; A, B, E, G; A, B, F, G; A, B, C, D, E; A, B, C, D, F; A, B, C, D, G; A, B, C, E, F; A, B, C, E, G; A, B, C, F, G; A, B, E, F, G; A, B, D, E, F; A, B, D, E, G; A, B, D, F, G; A, B, C, D, E, F; A, B, C, D, E, G; A, B, D, E, F, G; A, B, C, E, F, G; A, B, C, D, F, G; A, B, C, D, E, F, G.

The Preparation of the invention to be used thermoplastic molding compositions is carried out by known methods Mixing the components. The mixing of the components is carried out by Mixing the components in the appropriate proportions by weight. Preferably, the mixing of the components occurs at temperatures from 220 to 330 ° C by mixing together, mixing, Kneading, extruding or rolling the components. It can be beneficial be to premix individual components. It can still be beneficial be moldings or semi-finished products from a room temperature (preferred 0 to 40 ° C) produced physical mixture (dry blend) premixed components and / or individual components directly manufacture.

The Polyester molding compounds to be used according to the invention can by conventional methods, for example by injection molding or extrusion, to the invention Instrument panel structures are processed, preferably is the Injection molding.

The Instrument panel structures according to the invention are preferred in motor vehicles, more preferably in passenger cars, used.

preferred Instrument panel structures are cross members, instrument panel supports, CCB (Cross Car Beam) or cockpit carrier of motor vehicles.

The advantages of an instrument panel structure according to the invention are lightweight construction with concomitant CO ₂ reduction, improved crash behavior due to higher rigidity, strength and improved energy absorption of the component, improved acoustics (structure-borne noise, natural vibration behavior), space advantage over standard hybrid components according to the prior art (no overmolding more necessary) and a larger processing window than previous hybrid applications.

Example:

1 shows an inventive CCB (Cross Car Beam) or dashboard support of a passenger car.

dark shown is the closed sheet metal profile f 'with bright plastic molded holders and mounting positions.

2 shows a CCB in the form of an open-shell sheet metal profile with molded-on holders and mounting positions.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

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Claims (7)

Instrument panel structure, characterized in that it consists of a base body of surface-pretreated metal and a molded plastic on this, wherein a thermoplastic polyester is used as plastic. Instrument panel structure according to claim 2, characterized in that a metal of the series aluminum, Magnesium, titanium, iron or their alloys is used. Instrument panel structure according to the Claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the surface of the Metal by a process of series acid treatment, Soda treatment, amine treatment, anode treatment, turf treatment or laser treatment is pretreated. Instrument panel structure according to a of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that as Polyester polyalkylene terephthalates are used. Instrument panel structure according to claim 4, characterized in that as polyalkylene terephthalate polybutylene terephthalate or polyethylene terephthalate. Instrument panel structure according to a of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that flow improved Variants of the polyester are used, the A) 99.9 to 10 parts by weight, more preferably 99.5 to 30 parts by weight, completely particularly preferably from 99.0 to 55 parts by weight of thermoplastic Polyester and B) 0.1 to 20 parts by weight, preferably 0.25 to 15 parts by weight, particularly preferably 1.0 to 10 parts by weight, at least a copolymer of at least one olefin, preferably an α-olefin, and at least one methacrylic acid ester or acrylic acid ester an aliphatic alcohol, preferably an aliphatic alcohol with 1-30 carbon atoms, the MFI (Melt Flow Index) of the copolymer B) 100 g / 10 min, preferably 150 g / 10 min, not below and this at 190 ° C and one Test weight of 2.16 kg measured or determined. Instrument panel structure according to a of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the tight fit in addition via discrete connection points, namely via breakthroughs in the body, through which of the thermoplastic and across the surface the breakthroughs, takes place.