DE202008010122U1 - Device for carrying out the exhaust gas purification method (gasoline engine) - Google Patents

Abstract

The device for processing exhaust gases (gasoline engine)
consisting of pipelines, catalytic converters, turbochargers, etc. for gasoline engines, which generate polluted gases (soot, NOx, CO, CnHm) with non-zero energy (potentially and kinetically) when burning fuel; consists in the interaction of exhaust gases and catalysts.
1. The device differs in that the corresponding parts of the gasoline engine and its exhaust system (including turbocharger), which come into contact with the exhaust gases, are coated with a catalyst or composed of the catalytically active substances to protect the environment and to increase the economy ,
The catalyst present on the blades and on the exhaust duct walls allows the pollutants to burn after and exclude the use of a separate catalyst unit.
2. The device differs in that the relevant parts of the combustion chamber of the spark-ignition engine (eg cylinder-piston group, valves, etc.) are coated with a catalytically active substance for the purpose of environmental protection, as well as increasing specific performance and efficiency from...

Description

The The present invention relates to environmental protection, processing of exhaust gases in exhaust systems of gasoline engines.

Object of the invention:

development a device for the catalytic processing of exhaust gases, which reduces pollutant emissions and fuel economy of the engine increase.

State of the art:

The Reduction of pollutant emissions is through the use of an optimal Fuel-oxygen / air ratio and optimal Operating temperature within the combustion chamber and the catalyst achieved.

It catalysts are known which ceramic or metallic catalyst support use.

each The device has a metal housing (usually made of stainless steel), which is a one-piece structure made of ceramic or stainless steel. The structure is coated with a required catalyst.

Of the Catalyst oxidizes CO and CnHm and provides for reduction of NOx from the exhaust gases of a gasoline engine.

Because of its thin walls is the ceramic carrier of the catalyst brittle and inclined to vibrations or to harm (breaking) while shaking.

damage which occur at the catalyst, can by vibration influences or thermal shock caused by contact with puddles become.

One Car catalyst fulfills several functions. He takes over not only the dry cleaning, but also noise reduction and formation of an intended backpressure in the exhaust system.

modern Catalytic systems ensure effective contact with the catalyst through the use of facilities with large hydraulic Resistor (nominal Re> 10000).

The existing known types of catalysts have their disadvantages, namely: high aerodynamic drag at larger Stresses, especially in the case of a two or more stages Cleaning. The flow area of the channels remains unchanged during operation, that is why the vortex formation insufficient at lower flow rates, at higher flow rates results in excess resistance.

Therefore is a part of the power output of the internal combustion engine to overcome the aerodynamic drag of the catalyst design useless output, which is a significant reduction in engine performance and economy.

at Temperatures below optimal operating temperature find slowdown and losses in the efficiency of the catalytic reaction take place.

If the reaction temperature is higher than the optimum heat state is, the catalyst and its ceramic carrier may be damaged (eg sintering).

Of the operating engine operating in different modes produces combustion gases, which different temperatures and chemical compositions to have.

The Temperature of the exhaust gas changes as it passes through the exhaust system as well.

in the Moment there is no single catalyst, which is the cleaning run the diesel exhaust of all pollutants would, what a necessity requires, multi-stage cleaning procedures (eg: Bluetec for Mercedes-Benz, 3- to 4-stage).

The z. Z. existing development work (exhaust gas recirculation, alternative fuels, etc.) can only partially Provide solutions to this problem because of Fuel still burns badly and pollutes the environment becomes (CO, CnHm, NOx), i. H. the use of a catalyst is necessary, which in turn, losses in performance and economy through hydraulic Brings resistors.

Known patent ( DE 3929297 C2 A catalyst for the purification of exhaust gases, in particular from superstoichiometrically operated internal combustion engines and gas turbines from a one-piece present as a honeycomb body exhaust gas purifying catalyst having a catalyst for the selective reduction of nitrogen oxides by means of ammonia gas and in a downstream portion of an oxidation catalyst in an upstream section and as a coating of a downstream section of a as a Vollextrudat Reduktionskata lysators is applied.

In a known invention ( DE 103 35 265 A1 The present invention is based on the object of developing a new technology for the catalytic exhaust system and for the combustion chamber, which helps to solve the above problems.

Of the Advantage of this invention is that the exhaust system without a separate catalyst unit and a separate shock absorber can work; At the same time, the quality of the catalytic Maintain cleaning and even better.

The Invention minimizes the Leiutungsabsenkung the engine while this is operated in the operating modes, which increased and demand maximum power (uphill, overhaul, etc.), and thus contributes to safety, economy as well to environmental protection.

Further This invention ensures a qualitative fuel combustion when excluding the extreme temperature units, resulting in Reduction of pollutant emissions leads.

description

1 - Represents one of the existing variants of the emission control system. (Dreiwgkatalysator for Öttomotoren.)

2 - represents the proposed device for the processing of exhaust gases. (Gasoline engines).

Various descriptions refer to the 2

Parts of the engine and exhaust system ( 1 ), which come into contact with exhaust gases, are coated with (or composed of) catalytically active substances. This allows for a separate catalyst unit ( 3 . 4 . 5 - 1 ), which causes the lowering of the engine power, and perform the catalytic purification without loss of power through hydraulic resistances of the catalyst.

there the probability of mechanical and chemical damage of the catalyst is reduced.

At the catalytic components of the engine mixing and mutual reaction of fuel and oxidizer occur (eg: gasoline and air). Walls, pistons and other parts of the engine are coated with or composed of catalyst. ( 1 )

This allows it to improve the combustion process, it more complete and to make economical and pollutant emissions (CO, CnHm, NOx) to reduce. The use of the coatings of catalysts (eg, oxidizing and other catalysts) leaves the Formation of combustion residues and other Deposits on the surface of the exhaust system as well Avoid exhaust gas turbocharger.

This allows the life of the catalyst and turbocharger to increase and contribute to better environmental protection.

In order to save fuel and reduce emissions as well as maintain the catalyst at operating temperature, the electrical energy from the generator ( 5 ), which is driven by the turbocharger used.

Of the catalytic turbocharger operates optimally in the temperature range for the catalytic reaction (eg is heated up electrically).

Connecting the turbocharger ( 2 . 3 . 4 ,), for example, to a generator or to another adjustable resistor allows optimum speed and resistance of exhaust gas flows to be achieved. The resistance of a generator or other variable resistors is adapted to the engine operating condition to achieve optimum resistance in the exhaust system.

This allows the energy generated by the turbocharger in corresponding Use processes to improve the engine characteristics.

aim This work is the development of an emission control system, which a sufficient mass exchange with minimal hydraulic Resistance secures.

The Use of this invention allows the acceleration characteristics of the engine at its increasing load (starting, overtaking, etc.) to improve. This thus contributes to the reduction of the frequency of disturbances, Reduction of fuel consumption and, accordingly, reduction of fuel consumption Pollutant emission at.

1

Motor mit Auspuff

2

Turbolader.

3

Katalysator Nr. 1

4

Katalysator Nr. 2

1 - represents one of the existing variants of the emission control system. (Three-way catalytic converter for gasoline engines)

1

Engine with exhaust

2

Turbocharger.

3

Catalyst No. 1

4

Catalyst No. 2

1

Motor mit katalytischen Kolben und Auspuff

2

Turbolader mit Katalysator Nr. 1.

3

Turbolader mit Katalysator Nr. 2.

4

Turbolader mit Katalysator Nr. 3.

2 - represents the proposed device for processing exhaust gases. (Gasoline engine)

1

Engine with catalytic piston and exhaust

2

Turbocharger with catalyst no. 1.

3

Turbocharger with catalyst no. 2.

4

Turbocharger with catalyst no. 3.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• - DE 3929297 C2 [0019]
• - DE 10335265 A1 [0020]

Claims (1)

The device for processing exhaust gases (gasoline engine) consisting from pipelines, catalysts, turbochargers, etc. for Gasoline engines, which pollute gases during fuel combustion (Soot, NOx, CO, CnHm) with non-zero energy generate (potentially and kinetically); exists in interaction of Exhaust gases and catalysts. 1. The institution makes a difference The fact that the corresponding parts of the gasoline engine and its Exhaust system (including turbocharger), which with the Exhaust gases come into contact with environmental protection as well as Increasing the economy with a catalyst coated are or consist of the catalytically active substances. Of the on the blades and on the exhaust duct walls Catalyst burns the pollutants and the use exclude a separate catalyst unit. Second The facility differs in that the corresponding Parts of the combustion chamber of the gasoline engine (eg cylinder-piston group, Valves, etc.) for the purpose of environmental protection and increase the specific performance and economy with a catalytic active substance are coated or composed of such. Third The device differs from P. 1 and 2 in that The catalyst is designed to be environmentally friendly as well as increasing specific performance and thriftiness of the gasoline engine a different chemical composition in different Sections of the exhaust gas removal path incl. Combustion chamber which is due to the fact that the characteristic values of the gases change in the course of the combustion process in gasoline engines and in exhaust gas ducts. 4th The device differs from the P. 3 in that in order environmental protection and increasing the specific Performance and economy of the gasoline engine of the catalyst when using a multi-stage exhaust gas turbocharger or more turbocharger depending on the function to be fulfilled and process optimization likewise a different composition for different turbocharger stages (or for several turbochargers). 5. The device differs from P. 1 in that for the purpose of environmental protection as well as increasing specific performance and thriftiness of the gasoline engine to improve the catalysis process within the Abgasabführungsbahn a number of diverse measures to improve the mass exchange process (eg: whirling Special shape of the gas discharge track, optimal roughness both the walls, and the turbine wheel of the turbocharger etc.) is implemented.  6. The institution makes a difference P. 4 by that for the purpose of environmental protection and increase the specific performance and economy of the gasoline engine the turbocharger has an adjustable hydraulic resistance (eg Connection to the generator or to another adjustable resistor, Using the variable angle blades, etc.) has what a achieve optimum speed and optimum resistance of exhaust gas streams leaves. The resistance of the generator etc. will be on the operating condition of the engine for the purpose of achieving optimum Resistance of the exhaust system adapted. 7. The device differs from P. 6 in that in certain modes of operation of the gasoline engine (eg: engine start) the generator has the function of a Electric motor takes over by pushing the impellers of the turbocharger and thereby functions as a draft fan. In this case, the starting characteristics of the gasoline engine are improved and reduces pollution. 8. The institution makes a difference from P. 1 to 7., that for the purpose of environmental protection as well as the Increase the economy of the gasoline engine parts of the gasoline engine and / or the exhaust system with a catalyst with integrated Heating radiators are provided, which are the temperature of the catalysts keep in the optimum range. 9. The institution makes a difference differ from P. 8 and 9 in that for the purpose of maintaining the operating temperature the gasoline engine catalyst is used electrical energy which generated by a generator driven by the turbocharger, which causes fuel savings and lowering emissions. 10th The device will, if necessary, a readily oxidizable fuel and / or oxidizing agents (e.g., propane and air) into the exhaust gases to maintain the operating temperature of the catalyst. 11th The device differs from the P. 11 in that the section the Abgasabführungsbahn in gasoline engine, in which the additional Fuel (oxidant) is burned as a burner or as a similar The device is executed. Depending on requirements, multi-stage supply of the oxidizing agent and / or the fuel or recirculation used. 12th The equipment described in P. 1-12 relate also in mixed-type engines (eg: DSI engine DSG (VW), Ottodiesel-Mersedes etc.)