DE102008035271B4 - Method and device for processing exhaust gases (diesel engine) - Google Patents
Method and device for processing exhaust gases (diesel engine) Download PDFInfo
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- DE102008035271B4 DE102008035271B4 DE102008035271.3A DE102008035271A DE102008035271B4 DE 102008035271 B4 DE102008035271 B4 DE 102008035271B4 DE 102008035271 A DE102008035271 A DE 102008035271A DE 102008035271 B4 DE102008035271 B4 DE 102008035271B4
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- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 25
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003584 silencer Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000069 nitrogen hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002485 urinary effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2510/00—Surface coverings
- F01N2510/06—Surface coverings for exhaust purification, e.g. catalytic reaction
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2006—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
- F01N3/2013—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating using electric or magnetic heating means
- F01N3/2026—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating using electric or magnetic heating means directly electrifying the catalyst substrate, i.e. heating the electrically conductive catalyst substrate by joule effect
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2006—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
- F01N3/2046—Periodically cooling catalytic reactors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N5/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy
- F01N5/04—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy the devices using kinetic energy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
Abstract
Einrichtung zum Verarbeiten von Abgasen für Dieselmotoren, wobei Teile einer Verbrennungskammer des Dieselmotors mit einem katalytisch aktiven Stoff beschichtet sind oder sich aus einem solchen Stoff zusammensetzen,
wobei die verschiedenen Teile der Abgasabführungsbahn weitere katalytisch aktive Stoffe aufweisen,
wobei die weiteren katalytisch aktiven Stoffe eine von dem in der Verbrennungskammer vorgesehenen katalytisch aktiven Stoff abweichende chemische Zusammensetzung aufweisen,
die Abgasabführungsbahn mehrere Turbolader oder mehrere Abgasturbinen aufweist,
wobei verschiedene Turboladerstufen der Turbolader oder der Abgasturbinen die weiteren katalytisch aktiven Stoffe aufweisen,
wobei die verschiedenen Turboladerstufen der verschiedenen Turbolader mit voneinander verschiedenen katalytisch wirksamen Stoffen beschichtet sind.Device for processing exhaust gases for diesel engines, wherein parts of a combustion chamber of the diesel engine are coated with a catalytically active substance or are composed of such a substance,
wherein the various parts of the exhaust gas discharge path have further catalytically active substances,
wherein the further catalytically active substances have a chemical composition that differs from the catalytically active substance provided in the combustion chamber,
the exhaust gas discharge path has several turbochargers or several exhaust gas turbines,
wherein different turbocharger stages of the turbochargers or the exhaust gas turbines have the further catalytically active substances,
wherein the different turbocharger stages of the different turbochargers are coated with different catalytically active substances from one another.
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft den Umweltschutz sowie die Verarbeitung von Dieselabgasen.The present invention relates to environmental protection and the processing of diesel exhaust.
Ziel:Goal:
Entwicklung einer neuen Technologie sowie eines Gerätes zur katalytischen Verarbeitung von Abgasen zwecks einer Reduzierung der Schadstoffemission und Erhöhung der Wirtschaftlichkeit des Motors.Development of a new technology and a device for the catalytic processing of exhaust gases in order to reduce the emission of pollutants and increase the economy of the engine.
Stand der Technik:State of the art:
Die Reduktion der Schadstoffemission wird durch den Einsatz optimaler Kraftstoff-Sauerstoff/Luft-Proportion sowie optimaler Temperaturverhältnisse innerhalb der Verbrennungskammer und am Katalysator erzielt.The reduction in pollutant emissions is achieved through the use of optimal fuel-oxygen/air proportions and optimal temperature conditions within the combustion chamber and at the catalytic converter.
Es sind katalytische Reaktoren bekannt, welche Keramik- oder Metallträger mit erforderlicher KatalysatorBeschichtung verwenden.Catalytic reactors are known which use ceramic or metal supports with the necessary catalyst coating.
Jede Einrichtung besitzt ein Metallgehäuse (üblicherweise aus rostfreiem Stahl), welches eine einstöckige Struktur aus Keramik oder rostfreiem Stahl enthält. Die Struktur wird mit einem erforderlichen Katalysator beschichtet.Each device has a metal housing (usually stainless steel) which contains a ceramic or stainless steel unitary structure. The structure is coated with a required catalyst.
Ein Katalysator oxydiert CO und CnHm, der andere reduziert NOx aus den Abgasen eines Dieselmotors.One catalyst oxidizes CO and CnHm, the other reduces NOx from the exhaust gases of a diesel engine.
Wegen seiner dünnen Wände ist der Keramikträger des Katalysators spröde und geneigt zu Vibrationen oder zum Schaden (Brechen) beim Rütteln.Because of its thin walls, the ceramic support of the catalytic converter is brittle and prone to vibration or damage (breaking) when shaken.
Schäden, welche am Katalysator eintreten, können durch Schwingungseinflüsse oder Temperaturschock bei einem Kontakt mit Pfützenspritzern verursacht werden.Damage that occurs to the catalytic converter can be caused by vibration influences or thermal shock from contact with puddle splashes.
Ein Kfz-Katalysator erfüllt mehrere Funktionen. Er übernimmt nicht nur die chemische Reinigung, sondern auch Geräuschreduzierung und Bildung eines vorgesehenen Gegendruckes in der Abgasanlage.A car catalytic converter fulfills several functions. It not only takes care of chemical cleaning, but also noise reduction and creation of a planned back pressure in the exhaust system.
Moderne katalytische Anlagen sichern einen effektiven Kontakt mit dem Katalysator durch den Einsatz von Einrichtungen mit großem hydraulischem Widerstand (Nennwert Re > 10000).Modern catalytic devices ensure effective contact with the catalyst by using devices with high hydraulic resistance (rated value Re > 10000).
Die existierenden bekannten Typen von Katalysatoren haben ihre Nachteile, und zwar: hohen aerodynamischen Widerstand bei größeren Beanspruchungen, insbesondere im Falle einer zwei- oder mehrstufigen Reinigung. Der Durchflussquerschnitt der Kanäle bleibt im Laufe des Betriebs unverändert, deswegen ist die Wirbelbildung bei geringeren Durchflussmengen unzureichend, bei höheren Durchflussmengen ergibt sich überschüssiger Widerstand.The existing known types of catalysts have their disadvantages, namely: high aerodynamic resistance at higher loads, especially in the case of two- or multi-stage purification. The flow cross-section of the channels remains unchanged during operation, so the formation of vortices is insufficient at lower flow rates, and at higher flow rates there is excess resistance.
Daher wird ein Teil der Leistungsabgabe des Verbrennungsmotors zur Überwindung des aerodynamischen Widerstandes der Katalysatorkonstruktion nutzlos ausgegeben, was eine wesentliche Reduktion der Motorleistung und -wirtschaftlichkeit mitbringt.Therefore, part of the power output of the internal combustion engine is wasted to overcome the aerodynamic drag of the catalyst structure, bringing about a substantial reduction in engine performance and economy.
Bei Temperaturen unter optimalem Betriebstemperatur finden Verlangsamung und Verluste am Wirkungsgrad der katalytischen Reaktion statt.At temperatures below the optimum operating temperature, slowing down and losses in the efficiency of the catalytic reaction take place.
Wenn die Reaktionstemperatur höher als der optimale Wärmezustand ist, kann der Katalysator sowie dessen Keramikträger beschädigt werden (z. B. Sinterung).If the reaction temperature is higher than the optimal heat condition, the catalyst as well as its ceramic carrier may be damaged (e.g. sintering).
Der in verschiedenen Betriebsarten funktionierende Motor erzeugt Verbrennungsgase, welche unterschiedliche Temperaturen und chemische Zusammensetzungen haben.The engine, operating in different modes, produces combustion gases that have different temperatures and chemical compositions.
Die Temperatur der Abgase ändert sich ebenfalls beim Durchlaufen durch das Auspuffsystem.The temperature of the exhaust gases also changes as they pass through the exhaust system.
Im Moment gibt es keinen einheitlichen Katalysator, welcher die Reinigung der Diesel-Abgase von sämtlichen Schadstoffen ausführen würde, was eine Notwendigkeit bedingt, mehrstufige Reinigungsverfahren einzusetzen (z. B.: Bluetec für Mercedes-Benz, 3- bis 4-stufig).At the moment there is no unified catalytic converter that would clean diesel exhaust gases from all pollutants, which necessitates the use of multi-stage cleaning processes (e.g. Bluetec for Mercedes-Benz, 3- to 4-stage).
Die z. Z. bestehenden Entwicklungsarbeiten (Abgasrückführung, alternative Kraftstoffarten usw.) können nur teilweise Lösungen für diese Problematik bieten, weil der Kraftstoff trotzdem fehlerhaft brennt und die Umwelt vershmutzt wird (CO, CnHm, NOX), d. h. der Einsatz eines Katalysators ist notwendig, welcher seinerseits Verluste an Leistung und Wirtschaftlichkeit durch hydraulische Widerstände mitbringt.the z. Currently existing development work (exhaust gas recirculation, alternative types of fuel, etc.) can only offer partial solutions to this problem, because the fuel still burns incorrectly and the environment is polluted (CO, CnHm, NOX), i. H. the use of a catalytic converter is necessary, which in turn entails losses in performance and economy due to hydraulic resistance.
Bekanntes Patent (
Weitere dem technischen Gebiet zugehörige Gegenstände werden durch die Druckschriften
Bei einer bekannten Erfindung (
Aufgabe:Task:
Die vorliegende Erfindung basiert auf der Aufgabe, eine neue Technologie für die katalytische Abgasanlage und für die Verbrennungskammer zu entwickeln, welche die o. e. Probleme zu lösen verhilft.The present invention is based on the task of developing a new technology for the catalytic exhaust system and for the combustion chamber which has the above-mentioned. helps to solve problems.
Der Vorteil dieser Erfindung besteht darin, dass die Abgasanlage ohne eine separate Katalysator-Einheit und einen separaten Schaldämpfer funktionieren kann; dabei wird die Qualität der katalytischen Reinigung aufrechterhalten und noch gebessert.The advantage of this invention is that the exhaust system can function without a separate catalytic converter unit and a separate muffler; the quality of the catalytic purification is maintained and even improved.
Die Erfindung minimiert die Leisutungsabsenkung des Motors in den Betriebsarten, welche erhöhte und maximale Leistung verlangen (Aufwärtsfahren, Überholung usw.), und trägt somit zur Sicherheit, Wirtschaftlichkeit sowie zum Umweltschutz bei.The invention minimizes the power reduction of the engine in the operating modes that require increased and maximum power (climbing, overhauling, etc.), and thus contributes to safety, economy and environmental protection.
Ferner gewährleistet diese Erfindung eine qualitative Kraftstoffverbrennung bei Ausschließung der Extremtemperatur-Einheiten, was zur Reduzierung aller Schadstoffemissionen führt.Furthermore, this invention ensures qualitative fuel combustion while excluding the extreme temperature units, resulting in the reduction of all pollutant emissions.
BeschreibungDescription
Die zuvor genannte Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch den Gegenstand des Anspruchs 1 und die Patentansprüche 2 bis 11 gelöst.The aforementioned object is achieved according to the invention by the subject matter of claim 1 and patent claims 2 to 11.
Teile des Motors und der Abgasanlage (inkl. Abgasturbolader), welche mit Abgasen in Berührung kommen, sind mit katalytisch aktiven Stoffen beschichtet (oder setzten sich aus diesen zusammen). Dies ermöglicht es, auf eine separate Katalysator-Einheit zu verzichten, die die Absenkung der Motorleistung verursacht, und die katalytische Reinigung ohne Leistungsverluste durch hydraulische Widerstände des Katalysators durchzuführen.Parts of the engine and the exhaust system (including the exhaust gas turbocharger) that come into contact with exhaust gases are coated with (or are composed of) catalytically active substances. This makes it possible to dispense with a separate catalytic converter unit, which causes the engine output to drop, and to carry out catalytic cleaning without performance losses due to hydraulic resistance of the catalytic converter.
Dabei wird die Wahrscheinlichkeit mechanischer und chemischer Beschädigungen des Katalysators reduziert.This reduces the likelihood of mechanical and chemical damage to the catalytic converter.
An den katalytischen Komponenten des Motors erfolgen Vermischung und wechselseitige Reaktion von Kraftstoff und Oxydator (z. B.: Dieselkraftstoff und Luft). Wände, Kolben und andere Teile des Motors sind mit Katalysator beschichtet oder setzen sich aus diesem zusammen.Mixing and mutual reaction of fuel and oxidizer (e.g. diesel fuel and air) take place on the catalytic components of the engine. The walls, pistons and other parts of the engine are coated with or composed of a catalyst.
Dies erlaubt es, den Verbrennungsvorgang zu verbessern, ihn vollständiger und wirtschaftlicher zu machen sowie Schadstoffemissionen (CO, CnHm, NOx, Ruß) zu reduzieren. Der Einsatz der Beschichtungen aus Katalysatoren (z. B. Oxydierungs- und anderen Katalysatoren) lässt die Bildung von Verbrennungsrückständen und sonstigen Ablagerungen auf der Oberfläche des Abgassystems sowie Abgasturboladers vermeiden. Dies erlaubt es, die Lebensdauer des Katalysators und Turboladers zu steigern sowie zum besseren Umweltschutz beizutragen.This allows to improve the combustion process, making it more complete and economical, as well as reducing pollutant emissions (CO, CnHm, NOx, soot). The use of coatings from catalytic converters (e.g. oxidation and other catalytic converters) prevents the formation of combustion residues and other deposits on the surface of the exhaust system and exhaust gas turbocharger. This makes it possible to increase the service life of the catalytic converter and turbocharger and contribute to better environmental protection.
Zur Kraftstoffersparung und Emissionsverringerung sowie zum Unterhalten der Betriebstemperatur des Katalysators wird elektrische Energie vom Generator, welcher durch den Turbolader angetrieben wird, verwendet.Electrical energy from the generator, which is driven by the turbocharger, is used to save fuel and reduce emissions as well as to maintain the operating temperature of the catalytic converter.
Der katalytische Abgasturbolader arbeitet im Temperaturbereich, der optimal für die katalytische Reaktion ist (z. B. wird elektrisch aufgewärmt).The catalytic exhaust gas turbocharger works in the temperature range that is optimal for the catalytic reaction (e.g. is heated electrically).
Die Verwendung unterschiedlich gerichteter Katalysatoren der Abgasanlage entlang erlaubt es, alle Schadstoffe aus den Auspuffgasen zu entfernen.The use of differently oriented catalysts along the exhaust system allows all pollutants to be removed from the exhaust gases.
Z. B.: Zuerst wird der Kraftstoff am Oxydationskatalysator oxydiert und anschließend, nach Zugabe eines Reduktionsmittels [NH3, CO(NH2)2 usw.], werden Stickstoffoxyde (NOx) in dem Reduktionskatalyseabschnitt entfernt.E.g.: First the fuel is oxidized on the oxidation catalyst and then, after adding a reducing agent [NH3, CO(NH2)2 etc.], nitrogen oxides (NOx) are removed in the reduction catalysis section.
Das Anschließen des Turboladers beispielsweise an einem Generator bzw. an einem anderen einstellbaren Widerstand lässt eine optimale Geschwindigkeit und einen optimalen Widerstand von Abgasströmen erreichen. Der Widerstand eines Generators bzw. sonstiger veränderlicher Widerstände wird zwecks der Erreichung eines optimalen Widerstandes im Auspuffsystem auf den Motorbetriebszustand angepasst.Connecting the turbocharger, for example, to a generator or other adjustable resistor allows for optimum speed and resistance of exhaust gas flows to be achieved. The resistance of a generator or other variable resistance is adjusted to the engine operating condition in order to achieve an optimal resistance in the exhaust system.
Dies erlaubt es, die durch den Turbolader erzeugte Energie in entsprechenden Prozessen für die Verbesserung der Motorkennwerte einzusetzen.This allows the energy generated by the turbocharger to be used in appropriate processes to improve engine parameters.
Bekannt ist ein Verfahren zur Kühlung von Turbinenschaufeln (beweglichen oder feststehenden) mit Luft, welche durch die eingearbeiteten internen Kanäle zugeführt wird und aus den spezifischen Fenster-Öffnungen hinaustritt (
In dieser Erfindung wird durch die o. e. Kühlfenster, welche sich an den beweglichen bzw. feststehenden Schaufeln befinden, ein chemisches Medium/eine Mischung zur Reduktion der Schadstoffemission sowie zur gleichzeitigen Kühlung der Schaufeln zugeführt.In this invention, a chemical medium/a mixture for reducing the emission of pollutants and for the simultaneous cooling of the blades is supplied through the above-mentioned cooling windows, which are located on the moving or fixed blades.
Zum Beispiel: Ein Reagens zur Emissionsherabsetzung (z. B.: Harnlösung) wird durch die Fenster an den Schaufeln in der katalytischen Turbine und/oder vor dem Katalysator zugeführt, was eine optimale Vermischung bei einem minimalen Widerstand erreichen lässt. Dies erlaubt es, die Schadstoffemissionen zu verringern.For example: An emission reduction reagent (e.g.: urinary solution) is fed through the windows on the blades in the catalytic turbine and/or in front of the catalyst, allowing optimal mixing to be achieved with minimal resistance. This makes it possible to reduce pollutant emissions.
Die Verwendung dieser Erfindung erlaubt es, die Beschleunigungskennwerte des Motors bei dessen steigender Belastung (Anfahren, Überholen usw.) zu verbessern. Dies trägt somit zur Reduktion der Störungshäufigkeit, Herabsetzung des Kraftstoffverbrauchs und dementsprechend zur Verringerung der Schadstoffemission bei.The use of this invention makes it possible to improve the acceleration characteristics of the engine when its load increases (starting, overtaking, etc.). This thus contributes to reducing the frequency of malfunctions, lowering fuel consumption and correspondingly to reducing pollutant emissions.
Claims (11)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102008035271.3A DE102008035271B4 (en) | 2008-07-29 | 2008-07-29 | Method and device for processing exhaust gases (diesel engine) |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102008035271.3A DE102008035271B4 (en) | 2008-07-29 | 2008-07-29 | Method and device for processing exhaust gases (diesel engine) |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| DE102008035271B4 true DE102008035271B4 (en) | 2023-06-29 |
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| DE102008035271.3A Active DE102008035271B4 (en) | 2008-07-29 | 2008-07-29 | Method and device for processing exhaust gases (diesel engine) |
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| US3855986A (en) | 1972-03-15 | 1974-12-24 | J Wiss | Reflectively coated combustion chamber for internal combustion engines and method of using same |
| DE3929297C2 (en) | 1989-07-28 | 1996-03-14 | Degussa | Catalyst for the purification of exhaust gases from superstoichiometrically operated internal combustion engines and gas turbines |
| JPH11223122A (en) | 1998-02-04 | 1999-08-17 | Tokyo Gas Co Ltd | Internal combustion engine |
| DE10048237A1 (en) | 2000-09-29 | 2002-04-11 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Exhaust gas turbocharger, supercharged internal combustion engine and method therefor |
| DE10335265A1 (en) | 2003-08-01 | 2005-02-17 | Man Nutzfahrzeuge Ag | Motor vehicle with special arrangement of a fuel tank, pre-silencer and reducing agent tanks |
| RU2294438C2 (en) | 2004-01-14 | 2007-02-27 | Снекма Моторс | High-pressure turbine blade with cooling air outlet ports, blade forming element, turbine and guide-vane assembly of turbomachine |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR400289A (en) | 1909-03-04 | 1909-07-22 | Eugene Engel | Pots and other utensils in aluminum, aluminum alloy or other metal for cooking and heating with a base with a multiplied heating surface |
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Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3855986A (en) | 1972-03-15 | 1974-12-24 | J Wiss | Reflectively coated combustion chamber for internal combustion engines and method of using same |
| DE3929297C2 (en) | 1989-07-28 | 1996-03-14 | Degussa | Catalyst for the purification of exhaust gases from superstoichiometrically operated internal combustion engines and gas turbines |
| JPH11223122A (en) | 1998-02-04 | 1999-08-17 | Tokyo Gas Co Ltd | Internal combustion engine |
| DE10048237A1 (en) | 2000-09-29 | 2002-04-11 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Exhaust gas turbocharger, supercharged internal combustion engine and method therefor |
| DE10335265A1 (en) | 2003-08-01 | 2005-02-17 | Man Nutzfahrzeuge Ag | Motor vehicle with special arrangement of a fuel tank, pre-silencer and reducing agent tanks |
| RU2294438C2 (en) | 2004-01-14 | 2007-02-27 | Снекма Моторс | High-pressure turbine blade with cooling air outlet ports, blade forming element, turbine and guide-vane assembly of turbomachine |
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| DE102008035271A1 (en) | 2012-12-06 |
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