DE202008008846U1 - Pneumatic distribution machine for granulated material - Google Patents

Abstract

Pneumatic working distribution machine for granular material, Seed and / or fertilizer o. The like., With at least one main distributor (10) with a distributor housing (12) and one from below in the distributor housing (12) opening supply line (16) and radially arranged outputs (18) for Distribution lines, wherein at least some of the outputs (18) each at its mouths (22) controllable butterfly valves (24) for closing or opening the respective Associated with outputs (18), characterized in that at least one of the controllable shut-off flaps (24) is an air-guiding element assigned to the air flow control.

Description

The The present invention relates to a pneumatic distribution machine for granular material, seed and / or fertilizer with the features of the preamble of claim 1.

It have been known for some time distributing machines in which Seed lines can be shut off, for example. For the production Tramlines in which no sowing is to take place. In such tramline circuits Individual rows are turned off to form Leitspuren. In addition, such shut-off devices can also as Half page shutdowns may be formed. They serve with seed drills in addition, the seed allocation to one half of the working width to interrupt the drill. A shutdown can be in different situations Use, for example, to half a drill width to get in or out of a rhythm of a tramline system Switching off a page in the case of bulky field edges Overlaps to avoid.

In pneumatic seed drills, systems are primarily known in which two distribution towers, one for each half of the machine, are constructed and these can be switched off by different solutions, whereby one half of the seed drill can then be switched off. Halbseitenabschaltungen for seed drills with a distributor tower, however, are usually designed consuming. A known device for Halbseitenabschaltung goes from the EP 0 868 841 A show, where by manual insertion of a lid from above with appropriate guide or cover plates a shutdown of individual seed lines to be realized.

The older Systems can only be manually and at standstill of the machine to be served. In addition, there are flaps that before or already in Outlets are attached, and flaps that are vertical or horizontal be controlled. Furthermore, there are different slider solutions known, in turn, vertically or horizontally in front of or in the outlet can be inserted. All these solutions However, only come to shutdown individual outlets - for example for the realization of a tramline system - for use.

In contrast, the describes DE 38 05 148 C1 a main distributor with pivoting flaps for closing individual distribution lines, in which several flaps can be pivoted in parallel via a common mechanical coupling. In this way, the shutdown of individual outlets in a distributor for the realization of tram tracks is possible.

The The aim of the present invention is to provide an improved pneumatic distributor for granular material with a variably controllable main distributor to provide, with a simple way a Fahrgassenbildung, eg. by means of a half-side shutdown is enabled. One related object of the invention is as even as possible a division of the distribution material between the plurality of from the main distributor opening outlets - if necessary with it connected seed lines o. The like. - Ensure.

These Objects of the invention are with the subject matter of the independent Achieved. Features of advantageous developments of the invention result from the dependent claims.

The The present invention provides an improved pneumatically operated Distributor for granular material, seed and / or fertilizer or the like granular material, the one main distributor with a distributor housing and an opening from below into the housing supply line and radially on an outer side of the housing arranged outputs for distribution lines having. At least some of the outputs are on their mouths controllable butterfly valves for closing or opening the respective outputs assigned. According to the invention, at least one of the controllable Butterfly valves an air guide for air flow control assigned. This air guide is used in particular to the To direct air flow within the main distributor so that not an open line next to one by means of a butterfly valve closed air duct is arranged, due to turbulence or air congestion with an undesirably high airflow is charged. The air guide can in particular by a deflector o. The like. Formed close to the adjacent Butterfly valve is disposed in its open position.

The at least one air guide element or the deflector is arranged between two adjacent shut-off flaps, the air guide element or the deflector being arranged between differently activatable shut-off flaps. Since, in a preferred embodiment of the distribution machine according to the invention, the spoiler or the deflector is arranged at half-off main distributor with half closed outputs between an outlet with open shut-off valve and an outlet with closed shut-off valve, thereby the air flow through the line outlets can be evenly distributed. In addition, it may be advantageous if, in the case of a main distributor which can be switched off halfway, with half-closable butterfly valves, two air guide elements or deflectors arranged opposite one another are provided. Of course, other arrangements are also possible and useful, which in each case have in common that with adjacent line outlets, one of which is open and the other is closed, is ensured by suitable spoiler elements that the air flowing through the open air line exits evenly distributed becomes.

Important in this context, that the air guide element or the air guide elements, the deflectors o. The like. Structurally designed so that they the flow conditions in the distributor do not disturb. For this reason, you should set the normal opening position for installed butterfly valves do not bother what expediently through a relatively thin design of the spoiler elements take place can. In this way it can be ensured that the Distribution accuracy is not adversely affected.

If in a half-side disconnected main distributor of a pneumatic Distributor one side is closed, so arises at the open flaps often the problem that one-sided the last opening only limited on one side by a flap is and not both sides, while the other flaps each on both sides of other open flaps border. This can result in the distribution of seeds within of the main distributor in the opened valves not regularly he follows. This can cause the effect of being one-sided limited opening significantly higher seed quantities allocated as the other open openings. If now a fixed deflector or another suitable Air guide at least to the respective outermost Flaps of the two half sides is attached, so no seed can flow into the last open flap more, causing the seed distribution or the distribution of grains to be distributed (eg fertilizer, etc.) are largely uniform remains. In the fully open state lie Close the deflectors on the associated flaps and form thus no noticeable transition, whereby the Distribution in all open flaps by the at the deflector fitting flap is not adversely affected.

According to one another embodiment of the present invention Each butterfly valve is a mechanical stop for definition and to limit an open position of the butterfly valve assigned. This mechanical stop can in particular by a bolt, by a pin or by a paragraph o. The like. be formed in the distributor housing, which designed so is that the respective butterfly valve in its open Position is applied to the mechanical stop. So can the mechanical Stops or bolts between bottom and cover of the distributor housing placed and screwed there in particular or by the entire distributor housing be guided through where they are firmly anchored, for example, by simply screwing or riveting can be.

Of the special advantage of mechanical stops for the open position of the respective flap consists in their clear fixation and in the improvement of the flow conditions in the area of the outlet mouths to the individual seed lines. As the butterfly valves no longer tend to flutter, the air flow calmed and opposite with the transported distribution significantly improved the previously used butterfly valves. While in the known from the prior art systems a clear Stop missing, resulting in an undefined behavior of the flaps up towards a tendency to resonant vibrations and a concomitant significant disturbance of the flow conditions leads, prevail in the invention Main distributor with open butterfly valves clearly defined flow conditions without such Vibration and flutter effects. According to a preferred Embodiment of the invention Distributor forms the air guide or the deflector the mechanical stop at least for those in open Location attached to shut-off valve.

According to one preferred variant of the invention are the butterfly valves than in order formed substantially vertical pivot axes pivoting flaps. The surfaces of the butterfly valves are in their each open position approximately parallel to the longitudinal direction of the outputs for the Aligned distribution lines. In this parallel to the air flow aligned position are the open butterfly valves completely calm in the air flow and will not through this excited to vibrate, causing the flow conditions compared to the known shut-off clearly in their Improve quality.

The Surface of the at least one air guide element or deflector is preferably approximately parallel to the longitudinal direction the outputs for the distribution lines aligned, so the deflectors block the air currents in the outputs can not affect. In addition, it is preferable provided that the at least one air guide element or the at least a deflector is formed by an air deflector whose surface approximately parallel to the open position on it adjacent butterfly valve is aligned.

It has proven to be particularly advantageous when the butterfly valves are biased in their open positions in each case against the mechanical stop. This can be done, for example, in that the actuators for pivoting the flaps in the fully open position of the flaps remain biased, for example. By applying an electric servomotor with a reduced drive current, which only serves to prevent lifting of the flaps of the mechanical stop, for example. By a strong air flow.

Optional The butterfly valves can each be controlled jointly and be swiveling. The butterfly valves may vary depending on However, also individually and / or in groups of several Butterfly valves can be controlled and pivoted. The butterfly valves can in particular be actuated by an electric motor be. In addition, the butterfly valves or groups the jointly operable butterfly valves each have a common Actuator and a mechanical coupling for parallel pivoting exhibit. A much more complex variant of the control can provide that the butterfly valves each with its own actuators, For example, in the form of small servomotors, are equipped. In the Usually, however, it is sufficient if a plurality of the flaps each have a Lever mechanism are coupled and common by means of a common servo drive be opened and closed. At a half-side shutdown Accordingly, two such servo motors can be present be, with each one half of the butterfly valves be controlled and pivoted. Depending on the mechanical configuration but it can also be enough, the half-side shutdown to operate with only a single servomotor, so that no two separate servomotors are required.

Of the distributor according to the invention for seed, fertilizer and other granular Verteilgut has a very high operational safety and has the additional advantage that he during the drive is switchable without the flow of the Distributed good thereby impaired in any way would. The pivoting of the butterfly valves is easily remote controlled, preferably electrically actuated and can be pivoted by an electric motor. In this way, a shutdown of any page (left or right). Nevertheless, a high distribution accuracy maintained at the shutdown of a device half. The particularly compact design allows the largely easy placement of the system in existing equipment, which usually do not need to receive a new design.

Further Features, objects and advantages of the present invention will be apparent The following detailed description of a preferred embodiment of the invention, as a non-limiting example and refers to the attached drawing.

1 shows a schematic perspective view of a main distributor of a pneumatically-operating distributor, which has a plurality of each radially arranged on a housing outer surface outlet openings with these respective associated butterfly valves.

2 shows a plan view of the main distributor according to 1 ,

3 shows a further perspective view of the main distributor according to 1 whose half of the butterfly valves are closed to realize a half-side shutdown and the other half of the butterfly valves are open.

4 shows a side view of the main distributor according to 1 ,

5 shows a schematic perspective view of another embodiment of a main manifold, which is provided with deflectors for improving an air flow through the outlet openings.

6 shows a further perspective view of the main distributor according to 5 whose half of the butterfly valves are closed to realize a half-side shutdown and the other half of the butterfly valves are open.

7 shows a plan view of the main distributor according to 5 with half-closed butterfly valves.

The following 1 to 7 show in different views two embodiments of a main distributor according to the invention for a pneumatically operated distributor for granular material, seed and / or fertilizer o. The like. Granular material. Identical parts in the various figures are designated in each case with the same reference numerals, so that can be dispensed with a multiple explanation.

The schematic representation of 1 shows a perspective view of the main distributor 10 , which is a distributor housing 12 with one from below into the ground 14 of the housing 12 opening supply line 16 for pneumatic conveyed goods and a large number of radially arranged outlets 18 with connection piece 20 for distribution lines (not shown). The upper cover of the distributor housing 12 is hidden to the inside of the case 12 arranged items to better illustrate. In the embodiment shown, each of the outputs 18 each at its mouth 22 a controllable butterfly valve 24 for closing or opening the respective outlet 18 assigned.

According to the present invention, each butterfly valve 24 a mechanical stop 26 for defining and limiting an open position of the butterfly valve 24 assigned. The mechanical stops are in the illustrated embodiment in each case by cylindrical bolts 28 formed between the ground 14 of the distributor housing 12 and the lid (not shown) anchored, in particular screwed. Optionally, as mechanical stops 26 however, shorter pins may be used as long as they serve the desired purpose. Bolts 28 the mechanical stops 26 are each designed so that the respective butterfly valve 24 in its open position clearly and preferably with a line touch on the mechanical stop 26 is applied. The cylindrical bolts 28 each have a relatively small diameter, so that their extent the air flow within the distributor housing 12 only minimally influenced and overall not disturbing.

The butterfly valves 24 are each designed as pivotable about essentially vertical pivot axes flaps. Here are the surfaces of the butterfly valves 24 in their respective, by the location of the bolt 28 defined open position approximately parallel to the longitudinal direction of the outputs 18 aligned for the distribution lines, which in particular on the basis of 2 is clarified.

The mechanical stops 26 for the opened position of the respective butterfly valve 24 provide for their unique fixation and thus for an improvement of the flow conditions in the area of the outlet mouths 22 to the individual seed lines. Because the butterfly valves 24 no longer tend to flutter, the air flow is calmed with the transported distribution material and compared to the previously used butterfly valves 24 significantly improved. In the aligned parallel to the air flow position are the open butterfly valves 24 (see. 1 . 2 ) completely calm in the air flow and are not excited by this to vibrations.

The butterfly valves 24 can in their open positions respectively against the mechanical stop 26 be biased. This can, for example, be done by the actuator 30 for pivoting the flaps 24 even in fully open position of the flaps 24 remains biased, for example. By applying an electric servomotor with a reduced drive current, which only serves to lift the flaps 24 from the mechanical stop 26 to prevent, for example, by a strong flow of air.

As based on the 3 and 4 is clarified, are parts of the butterfly valves 24 each jointly controllable and swiveling. The butterfly valves 24 are in the illustrated embodiment in two groups, each half of the total number of butterfly valves 24 controllable and pivotable. For this purpose, the two groups of the butterfly valves 24 a common electric motor actuator 30 on. To the pivoting movements of the two groups of jointly operable butterfly valves 24 to couple, are each annular coupling elements 32 below the outputs 18 arranged over small levers 34 with the single butterfly valve 24 are connected and coupled so that their parallel pivoting can take place.

In the mentioned half-side shutdown is only such a servo motor as an actuator 30 provided, with each half of the butterfly valves 24 can be controlled and pivoted separately from each other, as in 3 is indicated by way of example. While half of the flaps 24 (below and left) at the mouths 22 is present and thus closes, is the other half of the flaps 24 (top and right) open and is located at their respective mechanical stops 26 on, leaving the flaps 24 each substantially parallel to the longitudinal directions of the corresponding connecting piece 20 are aligned.

It goes without saying for the person skilled in the art that other adjusting drives can also be used, for example pneumatic or hydraulic rotary and / or linear drives. Also, the number of actuators vary depending on the available space and possibly also on the applied operating forces. If in the embodiment shown, only a single actuator 30 is present, this represents only an exemplary configuration of the distribution machine according to the invention.

The in the 1 to 4 main distributor shown in its structural details 10 For seed, fertilizer and other granular distribution material has a very high reliability and also has the advantage that it is switchable while driving, without closed on one side flaps 24 the conveying flow of the material to be conveyed in the direction of the respective open outputs 18 would be affected in any way. The pivoting of the butterfly valves 24 is easily remote controlled, supported by the electrical controllability and the electromotive pivoting.

However, it should be mentioned at this point that the mechanical stops for the hinged flaps 24 configured not only in the illustrated manner, but also can be designed differently. Optionally, the attacks can be completely eliminated, what the distribution accuracy in no one has to negatively influence, as in the distributor 10 prevailing flow conditions for aerodynamic stabilization of the flaps 24 in their open position.

The schematic representations of 5 to 7 show a further embodiment of the main distributor 10 , with additional air guide elements in the form of deflector plates 36 is provided. The remaining construction of the main distributor 10 corresponds largely to the previously on the basis of 1 to 4 described first embodiment, so that can be dispensed with a re-explanation of the existing there also individual items. On the graphic representation of the mechanical stops was also omitted for the sake of clarity.

The at a half-side shutdown (see. 6 ) each arranged on the edge butterfly valves 24 are fixed deflector plates 36 assigned to improve the uniform air distribution in all open outputs 18 to care. In 7 are the flow components 38 hinted at the missing deflector plates 36 and with half-closed butterfly valves 24 to a non-uniform air distribution at this peripherally arranged outputs 18 would lead. If at the half-side disconnected main distributor 10 according to 6 and 7 one side is closed, so can with the flaps open 24 The problem arises that one-sided the last opening only on one side by a flap 24 is limited and not bilateral, while the remaining flaps 24 each on both sides to more open flaps 24 limits. This can result in the distribution of seeds within the main distributor 10 in the open outputs 18 not done regularly. As a result, the effect may arise that the only one-sided limited opening 18 gets much higher seed quantities allocated than the other open openings, as indicated by the two arrows 38 in 7 is indicated.

By attaching the fixed deflector plates 36 at the outermost flaps 24 The two half sides attached can prevent too much seed in the edge open outlet 18 flows, making the overall seed distribution is much more uniform than missing sheets 36 , In the fully opened condition of the flaps 24 These lie on the deflector plates 36 and thus form no noticeable transition, whereby the distribution in all open outputs 18 through the at the deflector plate 36 fitting flap 24 is not negatively affected. The deflector plates 36 are structurally designed so that they the flow conditions in the distributor 10 do not bother. Therefore, they interfere with applied butterfly valves 24 their normal opening position is not, which ensures that the distribution accuracy is not adversely affected.

The The invention is not limited to the above embodiments limited. Rather, a variety of variants and Modifications conceivable that of the invention Use your thoughts and therefore also in the protection area fall.

10

main distribution

12

distributor housing

14

ground

16

supply

18

output

20

spigot

22

muzzle

24

butterfly valve

26

mechanical attack

28

bolt

30

actuators

32

coupling element

34

lever

36

deflector

38

flow components

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• - EP 0868841 A [0003]
• - DE 3805148 C1 [0005]

Claims (20)

Pneumatically operating distributor for granular material, seed and / or fertilizer o. The like., With at least one main distributor ( 10 ) with a distributor housing ( 12 ) and one from below into the distributor housing ( 12 ) incoming supply line ( 16 ) as well as radially arranged outputs ( 18 ) for distribution lines, whereby at least some of the outputs ( 18 ) at each of their mouths ( 22 ) controllable butterfly valves ( 24 ) for closing or opening the respective outputs ( 18 ), characterized in that at least one of the controllable butterfly valves ( 24 ) is associated with an air guide for air flow control. Distributor according to claim 1, characterized in that the spoiler element by a deflector ( 36 ) formed close to the adjacent butterfly valve ( 24 ) is arranged in its open position. Distributor according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the air guide element or the deflector ( 36 ) between two adjacent butterfly valves ( 24 ) is arranged. Distributor according to claim 3, characterized in that the spoiler element or the deflector ( 36 ) between differently controllable butterfly valves ( 24 ) is arranged. Distributor according to claim 4, characterized in that the spoiler element or the deflector ( 36 ) with a main distributor ( 10 ) with half closed outputs ( 18 ) between an output ( 18 ) with open butterfly valve ( 24 ) and an output ( 18 ) with closed butterfly valve ( 24 Is arranged. Distributor according to Claim 5, characterized in that in the case of a main distributor which can be switched off on one side ( 10 ) with half-closable butterfly valves ( 24 ) two oppositely disposed air guide elements or deflectors ( 36 ) are provided. Distributor according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that each butterfly valve ( 24 ) a mechanical stop ( 26 ) for defining and limiting an open position of the butterfly valve ( 24 ) assigned. Distributor according to claim 7, characterized in that each mechanical stop ( 26 ) in the main distributor ( 10 ) by a bolt ( 28 ), by a pin or paragraph o. The like. In the distributor housing ( 12 ) is formed. Distributor according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the butterfly valve ( 24 ) in its open position on the mechanical stop ( 26 ) is present. Distributor according to one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the air guide element or the deflector ( 36 ) the mechanical stop ( 26 ) at least for the valve in the open position adjacent thereto ( 24 ). Distributor according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the butterfly valves ( 24 ) are designed as pivotable about substantially vertical pivot axes flaps. Distributor according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the surfaces of the butterfly valves ( 24 ) in their respective open position approximately parallel to the longitudinal direction of the exits ( 18 ) are aligned for the distribution lines. Distributor according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the surface of the at least one air guide element or deflector ( 36 ) approximately parallel to the longitudinal direction of the exits ( 18 ) is aligned for the distribution lines. Distributor according to claim 13, characterized in that the at least one air guide element or the at least one deflector ( 36 ) is formed by an air guide plate or Abweiserblech whose surface is approximately parallel to the valve in the open position adjacent thereto ( 24 ) is aligned. Distributor according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the butterfly valves ( 24 ) in their open positions in each case against the mechanical stop ( 26 ) are biased. Distributor according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the butterfly valves ( 24 ) are each jointly controllable and pivotable. Distributor according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the butterfly valves ( 24 ) individually and / or in groups of a plurality of butterfly valves ( 24 ) are controllable and pivotable. Distributor according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the butterfly valves ( 24 ) are actuated by an electric motor. Distributor according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the butterfly valves ( 24 ) are hydraulically and / or pneumatically actuated. Distributor according to claim 18 or 19, characterized in that the butterfly valves ( 24 ) or the groups of jointly actuable butterfly valves ( 24 ) a common actuator ( 30 ) and a mechanical coupling ( 32 . 34 ) for parallel pivoting.