DE202008000528U1 - Solar array - Google Patents

Abstract

Solar array for placement on a flat roof with a roof pitch up to 30 °, comprising a stand construction and a plurality of solar modules (7) enclosed in solar module frames (10a), wherein the solar module frames (10a) are arranged on the stator construction are, characterized in that the solar module frame (10 a) to at least a portion of the solar module frame (10a) has a recess (10b) as a drain for liquid having.

Description

The The following invention relates to a self-cleaning solar module assembly with stand construction.

STATE OF THE ART

Out The prior art discloses many systems which serve to electrical energy or warm air energy from solar radiation to win. This solar modules with a possible huge surface arranged on a support such that the sunlight as optimally as possible on the modules is. Known solar module systems are either flat on Building roofs or on house walls installed, but it is also possible to use solar panels Elevation elements on flat roofs with an inclination of about 15 ° to arrange. This results in particular in solar modules of a solar generator, which are arranged parallel to the roof of the inclined roof, for the Solar modules weather-related disadvantages for the life and performance, For example, by the pollution by rainwater that is on the solar module surface collects on the solar module frame, evaporates and dust deposits leaves. Over time, the surface of the solar module becomes so dirty that the efficiency of energy production is lowered. Further the efficiency-reducing parameters are the resulting in the summer trapped heat among the solar modules, which also reduces the energy yield of the solar modules decreases. In winter, snowfall causes that through the snow cover on the solar modules power generation is impossible.

It Therefore, the requirement arises, an optimal arrangement of the modules with regard to the position of the sun and self-cleaning the solar module surface to be ready.

EPIPHANY

outgoing from this prior art, the present invention is the The object of the invention is to provide an improved solar module arrangement. This object is achieved by a solar module arrangement having the features of the independent Claim 1 solved. Training of the arrangement are claimed in the subclaims.

A first embodiment The invention relates to a solar module arrangement which is suitable with a stand construction Solar modules, which are bordered by solar module frame, on one to arrange flat or flat sloping roof. The solar module frame have at least one section on a recess, the suitable for completely draining rain and / or condensation water allow.

This is achieved by the stand construction advantageously comprises at least one Aufständerungselement, which is suitable for setting up the solar module frame such that the at least a portion of the solar module frame with the Recess is located at a lowest point of the solar module frame. Due to the fact that the section of the solar module frame with the recess arranged at a lowest point, the rain and / or Condensation completely expire.

A another embodiment refers to the fact that the stand construction, two uprising elements includes, which also position the solar module frame, that the section of the solar module frame with the recess located at the lowest point of the solar module frame.

Further an embodiment relates that a plurality of solar module frames, which are elevated according to the invention, that they have a lowest point, at the same time so arranged is that a closed space arises under the solar panels, its temperature over an exhaust air / supply air duct with the aid of a heat-insulated closure sheet, in which a PU foam round roller is arranged, is adjustable. These Solar module arrangement allows advantageous for optimal operation of the solar modules, by rain / condensation drain without evaporating Can and continue to be beneficial to the solar panels in summer as well operated in winter in an optimized determinable temperature range can be.

These and further advantages will become apparent from the following description and the accompanying figures.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

Of the Reference to the figures in the description is for the support of Description. objects or parts of objects, which are essentially the same or similar are, can be provided with the same reference numerals. The figures are merely a schematic representation of an embodiment of the invention.

1a shows a perspective view of solar modules, which are raised with sloping wedges,

1b shows a sectional and partial perspective view of the solar module assembly 1a .

2a shows a perspective view of an embodiment of the solar module assembly,

2 B shows a sectional view of an anchoring hollow profile,

2c shows a sectional view of an anchoring hollow profile unit of upper and lower anchoring hollow profile,

2d shows a sectional view of a V-shaped folded anchoring hollow profile for water removal,

2e shows a sectional view of an embodiment of the solar module assembly with V-shaped and roof-shaped folded anchoring hollow sections, wherein the solar modules are mounted in a zig-zag arrangement,

3a shows a plan view of a further solar module arrangement,

3b shows the detail of a solar module surface created from wafers, in addition to the solar surfaces in 3a .

3c shows in detail the rain gutter according to the invention 3a ,

4a shows a perspective view of a solar module arrangement according to the invention with slope brackets as Aufständerungselemente,

4b shows a perspective side view of the Gradällebügels 4a ,

4c shows a perspective side view of a solar module arrangement according to the invention with Gradällebügel, wherein a multi-functional profile of the wind deflector is used.

5a shows a perspective view of a solar module assembly according to the invention, which is tightly sealed and has a regulated air supply and -abfuhr.

5b shows a side sectional view of in 5a illustrated arrangement.

6a shows a perspective view of an embodiment of the invention, wherein the closure plate is shown with an internal PU foam roller.

6b shows a perspective view of a detail 6a , wherein the closure plate is shown with internal PU foam rollers.

6c and 6d are side sectional views of the arrangement of the closure plate with an internal PU foam roller.

DESCRIPTION

The solar module assembly according to the invention is basically suitable to be arranged with the stator structure described below solar modules on a roof, respectively a building roof, with an inclination of up to 15 °. These roofs require special fixing measures in relation on solar module arrangements, since they are usually not gegziegelt, but have a foil or roofing felt water-sealed roof skin. To ensure watertightness, this roofing should as far as possible not be damaged if such a system is arranged on the roof. Since in the solar module assembly according to the invention, or their substructure, no roof bolting takes place, the tightness of the roof is advantageously maintained.

With "solar module" are below meant all elements that are capable of absorbing solar energy and convert it into electrical energy, often as photovoltaic elements designated.

The frame construction or this parallel to the flat roof arranged stand profiles, the concave / convex longitudinally folded Anchoring profiles can be, is suitable or suitable to be arranged on a roof, which already carries a film layer such as a bituminous roofing membrane. Of course, if necessary, such a film layer also on the roof be applied, if it is intended, the stand construction to install on the roof. The anchoring of the stud structure or the stud profiles on the roof, by welding a second film layer, which can be advantageous also a bituminous roofing membrane, where anchoring elements for the frame construction between the first and the second film layer stationary on the Roof positioned and welded.

The Solar module arrangement according to the invention includes a roof structure arranged on the roof and a Variety of solar modules, each of a solar module frame are enclosed, with the solar module frame on the stand construction are arranged. The solar module frame at least indicate a section on a recess which is suitable rain and Condensation completely to expire. This is achieved by the stand construction at least one uplift element has, with which the solar module frame are placed in such a way can that section of the solar module frame with the recess is arranged at a lowest point. In addition, anchoring profiles that can be used as supporting elements of the elevation be placed on the roof, convex or concave along the edge so that according to their arrangement to each other a skillful possibility for water drainage is created. Especially in winter when the operating direction the solar modules used about to melt off snow is, melt water can over the concave folded profiles are removed. These are as System interconnected in such a way that a drainage of water into a gutter or a gully on the roof. Such a Gully can also in its drain hole and in the water supply-Gefällerinne with a commercial electrically operated heat hose be equipped so that a freezing of the inflow reliably prevented becomes. This embodiment is particularly advantageous by the melting snow on the solar system avoided an increase in roof loading It can be done by using an inverter fine electrically conductive wires in to use the solar modules or wafers as heating wires and to feed in "reverse current" to initiate a melting process.

3b shows a solar module frame 10a a recess in a corner 10b through which water from the solar panel 7 can drain away. This is indicated by arrows 25 , which represent the water flow direction, clarifies. 3c shows the recess 10b in the solar module frame 10a increased. The recess 10b of the solar module frame 10a has a width of about 10 mm. Of course, the width may also have other dimensions, as long as it is suitable to remove dirty water. It can be from about 3 mm to 10 mm.

In 3a a solar module assembly is shown, in each case two nested anchoring hollow sections 2 , which are transverse to the direction of the roof slope 23 are laid in the solar module frame 10a enclosed solar modules 7 wear. For aligning the solar modules 7 , which advantageously takes place in an optimal south direction (arrow 24 in the detail view 3b ) are on the anchoring hollow profiles 2 Raising elements arranged (in 3a not shown). Therefore, the solar module frame 10a both in the direction of the roof slope 23 as well as in optimal south direction 24 inclined by means of the uprising element, creating a corner of the solar module 7 becomes the lowest point, at the correspondingly advantageous the recess 10b is arranged to provide optimal water drainage.

In 1a an arrangement of the solar modules is shown with two Aufständerungselementen for a solar module. One incline wedge each 4a is on an anchoring hollow profile 2 , which consists of two nested hollow profiles 2a . 2 B composed, arranged. The anchoring hollow profiles 2 and thus also the sloping wedges 4a are parallel at a distance that is one width of a solar module frame 10a corresponds, arranged, so that in each case two adjacent slope wedges 4a a solar module 7 wear. 1a shows one for protection from weather conditions, especially to protect against wind or storm gusts, at the rear of the solar modules and the slope wedge 4a arranged multifunction profile 6 , which simultaneously acts as a ridge profile element and wind deflector plate. In 1b is the attachment of the slope wedge 4a by means of screws 5 clarified in the anchoring hollow profile.

The slope wedge 4a provides a slope of 15% for the solar module. Of course, the person skilled in the art knows that the inclination can also be chosen differently, an inclination in the range of 4 to 15%, especially of 10% is advantageous.

The anchoring hollow profiles 2 can also be installed perpendicular to the roof slope, as the water flow direction in 2a clarified. The anchoring hollow profiles 2 each consist of an upper anchoring hollow profile 2a and a lower anchoring hollow profile 2 B both under a welding track 3 are laid ( 2 B ). For the solar module arrangement off 2a will now be on every second anchoring hollow profile 2 between the upper anchoring hollow profile 2a and the lower anchoring hollow profile 2 B a cross slope distance profile 9 incorporated, see 2c , The same is present by means of a screw 5 and a corresponding fastening profile secured.

alternative this can be arranged next to each other Anchoring hollow profile to be folded with a larger height dimension as the intermediate one.

As a result, a zigzag arrangement of the solar modules can be obtained, such as 2e makes clear, which together with the roof pitch is alternately the lowest point bottom left or bottom right of the solar module frame, where consequently also the recess 10b located.

The cross section of the anchoring hollow profile 2 B is in 2 B clearly shows the corners formed in the radius 21 that are skewed pages 22 and the flanges 20 ,

An alternative for an anchoring profile 2 shows 2d : Here is a concave, respectively V-shaped edging 27 into the anchoring profile 2 under a welding track 3 lies, introduced. From the solar modules 7 effluent water is therefore advantageously taken up and removed in the weld-sealed V- or U-shaped recess of the anchoring profile.

Also in 2e It is shown that the lower anchoring hollow profile 2 two a solar module 7 supporting anchoring hollow profiles 2 may have a depression which is approximately V- or U-shaped and which provides an excellent water gutter. In contrast, the higher anchoring profile 2 with a convex bulge, or with a roof-shaped recess 28 , which bulges outwards, equipped so that here water and snow are optimally dissipated. According to the arrangement, the condensation water draining off in winter can be drained off over these depressions as far as the gutter or into a gully on the roof in the same way as rainwater in summer.

This is particularly advantageous for resting snow load when the Solar generator is powered by alternating current and its direction of use can be inverted, so the solar panels can be heated, so that oppressive Snow load dissipated and the resulting condensation water is drained off. To renew To prevent freezing, the gutter or the drain on the Roof with a commercially available warm hose be equipped.

The solar modules 7 are in 6a in a longitudinal direction with fastening profiles 10c sealing at the anchoring hollow profiles 2 fixed, and in a transverse direction perpendicular to the anchoring hollow profiles 2 form the fastening profiles 10c a sealing closure between two adjacent solar modules 7 , For a border conclusion provides a closing element 15 , which in the present case is a metal / PU core / metal sandwich element. This is a PU foam round rollers 12 heat-insulating closure sheet 11 arranged.

This closed-sealing arrangement advantageously serves to control the temperature of the solar modules 7 to allow closed space. This is done via a arranged on the ridge exhaust air supply air duct 16 that has multiple air flow controllers 16 ' depending on the weather conditions, warm air in the winter under the solar modules 7 by means of a fan 19 feeds - which can be melted advantageous on the roof, for example, snow or ice - or dissipates the stagnant hot air under the solar panels in summer. The term "fan" includes all devices for air flow supply / discharge, such as axial fans, centrifugal fans, pipe fans so like all conceivable blowers.

The Temperature control of the closed-sealing arrangement can at a internal drainage in another embodiment also over to the higher lying attic arranged arranged exhaust air supply air duct.

In 5a are the solar modules 7 with sloping wedges 4a elevated, of which in the present arrangement on each one anchoring hollow profile two slope wedges 4a - Are arranged spaced one behind the other, so as to obtain two rows of solar modules on the roof surface. Around a closed space under the solar modules 7 to get on the solar modules 7 opposite side of the slope wedges 4a one inclination wedge back panel each 4b arranged and the distance to the next row of solar modules, or the next sloping wedges 4a , by means of a horizontal cover 14 completed. The completion of the solar module assembly forms a closure element 15 , that of the roof ridge, and thus the exhaust air supply air duct 16 is arranged away from the wall, wherein the closing element 15 Here is a metal / PU core / metal sandwich element. Other closure elements with dam function are conceivable. To the final element 15 Close several shutter plates 11 on the inside by PU foam round rollers 12 are heat-insulating.

Basically also a variety of slope wedges be arranged one behind the other, so as several rows of solar modules on the roof surface to have.

In 5b is a cross-sectional view of a solar module assembly shown with three rows of solar panels behind each other, the airtight completion of the arrangement with the solar modules 7 , the slope wedge back panels 4b as well as the horizontal covers 14 is achieved advantageous.

In 6a a solar module arrangement is shown in which the solar modules 7 with fastening profiles 10c are arranged sealingly, wherein the solar modules 7 are elevated so that a water flow direction as shown by arrow 25 towards the lower right corner indicates where the recess 10b , respectively the cut-out for the water outlet is located. Again, a closing element closes 15 the solar module assembly, and a plurality of closure plates 11 care about the internal PU foam round rollers 12 for additional control of air supply / discharge by removing the closure plate 11 is displaceable, like the arrows 26 suggest.

In 6b are the PU foam round rollers 12 in the closure plate 11 shown enlarged so that through the PU foam round roller 12 through leading cavity 12a is recognizable. 6c shows in a cross section, as the closure plate 11 with the inside PU foam round roller 12 on the anchoring hollow profile 2 comes to the arrangement. In 6c is the cavity 12a the PU foam round roller 12 open.

By the shutter plate 11 in the direction of the anchoring hollow profile 2 in the lock plate sliding slot 13 is pushed, as by the arrow 26 in 6d is shown, the PU foam round roller 12 compressed, leaving her cavity 12a is reduced in cross-section, whereby the air supply / -abfuhr is throttled. At the same time, the PU foam round roller expands 12 in their longitudinal direction, when the shutter plate 11 in the direction of the anchoring profile 2 is pushed so that two adjacent PU foam round rollers 12 , which have a distance from each other in the relaxed state, sealingly connect with each other (not shown figuratively), whereby a better thermal insulation is achieved.

4a . 4b and 4c represent an uprising form of the solar modules 7 with incline bars 4a corresponding to the sloping wedges on the anchoring hollow sections 2 are arranged. In this case, in contrast to the previously described embodiments, the solar modules are transversely elevated, that is, the shorter side of the solar modules 7 lies on the incline bars 4a on, the distance between the anchoring hollow sections 2 corresponds to the length of the solar modules 7 , In 4c is to the back cover of the one on a welding track 3 arranged slope wedge 4a elevated solar module 7 a multifunctional profile sheet 6 drawn, which meets the tasks of a Firstprofilelements for fastening the solar module and de tasks of Windableitblechs together. The dimensions for a multifunctional profile sheet may be about 80 cm × 160 cm × 5 cm. This measure is merely exemplary and in no way limiting.

The Solar module in the solar module assembly can be any solar module However, preferred are a monocrystalline solar module or a thin-film solar module.

For example, the solar modules may have a width in the range of 60.0 cm to 100.0 cm for the solar module arrangement according to the invention. Preferred are widths of 80.0 cm. Suitable lengths are in the range of 120.0 cm to 180.0 cm, preferably a length of 160.0 cm. The thickness can range from 0.5 cm (for thin-film modules) to 6.0 cm, and a thickness of 4.5 cm to 5.0 cm has proven particularly suitable. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS 1 roof 2 Anchoring hollow profile 2a Upper anchoring hollow profile 2 B lower anchoring hollow profile 3 sheeting 4a Slope wedge, incline hanger 4b Slope wedge back panel 5 screw 6 Multifunction Profilblech 7 solar module 8th balance sheet 9 Cross slope distance profile 10a Solar module frame 10b recess 10c Solar module fixing profile 11 Heat insulating closure sheet 12 PU foam-round role 12a cavity 13 Sealing sheet displacement slot 14 horizontal cover 15 Closing element (sandwich) 16 Extract air / supply air duct 16 ' Air volume controllers 19 fan 20 flange 21 rounded corner 22 bevelled side 23 roof slope 24 South direction 25 Water flow direction 26 displacement direction 27 V-shaped edging 28 Roof-shaped bulge

Claims (25)

Solar module arrangement for mounting on a flat roof with a roof inclination of up to 30 °, comprising a stator construction and a plurality of solar module frames (in 10a ) enclosed solar modules ( 7 ), wherein the solar module frame ( 10a ) are arranged on the stator construction, characterized gekennzeich net that the solar module frame ( 10a ) on at least a portion of the solar module frame ( 10a ) a recess ( 10b ) as a drain for liquid. Solar module arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the stator construction has at least one Aufständerungselement, the inclination of the solar module frame arranged thereon ( 10a ), wherein the at least one section of the solar module frame ( 10a ) with the recess ( 10b ) at a lowest point of the solar module frame ( 10a ) lies. Solar module arrangement according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the stator construction comprises two Aufständerungselemente, each having an inclination of the solar module frame arranged thereon ( 10a ) in directions perpendicular to each other and wherein the at least a portion of the solar module frame ( 10a ) with the recess ( 10b ) at the lowest point of the solar module frame ( 10a ) is arranged. Solar module arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the recess ( 10b ) has a width of 3 mm to 30 mm, preferably of 3 mm to 10 mm, most preferably of up to 5 mm. Solar module arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the section of the solar module frame ( 10a ), on which the recess ( 10b ), a corner of the solar module frame ( 10a ). Solar module arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the stator construction on a plurality of anchoring hollow profiles ( 2 ), wherein the anchoring hollow profiles ( 2 ) are arranged waterproof on a flat roof under a bituminous film, a bituminous roofing felt, a plastic film, in particular a self-crosslinking, self-adhesive or chemically crosslinking plastic film. Solar module arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on at least every second anchoring hollow profile ( 2 ) a plurality of anchoring hollow profiles ( 2 ), which are arranged parallel to each other at a distance from one another, the width of a solar module frame ( 10a ), a Aufständerungselement is attached. Solar module arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the anchoring hollow profile ( 2 ) an upper anchoring hollow profile ( 2a ) and a lower anchoring hollow profile ( 2 B ) having. Solar module arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the anchoring hollow profile ( 2 ) has a concave depression, preferably a recess with V-shaped or U-shaped profile along at least a portion of its length. Solar module arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the anchoring hollow profile ( 2 ) has a convex bulge, preferably a roof-shaped bulge, along at least part of its length. Solar module arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the uprising element is a slope wedge ( 4a ) or an incline bar. Solar module arrangement according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the slope wedge ( 4a ) and / or the inclination bar with the anchoring hollow profile ( 2 ) is bolted, riveted or otherwise attached thereto. Solar module arrangement according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the slope wedge ( 4a ) and or the incline bar provides an inclination of the solar module of 2 to 20%, preferably 4 to 15% Solar module arrangement according to one of claims 8 to 13, characterized in that the Aufständerungselement a cross-slope spacing profile ( 9 ), that the anchoring hollow profile ( 2 ) between the upper anchoring hollow profile ( 2a ) and the lower anchoring hollow profile ( 2 B ) is arranged. Solar module arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the elevated solar module frame ( 10a ) with - on the roof ridge arranged exhaust air / supply air duct ( 16 ), - a conclusion element ( 15 ), which is arranged on a side of the solar module arrangement opposite the roof ridge, 11 ) form a sealed airtight space. Solar module arrangement according to claim 15, characterized in that the airtight space - a slope wedge back cover ( 4b ), which at one on the slope wedge / hanger ( 4a ) arranged solar module frame ( 10a ) facing away from the slope wedge / bar ( 4a ), and / or - a horizontal cover ( 14 ), which determines the distance between two on an anchoring hollow profile ( 2 ) arranged spaced wedges / ironing covers, and / or - a closing element ( 15 ), which is arranged on a side opposite the roof ridge side of the solar module assembly comprises. Solar module arrangement according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that the closing element ( 15 ) on the closure plate ( 11 ) is arranged, wherein at least one insulating material is surrounded by the closure plate. Solar module arrangement according to claim 17, characterized in that the insulating material is a PU foam round roller ( 12 ). Solar module arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that the elevated solar module frame ( 10a ) with - a solar module mounting profile ( 10c ), which the solar module frame ( 10a ) on a first side on an anchoring hollow profile ( 2 ) fixed to an adjacent solar module frame, - a solar module mounting profile ( 10c ), which the solar module frame ( 10a ) are attached to a second side perpendicular to the first side with an adjacent solar module frame, are fixed on the flat roof. Solar module arrangement according to one of claims 15 to 19, characterized in that in the exhaust air / supply air duct ( 16 ) Air volume flow controller ( 16 ' ) for the controlled supply / discharge of air into the enclosed space under the elevated solar modules ( 7 ) are arranged. Solar module arrangement according to one of claims 15 to 20, characterized in that the closure plate ( 11 ) in a lock-slide shift slot ( 13 ) between the anchoring hollow sections ( 2 ) and the final element ( 15 ) is arranged, is displaceable. Solar module arrangement according to one of claims 18 to 21, characterized in that the PU foam round roller ( 12 ) a cavity ( 12a ) having. Solar module arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the solar module ( 7 ) is a monocrystalline solar module or a thin-film solar module. Solar module arrangement according to one of the preceding Claims, wherein the solar module a Width in the range of 60.0 cm up 100.0 cm, preferably 80.0 cm, one Length in the range of 120.0 cm to 180.0 cm, preferably 160.0 cm, a Thickness in the range from 3.0 cm to 6.0 cm, preferably from 4.5 cm to 5.0 cm, having. Solar module arrangement according to one of the preceding Claims, wherein the solar module assembly is inversely operable.