DE202007006206U1 - Engine e.g. internal combustion engine, valve controlling device for motor vehicle, has bearing with receiving unit acting together with impulse unit, where impulse unit is attached with receiving unit to detect angle of shaft - Google Patents

Abstract

The device has a roller bearing (4) attached at one end of a camshaft (2), where the roller bearing has a receiving unit (52) that acts together with an impulse generating unit (51). The impulse generating unit is attached with the receiving unit against a gap to detect an angle position of the cam shaft. The impulse generating unit is attached to an inner ring (35) of the roller bearing. The impulse generating unit is arranged on the camshaft.

Description

The The invention relates to the field of valve control devices of Internal combustion engines for motor vehicles.

Especially The invention relates to an engine valve control device with a Camshaft and a rolling bearing, which is adapted to detect the angular position of the shaft, to be able to precisely control different devices of the engine.

in the Generally belong for an internal combustion engine at least one cylinder and a cylinder head, having a heat side that seals the cylinder and a Limited combustion chamber. For example, the engine can take three, have four, six or eight cylinders in series, V-shaped or are arranged as a boxer engine.

Piston, which are arranged in each of the cylinders can be longitudinally move and are each about a connecting rod is connected to a crankshaft. The on connecting rods and crankshaft-based arrangement allows the conversion of the and moving the pistons in a rotary motion.

Around the entry or exit of gas into the interior or from the interior to allow the combustion chambers contains the engine also valves, their opening and closing directly or indirectly via ram through the rotation of the camshaft be controlled. The camshaft is over a Timing belt, a chain or even a cascade of gears through the crankshaft is driven.

Around To store the camshaft in the engine block are at the free Ends of the shaft two rolling bearings arranged.

in the General contains an engine as well Device for detecting the position of the camshaft to different Means of the engine, such as the ignition or the injection precise to control.

A Such sensor means may be connected to one at a free end Adjusting bushing attached to the shaft / sleeve / sleeve, on the openwork radial ribs are arranged which form pulser elements, and be provided with a pickup element connected to the pulser elements interacts with the number of revolutions performed by the camshaft capture.

Regarding more details about the basic structure of such a sensor device, for example to FR-A-2 622 925 and FR-A-2 622 926.

These solution brings with it a serious disadvantage, insofar as these Device attached to a free end of the shaft, giving the axial space requirement significantly increased and the mounting additional Elements on the camshaft required.

On another technical field describes the US 2003/0173844 one for a crankshaft of an internal combustion engine specific bearings an inner ring, an outer ring, an arranged between the rings wreath of rolling elements and an electric signal transmitter, in the radial direction between the rings and arranged in the axial direction next to the ring of rolling elements is.

To include the electrical signal transmitter Anchor attached to the inner ring and formed as a ring is that a regular alternation of magnetic poles, as well as a stator mounted on the outer ring arranged and opposite the armature is mounted opposite in the radial direction. The stator contains an electric coil, so that during rotation of the inner ring an electric current is generated.

Based the value of the electric current thus obtained is it possible to detect the number of revolutions of the crankshaft.

These Arrangement has the disadvantage that outer and inner rings must be constructed, the specially adapted to the dimensions of the electrical signal generator are. In practice, this requires the construction of rings, the one relatively large axial Have dimension.

Furthermore does not allow such an electrical signal generator, the Angle position of the crankshaft to determine exactly where he attached is. In practice, this is only for counting the Number of performed Revolutions.

Under the given circumstances It is readily apparent that the use of such roller bearing on a camshaft is not for accurate and sensitive control in dependence controlled by the angular position of the shaft devices of the engine suitable.

The The present invention therefore aims to overcome these disadvantages.

According to a first aspect, the invention relates to Therefore, a valve control device of an internal combustion engine, which includes a camshaft and at least one rolling bearing, which is attached to one of the ends of the camshaft. The rolling bearing is provided with at least one pickup element which cooperates with a pulse generating element which is mounted with a gap opposite the pickup element to detect the angular position of the camshaft.

A Such device has the advantage that it with a single unit the mechanical function of the camshaft bearing bearing and a function of detecting the current angular position of Camshaft fulfilled. On that way yourself as well a precise control of the ignition or also the injection.

thanks a reduced number of parts allows the use of a equipped with a measuring device rolling bearing on the camshaft about that addition, to simplify the assembly of the engine considerably. Further stands in this way a device available that has a low axial Has space requirements.

In a preferred embodiment the pulse generator element on an inner ring of the rolling bearing appropriate. In a modification also comes into consideration, the pulse generator element to arrange the camshaft.

The Pulse generator element can oppose axially projecting an end face of the inner ring.

Preferably is the pickup element on an outer ring of the bearing at the height a groove formed in the cylindrical interior of the outer ring appropriate.

The Pulse generator element can with respect to an end face of the outer ring to project axially.

at an embodiment are the pickup element and / or the pulse generator element of an optical design. In a modification is also considered to provide a magnetic pulse generator element and / or pickup element.

According to one embodiment contains the Device further at least one with two semi-cylindrical rings trained intermediate storage.

According to one second aspect, the invention further relates to an internal combustion engine for motor vehicles, listen to this: at least one cylinder, a cylinder head with a heat side, which seals the cylinder and confines a combustion chamber, at least two openings, the seats for Gas inlet and gas outlet valves form, and a valve control device, as defined above.

The Invention finally relates a method for detecting the angular position of a valve control device an internal combustion engine, wherein to the device a camshaft and at least one attached to one of the ends of the camshaft roller bearing belong, in which by cooperation of a pickup element and a pulse generator element, which is at least partially mounted inside the rolling bearing, the Angular position of the camshaft is detected.

The The present invention will be understood after reading the detailed description of an embodiment, that by no means as limiting and illustrated by the attached drawing is schematically a sectional view of the structure of a camshaft according to the invention represents.

The figure shows a device 10 for controlling the movement of valves 20 an internal combustion engine, in particular of motor vehicles.

To the device 10 include a one longitudinal axis 2a having camshaft 2 , which, as is well known, outside a series of cams 3 carries, and two rolling bearings 4 and 5 on the shaft 2 beside their ends on seats provided for this purpose 6 and 7 are attached.

The rolling bearings 4 and 5 take the lead in the rotation of the camshaft 2 for sure. As described in more detail below, allows the rolling bearing 4 Furthermore, the detection of the angular position of the camshaft 2 ,

To a possible bending of the camshaft 2 the device 10 To prevent this, this also contains a plain bearing 8th in the axial direction between the rolling bearings 4 and 5 and between two adjacent cams 3 is arranged. Of course, under certain circumstances, along the camshaft 2 be provided more slide bearings.

The plain bearing 8th based on a bearing body 9 , which may for example be made of a light metal alloy, which is based for example on aluminum and / or magnesium. The main body 9 is in the form of identical upper and lower shells 9a and 9b executed.

The sections 9a and 9b are arranged in alignment in the axial direction relative to each other and are generated for example in the form of a rectangular parallelepiped. The upper section 9a has a concave semi-circular inner surface 12 whose center is essentially at the level of the axis 2a is arranged. The surface extends in the axial direction over the entire section 9a ,

Similarly, the lower section 9b a concave semi-circular inner surface 13 whose diameter is equal to that of the inner surface 12 is, and whose center is substantially equal to the axis 2 is arranged. In this way, the body limits 9 if the surfaces 12 and 13 in contact, a cylindrical interior.

Inside the cylindrical inner space formed in this way are an upper and a lower semi-cylindrical ring 16 . 17 attached, whose radial and axial dimensions are adapted to those of the cylindrical interior. The circumferentially arranged ends of the rings 16 and 17 are in contact so the rings have upper and lower seats for the camshaft 2 form.

Advantageously, the upper ring 16 made of a relatively strong material, such as steel, whereas the lower ring 17 may be made of a soft material, for example by spraying a thermoplastic material.

In practice, the forces to which the ring 16 generally exposed in operation, much larger than those previously through the ring 17 be recorded. In this way one obtains a sliding intermediate bearing 8th which has adequate operational safety.

During the rotation of the camshaft 2 the device 10 can be one of the cams 3 on the valve 20 of an engine. For clarity of the drawing, only a single valve has been shown. Of course, the engine contains several valves.

The valve 20 is thus moved linearly in the longitudinal direction radially to the camshaft and guided into the interior of the cylinder head of the (not shown) motor. The valve 20 may be an intake valve or an exhaust valve.

It has a valve plate 21 which is adapted to come into contact with an opening formed in a heat side of the cylinder head and forming a seat for the valve.

The valve 20 also has a valve stem at a lower end 22 on, on which the valve plate 21 is attached. The valve stem 22 further includes a ram plate attached to an upper end of the shaft 23 on that with the cam 3 the wave 2 comes into contact.

Conventionally, there is between the ram disk 23 and an upper end side of a support member 25 , which is attached to the cylinder head of the engine, a valve spring 24 attached to during the rotation of the cam 3 the return of the valve 20 to ensure its closed position.

To guide and support the camshaft 2 the device 10 during the rotation of the camshaft 2 to allow contains the rolling bearing 5 , in the present case arranged in the figure on the right, one on the camshaft 2 plugged inner ring 30 and one inside the seat 7 arranged outer ring 31 between which a wreath 32 is arranged by rolling elements, which are present here in the form of balls. The warehouse 5 is in the present case inside the seat 7 centered, which has a slightly larger axial dimension than the bearing.

The inner and outer ring 30 and 31 are each provided with a circular groove having a concave inner profile in cross section, which is adapted to a bearing surface for the rolling elements 32 to build.

The inner and outer ring 30 . 31 are massive. The term "solid type ring" refers to a ring whose shape is obtained from a pipe, a rod, a forged and / or rolled blank by machining (turning, grinding). The rolling bearing 5 is a rolling bearing with deep grooves and lateral radial surfaces, which can be produced inexpensively.

The rolling bearing 4 is also of the type with deep grooves and lateral radial surfaces and beside one end face 2 B the radial end of the camshaft 2 appropriate. It contains one on the camshaft 2 plugged inner ring 35 and one in the seat 6 attached outer ring 36 between which a wreath 37 arranged by rolling elements, which are present here in the form of balls, a cage 38 to keep the rolling elements circumferentially spaced, and a metal sealing device 39 ,

The massive inner ring 35 has a cylindrically shaped interior 40 on that with the outer surface of the camshaft 2 in contact and by two opposite lateral radial surfaces 41 and 42 and a cylindrical outer peripheral surface 43 is limited. Starting from the cylindrical outer peripheral surface 43 is a circular groove 44 incorporated, which has a concave inner profile in cross section, which is adapted to a bearing surface for the rolling elements 37 to form, with the groove facing outward.

The likewise massive outer ring 36 has a cylindrical outer peripheral surface 45 passing through end faces 46 and 47 is limited, and a cylindrical interior 48 from, starting from a circular groove 49 is formed, which has a concave inner profile in cross section, which is adapted to a bearing surface for the rolling elements 37 to build. The circular groove 49 is oriented inwards. The front side 41 the inner ring terminates flush with a surface of the end of the seat 6 which has an axial dimension slightly smaller than that of the bearing 4 ,

The cylindrical interior 48 has in this case two annular grooves, with respect to a through the center of the rolling elements 37 extending plane to each other are symmetrical. Inside one of the two grooves is the sealing device 39 attached, which is close to the cylindrical outer surface 43 of the inner ring 35 extends, forming a narrow gap. The sealing device 39 is in the radial direction between the inner and outer ring 35 . 36 arranged. In the axial direction, it is between the rolling elements 37 and the radial surfaces 42 and 47 The Rings 35 and 36 appropriate.

To the angular position of the camshaft 2 to capture, contains the rolling bearing 4 also a system 50 for detecting rotation parameters. This system 50 is in particular with a to the inner ring 35 attached pulse generator element 51 , and one rigid with the outer ring 36 connected transducer element 52 Mistake.

The pulse generator element 51 contains an annular pulser base body 53 or disc with a T-shaped cross-section för, and a on the body 53 installed active part 54 , Advantageously, the active part 54 on the main body 53 sprayed.

The pulser body 53 can be made of metal, for example of steel. It has an axial section 53a partially on the cylindrical outer peripheral surface 43 of the inner ring 35 is attached, and a radial section 53b up, extending from the axial section 53a extends inwards and with the radial surface 41 of the ring comes into contact. The axial section 53a extends to the vicinity of the cage 38 ,

In other words, the pulser body 53 is by attaching a portion of the axial section 53a on the cylindrical outer peripheral surface 43 on the inner ring 35 attached and by means of the radial section 53b positioned in relation to the ring. The axial section 53a of the pulse generator basic body 53 also allows the support of the active part 54 having an axial dimension substantially equal to that of that portion. A section of the active part 54 is therefore with respect to the radial side surface 41 of the inner ring 35 arranged axially outwardly protruding.

Although the pulse generator element 51 here on the inner ring 35 of the rolling bearing 4 is fixed, it is readily apparent that it is also possible, without departing from the scope of the invention, the pulse generator element 51 directly on the camshaft 2 so as to be in contact with the outer surface thereof, preferably adjacent to the radial side surface 41 to get the space needed by the rolling bearing 4 and the Sensorein direction 50 to keep the unit formed low.

The active part 54 is in the radial direction between the inner ring 35 and the outer ring 36 arranged. For example, it may be made of elastoferrite, ie, a mixture based on nitrile and magnetized ferrite particles.

The substantially annular active part 54 has one on the pulser base 53 attached inner surface and an outer surface provided with a regular alternation of magnetic poles of opposite polarities (not shown) "north" and "south", thus forming a periodic pattern in the form of a "north" pole and a "south""Bolts form, and with each pass of the circumference of the active part 54 be repeated in whole numbers.

The transducer element 52 contains a made of plastic, substantially annular signal sensor 55 that with an active part, which is the pickup 56 forms, and a cable outlet 57 for a cable 58 is provided. The cable outlet 57 forms a radial projection that extends outward and occupies a limited annular sector.

The signal receiver 55 is from the outer ring 36 medium of a disk made of metal 60 carried. This has an annular axial section 60a on, the outer circumference substantially with the outer surface 45 of the outer ring 36 flush and on the circumference of a against the Signalaufnehmer 55 coming into abutment annular protective disc 59 is bent over. The axial section 60a is provided with an opening to the cable exit 57 to let pass.

The plate-shaped disc 60 is also with a radial section 60b provided that the axial section 60a extends in the radial direction inwards and with the signal sensor 55 and the radial surface 46 of the outer ring 36 axially in contact stands. The disc 60 is also with an annular extension 60c provided extending from the small diameter free end of the radial section 60b out into the interior of the outer ring 36 formed groove projecting in the axial direction on the side that extends the sealing device 39 in relation to the rolling elements 37 opposite.

The tubular extension 60c can be generated by rolling or pressing. He lies against an axial claw 55a of the signal receiver 55 in attachment, in the radial direction between the inner ring 35 and the outer ring 36 is arranged and occupies a limited annular sector. The axial claw 55a is next to the cage 38 arranged and extends in the radial direction between the tubular extension 60c the plate-shaped disc 60 and the active part 54 the pulse generator element 51 , On the opposite side, the signal transducer 55 a radial projection 55b on, extending in the axial direction between the protective flange 59 and the active part 54 the pulse generator element 51 extends, being with the radial portion 59a the plate-shaped disc 60 comes into contact.

This radial projection 55b and the active part 54 limit a narrow gap, which allows the penetration of impurities in particular to the pickup 56 and into the interior of the rolling bearing 4 to restrict. That is, the pickup element 51 and the pulse generator element 52 form a seal.

A small radial gap separates the active part 54 from the pulse generator element 51 of the signal receiver 55 who is the picker 56 contains. The pickup 56 is half in the interior of the signal pickup 55 embedded and closes with a small diameter cylindrical surface of the axial claw 55a flush off in relation to the active part 54 the pulse generator element 51 to be mounted with a small radial gap.

The pickup 56 may be of the magnetism-responsive design, such as a Hall effect probe, that of the multi-pole outer surface of the active part 54 of the pulse generator basic body 53 is arranged opposite. Alternatively, of course, it may be considered to provide a pick-up and an optical-type pulser.

The pickup 56 and the active part 54 extend in the axial direction partly between the inner ring 35 and the outer ring 36 of the rolling bearing and face the front radial surfaces 41 and 46 the rings axially in front. The outside of the bearing 4 located corresponding free ends of the transducer 56 and the active part 54 are however next to the front radial surfaces 41 and 46 arranged to the compactness of the rolling bearing 4 and the facility 10 to promote.

To this end, allows the creation of a detection system 50 having an axial dimension less than that of the rolling elements 37 and less than half the thickness of the rolling bearing 4 is to increase the compactness of the warehouse in addition.

The end of the cable, not shown 58 can be connected to an electronic processing unit, which in particular allows, based on output signals of the pickup 56 the speed of the active part 54 the pulse generator 53 and derive its angular position. As a result, a particularly accurate determination of the angular position of the camshaft 2 achieved with regard to the control of devices of the engine, such as the ignition or the injection.

The rolling bearing 4 is near the front of the end 2 B the camshaft 2 arranged so that the radial end faces 41 and 46 of the inner ring 35 and the outer ring 36 are arranged substantially at a distance equal to half the thickness of the rolling bearing 4 is. With such a relative arrangement of the rolling bearing 4 and the front side 2 B the end is the detection system 50 in practice in the axial direction with respect to the front side 2 B reset.

That is, the detection system 50 is in the axial direction in the direction of the seat 6 opposite the front 2 B offset the end. As a result, no element and no section of the detection system protrudes 50 opposite the front 2 B of the end. The axial space requirement of the device 10 therefore corresponds to that of the camshaft 2 ,

In this regard, the rolling bearing 5 also advantageously next to an end of the camshaft in the axial direction on the end face 2 B arranged away from the side, so that the radial end faces of the inner ring 30 and the outer ring 31 are also arranged at a distance which is substantially equal to half the thickness of the bearing.

The camshaft 2 that with a rolling bearing 4 is provided with a pulse generator element 51 attached to the inner ring 35 is mounted, and with a pickup element 52 equipped, that on the outer ring 36 by means of at least one support plate 60 is mounted, which is arranged in the interior of one of the grooves formed on the outer ring and is usually adapted to a To receive sealing device, makes it possible from a conventional rolling bearing a sealed rolling bearing 4 to make, which is provided with an integrated sensor device.

According to the invention is accordingly a particularly compact valve control device for internal combustion engines created a camshaft and equipped with sensors bearing contains in a simple and efficient way from a standard rolling bearing can be produced.

Claims (11)

Device for controlling valves of an internal combustion engine, to the device a camshaft ( 2 ) and at least one at one of the ends of the camshaft ( 2 ) mounted rolling bearing ( 4 ), characterized in that the rolling bearing ( 4 ) at least one receiving element ( 52 ) containing a pulse generator element ( 51 ) cooperates with a gap with respect to the transducer element ( 52 ) is attached to the angular position of the camshaft ( 2 ) capture. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the pulse generator element ( 51 ) on an inner ring ( 35 ) of the rolling bearing ( 4 ) is attached. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the pulse generator element ( 51 ) on the camshaft ( 2 ) is arranged. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the pulse generator element ( 51 ) with respect to an end face ( 41 ) of the inner ring ( 35 ) protrudes axially. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transducer element ( 52 ) on an outer ring ( 36 ) of the rolling bearing ( 4 ) at the level of one on a cylindrical interior of the outer ring ( 36 ) formed groove ( 49 ) is attached. Device according to claim 5, characterized in that the transducer element ( 52 ) with respect to an end face ( 46 ) of the outer ring ( 36 ) protrudes axially. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the distance between radial end faces of an inner ring ( 35 ) and an outer ring ( 36 ) substantially equal to half the thickness of the rolling bearing ( 4 ). Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transducer element ( 52 ) and / or the pulse generator element ( 11 ) work on an optical basis. Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the transducer element ( 52 ) and / or the pulse generator element ( 11 ) work on a magnetic basis. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in addition at least one intermediate storage ( 8th ), with two semi-cylindrical rings ( 16 . 17 ) is provided. An automotive internal combustion engine comprising an engine valve control device according to one of the preceding claims.