DE202006015838U1 - LED lamp e.g. indicator lamp, for sector light, has deflecting area arranged at inner side of coupling area, where deflecting area has number of surfaces for deflection and distribution of lights, so that thickness of body is reduced - Google Patents

Abstract

The lamp has coupling optics/lenses formed for coupling lights produced by LEDs (12) into a light guidance body (14), where coupling area is provided with an annulus section. A deflecting area is arranged at an inner side of the coupling area. The deflecting area is provided with number of deflecting surfaces for the deflection and distribution of the lights on a light emitting surface, where the deflecting surfaces are arranged one above the other, so that the thickness of the body is gradually reduced from the coupling area. An independent claim is also included for a light guidance body for a LED lamp.

Description

The The invention relates to an LED light, in particular an LED beacon, for sectors or all-round lights as they are e.g. in shipping or in emergency vehicles e.g. used by the police and fire department. The invention relates Also, parts of such lights, in particular a light guide, as well a warning bar made using such an LED lamp.

LED lights The type in question includes a number of LEDs, one Number of coupling optics and at least one light guide with a coupling region assigned to at least one coupling-in optical system, a deflection region and a light exit surface, wherein the coupling optics for coupling the light generated by one or more LEDs formed in a light guide are, the coupling region in plan view substantially the shape a circular ring or a circular ring section possesses, at the Outside the Light-emitting surface and on the inside of the deflection adjoins, so that deflection and light exit surface essentially concentric with each other.

Such LED beacons are known, for example from the DE 103 36 471 A1 , In this case, the light of several LEDs is coupled by means of a respective coupling optics in a light guide, in which it is deflected at a deflection surface by about 90 °, whereupon it leaves the light guide via a light exit surface. The deflection surface is formed as a continuous, substantially at an angle of 45 ° to the coupling surfaces extending surface, so that the deflection surface only images the coupling optics.

Besides that is from the DE 103 17 999 A1 a LED Rundumkennleuchte known, in which no deflection of the light generated by the LEDs must be made, since the LEDs mounted on a rotating support and each equipped with a conventional, in plan view round, plano-convex or concave-convex lens reminiscent so-called intent optics are. This intent optics radiate the light of the respective LED in the intended mounting state of the omnidirectional light directly substantially horizontally.

From the DE 199 08 961 A1 a Lichtleitkörper is particularly known for motor vehicle lights, which has a coupling region, a deflection and a light exit surface, wherein the surface of the coupling region is significantly smaller than the light exit surface and wherein the deflection is provided with a plurality of vertically stacked deflection prisms such that in the Guide light is coupled via the coupling region coupled light onto the light exit surface.

While the Advantages of LED technology, such as extremely long life, lower Electricity consumption etc. are well known and there is the development bright LEDs has already made possible in many application areas, classic bulbs like incandescent lamps and replacing halogen lamps with LEDs is the replacement of such Illuminants in the sector and all-round lights already due the for such lights usually existing legal or quasi-legal Regulations a non-trivial problem, since the LEDs are completely different Emission characteristics as annealing or halogen lamps.

One Problem with known LED lights for sector or all-round lights is that the Luminous impression from different angles on the sectors or all-round light is not even. Much more The individual usually draw on a circle or arc arranged LEDs in the operation of the sector or omnidirectional light significantly.

From that Based on the object of the invention, an improved LED light for Indicate sector or all-round lights, in particular the Light impression when looking at the light exit surface during operation of the sector or omnidirectional light is very uniform.

The Task is solved of an LED lamp with the features of claim 1. Advantageous Embodiments and developments are the subject of the dependent claims. Of the adjacent claim 21 relates to a light guide for LED lights for sectors or all-round lights, the sibling claim 33 a warning bar with an LED lamp according to the invention.

By the formation of the deflection with a large number of deflection, the through spacer surfaces are separated stepwise arranged offset one above the other, that yourself the thickness of the light guide gradually tapered as seen from the coupling region on the one hand, the illuminated area of an LED expands and evenly on the Light-emitting surface distributed, on the other hand, the emerging at a single deflection Image of an LED so to speak "washed out", so that in operation the light exit surface advantageous largely uniformly illuminated appears.

It has proved to be advantageous if the gradation of the individual deflection surfaces, where each total reflection takes place, so that a tangent to the transitions between the individual deflection surfaces and the spacer surfaces at an angle of about 10 ° to 40 °, preferably about 20 ° to 30 °, and more preferably about 25 ° to the light exit surface.

Further It has proved to be advantageous if the spacing surfaces between the individual deflection surfaces of the light guide body a height from 0.2 to 2 mm, preferably from 0.2 to 0.5 mm, and more preferably from 0.3 to 0.4 mm.

There colored sector or all-round lights usually also colored should appear when the LEDs are not turned on, is usually one simultaneously serving as a moisture protection cover e.g. in Form of a cup-shaped colored provided transparent hood. When a blue light has such blue hood for the light generated by blue LEDs of a wavelength of about 470 nm a permeability of only about 80%. This means that 20% of the generated by the LEDs Lost light output unused. Under consideration the fact that LEDs Compared to classic bulbs such as incandescent and in particular halogen lamps anyway only a weakened Have luminosity, this loss of light is a significant drawback. In an advantageous embodiment of the invention is therefore intended that at least a part of the distance surfaces is deposited in such a color that these distance surfaces at View through exit surfaces appear colored. this makes possible it to use a clear cover, which significantly less light as a colored Cover, while still ensuring that the sector or all-round light when the LEDs are switched off Color impression possesses, then just not by the hood or the not-switched LEDs, but by the color-deposited clearances is caused.

to Generation of this color impression in case of non-operation of the LEDs, the mentioned distance surfaces be colored coated. Alternatively or additionally, it is also possible to have a provided colored insert, which is placed behind the spacer surfaces.

The homogenization of the light impression can be increased in an advantageous embodiment in that the coupling optics in the plan view each have an adapted to the shape, which has the Einkoppelbereich a Lichtleitkörpers in plan view, possessing at least approximately the shape of a circular ring section. This will be particularly in connection with the description of the 9 to 11 still received. For this purpose, the coupling optics can be formed in quasi-sorted plano-convex lenses of equal thickness and different radii of curvature such that four sections of two lenses are provided with large, adapted to the diagonals of the annulus radii of curvature in the corners of the annulus section, of which graduated to the centers of the Side of the circular ring section are located towards lens sections with decreasing radii of curvature.

at a preferred embodiment the coupling optics are formed directly on the light guide body (s) and thus form integral components of the or the light guide, wherein the light guide body and coupling optics preferably made of polycarbonate, PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate) or a comparable material.

Out manufacturing reasons has it for too Rotating lights proved to be advantageous if the light is not a circumferential, but comprises a plurality of individual light guide. For a beacon, e.g. be provided that the light four identical light guide bodies comprises their light exit surfaces each radiate into a sector of 90 °. For all-round lights with differently colored Sectors such as e.g. used as navigation lights in shipping be, the lamp may also include three light guide, wherein the light exit surfaces of two fiber-optic element each in a sector of 112.5 ° and the light exit surface of a fiber-optic element radiate into a sector of 135 °, where then the spacer surfaces one of the two in the 112.5 ° sector radiating light-conducting body green, the the other in one such sector radiating light guide red are deposited. this makes possible it, especially for the sport-sailing interesting position lanterns using of LED technology to meet the requirements of the German Federal Office of Shipping and Hydrography meet.

The luminous impression can be advantageously even further characterized in that the light exit surface of a light guide is provided with a wave structure of a plurality of parallel and perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the superimposed spacer surfaces and deflection surfaces of the light guide extending grooves. This is related to the description of the 4 and 5 described in detail.

A further homogenization can be advantageously achieved in that the staggered stacked deflection surfaces of each light guide are provided with a number of concavities, each concavity in operation emits the light of an LED in each case in a circular sector such that these circular sectors of adjacent concavities partially overlap. This is related to the description of the 7 will be explained in more detail.

Further details and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following purely By way of non-limiting example, an exemplary embodiment in conjunction with the drawing, in which

1 shows a plan view of a board with twelve LEDs,

2 a side view of the board according to 1 shows, to illustrate the basic arrangement of the cross section of a light guide body according to the invention is shown,

3 shows a light guide body in cross section,

4 a section one along the line IV-IV in 3 shown by the light-light body section,

5 a detail of the light exit surface according to 4 on an enlarged scale shows

6 shows a cross section through a light guide,

7 a section of a section along the line VII-VII in 6 by a light guide body, wherein the concavities on the deflection surfaces are greatly exaggerated for clarity,

8th shows a perspective view of the construction lines of a 90 ° -Lichtleitkörpers with three integrally formed coupling optics,

9 a bottom plan view of the three coupling optics according to 8th shows,

10 a perspective view of the light guide according to 8th from another perspective shows

11 the coupling region and in particular a coupling optics of the light guide according to 10 on an enlarged scale.

In the 1 is one in its entirety with 10 designated board shown in plan view, on which twelve LEDs 12 of which, for reasons of clarity, only a few were provided with reference numerals, evenly distributed at an angular distance of 30 ° are arranged. With such a board can be, for example, a rotating light, such as a police or fire department beacon, realize.

Here, control means not shown further on or below the board 10 be arranged, by means of which the LEDs 12 one after the other can be switched on and off in succession, so that the impression of a rotating light arises. Other controls of the LEDs, for example for the generation of flashes, are of course possible.

The 2 shows the board 10 in a schematic side view, for reasons of clarity here only two diametrically opposite LEDs 12 are shown.

To clarify the basic arrangement is in 2 Furthermore, the cross section of a light guide according to the invention 14 located, in this embodiment, a coupling region 16 with molded-in optics 18 as well as a deflection surface 20 and a light exit surface 22 having.

Since in this embodiment, as well as in the other embodiments shown here, the coupling optics 18 to the light guide body 14 is formed, the coupling optics forms the coupling region, so to speak 16 of the light-weighted body. However, separate coupling optics may also be used, as indicated by the dashed line 24 in 2 is indicated. Then, advantageously, a coupling-in optical system would be directly below the coupling-in region 16 be placed.

The coupling optics 18 encompasses an LED 12 Partially and in a sense captures the operation of this LED 12 outgoing light. By total reflection on the outer surfaces of the coupling optics 18 the light is collimated in the manner of a collimator and substantially parallel to the light exit surface 22 on the deflection 20 blasted.

The deflection area 20 consists of a plurality of staggered staggered superposed deflection surfaces, but this in the only to illustrate the basic arrangement of the light guide 14 relative to a board 10 serving 2 not shown. This is shown in the 3 ,

As in 3 good to see, there is the deflection of the light guide 14 actually from a variety of deflection surfaces 26 passing through clearance surfaces 28 spaced apart and so to the coupling region 16 are inclined that they by total reflection the light generated during operation of an LED to the light exit surface 22 redirect. For clarity, were in 3 only a few deflection and some spacer surfaces provided with reference numerals.

As in 3 Furthermore, clearly recognizable, the thickness of the light guide body tapers 14 from the coupling area 16 from gradually upward.

The distance surfaces 28 , which are practically not involved in the deflection of the light generated by an LED in operation, can be advantageous for generating the desired in many applications colored impression, the one with the light guide 14 equipped luminaire even when the LEDs are not intended to cause an observer to be used. Looks a viewer through the light exit surface 22 eg along the line IV-IV on the spacer surfaces 28 , so it creates a correspondingly colored impression when the distance surfaces 28 either colored or coated in color. This can be dispensed with a colored hood or lens, which always absorbs significantly more light output, as a clear hood or attachment disc.

The 4 shows a portion of one along the line IV-IV in FIG 3 cut light guide 14 ,

As already in 4 indicated and in 5 passing through the circle V in 4 marked detail on an enlarged scale shows, shown in detail, is the light exit surface 22 of the light guide body 14 provided with a corrugated structure of a plurality of parallel to each other and at right angles to the longitudinal direction of the superimposed spacer surfaces and deflection surfaces of the light guide extending grooves. These grooves advantageously cause an additional equalization of the light impression that a viewer receives during operation of the lamp, since that from the light guide 14 over the light exit surface 22 leaking light is scattered.

A further homogenization of the light impression can be achieved in that the deflection surfaces are provided with a kind of wave structure, in the form of concavities. The 6 shows a cross section through a light guide body thus formed 14 with a number of deflection surfaces 26 and a number of the deflection surfaces 26 spaced clearance surfaces 28 of which, for reasons of clarity, only a few have been provided with reference numerals.

7 shows a section along the line VII-VII in 6 through this light guide body 14 , wherein said indentations on the deflection surfaces 26 are greatly exaggerated. As in 7 shown describes the envelope of a distance surface 26 an inner circle 30 who in 7 is shown in dashed lines and in a practical embodiment, such as a blue light for emergency vehicles, has a radius between about 2 and 5 cm. The so-called "deflection" 32 , ie the maximum distance that the deflection surface 26 from her inner circle 30 has, then actually only about 0.1 to 0.6 mm. In 7 these concavities are therefore greatly exaggerated for clarity.

In the 8th is a preferred embodiment of a light guide according to the invention 14 shown in perspective with all major construction lines. Clearly visible are three coupling optics 18 , which in this embodiment behind an outer cover section 34 are arranged, the light-emitting surface 22 to a board, not shown here, on which the LEDs, also not shown, are arranged, continues and on which locking elements 36 are formed, by means of which the light guide 14 can be locked on a circuit board.

The deflection is through an inner cover section 38 ( 9 ) extended down so that the Einkoppeloptiken 18 practically between cover sections 34 and 38 are included. As in 9 The cover section is also easy to recognize 38 with locking elements 40 Mistake.

The 9 shows a plan view from below of the light guide body 14 according to 8th , The dashed lines 42 indicate the boundaries between two coupling optics. At the center of each input optics is a recording 44 intended for an LED. Each coupling optics has the shape of a circular ring section in this plan view. The three coupling optics are thus complementary to a circular ring section of 90 °, wherein the light guide body shown here 14 is one of four to form a round light complementary light-guiding bodies of the same type.

Since refraction of light always takes place only at the edges, the coupling-in optics are formed in the manner of nested plano-convex lenses of equal thickness and different radii of curvature such that four sections occur in the region of the corners of the circular ring section 46 and 48 two lenses are provided with relatively large, adapted to the diagonals of the circular ring portion radii of curvature, of which graded to the centers of the sides of the circular ring portion towards lens sections 50 . 52 . 54 . 56 . 58 respectively. 66 . 64 . 62 with decreasing radii of curvature. In the middle are the lens sections 60 with the smallest radii of curvature. For reasons of clarity, not all of these lens sections have been provided with reference numerals.

The type of embodiment of the lenses is particularly in the 10 and 11 clearly visible. In this case, more gradations are provided in the region of the light exit surface facing corners of each coupling optics than in the region of the inner cover section 38 facing corners.

in the The scope of the inventive concept are numerous modifications and Further education possible, the z. B. refer to the design of the coupling optics. Also, by appropriate coloring of the spacer surfaces or Formation of the light exit surfaces application specific features e.g. in the navigation at position lights or navigation, aviation and, of course, road traffic Be taken into account.

Claims (33)

LED light, in particular LED beacon, for sector or all-round lights, comprising - a number of LEDs, - a number of coupling optics and - at least one light guide with at least one coupling optics associated coupling region, a deflection region and a light exit surface, wherein - the coupling optics for coupling the light generated by one or more LEDs are formed in a light guide, - the coupling region in plan view has substantially the shape of a circular ring or a circular ring section, on the outside of the light exit surface and on the inside of the deflection adjoins, so that deflection and light exit surface are substantially concentric with each other, and characterized in that - the deflecting region is provided for deflecting and distributing the light generated by one or more LEDs on the light exit surface with a plurality of deflection surfaces, the Staggered by spacing surfaces are staggered one above the other, so that the thickness of the light guide seen from the coupling region gradually tapers. LED luminaire according to claim 1, characterized that one Tangent to the transitions between the individual deflection surfaces and the clearance surfaces at an angle of about 10 ° to 40 °, preferably about 20 ° to 30 °, and more preferably about 25 ° the light exit surface runs. LED light according to claim 1 or 2, characterized that at least a part of the distance surfaces is deposited in such a color that these distance surfaces at View through the light exit surfaces appear colored. LED lamp according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized that the Einkoppeloptiken in plan view each one of the form, the has the coupling region of a light guide body in plan view, adapted, at least approximately have the shape of a circular ring portion possessing form. LED light according to claim 4, characterized that the Einkoppeloptiken quasi sort of nested plankonvexer Lenses of the same thickness and different radii of curvature formed in such a way are that in the Area of the corners of the annulus section four sections of lenses with relatively large, provided on the diagonals of the circular ring section adapted radii of curvature of which are graduated to the centers of the sides of the circular ring section There are lens sections with decreasing radii of curvature. LED luminaire according to claim 5, characterized that the Coupling optics in the manner of four to ten, preferably five to seven nested plano-convex lenses are formed. LED light according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized that the Einkoppeloptiken integral components of the or the light guide. LED light according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized that the Light guide off Polycarbonate, PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate) or a comparable Material exist. LED light according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized that the Clearance surfaces colored are coated. LED light according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized the existence colored insert is provided for storing the spacer surfaces. LED light according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized that one clear protective cover is provided. LED light according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized that the Light four light guide comprises their light exit surfaces each radiate into a sector of 90 °. LED light according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized that the Lamp three light guide comprises wherein the light exit surfaces of two fiber-optic element each in a sector of 112.5 ° and the light exit surface a light guide body radiate into a sector of 135 °, the spacer surfaces one of the two in the 112.5 ° sector radiating light-conducting body green, the the other in such a sector radiating light guide red are deposited. LED light according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized that pro fiber-optic element three coupling optics are provided. LED light according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized that pro Einkoppeloptik an LED is provided. LED light according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized that the Light-emitting surface a light guide body with a wave structure of a plurality parallel to each other and perpendicular to the longitudinal direction the stacked clearances and deflection of the fiber-optic element running grooves is provided. LED light according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized that the staggered one above the other arranged deflecting each fiber-optic element with a number of indentations are provided, with each concavity In operation, the light of at least one LED in each case a circular sector radiates so that partially overlap the circular sectors of adjacent indentations. LED light according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized that the clearances between the individual deflection surfaces of the light guide body a height from 0.2 to 2 mm, preferably from 0.2 to 0.5 mm, and more preferably from 0.3 to 0.4 mm. LED light according to one of claims 1 to 18, characterized that the LEDs are arranged on a circuit board and that locking elements for the production a latching connection between the circuit board and the light guide body (s) are provided. LED lamp according to one of claims 1 to 19 for a rotating light, characterized in that the control means provided for staggered switching on and off of the LEDs are. fiber-optic element for LED lights for sectors or all-round lights, wherein - of the fiber-optic element a coupling region, a deflection region and a light exit surface and has - The coupling area In plan view, essentially the shape of a circular ring or a Annular ring section has, on the outside of the light exit surface and on the inside of the deflection adjoins, so that deflection and light exit surface essentially concentric with each other, thereby in - That the deflection for redirecting and distributing the light generated by one or more LEDs on the light exit surface with a large number of deflection surfaces is provided, which is arranged offset by spacers step-like staggered one above the other are, so that the thickness of the light guide gradually tapered when viewed from the coupling area. fiber-optic element according to claim 21, characterized in that a tangent to the transitions between the individual deflection surfaces and the clearance surfaces at an angle of about 10 ° to 40 °, preferably about 20 ° to 30 °, and more preferably about 25 ° the light exit surface runs. fiber-optic element according to claim 21 or 22, characterized in that at least a part of the distance surfaces is deposited in such a color that these distance surfaces at View through the light exit surfaces appear colored. fiber-optic element according to one of the claims 21 to 23, characterized in that on the light guide body at least a coupling optics for coupling of at least one LED generated light is formed in the light guide body. fiber-optic element according to claim 24, characterized in that the coupling optics in the Top view, one in each case to the mold, the coupling region in the plan view has, adapted, at least approximately has the shape of a circular ring portion possessing form. fiber-optic element according to claim 25, characterized in that the coupling optics quasi in the manner of nested plano-convex lenses of equal thickness and different radii of curvature is formed such that in Area of the corners of the circular ring section with four sections of lenses relatively large, Curvature radii adapted to the diagonals of the circular ring section of which graduated to the centers of the pages of the Kreisringabschnittes towards lens sections with decreasing radii of curvature are located. fiber-optic element according to claim 26, characterized in that the coupling optics according to Art from four to ten, preferably five to seven nested plano-convex lenses is formed. fiber-optic element according to one of the claims 21 to 27, characterized in that it consists of polycarbonate, PMMA (Polymethyl methacrylate) or a comparable material. fiber-optic element according to one of the claims 21 to 28, characterized in that the spacer surfaces colored are coated. fiber-optic element according to one of the claims 21 to 29, characterized in that the light exit surface with a wave structure of a plurality of parallel to each other and perpendicular to the longitudinal direction the stacked clearances and deflection surfaces of the light guide body running grooves is provided. fiber-optic element according to one of the claims 21 to 30, characterized in that the stepped offset one above the other arranged deflecting each fiber-optic element with a number of indentations are provided, with each concavity In operation, the light of at least one LED in each case a circular sector radiates so that partially overlap the circular sectors of adjacent indentations. fiber-optic element according to one of the claims 21 to 31, characterized in that the spacing surfaces between the individual deflection surfaces of the light guide body a height from 0.2 to 2 mm, preferably from 0.2 to 0.5 mm, and more preferably from 0.3 to 0.4 mm. Warning bars especially for police emergency vehicles Fire department with an LED lamp according to one of claims 1 to 20th