DE202005010559U1 - System to be used for retaining hysteresis motion, comprising mechanical elements adjusting to varying forces - Google Patents

Abstract

The motion of mechanically moved ropes, chains, or rods has to be frequently adjusted to varying situations such as the motion of a rope holding a boat and compensate the changes created by the tide. In some cases the adjustment has to be made in a confined or awkward space. A pulley (11) is moved clockwise by a strong force (16) created by a rope (12) pulling at a lever joined to a spring (23) with one end and to the pulley (11) with the opposite end. The motion is changed to anti-clockwise when the forces are reduced (15).

Description

The The invention relates to a system for storing hysteresis movements, in particular of way or revolution equivalents and the use of memory for actuarial tasks.

The mechanical fastening or guiding devices through Ropes, hawsers, chains, bands at tensile forces or rigid elements such as bars or racks with pressure forces requires adjustable guidance in many areas due to changing external conditions. By the adjustable guide the necessary voltage, which is required, is maintained or guaranteed.

When examples for Such fortifications are the mooring of ships in one Harbor with tidal lift or buoys on the high seas, the adaptation of damper elements or even the leadership called of flying objects. Such flexible fasteners require mechanical Stellaufgaben to the change the external conditions to be able to react and maintain a desired "attachment status" or reach. To carry out This mechanical work requires energy.

There the control tasks are often performed in hard to reach places have to, is the provision of for needed the Stellarbeit Energy is usually very expensive or difficult to solve. One another problem in providing the energy needed is that if no line-based energy supply is possible, an energy storage is required, which is always limited capacity having.

Out In the prior art devices for ensuring the power supply known from mechanical control tasks that an external power supply need. The to carry the adjustment of the cable guide necessary energy is, for example, by batteries or solar cells to disposal posed. If no regenerative energies such as Sun and wind be available or not enough can be converted is the operating time of an actuator operating on external energy sources instructed, but limited.

outgoing From this prior art, it is the object of the present Invention, a system for the transformation of variable forces or Creating moments for their storage and use this memory for to enable actuarial tasks.

Is solved this task by the features of the independent claims.

in the For purposes of the present invention, the term "counterclockwise rotation" is the rotation against the Meant clockwise. Accordingly, under "clockwise rotation", the clockwise rotation be understood. With "Aktorik" are present at the Invention tasks referred to in the field of control and control.

According to the invention thereafter a system for using alternating mechanical forces or moments provided, which for the conversion of forces or moments in oscillating Movements is suitable, the system having a device, on the one hand is able by means of at least one spring and suitable transmission components to produce a hysteresis and continue to cumulate, conserve and conclude for mechanical movements disposal to deliver.

One inventive system is on the one hand for storage and on the other hand for use of work or pitches for actuarial Work to use. This is achieved by devices according to the invention reached.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention a system is provided in which at least one spring and the Transmission components are arranged such that the force or Momentum point of the spring caused changes in length or angle with increasing forces or moments against the force or moment direction on the opposite point of application of the spring are transferable. The opposite Point of application of the force or torque application point of a spring depends on from the chosen one according to the invention, not on the housing fixed.

According to the invention is for transmission the forces on the spring a mechanical and / or hydraulic and / or pneumatic Gear provided, with a mechanical transmission, depending on the chosen one embodiment, is also designed as a planetary gear or planetary gear, which over friction or interlocking the forces and Moments transfers.

In the system according to the invention pawls, overrunning clutches or check valves are provided as part of the transmission components. It is further contemplated that the pawls, overrunning clutches or check valves are arranged such that after a loading and unloading cycle, the distance between the opposite point of force application of the spring and the housing against the direction of force is changed or the opposite torque attack point of the spring against the torque direction is rotatable.

According to the invention is as Spring to which the forces transmit be, a mechanical and / or a gas spring and / or the spring action between Magnets, which act as linear or torsion springs provided.

Farther is a system provided in which a storage system with cable drum and another cable drum or at least two storage systems with rope drums sitting on an axle and both ends a rope in opposite directions wind up, the rope over a Deflection pulley is connected to a pull rope. For synchronization existing rope drums are these according to the invention with a Spring, which is suitable for storing rotational work on a Reversing gear connected.

Farther is provided that a system according to the invention an output shaft for transmission having mechanical movements, wherein the output shaft depends on the chosen one embodiment across from the housing provided with at least one shiftable clutch or slip clutch is.

In a further embodiment of the system according to the invention this is designed such that it as a module on a continuous rope attachable and for uniform catching of rope in front of and behind the module for oscillating loads is.

Farther is an inventive system for control and / or placing work by means of ropes, hawsers, chains or bands for traction forces or rigid elements for compressive forces like bars or racks suitable, with the control and / or Stellarbeiten the towing kite or towed by seagoing vessels or buoys. In addition, a system according to the invention is also for driving at least one generator provided by the from the length or angle changes caused on the spring resulting lifting or Rotational movements are used.

The Invention therefore has a system for using alternating mechanical personnel or moments to the subject, these using spring and gear components converted into oscillating movements which produces a hysteresis which accumulates, conserves and finally for mechanical Movements available is provided.

In a preferred embodiment come as transmission components manual transmission, continuously variable transmission or hydraulic pumps and motors as well as hydraulic or pneumatic cylinders are used.

According to the invention through alternating forces caused length or angle changes by means of a spring and transmission components on the one hand to the force or instantaneous attack point of the spring and against the force or Momentum transferred to the opposite point of the spring. Preferably, length or angle changes at sinking forces or Moments exclusively transmitted to the force or torque application point of the spring.

Farther are used to accumulate and store the generated hysteresis Pawls, overrunning clutches or check valves used.

In a preferred embodiment The invention is characterized by cyclic recurring changes the tensile load (ΔF) a shortening causes the remote force application point of the rope to the housing, or by cyclically recurring changes in the pressure load (ΔF) one renewal the remote force application point of the rigid element to casing causes.

at of the invention become natural occurring or actively fed forces in oscillating movements converted and used to generate a hysteresis to save or convert directly into mechanical actuator work. As the inventive system preferably the storage of mechanical work by means of generation serves a hysteresis, the inventive system is within the meaning of the present Invention also referred to as Hysteresebewegungsspeicher.

at Tasks where the power increases in proportion to the tensile force applies the following: The positioning work is the product of the force and the travel path. When the traction multiplied by the effective traction rope length change a bit bigger than the work is, can alone the effective Zugseilverlängerung in relation to be used to Stellweg as Aktorik. This actuators work then independent of the size of the tensile forces. she Due to its design, it has high setting torques and therefore does not require any or few gear stages.

For the permanent Operation must be at the location of the actuator - im temporal means - same a lot of rope shortening take place, like Zugseilverlängerung for the Actuator is needed.

To shorten the effective Zugseillänge the oscillating tensile forces are used, the ge operate a spring system and use a lever mechanism, or gear or hydraulic or pneumatic part of the force to wind the rope. At each reversal point of the force between enlargement and reduction or between reduction and enlargement is held with pawls, overrunning clutches or check valves each position won th to add up by the cyclic force changes each gained cable paths (that is: shortened effective Zugseillänge).

Around does not meet the different approach here more of an energy storage (capacity is designed in Wh), but from a rope store (capacity is designed in m).

A Force or moment acts on a spring. The counter bearing of the spring is due to the increasing force or moment load via a lever mechanism, a gearbox, hydraulics or pneumatics against the force or torque direction moves. This happens in a given way relationship to the movement that the spring at the force or torque application point in the direction of force or moment. The automatic provision this movement with decreasing force or decreasing moment is by a pawl or a freewheel or an overrunning clutch or a check valve prevented. When the force or moment drops sufficiently, it will the counter point at which the lever arm or the center of the reversing Gear or the point at which the hydraulics or pneumatics themselves braced, by the spring force in the opposite direction of the force or the moment fetched. Also this movement is by a pawl or a Freewheel or overrunning clutch or a check valve at a provision prevented.

in the In the case of pneumatics, the gas can be both the force deflection as well take over the spring function.

By several power or torque increase cycles in combination with Corresponding force or torque reduction cycles are repeated a length or rotational movement against the forces acting or moments executed.

The Countermovement, which causes the winding of the rope, can itself already a direction of the desired Actuator represent, a spring tension, which is the work for later actuator movements stores, or hold the length of rope gained for later actor work. The storage thus takes place by e.g. a rope against the force wound or springs are tensioned.

The Actuator in the direction of rotation of the rope handling can be unlocked a clutch or pawl are controlled on the cable storage. By unwinding under given tensile force actuating moments and forces generated and thus done Stellarbeit. The actuators against the The direction of rotation is controlled by a reversing gear with a fixed bevel gear cage or fixed planet carrier one Circulating gear (planetary gear) generated. To the required To switch clutches, the actuator torque can assist the Serve switching work. The clutches or pawls can both by remote controls as well as by length or angular position, Force or torque sizes as well Speed, inertia or to switch the direction of gravity. The latter is for the inherently stable Flight of kite suitable.

alternative Two rope stores are used, which roll up in opposite directions and their rope over a pulley is connected to the pull rope. At the actuator is in each case coupled with the rope store, the desired direction of rotation generated.

With This mechanism becomes stronger with each increase of force relative percentage addition, a spring against the acting force tense and counter at each lowering of the force through the spring rope wrapped up in power. This alone can be sufficient as a control function, or it can when unwinding under the tensile force actuating forces and moments as drive be used.

uses

The For example, the present invention may utilize wave energy be used. Any permanent mechanical movement is under Saltwater conditions are exposed to significant loads as well as wear. The shaft seal of the marine propulsion system has proven itself. purpose It is the lifting movement of the buoy via a cable drum in the To convert oscillating rotational movement of a drive shaft.

In the case of buoy wave power plants, sometimes the buoyancy of a buoy connected to the seabed is used, which is different from the wave height. For this purpose, the closest possible connection to the seabed is required, which is largely independent of the tide. With a storage / actuator system according to the invention, the rope or the chain to the seabed can always be adjusted to the required preload, and with this system is also possible as storm protection a descent of the buoy. A flooding of chambers of the buoy as storm protection and subsequent lashing is not required. The control of the spring preload can be done by a float, the function "rope catch" or "rope" triggers. Generators are operated parallel to the spring. With a suitable bias voltage is switched to pure spring operation, so that the alternating rotational movement hysteresis is converted via a reversing gear with corresponding overrunning clutches in a rectified rotational motion and, for example, drives a generator.

Of Further is the system according to the invention used to control towing kites. Towing kites will be at least led a rope and need to be actively flown, an adjustment mechanism. In the classic implementation of such actuators with electric gear motors the usage time is significantly limited by the accumulator capacity or the Gaining the energy of non-influenceable environmental factors, e.g. the sunshine when using solar cells.

The Use of the system according to the invention allows a permanent active control of towing kites or towed sails with minimal energy and weight expenditure, especially at ocean-going vessels. Assuming that the control forces are proportional to the pulling forces are, arise at high tensile forces high Control forces, for the the appropriate energy supply and actuators are kept have to. The system according to the invention is therefore particularly advantageous in this control, since it is capable is, independent of the order of magnitude the tensile forces cable length to store and control the towing kite even at exceptionally high tensile forces e.g. in gusts of wind to provide the required actuating force.

Also for the Collection of towing kites on ships, the system according to the invention, installed on board, reduce the required winch power.

Further can many individual hysteresis motion memories according to the invention, the remote control individually catch or fetch rope, the length of the leashes single pull kite segments and thus the aerodynamic shape or change the angle of attack, and run refactoring functions.

With the system according to the invention can over only a line of skylights, ventilation flaps, rotary valves or blinds opened by cyclic pulling movements and by pulling until to a stop, which releases the other direction of movement, closed or vice versa.

Further can with the system according to the invention Shading devices such as awnings or parasols as storm protection through the changing forces of the rising wind automatically be caught up.

With the system according to the invention let yourself the repeated operation a gripper on a crane hook, which depends on only one rope realize. Remote controlled locks and clutches can be an actuator system for opening and closing Close by Control decoupling of the stored traction cable.

One inventive system can in shock absorbers the Use hysteresis as energy that goes through in conventional shock absorbers heat conversion is destroyed. As an application would be also an automatic level control of vehicles feasible. For example, can provide the ground clearance of vehicles and trailers different loading be set automatically.

In conclusion, be still further examples of application of the hysteresis movement memory actuator system according to the invention When sailing called as the installation in a Segelwinch, causing it allows becomes, under high tensile forces under load fluctuations without corresponding manual force the pods to get closer. There is also the possibility of fluctuating during operation Preloads in the pre or leech for trimming the mast use.

Also an automatic Shifting of ballast, by gravity-controlled clutches can be carried out for trimming with the system according to the invention.

With the hysteresis movement memory actuator system according to the invention can extremely high tensile forces by lateral forces be generated on the taut rope. This makes it suitable inventive device for tensioning high voltage or railway overhead lines for equalization the fluctuations caused by seasonal temperature changes the line bias.

The Hysteresis movement memory actuator system according to the invention can in a fishing line the oscillating traction forces of the caught fish to Take advantage of catching the fish.

With a hysteresis motion memory according to the invention can loads can also be lifted along a rope or carrier by the load with an additional oscillating force is applied.

Further advantageous measures are described in the remaining subclaims; The invention will be described in more detail with reference to embodiments and the following figures; it shows:

1 Mechanical linear hysteresis motion storage actuator system for continuous ropes or beams for lifting loads

2 Mechanical linear hysteresis motion storage actuator system with one actuator rotation direction

3 Mechanical rotation hysteresis motion storage actuator system with reversing gear and two actuator rotation directions

4 Hydraulic linear hysteresis motion storage actuator system with mechanical hysteresis storage and an actuator

5 Hydraulic linear hysteresis motion storage actuator system with hydraulic hysteresis storage and an actuator

6 Hydraulic rotation hysteresis motion storage system with an actuator

7 Pneumatic linear hysteresis motion storage actuator system with mechanical hysteresis storage and an actuator

8th Pneumatic linear hysteresis motion storage actuator system with pneumatic hysteresis storage and an actuator

9 Pneumatic rotation hysteresis motion storage actuator system with an actuator

10 Double rotation hysteresis motion storage actuator system with two actuator rotation directions

11 Rotary hysteresis motion storage actuator system with two actuator rotation directions for controlling towing kites

12 Rotational hysteresis motion memory actuator system for length adjustment of continuous ropes

13 Rotational hysteresis motion memory for height compensation of buoys and for wave energy recovery

All systems described below can be designed by respective gear components for actor activities in both directions. For a clearer description is only in 3 and 10 the actuator movement is shown in both directions.

1 shows a mechanical linear system according to the invention for continuous ropes or beams for lifting loads. In the first half of the cycle for storing hysteresis moves is on the rope 17 in the initial situation the low force 15 in front. Their increase on the high power 16 leads to a clamping of the pawls 44b of the housing 18 on the rope or carrier and through the levers 49 and linkage 50 becomes the opposing block 59 against the direction of the force moves and tensions the springs 23 , The pawl 44a runs free.

In the second half of the charging cycle is in the initial situation, the high force 16 before, which on the low force 15 sinks. The position of the opposing block is by pawl 44a on the static rope 48 held. After fixed hysteresis is done by the springs 23 an increase of the pull rope 17 and the housing 18 , The pawl 44b on the housing 18 runs free. By repeating the cycle, the housing becomes 18 with the opposing block 59 cyclically raised against the direction of force.

When the memory is discharged by opening the two pawls 44a / b the when raising the case 18 used route won.

2 shows a mechanical linear system according to the invention with an actuator. In the first half of the cycle for storing hysteresis moves is on the rope 17 in the initial situation the low force 15 in front. Their increase on the high power 16 leads to a clockwise rotation of the lever 49 , Due to the pawl 44b on the lever 49 is attached, the rope drum 11 (or a gear) taken, and the housing 18 on the static rope 48 (or a rack) is raised against the direction of force. The pawl 44a , which on the housing 18 is mounted, it is free.

In the second half of the charging cycle is in the initial situation, the high force 16 before, which on the low force 15 sinks. The position of the cable drum 11 (or the gear) is by pawl 44a on the housing 18 held. After fixed hysteresis regarding the high force 16 done by the spring 23 a left turn of the lever arm 49 , The pawl 44b on the lever arm 49 runs free. By repeating the cycle, the housing becomes 18 with the spring counter bearing cyclically raised against the direction of force.

When the memory is discharged by opening the two pawls 44a / b either when raising the case 18 used route, or a rotation around the axis 10 of the actuator to be coupled 19 causes.

In 3 is a mechanical rotating inventive system with reversing gear and two Aktordrehrichtungen shown. To load the cable storage are the planet carrier of the reversing gear 28 through coupling 29a with the housing 18 and by coupling 29b with the actor 19 coupled. In the first half of the storage cycle 'lies on the traction cable 17 in the initial situation the low force 15 at. When rising to the high power 16 is a clockwise rotation of the cable drum 11 and the axis 10 causes. The axle wants it 10 over the spring 23 the clockwise rotation of the outer ring of the storage mechanism 22 and the planet carrier of the storage mechanics 14 cause. This is done by the overrunning clutches 13a / b prevented. It follows that by means of 13b fixed planet carrier of the storage mechanism 14 the clockwise sun gear of the Speicherme chanik 21 the planet wheel of the storage mechanism 20 turns left and the outer ring of the storage mechanism 22 This also turns to the left. The angle of rotation of the spring 23 results from the addition of the clockwise rotation of the axis 10 and the left-hand rotation of the outer ring of the storage mechanism 22 ,

In the second half of the storage cycle 'lies in the initial situation, the high force 16 in front. This sinks to the low power 15 , Due to the fixed hysteresis regarding the high force 16 a left turn of the cable drum 11 , the axis 10 and the sun gear of the storage mechanism 21 , The outer ring of the storage mechanism 22 remains through the overrunning clutch 13a fixed. This is done via the free-running overrunning clutch 13b a left turn of the planet carrier of the storage mechanism 14 , By repeating the cycle, the outer ring of the storage mechanism becomes 22 cyclically turned to the left with the spring counter bearing and causes a winding of the rope 17 ,

actuator 19 and the sun gear of the reversing gear 24 form a unity. The discharge of the memory can cause either a right- or left-handed adjusting movement. For the actuating movement with clockwise rotation remains the clutch 29b engaged, and the clutch 29a is disengaged. The planet carrier of the reversing gear 28 is with the actor 19 engaged. The tensile force causes a clockwise rotation, as a result actuator 19 and reversing gear outer ring 25 with the toothed belt pulley 42 also be turned to the right.

In an adjusting movement with counterclockwise rotation is the clutch 29a engaged and the clutch 29b disengaged. The planet carrier of the reversing gear 28 is with the case 18 engaged. The tensile force causes a clockwise rotation of the actuator 19 and sun gear of the reversing gear 24 , resulting in a left turn of the planet gears of the reversing gear 27 and a left turn of the outer ring of the reversing gear 25 with the toothed belt pulley 42 follows.

4 shows a hydraulic linear system according to the invention with mechanical hysteresis storage with an actuator. The piston 12 moves in the cylinder / piston combination 30 , in turn, the function of the piston in the cylinder 45 Fulfills. When the power of 15 on 16 rises, the piston lowers 12 in the cylinder 30 , increases the hydraulic pressure below it to the hydraulic chamber 35 connected to the hydraulic outer chamber 36 connected is. The cylinder 45 rests with the pawls 44b on the housing 18 off, leaving itself between the hydraulic chambers 35 / 36 and the springs 23a / b sets a balance of power. This raises the cylinder / piston combination 30 against the direction of movement of the increased force 16 at.

When the power of 16 to 15 decreases, the pressure on the hydraulic chambers decreases 35 / 36 , The cylinder / piston combination 30 now supports itself with the pawls 44a on the housing 18 off, and between the hydraulic chambers 35 / 36 and the springs 23a / b must re-establish a balance of power. Accordingly, the outer spring lifts 23b the piston 12 on and the inner spring 23a raises the cylinder 45 at. Cylinders move with several cycles of force change 45 and the cylinder / piston combination 30 discontinuously against the direction of force. Actuator work can be done by releasing the pawls 44a / b.

5 shows a hydraulic linear system according to the invention with hydraulic hysteresis storage with an actuator. The piston 12 moves in the cylinder / piston combination 30 , in turn, the function of the cylinder in the housing 18 Fulfills. When the power of 15 on 16 rises, the piston lowers 12 in the cylinder 30 , increases the hydraulic pressure below it to the hydraulic chamber 35 that is above the check valve 58a the hydraulic fluid in the hydraulic outer chamber 36 forwards. This raises the cylinder / piston combination 30 against the direction of movement of the increased force 16 until, between spring 23 added with the pressure in 35 / 36 multiplied by the piston area of 12 a force balance with the pressure in 35 / 36 multiplied by the piston area of 30 has set.

When the power of 16 to 15 sinks, raises the piston 12 through the spring 23 on and the pressure in the hydraulic chamber 35 decreases and the volume gets over the check valve 58b through the hydraulic fluid reservoir 64 refilled. The cylinder / piston combination 30 relies on the in compressible volume in chamber 36 from. During several cycles of force change piston and the cylinder / piston combination move 30 discontinuously against the direction of force.

Actuator work can be done by opening the valve 63 via a hydraulic motor 65 or directly about lowering the piston 12 respectively.

In 6 a hydraulic rotary inventive system with mechanical rotary hysteresis storage is shown with a device. When loading the rope store is located on the rope 17 in the first half of the cycle, in the initial situation, the low force 15 at. When increasing to the high power 16 a left turn of the cable drum 11 and the axis 10 , The axle wants it 10 with the hydraulic inner body 33 via the hydraulic fluid, a left-hand rotation of the hydraulic ring 34 or the hydraulic outer body 37 cause. This is done by the overrunning clutch 13b prevented. Because the hydraulic chamber 35 with the hydraulic outer chamber 36 connected, the hydraulic ring rotates 34 right against the force of the springs 23a / B. This will be the spring 23a curious, but with the effect that the counter-bearing of the spring has rotated counter to the torque direction.

In the second half of the cycle, the initial power is high 16 before, which on the low force 15 sinks. After fixed hysteresis regarding the high force 16 a clockwise rotation of the cable drum 11 , the axis 10 with the hydraulic inner body 33 , The feather 23b causes the clockwise rotation of the hydraulic outer body 37 because of the hydraulic ring 34 through the overrunning clutch 13a is blocked. By repeating the cycle, the hydraulic outer body becomes 37 and the hydraulic inner body 33 Turned clockwise to the right and causes a winding of the rope 17 ,

6 only shows the hysteresis memory. An actor action by turning the actuator to the left 19 can be analogous to 3 being constructed.

7 shows a pneumatic linear inventive system with mechanical hysteresis and an actuator. When the force exerted by 15 on 16 rises, the piston lowers 12 and increases the pressure under it to the chamber 46 , The cylinder 45 supports itself with the lower pawls 44b on the housing 18 from. Between the chamber 46 and the counter chamber 47 the same pressure must prevail. For this reason, the cylinder-piston combination stands out 30 against the direction of movement of the piston 12 at.

When the power of 16 on 15 sinks, raises the piston 12 , and the pressure under him on the chamber 46 sinks. The cylinder-piston combination 30 rests with the upper pawls 44a on the housing 18 from. For pressure equalization with respect to the chamber 46 raises the increased pressure in the chamber 47 the cylinder 45 at. With several pressure change cycles, the cylinder will move 45 and the cylinder / piston combination 30 discontinuously counter to the force introduction direction.

The embodiment shown in this illustration works without a mechanical spring, it shows the mode of action exclusively with the action of the gas spring, which is also the transmission medium for the countermovement. In order to provide an optimal solution for the task, a combination of the gas spring with a conventional mechanical spring may be useful. Actuator work can be done by releasing the pawls 44a / b.

8th shows a pneumatic linear system according to the invention with pneumatic hysteresis and an actuator. When the force exerted by 15 on 16 rises, the piston lowers 12 and increases the pressure under it to the chamber 46 , The counter chamber 47 has a larger diameter and takes over the check valve 58a Gas up and lift the chamber parting plate 41 doing counter to the direction of force until the force of the opposite chamber 47 equal to the sum of the power of the chamber 46 and the spring force 23 is.

When the power of 16 on 15 sinks, raises the piston 12 and proportionally the chamber parting plate 41 , and the pressure in the chamber 46 and 47 sinks. When the pressure in chamber 46 due to the proportionate spring force 23 When ambient pressure drops, air flows through the check valve 58b to. For multiple pressure change cycles, the chamber divider moves 41 and the piston 12 discontinuously counter to the force introduction direction.

Actuator work can be done by opening the valve 63 z. B. by a compressed air motor 66 or directly about lowering the piston 12 respectively.

9 shows a pneumatic rotary inventive system with mechanical rotary hysteresis storage with an actuator. In the first half of the cycle to load the rope store is on the rope 17 in the initial situation, the low force 15 in front. Their increase on the high power 16 leads to a left turn of the cable drum 11 and the axis 10 with the pneumatic inner body 39 , which now over the increasing internal pressure a left-hand rotation of the pneumatic ring 40 or the pneumatic outer body 38 want to effect. The latter is due to the overrunning clutch 13b prevented. It follows that the pressure in both in the pneumatic inner chamber 60 as well as in the connected first pneumatic outer chamber 61 increases. This turns the pneumatic ring 40 until the right from the product of pressure and lever arm in 60 and the second pneumatic outer chamber 62 resulting left effective moments equivalent to the corresponding right moment in 61 are. Here take over the chambers 60 / 61 as well as the chamber 62 at the same time the function of gas springs.

In the second half of the cycle when loading the rope store is in the initial situation, the high power 16 before, which then on the low force 15 sinks. After the fixed hysteresis, the cable drum turns clockwise 11 , the axis 10 and the internal pneumatic body 39 , This results in a clockwise rotation of the pneumatic outer body 38 because the pressure in the second pneumatic outer chamber 62 now higher than the pressure in the pneumatic chambers 60 / 61 , and the overrunning clutch 13a the left-hand rotation of the pneumatic ring 40 in derogation.

By repeating the cycle, the pneumatic outer body becomes 38 and the pneumatic ring 40 Turned clockwise to the right and causes a winding of the rope 17 ,

9 only shows the hysteresis memory. An actor action by turning the actuator to the left 19 can be analogous to 3 being constructed.

10 shows a double rotating inventive system with mechanical rotary hysteresis storage with two actuator directions. The components of the hysteresis motion memory are each in the cable drums 11a / b integrated and are not shown. Only the actuator units 19a respectively. 19b and the pulley 42 the clutches 29a for turning to the left or 29b to the right are shown and the clutches 29c between housing 18 and the actors 19a for clockwise rotation and the clutch 29d between the case 18 and actor 19b for left-hand rotation of the toothed belt pulley 42 ,

The tug rope 17 is on a pulley 32 fastened by a balancing rope 31 is guided, which in opposite directions on the rope drums 11a and 11b is attached.

If all couplings 29a / b / c / d are switched, the system operates in the mode "load rope store." The actuators are turned to the left to turn the clutches 29a and 29d closed and the clutches 29b and 29c open. For clockwise rotation are the clutches 29b and 29c closed and the clutches 29a and 29d open.

The Both rope storage can be reversed be connected to the charge with a balanced amount of rope to regulate on both rope drums.

In 11 the control of a towing kite or tow by a mechanical rotating system according to the invention with reversing gear accordingly 3 represented as an overall system. Here is the kite / tow 51 displayed. This is about a variety of merged single strings on the one hand on the housing 18 and on the other hand via a toothed belt 26 attached to the steering lines. The hysteresis motion memory 52 is caused by oscillating forces 15 / 16 on the rope 17 loaded while holding rope on a rope drum 11 saved. The actuator movements are fed from the cable storage and are via a reversing gear 53 in both directions via a toothed belt pulley 42 used to control the towing sail.

In 12 is shown a rotating system according to the invention for continuous ropes. This system integrates the hysteresis motion memory into or under the cable drum 11 , As a result, rope oscillates discontinuously with oscillating forces 17 symmetrically overtaken. When exceeding a preset force is via a slip clutch 43 the rope is caught.

13 shows a mechanical rotating inventive system on a buoy or wave power plant, which adjusts the cable tension. The buoy 55 is anchored to the ground 56 , About a rope 17 and a rope drum 11 The rotational movement is caused by the buoy stroke movement 57 over a wave 10 transferred to the buoy interior. Via an unlockable hysteresis storage system 52 the depth is regulated and by a reversing gear 53 with integrated overrunning clutches, the oscillating rotary motion is converted into a one-way turn and drives a generator 54 at.

10

axis

11

cable drum

11a

left cable drum

11b

right cable drum

12

piston

13a

overrunning at sinking moment

13b

overrunning as the moment increases

14

Planet carrier storage mechanism

15

low force

16

height force

17

rope

18

casing

19

actuator

19a

actuator for left turn

19b

actuator for clockwise rotation

20

planet storage mechanism

21

sun Memory mechanics (connected to axis)

22

outer rim storage mechanism

23

feather

23a

inner feather

23b

outer spring

24

sun Reverse gear

25

outer rim Reverse gear

26

toothed belt

27

planet Reverse gear

28

Planet carrier reversing gear

29a

Run reverse clutch

29b

CW-clutch

29c

lower right clutch

29d

lower left clutch

30

Cylinder / piston combination

31

compensating rope

32

idler pulley

33

Hydraulic inner body

34

hydraulic ring

35

hydraulic chamber

36

Hydraulic outer chamber

37

Hydraulic outer body

38

Pneumatic outer body

39

Pneumatic inner body

40

pneumatic ring

41

Chamber partition plate

42

Timing pulley

43

slip clutch

44a

upper Pawls with decreasing force

44b

lower Pawls with increasing force

45

cylinder

46

chamber

47

counterchamber

48

static rope

49

lever

50

linkage

51

kites

52

Hysteresis memory actuator system

53

Reverse gear

54

generator

55

buoy

56

ground anchor

57

Bojenhubbewegung

58a

check valve

58b

check valve

59

opposing block

60

Pneumatic inner chamber

61

first Pneumatic outer chamber

62

second Pneumatic outer chamber

63

Valve

64

Hydraulic fluid reservoir

65

hydraulic motor or throttle

66

Air Motor or throttle

Claims (20)

System for using alternating mechanical personnel or moments, which are used to convert the forces or moments into oscillating Movements is suitable, the system having a device, on the one hand is able by means of at least one spring and suitable transmission components to produce a hysteresis and continue to cumulate, conserve and conclude for mechanical movements disposal to deliver. The system of claim 1, wherein at least one spring and the transmission components are arranged such that the am Force or moment initiation point of the spring caused length or angle changes with increasing forces or moments against the force or moment direction on the opposite point of application of the spring are transferable. The system of claim 2, wherein the opposite Point of application of the force or torque application point of a spring not on the case is fixed. System according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein Pawls, overrunning clutches or check valves Part of the transmission components are. A system according to claim 4, wherein pawls, overrunning clutches or check valves arranged such that after a loading and unloading cycle the distance between the opposite force application point of Spring and the housing Changeable against the direction of force is or the opposite torque application point of the spring against the moment direction of rotation is rotatable. System according to at least one of the preceding claims, which for transmission the forces on the spring a mechanical and / or hydraulic and / or pneumatic Gear has. System according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein a mechanical transmission as a planetary gear or planetary gear is formed, which over Friction or gearing the forces and transmits moments. System according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the spring to which the forces transmit be a mechanical and / or a gas spring and / or the Spring effect between magnets uses, these as a linear or Torsion springs act. System according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein a storage system with cable drum and a further cable drum or at least two storage systems with cable drums on a Sitting axle and each coiling the two ends of a rope in opposite directions, the rope is connected via a pulley with a pull rope. A system according to claim 9, wherein for synchronization the existing rope drums, these with a spring, for storage of rotational work is connected via a reversing gear. System according to at least one of the preceding claims, which an output shaft for transmission has mechanical movements. The system of claim 11, wherein the output shaft across from the housing provided with at least one switchable slip clutch or clutch is, the latter by remote control or directly by physical Sizes like Length or Angular position, force or torque magnitudes as well as speed, inertia or to switch the direction of gravity. System according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein this as a module on a consistent Rope is attachable and for uniform recovery of rope before and behind the module is suitable for oscillating loads. System according to claims 1 to 13, wherein this for rule and / or parking work by means of ropes, hawsers, chains or bands for tensile forces or bending Elements for compressive forces like bars or Racks is suitable. A system according to claim 14, which is and / or parking spaces for Towing kites or towers of ships or buoys. System according to at least one of the preceding claims 1 to 15, wherein the caused by the spring-caused length or angle changes resulting stroke / rotation range for driving at least one Generator serves. System according to at least one of the preceding Claims, the transmission components are manual, continuously variable transmission or hydraulic pumps and motors. System according to at least one of the preceding Claims, where on the one hand spring and transmission components by alternating Forces caused linear or angle changes to the force or momentary attack point of the spring and opposite the force or moment direction to the opposite point of attack transmitted to the spring. The system of claim 18, wherein length or angle changes with sinking forces or moments exclusively acting on the force or torque application point of the spring. System according to at least one of the preceding Claims, being cyclically recurring changes the tensile load (ΔF) a shortening cause the remote force application point of the rope to the housing, or cyclically recurring changes the pressure load (ΔF) an extension the remote force application point of the rigid element to casing cause.