DE2013342C - Process for the production of granulated peat - Google Patents

Description

3 4

more or less high pressures come to the application heat as water and good wetting evaporation. However, this measure leads to a strong like, e.g. B. C ₆ H ₈ , to 70 to 80 percent by weight constriction of the original pore volume and moistened to moisture. The main thing before a partial destruction of the primary structure. The disadvantage of this variant lies in the fact that, despite the use of the special liquid for re-moistening the smooth, pore-closing surface of the granules, which is caused by the pressing process, the previously dried starting material makes rapid water absorption impossible. Manufacturing process is significantly cheaper because, after slow and relatively low water absorption, drying in the hot air stream requires less disintegration of the granules obtained in this way. This applies in particular if the starting material treated with io can also be used successfully as dry peat substance must be used in other processes for granulating peat (German Auslegeschrift 1145 193, German patent or peat-fertilizer mixtures are used, script 579 573), there is a networking between

the peat particles are not present

if no wetting agent is added - a 15

extremely poor rewettability Even a crushed black peat is on a water

The crushing content in a hammer mill is set at 70 to 80% and serves as a rough AuS surface, as the German patent specification Gangsmaterial, which provides chemical fertilizer-1 145 103 when mixing, these disadvantages of a drying agent can be added . It is foigcude to put together the starting material only to a small extent ao settlement:
balance.

When using relatively moist black peat (dry matter) 20% (percent by weight)

gangmatern !, as in the German patent specifications fertilizer 5% (percent by weight)

747 408 and 1 144 305 described, the mate water is 75% (percent by weight)

rial before or during the granulation process very 35 TÖÖ%

finely chopped so that the primary structure is partly

get lost. All these known processes have this material in common in a mixer with a knife, since the products created with the head, that is, inferior to a batch mixer after driving, unite, more or less centrifugal and whirling processes in a single rapid water aafnahiae and a subsequent one - 30 work steps of about 2 minutes, both homogeneously decaying a pulpy, finely grated mass, ■ mixing and granulating. The moisture obtained in this way, which can lead to silting and encrustation, is granulated through sieves in fractions differing from the soil surface. The known Licher grain sizes are divided. The over-loosening and under-loosening effect of peat fertilization should then no longer be given for the renewed granulate production. A use as a sub- 35 ment,
strat is therefore excluded. The sales grain obtained in this way is

The granules produced according to the invention can be dried air stream of 100 ⁰ C. The granulate obtained in this way with success for soil improvement as fertilizer has the following composition:
as well as used as a substrate.

Its water absorption takes place very quickly and is 4 = black peat (dry matter) 56% (weight percent)

at the same time relatively very large, without the fertilizer 14% (percent by weight)

Granules disintegrate. Water 30% (weight percent)

Another advantage of the TÖÖ% produced according to the invention

put granules over against the known granules

See in its unlimited shelf life at 45 Example 2

consistent properties. This is specifically

because in the known process the uranu In the granulation of black peat, where a

lat during manufacture wetting agents add part of the moisture content of the starting material which only temporarily limit the water absorption of a liquid with a lower specific absorption capacity ensure to the full extent, 50 heat of steam than water and good wetting in the process according to the invention is absent capacity is formed, is the composition

The drying of the granulate in a stream of warm air does the following:
According to the present invention prevents encrustation of the surface of the granules and enables black peat (dry matter) 20% (percent by weight)

light so that the granules have a porous structure 55 fertilizers 5% (weight percent)

retain which is the prerequisite for cheap water 30% (percent by weight)

Moisture release during drying and for C ₈ H ₈ 45% (percent by weight)

an optimal fast water absorption at its 100%

Another benefit of the practical use

Drying by means of a stream of warm air means that peat and chemical fertilizers are used in the

that the risk of deflagration mixed during the drying mixer. The mixing time is 2 minutes.

Procedure is practically excluded. Otherwise, the granules are sieved.

A variant of the invention is that the measure Example 1, as well as the drying.
The method is carried out according to the method. The finished granulate has the composition as

leads to the fact that the peat initially weighs less than 70% - the finished granulate of Example 1.
Percent moisture content, as far as for example 1 and 2, that the granules are about

possible, is dried down and then with a third of the volume of the starting mixture a liquid with a lower specific evaporation rate. It has a liter weight of around 450 g.

The granules according to Examples 1 and 2 swell (increase in volume by up to 60%) very quickly significant amounts of water. A disintegration of the granules does not take place unless pressure is exerted will.

It is possible to change the size of the granules by changing the moisture content of the starting material to vary. It is also possible by changing the drying temperature and duration to improve the stability of the granules.

Claims (3)

1 2 Be able to absorb large amounts of water immediately men and to be able to deliver again. 2. So that the favorable influence on the structure of the 1. Process for the production of peat granulate soil and the soil surface over longer periods or peat mix fertilizer granulate, which persists for 5 periods, the granules should be characterized in that comminuted, a moisture content of 70 to 80 _{per cent by weight of 5 to despite} ^ _{1 increase in volume when swelling} 6qo / ₀ Jang _e time remain "let-tasting peat, optionally with the supply These StrukturstabiLtit is mainly in the Vertatz of chemical fertilizers, in a decisive for the use as substrate of importance-spinning and vortex principle working mixer i _<do?" is treated. . _ ",,. ,, 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in 3. So that the long-term influence on the soil characterizes that the granulate is completely dried by means of a physical component (dewatering, hot air flow, especially at negative pressure, ™ d soil loosening) of the known we-dried I ₅ ^k ung ^e in ^he corresponds to peat fertilization, should after 3. The method according to claim 1 and 2, characterized by the slow disintegration of the granules (in the course of characterized that the peat to set a vegetation penode) the peat substaw, a moisture content of 70 to 80Ge again undestroyed in their original Slruk weight percent initially to a water content door. of less than 70 percent by weight dried and so-ao then with a liquid of lower specific The reading of these tasks takes place in the event of a Heat of evaporation than water and good loading drive for the production of peat granulate or ^{Torfnetzungsvermögen;} In particular with benzene, mixed fertilizer granulate by moistening according to the. Invention of crushed, a moisture content of as 70 to 80 percent by weight peat, optionally with the addition of chemical fertilizers, in a working according to the centrifugal and vortex principle Mixer is treated. The granulate is preferably heated by means of a stream of warm air, in particular 30 especially with negative pressure, dried. To recruitment The invention relates to a method for producing a moisture content of 70 to 80 weight of peat granulate or peat mixed fertilizer percentage, according to the invention, peat is the preferred medium granulate. first point to a water content below The invention has for its object to be dried at 70 percent by weight and then with known and from the patent specification 64283 of the 35 a liquid lower specific evaporation office for inventions and patents in East Berlin fungswänne as water and good wetting process Method of granulation and like, especially moistened with benzene Pumping of peat or peat-fertilizer-mixture According to the invention, the moist peat mixtures are stored to further develop or improve. For particles during the intensive mixing process without With this known process, the peat becomes porous, naturally crosslinked after the application of pressure beforehand treatment in a shredder without fine grinding granules together, whereby a destruction of the and if necessary after the addition of chemical gangue structure does not take place. That’s how they stay Fertilizers with overspray with water in the exhaust air and water-carrying pores to a large extent rolling process obtained into balls with a diameter under part. This loose structure in turn er-10 mm compacted, whereupon the balls formed with 45 possible a quick and therefore gentle drying powdery adhesives coated and dried by a relatively low temperature hot air net will. Both this known method. The porous structure, the gentle drying Ren as well as the method according to the invention draws and benen the relatively rough surface of the granules are characterized by the fact that a rapid rewetting and a high level of wetting are necessary for their implementation no special pressure is required and that 50 water absorption, with the natural crosslinking still relatively well-compacted particles from forces between the peat particles to disintegrate Prevent peat or its mixtures with chemical fertilizers from swelling, means and / or the otherwise usual additional The main advantages of the method according to the substances are preserved. Invention lie over the known method It is therefore the object of the invention to provide this in that it can first be provided with the aforementioned features To simplify te process and thus to maize is possible, a process for the granulation of approve. The product should not only have all the advantages of peat or peat-fertilizer mixtures with only have known product, but also carry out an operation in which the peat Its wettability is said to be considerably improved and homoseine with or without the addition of chemical fertilizers Multiple rewettability ensures that it is mixed 60 genes and granulated as well. The coming The invention is based on the object of the known method with its three operations to create a product that has the following properties - mixing, pelletizing, coating with adhesive. has: mean - much simplified. It can therefore be used in 63 shorter time with less equipment 1. So that the product is carried out immediately after being carried out and therefore lower costs in or on the ground than water and be.
Can serve nutrient storage, it should in the case of all other previously known methods