DE2011814B2 - Bituminous compound, especially for road construction - Google Patents

Description

2 Oil 814

To create a tuminous mass that shapes the application of an economical road surface that is shared by everyone Requirements to be placed on a modern road surface are sufficient and on top of that for special ones Purposes can be shifted with special additives without losing favorable properties, which are present without any other additives.

This object is achieved according to the invention in that the mass is 3 to 50 percent by weight thermally Undecomposed coal with a particle size of 1 to 100 μ and possibly other known ones Contains additives.

It has been found to be particularly advantageous that the bituminous mass according to the invention 3 to 30 percent by weight tar or 5 to 20 percent by weight pitch or 0.5 to 5 percent by weight rubber contains. Particularly favorable properties of the mass according to the invention can be achieved by that they are 2 to 10 percent by weight of fat and oil or 0.5 to 10 percent by weight of synthetic or

Contains 1 to 10 percent by weight of natural or petroleum resin. It also has a content of 1 to 10 percent by weight of natural rosin oil, from 3 to 15 percent by weight of coal oil, from 0.5 to 8 percent by weight a chlorine-containing organic solvent, tetrahydronaphthalene or from 0.1 to

2 percent by weight of metal soap (Zn) has proven to be particularly beneficial.

A road surface produced from the bituminous mass according to the invention is particularly notable due to low heat sensitivity, d. H. eiDe less developed tendency to flow with strong Sun exposure, great resistance to the effects of frost, high binding capacity for natural and artificial road construction aggregates such as chippings, gravel, slag and cement concrete, as well as high water resistance and resistance to chemical attack.

These advantageous properties of use of the composition according to the invention are primarily one Consequence of the effects and effects, especially the surface phenomena, which are thermally undecomposed Causes carbon in the finest distribution. As a result of the finest distribution of the coal on a Particle size from 1 to 100 μ induced activation of the carbon surfaces has the mass according to the invention such an intimate relationship, the sk- in their behavior a homogeneous Makes connection more similar than a physical mixture. Even if the type in the crowd present binding forces is not clarified with certainty, it can be assumed that the surface-activated finest carbon particles with the help van der Waals forces are bound to the other components of the mass.

The drawing shows a vertical section through a continuously operating squeeze mill, which is preferably used for the production of the bituminous masses according to the invention.

The basic idea of the invention lies in the advantageous special properties of coal effectively to use a uniform, uniform, intimate, a practically homogeneous mass forming a mixture of coal and bitumen without the coal being thermally decomposed to subjugate.

The mass according to the invention is preferably produced in such a way that a mixture of bitumen and coal is ^{milled or ground with further mixing at a temperature below the thermal decomposition point of the coal (about 200 °} C.). For the purposes of the invention, peat coal, lignite, lignite, bituminous coal can be used as coal, either alone or in the form of mixtures of the aforementioned coal types. The coal is an organic substance, which consists mainly of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen and small amounts

ίο Contains nitrogen and sulfur as well as tiny amounts of metals such as V, Ni, Co, Fe, Mg, Mn, Cu, Mo, Zn, Pb, Zr, Ge, etc. Furthermore, carbon is porous and carries various chemically active or functional groups, such as carboxyl, phenolic hydroxyl and methoxyl groups, etc. on the grain or crystallite surfaces, which may also be on the inside. It is also known that carbon has ion exchange properties. Accordingly, it can be stated that the more fresh surfaces with chemically active groups in statu nascendi appear, the finer-grained the coal is grinded or ground, which increases the binding activity of the coal. Therefore, if the mixture of bitumen and coal is ground under the temperature conditions mentioned, physical and chemical changes, such as mixing, dispersion and bonding between the bitumen, the coal and / or any additives or modifiers used, are caused by the energy generated, so that a bitumen compound for road surfaces and the like is created, which is new and in different! Respect, e.g. B. has extremely favorable properties in terms of thermal stability, adhesion, adhesive strength, viscoelasticity and machinability. In this context it should be noted that the favorable properties of bitumen compositions according to the invention or the advantages of the invention can already be achieved to a certain extent if liquid bitumen and microfine coal are only sufficiently mixed, but that further mixing and grinding of the composition appears to be one has a beneficial effect on the bitumen mass obtained as the end product or its properties.

The bitumens used as the main component of bitumen compositions according to the invention must be ^{sufficiently liquid at a temperature below the thermal decomposition temperature of coal (about 200 °} C.) so that they can be easily mixed with the coal and wet the coal in the process. If the softening point of the bitumen is too high so that it is ^{not sufficiently fluid below 200 0} C, it must be mixed with an appropriate amount of a blending oil, such as a mineral oil, coal oil or another suitable organic solvent, to give it the required To impart fluidity or thin liquid (flux). According to a further embodiment of the invention, tar or a mixture of tar and bitumen can be used instead of bitumen. Furthermore, in order to achieve a desired modification of the properties of the finished bitumen - .. wet or road paving compound, the bitumen (asphalt) with a crude oil, for. B. a naphthenic, paraffin-based or mixed basic crude oil, a heavy mineral oil such as heavy fuel oil, fuel oil, turbine oil, diesel oil, machine oil, a light mineral oil such as luminous oil, kerosene, petroleum ether or with a petroleum pitch

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ate 50 Gewictapro- synthetic assemblies such as Synopearl and Liixo- bite (trade name "), and Zementstemen or concrete. These additives are preferably grounded in quantities

Kr ^{aof that} *

with the bitumen

occurs deSliche At inu

Coal then hardly from The reason for this is, however ii nSTvölS ^ EKS is mögücherweise ti dung y _n he vinSelten compound or in the bitumen and microfine granular coal 1, the activity rch dei coal a's by ISES ^ ta ^ BUumen and / or possible additives containing hydrocarbons with relatively low molecular weight intimately and

_{The rubbers can be vulkani} ,, _crtcr ^

non-vulcanized rubbers are added. she give the bitumen mass extraordinarily high adhesion, adhesive strength, ViAoetasti / Mt loading

constant protection against hot weather, cold weather resistance, Notched impact strength and wear resistance. Unvulcanized rubbers are in relation to superior to the improvement of the adhesion vexnogen, however with regard to the improvement of the other., i-.igc ..- stores not so good. like vulcanized rubber ^ They are given by the "gs" "se in quantities of 0 5 b" 5 percent by weight, based on the weight of the

^^ hSojirHlSo ^ Ä and X-ray diffraction «

According to a further embodiment of the earth can for the bitumen compositions of the invention Building components, bitumen and coal, ^ SSnTiSSnSSSnittd or additives 5 <> in order to determine the properties of the end product to improve further and to achieve that H. Kohl during the formation of the desired the coal during the inventory

SS ¹ SSn and in it S lets pearls and openly prohibits having S or a close bond

TJl TJZ Beisoiele of such additives or goes with them. Example soicna

S ^ ZtZIcTX ^, such as styrene

eoech and Tallölnech, natural "o Sfe Kasschuke like butadiene-styrene- ^ SSÄl-rubber. Chlore d "£ ^u -. · _K poivisoprene

the BUumenn ^ s

Ä 4SeS LeLl, Fischtran S ₅ 5 w i.rln «mthetic resins such as vinyl chloride salts Äff Ä ίν, _ε Γ- ^ yhoeut mixed polymers, 'EthyLn-vinyl alcohol copolymers, poly-pro ^ only ^

They show the \ or. '.. g on that they nicU the viscosity of the bitumen mass Increase ^ They are, based on the weight of the final product, preferably in an amount of 2 to 10 percent by weight added

The synthetic resins can give the bitumen masses essentially the same properties as rubbers, but this b züglich improving the adhesion as inferior, while they the IMPROVE ^ _{Hit7efesti ness} wear resistance unc Wiierungsbeständigkeit are aware related to superior and simultaneously instruct the advantage that the incorporation of synthetic resins does not lead to an increase in the viscosity of the finished bitumen or road flooring mass. Based on the weight of the end product, they are preferably added in amounts of 0.5 to ₁₀ percent by weight

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or tetrahydronaphthalene as further additives are used, the strong swelling and dissolving power of the last-mentioned further additives has an effect This is beneficial in that it allows the rubbers and / or synthetic rubbers to be mixed in more evenly Resins in the bitumen mass is achieved.

The natural resins and petroleum resins not only improve the adhesive properties, but also prevent an increase in viscosity at high temperatures of more than about 70 ° C and the flow of the bitumen mass at normal temperature. These additives are preferably based in an amount of 1 to 10 percent by weight based on the weight of the final product.

The natural resin oils such as pine oil and turpentine oil are, as already mentioned above, advantageously used in combination with rubbers and / or synthetic resins, making the rubbers and / or synthetic resins are softened, swollen and dissolved and then more easily Mix evenly into the bitumen mass. They are preferably used in an amount from 1 to 10 percent by weight, based on the weight of the end product », added.

The coal oils, such as creosote and anthracene, have the property of petroleum and coal bits, such as Asphalt bitumen and tar, dissolve well and therefore reduce the viscosity of the bitumen masses. Farther improve the adhesion of the bitumen mass to damp aggregates. Coal oils are in abundance from 3 to 15 percent by weight based on the weight of the final product.

The chlorine-containing organic solvents, such as a-chloronaphthalene, tetrachlorethylene, dichloropropane, coal, rubber and synthetic resins can swell and loosen and promote the binding reaction between these fabrics. Furthermore, they give the bitumen used as the starting material and the bitumen compound made from it has the property of being fireproof or hardly inflammable. you will be preferably in canteens from 1 to 30 percent by weight, related! based on the weight of the final product.

Tetrahydronaphthalene acts similarly to the chlorine-containing organic solvents mentioned above. It is preferably used in amounts of 0.5 to 8 percent by weight based on weight of the final product.

The metal soaps, e.g. B. the soaps of Ca, Mg, Zn, Al, Fe, etc., promote or accelerate self-hardening the bitumen mass and are preferably used in amounts of 0.1 to 2 percent by weight based on the weight of the final product.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the bitumen mass is produced as follows:

Bitumen, if it is not liquid at normal temperature, is liquefied by heating. The specified amount of liquid bitumen is mixed with a certain amount of microns of powdered coal. This mixture is a suitable fine mill, e.g. B. a continuously operating squeegee mill, fed to the type shown in the drawing and the coal is ground or crushed to form super-microfine grains, whereby a bitumen mass according to the invention is obtained. If a continuously operating pinch or attritor mill is used to finely grind the coal, heat will occasionally develop during the grinding, although this is permissible. Since, however, the mixture should not be heated above about 200 ⁰ G by the heat released, a temperature above which the coal is thermally decomposed, care must be taken that during the entire mixing and grinding operation the temperature is not above 200 ° C increases. Mixing and milling can be carried out either batchwise or continuously, but the continuous procedure is advantageous. If a high-efficiency, continuous mill is used, you can mix and grind the coal at the same time. In particular when using the continuously operating squeeze mill shown in the drawing, which is equipped with a millstone or rotor made of a hard grinding material such as silicon carbide bonded with epoxy resin, aluminum oxide, boron carbide, titanium carbide, tungsten carbide, molybdenum carbide, silicon nitride or corundum, you can do good ones

so get results.

The squeeze or attritor mill shown in the drawing is a fixed, upper ring-shaped one Grinding element 1 and a lower grinding element 2, the surface of which is corrugated to the To achieve the desired friction effect and with a pulley 3 on a shaft 4 in rapid rotation can be moved. The lower grinding element 2 can be lifted by means of a handwheel 5 and lowered to the gap 6 between the upper grinding element 1 and the lower grinding element 2 can be set manually during operation. The squeeze mill has a feed opening 7 and an outlet opening 8 for removing the ground product. For receiving the input material a feed hopper 9 is provided. There are two ways to discharge the ground product Slider 10 is provided, which are arranged symmetrically so that the lower grinding element 2 to achieve a smooth run can be well balanced.

In this embodiment of the invention, a mixture of bitumen, coal and / or additive is allowed to leave the feed hopper 9 through the discharge opening 7 fall onto the lower grinding element 2, from which it is thrown towards the gap 6 by centrifugal force will. When passing through the gap 6 between the upper and lower grinding element 1 or 2, the mixture is ground to the desired uniform, practically homogeneous mass, which is scraped open by the slides 10 and then discharged through the outlet opening 8.

As already mentioned above, coal is porous and carries chemically active or functional groups on its inner or grain or crystallite boundary surfaces, such as carboxyl, carbonyl, phenolic hydroxyl and methoxyl groups, etc. Furthermore, coal is known to have ion exchange properties. Accordingly, it can be stated that the more fresh surfaces with chemically active groups in statu nascendi appear or are exposed, the finer coal is ground, which leads to a geometrically progressive increase in the binding activity of coal. Therefore, if coal is finely ground at a tem perature below about 200 ° C, so di <microfine-grained coal in the bitumen is not only dis pergiert, but connects at the same time so that a new bitumen mass according to the invention is obtained in various ways, for. B. be regarding the thermal resistance, the adhesion

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2 Oil 814

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Property, adhesive strength, viscoelasticity and

Machinability or processability or kneadability demonstrated - Example 4

has outstanding properties. Continue to join

the use of a continuously working 50 kg bitumen from direct distillation with a

Squeeze or attritor secondary energies, below 5 penetration of 60 to 80, 5 kg of blown bitumen other high-tension static electricity and War- with a penetration of 20 to 30 and 3 kg of petroleum, which by the pressure, the shear stress resin with a softening point of 6O ⁰ C are and the friction generated during the grinding process by heating to about HO ⁰ C melted, whereupon and for a further activation of the coal one contributes the melt with 17 kg of kerosene and 25 kg of brown, so that an even more uniform, homogeneous coal powder (Jöban Nakanoko Tan), which is created by a coherent bitumen mass with a sieve with a mesh size of 0.841 mm and various excellent properties. slurps, mixed and mixed to a liquid paste.

If a bitumen mass according to the invention is to be produced with this slurry analogous to Example 2, a certain coal content, 98 kg of bitumen mass according to the invention can be obtained for this purpose from the starting mixture from the beginning of 15 at a temperature of about 115 ^° C.
to a corresponding *: incorporate amount of coal or

a premix or mass with higher carbon Example 5

Establish salary, which then with the or, the other

Component (s) are (is) diluted, so that 57 kg of bitumen from direct distillation with a

a bitumen mass with the desired coal content ao penetration of 60 to 80 and 3 kg of petroleum resin with receives. It should be noted that a Inventions a softening point of 8O ⁰ C can be prepared by modern coal mass by heating melted at about 100 ° C, after which carbon with a bitumen-free mineral oil, coal oil, the melt with 9 kg of crude oil, 9 kg of dichloropropane fat and oil and / or the like is mixed and ground or rubbed into one and 22 kg of brown coal powder (Jöban Nakanoko I an), liquid or paste, whereupon the bitumen is added through a sieve with a clear mesh size. of 1.68 mm falls, added and to a liquid

The examples illustrate the invention. Slurry mixed that of that used in Example 2

Squeeze or attritor mill is fed. In the

Example 1 Mill becomes the coal with simultaneous mixing

30 ground. The material withdrawn from the mill

8 kg of bitumen from the direct distillation with a is again put into the mill and complete penetration of 100 to 150 are ground and mixed by heating, with 98 kg of the gel being melted to 150 ⁰ C, whereupon the bitumen melt desired bitumen composition according to the invention with 2 kg to to a grain diameter of less a temperature of about 120 ⁰ C,
than 100 microns Fe> !. ground coal (Jöban Kashima 35

Tan) verset "! And sufficiently mixed with stirring Example 6

becomes, wc ■ vi one 9.8 kg of the desired bitumen mass

with t.ner temperature of about 145 ⁰ C is obtained. 59 kg bitumen from direct distillation with a

Penetration from 60 to 80 and 3 kg of petroleum resin with

Example 2 ⁴ ° a softening point of 50 ⁰ C are through

Heat to 110 ⁰ C melted, whereupon the

75 kg of bitumen from direct distillation with a melt with 15 kg of kerosene and 17 kg of brown coal penetration from 80 to 100 are powdered by heating (Jöban Nakanoko Tan), which is ^{melted through a sieve to 110 0} C, before the bitumen with a clear mesh size of 0.841mm falls, melt with 25 kg brown coal powder (Jöban Kashima 45 added and mixed to a liquid pulp. This tan), which falls through a sieve with a clear mesh pulp together with 6 kg natural rubber latex width of 0.841 mm, added and mixed to a (rubber _{content 50 ° 0} ) in the paste used in Example 2. This pulp is ground and mixed in a continuous squeegee mill. Dei borrowed in a friction or squeeze mill with a millstone made of rubber latex is continuously fed into a millstone made of silicon carbide (speed about 50 of the pulp feed Mash premature mixing to give super microfine granules would be finished. After grinding 0.2 kg of powdered sulfur. In this case, we obtain 99 kg of overall has added and well distributed, the desired Mühl from the bitumen composition is unc having a temperature of withdrawn material into the mill again about 120 ⁰ C. 55 ground further there, wherein obtain 95 kg of a OF INVENTION

Example 3 bitumen mass according to the invention with a temperature

of about 120 ° C.

57 kg bitumen from direct distillation with a

Penetration from 60 to 80 is demonstrated by heating Example 7

melted to 100 ⁰ C and then with 9 kg naphthen-60

basic crude oil, 9 kg kerosene and 25 kg brown- 58 kg bitumen from direct distillation with a

coal powder (Jöban Nakanoko Tan), which falls through a penetration of 60 to 80 and 4 kg of a mixed poly sieve with a mesh size of 1.68 mm merisate from 33% vinyl acetate and 67% ethyl egg, added and mixed to a liquid paste. by heating to about 100 ⁰ C melted This slurry similar to Example 2 is further processed, 65 whereupon the melt with 9 kg of crude 9 kg Di however chloropropane a crusher with a millstone and 20 kg of lignite powder (Jöbai is used of aluminum oxide. This gives Nakanoko Tan), which through a sieve with a Ma 98 kg about 110 ⁰ C hot bitumen mass. between width of 0.841 mm falls, offset and to one

mixed liquid pulp, which is further processed analogously to Example 2. 98 kg according to the invention are obtained Bitumen mass with a temperature of about IL 5 ° C.

Example 8

55 kg bitumen from direct distillation with a penetration of 60 to 80, 3 kg petroleum resin and 10 kg amorphous polypropylene, which contains a small amount (less than 5%) of crystalline polypropylene, are melted by heating to about 100 ° C, whereupon the melt with 6 kg of crude oil, 6 kg of Petrolither, 6 kg of dichloropropane and 14 kg of brown coal powder (Jöban Nakanoko Tan) passed through a sieve falls with a mesh size of 0.841 mm, added and mixed into a liquid paste. This pulp is processed further as in Example 2, adding 98 kg of a bitumen compound according to the invention a temperature of about 110 ° C.

Example 9

52 kg bitumen from direct distillation with a penetration of 60 to 80 and 15 kg amorphous polypropylene are melted by heating to about 100 ° C, whereupon the melt with 10 kg of kerosene, 4 kg of petroleum ether, 4 kg of dichloropropane and 15 kg of brown coal powder (Jöban Kashima Tan), which is passed through a sieve with a mesh size of 0.841 mm falls, decomposes and blends into a liquid pulp. This pulp is further processed as in Example 2, 98 kg of bitumen mass according to the invention having a temperature of about 110 ° C. are obtained

Example 10

62 kg of bitumen from direct distillation with a penetration of 60 to 80 are obtained by heating melted to about 110 ° C, whereupon the bitumen with 9 kg of kerosene, 9 kg of petroleum ether and 15 kg Lignite powder (Jöban Nakanoko Tan) that falls through a sieve with a mesh size of 0.841 mm, added and mixed into a liquid paste. This slurry becomes that described in Example 2 Squeeze mill, in which he filled with 5 kg of synthetic rubber latex (containing vulcanizing agents Latex with a butadiene-styrene-rubber content of 50 ° “) is added and the carbon is mixed with it is grated or ground. The synthetic rubber latex is added proportionally to the pulp feed, so that the task of latex and pulp is finished at the same time. That from the squeeze mill withdrawn material is put back into the mill for further grinding and mixing, 96 kg of a bitumen mass according to the invention with a temperature of about 120 ° C. are obtained.

Example 11

58 kg of bitumen from direct distillation with a penetration of 60 to 80 are raised by heating melted about 100 ° C and then mixed with 8 kg of crude oil, 8 kg of petroleum ether and 15 kg of brown coal powder (Jöban Nakanoko Tan), which falls through a sieve with a mesh size of 0.841 mm, offset and mixed. In addition, by adding 5 kg of spruce oil to 2 kg of small butyl rubber pieces and 4 kg of dichloropropane swollen and softened rubber added and the mass to a liquid Slurry mixed, which is further processed analogously to Example 2, 98 kg of a bitumen mass according to the invention with a temperature of about 115 ° C.

Example 12

63 kg of bitumen from direct distillation with a penetration of 60 to 80 are raised by heating

ίο 100 ° C melted and then with 9 kg of kerosene, 9 kg Petroleum ether, 5 kg recovered rubber powder class B, 14 kg hard coal powder (Akabira Tan), which falls through a sieve with a mesh size of 0.841 mm, and 0.1 kg of a-chloronaphthalene added and mixed into a liquid paste. This slurry is processed further as in Example 2, with 98 kg of bitumen mass according to the invention at a temperature of 115 ° C. are obtained.

Example 13

40 kg of bitumen from direct distillation with a penetration of 60 to 80 are ^{melted by heating to about 100 0} C, whereupon the melt with 30 kg of kerosene, 10 kg of dichloropropane and 40 kg of hard coal powder (Akabira Tan), which is passed through a sieve with a Mesh size of 0.841 mm falls, added and mixed to form a liquid slurry, which is added to the squeeze mill used in Example 2, in which the coal is milled while mixing at the same time, a ^{mixture at HO 0} C being obtained. This mixture is mixed with 30 kg of bitumen from direct distillation melted by heating to about 110 ° C. with a penetration of 40 to 60 and stirred thoroughly, giving 471 kg of bitumen composition according to the invention.

Example 14

58 kg of bitumen from direct distillation with a penetration of 40 to 60 are raised by heating 80 ° C melted and then with 3 kg fuel oil, 3 kg fatty acid pitch, 5 kg kerosene and 21 kg hard coal powder (Akabira Tan), which falls through a sieve with a mesh size of 0.841 mm, offset and closed mixed into a liquid pulp. This mixture is placed in the squeeze mill used in Example 2, in which the charcoal is ground or ground with mixing, with a temperature of about 100 ° C Mixture received. This mixture is mixed with a further 10 kg of dichloropropane and stirred with it intimately mixed, 98 kg of a bitumen composition according to the invention being obtained.

Example 15

60 kg of bitumen from direct distillation with a penetration of 60 to 80 are aui by heating 80 ° C melted, whereupon the melt with 12 kg coal tar (type A, number 4), 10 kg creosote and 13 kg of brown coal powder (Jöban Nakanoko Tan), which is passed through a sieve with a mesh size of 0.841 mm falls, added and mixed to a liquid paste. This slurry becomes that described in Example 2 A squeeze mill, in which the cabbage is ground while mixing, one about 100 ° C hot mixture is obtained, which is mixed with 5 kg of dichloropropane, which is stirred in and innif

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mixed, 97.5 kg of bitumen mass according to the invention receives.

Example 16

70 kg of road tar (type A, number 4) are ^{heated to about 6O 0} C and mixed with 15 kg of hard coal powder (Akabira Tan), which passes through a sieve with a mesh size of 0.841 mm, and 15 kg of brown coal powder (Jöban Nakanoko Tan), which passes through a sieve with a mesh size of 0.841 mm same sieve passed, added and mixed into a liquid paste. This slurry is processed further analogously to Example 2 to give 98 kg receives an inventive hot about 80 ⁰ C bitumen mass.

Example 17

86 kg of road tar (type B, number 4) heated to 100 ° C are mixed with 3 kg of creosote oil and 5 kg of brown coal powder (Jöban Nakanoko Tan), which falls through a sieve with a mesh size of 1.68 mm, and turns into a liquid paste mixed. This slurry is processed further (with a butadiene-styrene rubber content of 50% containing vulcanizing latex) analogously to Example 10, but using 6 kg of synthetic rubber latex, which is 94 kg 110 ⁰ C hot bituminous composition of the invention preserver '.

Example 18

89 kg to 90 ⁰ C heated road tar (type C, point 2), with 6 kg of melted by heating copolymers of 33 ° _'o vinyl acetate and 67% ethylene, and 5 kg of lignite powder (Jöban Nakanoko Tan) having a through a sieve mesh size of 0.841 mm coat, was added and mixed to form a liquid slurry of example 2 is processed to give 98 kg of the desired invention, the hot bitumen mass 105 ⁰ C is obtained. Example 19

40 kg of bitumen from direct distillation with a penetration of 60 to 80 are ^{heated to about 80 °} C., whereupon 60 kg of kerosene and 40 kg of brown coal powder are added and mixed. This mixture is placed in an ice tube mill, in which the coal is ground into microfine granules. This mixture is mixed with 60 kg of bitumen from direct distillation heated to 90 ° C. with a penetration of 60 to 80 and mixed to 197 kg of a bitumen compound according to the invention.

with a

Example 20

55

57 kg bitumen from direct distillation with a penetration of 80 to 100 are melted by heating to about 100 ° C and mixed with 10 kg heavy oil B, 9 kg tetrachlorethylene, 2 kg tetrahydronaphthalene and 16 kg lignite powder (Jöban Nakanoko Tan), which is passed through a sieve falls with a mesh size of 0.707 mm, added and mixed to a liquid paste. The slurry is processed as in Example 1Ü, but using 2 kg of butadiene styrofoam rubber latex (rubber content 50%) and 4 kg of an emulsion of an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer with an ethylene content of 35% (mixed polymer content of the emulsion 50%), whereby 96 kg of a bitumen compound according to the invention
Temperature of 115 ⁰ C is obtained.

Example 21

kg bitumen from the direct distillation with Einei penetration \ on 60 to 80 are melted by heating to about 10O ⁰ C and then mii 8 kg of heavy oil B, 8 kg dichloropropane, 8 kg FischöJ, 20 kg of lignite powder (Jöban Nakanoko Tan) formed by a Sieve with a mesh size of 0.595 mm falls, and 1 kg of magnesium soap is added and mixed to form a liquid paste. This slurry is processed further in the same way as in Example 2, 98 kg of a bitumen mass according to the invention ^{having a temperature of 110 ° C. being obtained.}

The type and properties of bitumen compositions according to the invention vary depending on the The type and properties of the bitumen and coal used as the starting material, the mixing ratio of these ingredients and depending on whether other additives and Solvents are strong. The various bitumen compositions according to the invention can be liquid to be semi-solid. In general, however, the bitumen compositions according to the invention have in comparison to conventional bitumen compounds for road surface material, the bitumen, cut-off or cold asphalt and tar have the following excellent properties:

1. The bitumen compositions of the invention are extremely insensitive to heat and lead even if they are exposed to direct sunlight in summer, they can hardly flow of the pavement. Their processability is superior at higher temperatures.

2. The bitumen compositions of the invention have a high resistance to cold weather and are even with not brittle at lower temperatures.

3. The bitumen masks of the invention have excellent and high adhesiveness Adhesive strength to natural aggregates such as grit, gravel or sand and to the other calcined man-made products, such as slag, a synthetic hard and wear-resistant Fired material of a vitreous nature, a fired, hard and abrasion-resistant one synthetic material of stone-like nature, as well as against cement-concrete products.

4. In bitumen compositions according to the invention which contain a volatile solvent, promote and accelerate the contained carbon grains the distillation or evaporation of the Solvent. As a result, the bitumen compositions according to the invention quickly become hard and resistant, which makes it a bituminous that does not contain any grains of coal compared to conventional bitumen contain, develop high adhesive strength.

5. The bitumen compositions according to the invention show no Newtonian fluids corresponding flow behavior and have an excellent Viscoelasticity. In addition, by applying pressure, one can obtain high adhesiveness or achieve high adhesive strength. Finally, the bitumen compositions of the invention have superior water resistance, weather resistance and chemical resistance.

2 Oil

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In Tables III and IV below, the properties determined in tests are more according to the invention Bitumen compounds compared to the properties of conventional bitumen compounds determined in the same tests or paving materials listed.

Tables III and IV show the important properties such as heat sensitivity, Cold weather resistance, adhesive strength and solvent volatility (adhesive strength) the following can be seen:

i) Heat sensitivity: this property gives from the values of the flow test, the penetration and the softening point.

ii) Cold weather resistance: the behavior in this regard results from the din values of the »Fraass breaking point«, the penetration and the softening point.

iii) Adhesion: this property results from the values of the dissolution test and the Marshall stability test.

iv) Solvent volatilization (adhesive strength): bitumen compounds or road paving compounds are occasionally used to reduce the viscosity of the as Mass and a consequent improvement in kneadability or processability on a case-by-case basis

by diluting with a volatile solvent. In this regard, it should be noted that with regard to solvent evaporation between conventional waste asphalts, which do not contain grains of coal and which are compliant with the requirements Bituminous masses that contain microfine-grained coal, a big difference is made up of which is a big difference in the adhesive strength results. To support this, the following tests were carried out: There are in each case 200 g samples of the mixtures A, B, C and D, the composition of which from the Table I can be seen in a flask and then up to a distillation temperature of 260 ° C a distill; tion test according to ASTM-D 402-5 5. The results obtained are listed in Table II. As can be seen from Table II, the amount of distillate is in the bitumen mass according to the invention (sample A), which contains microfine-grain coal, In comparison with Samples B and C, the microfine grains of diatomaceous earth and limestone, respectively as well as compared with that containing no microfine granules at all Sample D, high, which achieves sufficient adhesive strength comparatively early on will.

Table I.

sample

Bitumen composition of the samples
(Weight percent)

Coal I diatomaceous earth | limestone

solvent

A (according to the invention)
(Comparison)
C (comparison)
D (comparison)

58
58
58
83

25 25

17 17 17 17

Tabel

100 120 130
Distillation temperature (C) 140 150 160: 180 28 36 200 220 240 260 sample Distillation amount (volume percentage) Boil . .-. - ■ - - -
19th 18th 25th 42 46 50 53 A. beginning Boil 5 12th Boil 15th 24 33 38 45 48 B. beginning beginning Boil 4th 3 10 30th 35 40 45 C. beginning 20th 28 33 43 D.

Legend: (1) The bitumen is bitumen from direct distillation with a penetration from 66.

(II) The diatomaceous earth and the limestone used each have one Grain that they pass a sieve with a mesh size of about 0.048 mm and are after Seven intimately mixed with the sample.

(III) A solvent is used

from 50 percent by weight crude oil and 50 percent by weight dichloropropane

(IV) The ^nd sample is produced by first producing a premix from the remaining constituents and then diluting this according to the invention with the solvent.

409 514/405

2 Oil 814

ί8

Table III

Results of the tests to determine the properties of (two-component) according to the invention

Bitumen masses as well as comparative tests

sample

(Bitumen-

Dimensions)

N: Not ground P: Ground

N-O

N-3

N-5

N-IO

N-20

N-30

N-40

N-45

N-50

N-60

composition
(Weight percent)

properties

Bitumen from direct distillation (penetration
60 to 80)
microfine coal (falls
through a sieve with a mesh size of
0.149 mm)

(1) density

(2) penetration
(25 ⁰ ClOOg, 5 sec.)

(3) Softening point (R&B method) ⁰ C

(4) ductility
(25 ° C), cm

(5) Flow test, mm (iron plate
with an angle of inclination of 75 °),
5 hours, 39 ° C

100

1.02 70

48

100 50

97

95

90

10

1.03

57

49

72 40

1.04

55

49

1.07 50

51

50

37

80

20th

70

30th

1.10 41

55

38

22nd

1.12 38

60

19th

15th

60

40

55

45

1.13
29

1.15 27

70

6 0.2

50

50

1.16 19

90

2 0.1

40

60

(Not to be mixed)

Table III (continued)

sample
(Bitumen
lot) N: Not ground
P: Ground P-3 P-5 P-10 i-20 P-30 P-40 P-45 P-50 P-60 Test method to Bitumen from the 97 95 90 I.
80 70 60 55 50 40 together Direct distillation settlement (Penetration (Weight 60 to 80) percent) microfine-grained 3 5 10 20th 30th 40 45 50 60 (Let yourself Coal (falls through not a sieve with a Mix) Mesh size of 0.149 mm) Own
societies (1) density 1.03 1.04 1.07 1.10 1.12 1.13 1.15 1.16 - JISK
2249-1961 (2) penetration 55 54 49 47 40 30th 28 20th JISK (25 C, 100 g,
5 sec.) 2530-1960 (3) softening 48 51 53 54 58 61 66 91 JISK point (R&B 2531-1960 Method) ⁰ C (4) ductility 88 88 55 43 20th 10 9 2 _ JISK (25 ⁰ C), cm 253.2-1960 (5) Flow test, mm 39 39 33 20th 12th 2 0.2 0.1 how (Iron plate FS-SS-R with a no 4060-1951 angle of inclination
from 75 °), described- 5 hours, 39 ° C The

2 Oil 814

N: Not ground P-3 Table III P-10 1920 (Continuation) P-30 P-40 0 I. P-45 0 0 P-50 0 P-60 Test method sample P: Ground
i ~ Γ 1010 Bitumen-
lot) (6) viscosity, P-5 577 P-20 ; en- Centistokes 870 j 360 14 500 - iaften 100 ° C 500 4 270 0 0 0 ot - 120 ⁰ C 880 2 050 U - 130 ° C 470 1750 871 1200 Hesse - 140 ⁰ C 265 946 480 600 - 150 ° C 528 840 266 320 935 1085 1053 - - 16O ⁰ C 337 -8th 420 150 200 955 1140 - - 17O ⁰ C 210 800 970 - - 18O ⁰ C 5.2 130 · 510 630 - - 190 ° C 321 440 - - 200 ° C -S -8th -8th -8th -7 -6 - (7) Fraass crushing point, ⁰ C - -8th 35 -8th 7.2 8.0 88 7.5 87 6.0 90 5.5 - (8) Sedimenta - tion test 4.7 7.0 (160 ° C, 5 hours) (9) Detachment test 100 100 19th - - Drier Limestone: Ab 35 19th solution-oriented - quotient% 100 852 0 not - - Drier to Andosite: 100 8th measure up Replacement - quotient% 818 921 - - - 10) Marshall Sta 1150 1480 - bilitätstest (a 865 922 737 1200 - immersed in 86 531 940 - Water at 60 372 522 - 60 ° C during t -9 -9 30 min.) Sta mobility, kg 80 87 1.6 2.0 2.3 - - (11) Marshall-Sta mobility test 83 89 (Duration of the experiment 48 hours) Permanent Sta mobility% 360 (6) Viscosity, cS 540 15400 100 ⁰ C 1880 340 5130 - 12O ⁰ C 1058 220 2740 - 13O ⁰ C 528 2020 1600 - 14O ⁰ C 337 1152 900 - 150 ^c C 596 1420 520 • - 16O ⁰ C 367 -9 615 320 - 170 ° C 403 - 180 ° C 1.2 284 - 190 ° C - 200 ° C -10 - - DIN.U6 (7) Fraass crushing 10 IP 80 point, ⁰ C 0.5 -10 C. 1.4 see An
note ¹ ) (8) Sedimenta
tion test (160 ° C, 5 hours) 1.0 1.5 see An
note ² ) (9) Detachment test 11th Drier
Limestone: Replacement 11th i quotient%

21

Table III (continued)

22nd

sample
(Bitumen-
lot) N: Not ground
P: Ground P-3 P-5 P-IO P-20 P-30 P-40 P-45 P-50 P-60 Test method Own Drier 100 90 6th 0 0 0 0 societies Andesite: Replacement quotient% (10) Marshall-Sta 824 804 794 820 971 984 1183 - - ASTMD bilitätstest (a 1559-62T immersed in Water at 6O ⁰ C during 30 min.) Sta mobility, kg (11) Marshall-Sta 88 87 89 92 93 94 90 mobility test (Duration of the experiment 48 hours) Permanent ones Stability,%

Table IV

Results of the tests to determine the properties of (multicomponent) according to the invention

Bitumen masses as well as comparative tests

C C

OD.

sample N: Not ground
P: Ground N no. 1 N no. 2 N no. 3 N no. 4th N no.
5 A N no.
5B N no.
6A N no.
6B N no.
7A N no.
7 B Bitumen from the 100 83 97 80 70 70 5S 58 72 72 distillation (Penetration N 1 60 to 80) Sä 2 crude oil - 8.5 - 8.5 8.5 8.5 u f2 Dichloropropane - 8.5 - 8.5 - 8.5 8.5 B ^ Petroleum resin - - 3 ■ s - 3 3 microfine - - - - 30th 30th 25th 25th 25th 25th Ij granular coal N w (Falls through Sieve with a Mesh size of 0.105 mm (1) density 1.03 1.17 1.17 (2) flame 80 83 point, ⁰ C (3) swim - 50 - 60 - 180 180 C.
O test (5O ⁰ C) π "§ Sec. Ά == (4) viscosity 1 1 cSbei S Q 70 ° C 948 968 al 80 ⁰ C 502 371 W u 90 ⁰ C 290 254 O 100 ⁰ C 6890 172 4450 156 14 500 12 250 418 403 10 500 9570 '-' 110 ⁰ C 3140 2260 7 600 6,300 338 290 4 700 3420 120 ⁰ C 1500 1180 4 270 3,570 239 212 2,450 2820 130 ° C 880 685 2 050 1650 157 173 1080 982 140 ° C 470 240 980 950 127 146 870 855 150 ⁰ C 585 546 520 490

Cß

C 3 N

3 N

c υ

ÜJ

2 Oil 814

N: Not ground
P: Ground Table 1\ N no.
8B ' (Continuation) P no. 3 3 - P no. 4th P no. 5 A P no. 5 B P no. 6 A P no. 6 B sample Bitumen from the N no.
8A 56 P no. 2 97 80 70 70 58 58 distillation 56 83 (Penetration 60 to 80) crude oil 8.5 - 8.5 - - 8.5 8.5 11th Dichloropropane 8.5 8.5 8.5 - 8.5 - - 8.5 8.5 Petroleum resin 8.5 3 8.5 3 - -. - - microfine 3 24 - 30th 30th 25th 25th i "8 granular coal 24 - • - (Falls through Sieve with a Mesh size of 0.105 mm) (1) density 1.00 (2) flame 83 109 point, ^C C 83 110 (3) swim 200 4640 68 - - 200 200 test (5O ⁰ C ¹ S 200 59 2470 • ^ Sec. 1410 O
c ■ * - * (4) viscosity, 886 cS at 440 70 C 965 «Q 80 C 955 466 (U! Τ! 90 C 634 272 ω "
UJ ^ 100 C 380 310 164 15 400 13 920 745 742 ο 110 C 435 278 204 8 550 7 700 506 510 120 C 317 212 5 130 6,000 288 269 130 C 223 167 2,740 1920 191 227 140 C 146 131 1110 1070 163 187 150 C 106 830 690

sample N: Not ground
P: Ground P no. 7 A 3 P no. 7 B 3 P no. 8 A P no. 8 B - 220 Test method Bitumen too »Α * means that the sample distillation 72 72 56 56 as coal »Jöban Kashima CD C. (Penetration Tan ”contains that when weep 60 to 80) ken with 5% NaOH- Röhol - 25th - 25th 8.5 8.5 645 Do not dissolve or heat ü a Dichloropropane - - 8.5 8.5 433 swells. »Β« means that the I-s Petroleum resin 3 3 257 Sample as coal »Jöbari 11th microfine-grained 183 Nakanoko Tan «contains. (Λ Ii
S ° Coal (falls through 142 those for potions with 5% igei N w a sieve with a - - NaOH solution at normal Mesh size temperature swells slightly of 0.105 mm) 24 24 (1) density 1.11 1.11 (JIS K 2249-1961) (2) flash point, ⁰ C 13 700 10 250 115 115 (JIS K 2803) O (3) swim test 6 670 4 360 ™ ~ ι — J (50 ° C), sec. 3 110 2,740 220 (ASTM. D139-49) ti »ü (4) Viscosity, cS 1720 1280 For solvent-based - (j at 70 ⁰ C 940 908 Bitumen masses (samples S Q 80 ⁼ C 620 589 from the measured value bein I » 9O ⁰ C Saybolt-Furol viscosity ω _w 100 ^c C 581 test calculated (ASTM, O HO ⁰ C 352 E102-37). For solution 12O ⁰ C 222 medium-free bitumen peg 130 ⁰ C 163 (Samples from the one 14O ⁰ C 121 BM rotational viscometers 150 ° C measured value calculated

Properties of the distillation residue. (It is distilled at 200 ° C / 10 Torr,
until no more oil passes over and the distillation residue is used as a sample. Lo
Solvent-free bitumen compounds are used as they are as a sample.) Properties (before distillation) 9.0 J-J
O O O O ° sample (7) penetration
25 ⁰ C, 100 g,
5 sec.
0 C, 200 g,
60 sec.
-5 ° C,
200 g, 60 sec.
(8) expansion
chungs
point, ° C
(9) Tolerance
(25 C), cm
(10) feet test,
mm (iron
plate with
a nei
angle of inclination
from 75 °,
39 C, 5 hours)
(11) Fraass
Crushing
point, ° C
(12) Marshall
Stability
test (some
dives into
Water at
60 ° C
rend 30 min.)
Stability,
kg-
(13) Marshall
Stability
test (ver
search time
48 hours)
Permanent ones
Stability% (5) Sedimenta
tion test
100 ° C,
5 hours,%
160 ° C,
5 hours,%
(6) Detachment
test
Drier
Limestone:
Replacement
quotient%
Wetter
Limestone:
Replacement
quotient %
Drier
Andesite:
Replacement
quotient%
Wetter
Andesite:
Replacement
quotient% VO
Ό YY
ο ο ο ο ° N: Not ground
P: Ground oo οι ι u> ο yi (λ
1- "VOt-ft I- ¹ OOO \ VO VO H ** 1-α μ- »ι-ι
S S S 8 N no. 1 £ t I l—> h->
—J Lfii— ¹ O \ Q4 ^>-> hJhj
NJ ONJ VO O U> NJ NJ O S 8 8 8 N no. 2 in vo I OJ Q <-n 4l
• J \ t- > U) H- "O NJ αΛ VC '» J h- »K- (- * I-A
8 8 8 8 N no. 3 OO VO 1— 'φΟ · ** ι- »νΟ
oo £ iNJ OOLnvovo ^ t- * h-k μ_ι h_x
8 8 8 8 N no. 4th 00 I.
OO hJ I μ-1 ΙΛ l-> ^.
U) ΜΙΛ -J ~ JU) 0 \ Ol- ' N no.
5A VO I
oo i-> I ι— »ι—» <_ ^ i ι— '-Fi.
~ O O \ U \ O ^ JUJOV ©! - ' N no.
5B 00 I.
00! - ·> - »1—» U) *. ! - »1— '-J
00 OSJ MD - ^ J - ^ J O OO .fe. N no.
6A -j I
OO Οι- * SJ 4S> 4 ^ ι- '~ 4
Ui O \ NJ NJ-J-JVOOO ^ WZ OO I
OO U) I I— * (-Λ t— * U)
O LflUJ 00C30 ^ 0 \ Ol ^> j-j
O O O O ° N no. N no.
7A 7B CO I
OO ON I ι— '1—'<- «- ^! > J
VO M U) Ο ^ Ό- £ * ί> Ο <-Λ OO
ο ο ο ο ¹ ^ ¹ O oo
δ ooo O oo
O O O O

Properties of the DesttliatfoiMfttetstlndes. (It is distilled at 200 ° C / 10 Torr,

until no more oil passes over and the distillation residue is used as a sample. Solvent-free Bitunia masses are used as they are as a sample.) Properties (before distillation)

-β

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λ tn en ^ «j - C fj η C *

RB 2. 3 3 _x o

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Ui ιο νο S ^ 3

Wi -U

> - »Ov VO OO

OO

S S

I— 'l-> VO

rw f— (-

8 p

OO Ul

OO OO

OO t- * Ul

OO

-J

O O O O

ι— "ul

ο νο

O O O O

T ³

OO

μ- »

Ul

O O OO

Ίλ

OV

Ο \

SS

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ο \ CO

20il 814

sample N: Not ground
P: Ground P no. 7A P no. 7 B P no. 8 A P-No-SB 9 Test method (5) Sedimenta see note 1) tion test 48 10O ⁰ C, 42 5 hours,% 0 0.5 C. 160 ^c C, 1.0 1.0 14th O 5 hours,% tilla (6) peeling test see note 2) Vi
(U Drier Q Limestone: 0 0 0 0 ω Replacement U quotient% O Wetter -13 Limestone: 0 0 0 0 Replacement 855 CD
j: quotient% C ^
C. Drier ige Andesite: 0 0 0 0 UJ Replacement quotient% Wetter Andesite: 0 0 0 0 Replacement 95 quotient% (7) penetration (JIS K 2530-1961) C / 3 I.
._. cn 25 ⁰ C, 100 g, _Γ ^c 5 sec. 35 35 62 57 .ω j * 0 ^c C, 200 g, • 3 ^ ^ 60 sec. 10 10 14th 13th -5 ⁰ C, 200g, I «QJ JS 60 sec. 6th 6th 10 (8) softening ^ο > point, ⁰ C 54 54 49 (JIS K 2531-1960) (9) Duplicity 17th 17th 40 (JIS K 2532-1960) ^ - "3 (25 ⁰ C), cm (10) Flow test, mm 7th 9 12th as in FS.SS-R 406C-1951 · "§ s' Z (Iron plate described with a (Λ f>
W: 3. " Inclination , (O? angle of ■ s-s | 75 °, 39 ° C, 111 5 hours) cks
esti (11) Fraass crushing 4th 4th -13 (DlN. U6 IP 80) ^! 2Q Ά
V) Ui W point, ⁰ C (12) Marshall 960 935 800 (ASTMD1559-62T) + J * "Q C Stability test (some P IaS dives into ΙΛ ^U U Water at 60 ° C rend 30 min.) I al Stability, kg go (13) Dto. (Ver 98 93 93 .§> § search time 48 hours) Permanent ones Stability%

Ii

2 Oil 814

31 32

with 5g of the to be tested, heated to 130 ° C

Notes: Sample spiked and using a

i. Binder Layer Detachment Test Method stir locks are mixed with it until the

(Detachment test) surfaces of the aggregates completely with the

5 samples are coated. The in this way

j) With dry aggregates: stratified aggregates are then placed on one

100 g aggregates (split with grain diameters spread out on a glass plate, at room temperature

from 10 to 13 mm) are left to stand thoroughly with water for 1 hour and then 30 minutes

washed and immersed in a thermostat drying grooves in 80 ⁰ C hot water, whereupon

io cabinet getiock- more than 30 minutes at 130 ⁰ C the replacement ratio by the following equation

net. The hot aggregates are then each determined:

Detachment quotient% = ^number of units with bitumen screed detachments

Total number of aggregates

where those aggregates where ^ -.>? Do not average corner or other volatile organic solvent or edge with the sample (bitumen layer) or is covered from it to increase its flowability as detached or aggregates with bi-emulsion are used,
The peeling of the skin is valued at willow. 25 The bitumen compositions of the invention can be found under ii) With damp aggregates: Use of the so-called mixing method with nor-100 g aggregates (split with grain diameters painter or elevated temperature or the so-called from 10 to 13 mm) are thoroughly with water penetration at normal or increased Temewashed, then soaked in distilled water to raise ceilings, for surface immersion and then, as they are, in a treatment and for dustproofing streets, thermostatic dry drinking tank kept at 60 ° C, bridges, airfields, playgrounds, floors, motor vehicles, on what let it stand for 30 minutes. vehicle parks, parking lots, platforms, loading areas. Road routes or undercuts and built-up or soils free of excess water for the attachment of sliding bodies. These moist aggregates are then added as binders for the bank embankments or 6 g of the ^{sample, heated to 120 0} C, of the bank of sea or lake coasts, rivers or, whereupon the whole thing is mixed with through waterways and as binders fillers for shock mixing heated to 120 ° C. with a stirring stick. joints or cracks in the material to be paved. The mass will turn further at this temperature.

Stirred for 5 minutes until the surfaces of the aggregates are completely coated with the sample for waterproofing shoreline shelters. The sample is then further treated in the manner described under i) above, waterways, water reservoirs, dams, and underground parking lots or other structures are also evaluated. As a corrosion protection agent for metals or elec- -, ". ,, .-, cj ·. . *. 45 tric Isolationsanslrichmassen can be used. 2. Coal grain sedimentation test In addition, they are not only suitable for surface treatment of the material to be paved with a 380 mm deep, cylindrical iron vessel, but an inner diameter of 40 mm is also used as a binder for premixed mixtures, high with the to investigated, mixed to a predetermined sample that can be used for mending or heated to a temperature of 100 or 160 ° C, which fills due to its specific adhesive properties. Then adjust the vessel in a thermostatic transactions for coating covering, in particular a drying cabinet, which are used at the selected temperature road surfaces, wherein the Haftvon is gehallen 100 and 160 ⁰ C and allowed to STUN 5 assets or by applying of pressure, whereupon the sample is removed from the vessel or is easily evaporated by blending it with a so that a 55 bar solvent can be increased in each case for a sample column, so that top sample A corresponding to 115 mm in height and the street after the Open the new closure a soil sample B is obtained. The grain of coal content can be immediately returned to the traffic of the head sample A and the soil sample B, respectively. By using bitumen masses according to the invention using a Soxhlet extraction apparatus for the production of road surfaces with benzene as a solvent extracted and determined 60 the spinning of aggregates and cracking and then given in percent. The difference between being or jumping of the road surface ^y ° ^Tt * "~ see these two contents is as sedimentation (%) can be reduced to a large extent Use high amounts !, the invention usually results in a reduction in the 6 ₅ to oru even at high temperatures in summer
Viscosity heated. The bitumen compounds can also benefit from the high adhesive strength and adhesive properties after a reduction in viscosity due to the excellent dynamic viscoelastic properties.
set with mineral oil solvents, coal-based cold weather resistance and hot weather resistance

2 Oil 814

Bitumen compounds hardly soften and flow or turn over (when using the isolating agent).

According to the invention, bitumen compounds can be produced with appropriate abrasion.

If such bitumen compounds are used as a binder for

Road surfaces are used can be achieved that the. Road surface always fresh and remains rough, as the bitumen mass is rubbed off together with the aggregates, so that you get on in this way remarkably non-slip blankets can be obtained.

1 sheet of drawings

Claims (12)

Cold resistance, adhesion, abrasion resistance and its resistance to chemical patent claims: see attacks. Which to this day in road construction imd preferably fü 1. Bituminous compound, especially for the bituminous compound used on the road surface Road construction, with the addition of crushed bitumen, asphalt, tar and mixtures: Coal, characterized in that these components consist, are the above! the mass 3 to 50 percent by weight thermally un- requirements but not up to what to decomposed coal with a particle size of consequence means that newly completed roads are already nacl 1 to 100 μ and possibly other known ones are mechanically destroyed in a short time, frost breakout Contains additives. or showing faults by HiUe, from Chemi 2. Bituminous mass according to claim 1, characterized by kalien attacked or as a result of lack; marked that they be, based on the total adhesive capacity, dangers for high-speed traffic weight, contains 3 to 30 weight percent tar. Content. 3. Bituminous mass according to claim 1, characterized in 15 first steps, bituminous road surfaces durc] characterized in that they improve the quality of the total coal content, sin < weight containing 5 to 20 weight percent pitch. has already been done. So a crowd is presented 4. Bituminous mass according to claim 1, characterized in that it consists of a mixture of coal, based on the total tar with coal powder. This mixture win weight, 0.5 to 5 weight percent rubber 20 contains for several hours at increased pressure on Tem. temperatures that lead to thermal decomposition 5. Bituminous mass according to claim 1, characterized by settling at least part of the coal characterized in that they serve, based on the total, in addition to the thermal decomposition of coal weight, 2 to 10 percent by weight fat and oil the pressure and heat treatment to the cabbage « contains. 25 to solve in the coal tar. This known mass ha 6. Bituminous composition according to claim 1, characterized however not proved to be able to provide the characterized in that they adequately meet the overall claims. In addition, isi weight, 0.5 to 10 percent by weight synthetic the production of the known mass due to de; Contains resin. Requirement to heat the mixture and divide it 7. Bituminous compound according to claim 1, characterized in that 30 pressure is applied, too uneconomical to produce a practically characterized in that they can be given importance in relation to the overall table. weight, 1 to 10 percent by weight natural resin or further the use of coal is in connection Contains petroleum resin. already known with asphaltic masses 8. Bituminous composition according to claim 1, characterized as has already been proposed, small pieces characterized in that they add, based on the total 35 coal, asphalt products in order to reduce the dei weight, 1 to 10 weight percent natural black coloration of the charcoal as a pigment use Contains rosin oil. close. These known masses where 9. Bituminous mass according to claim 1, characterized asphalt and fine coal as a physical mixture marked that they are available, based on the total, but are not pre-weighted for road construction, Contains 3 to 15 percent by weight of coal oil. 40 seen. The known masses are also not im- 10. Bituminous composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the problems to be solved would be characterized in that they solve, based on the total, as a black coloration of the road surface Weight, 0.5 to 8 percent by weight of chlorine not suitableJst the quality of a road surface feel contains organic solvent. improve bar. The opposite has been found in recent years 11. Bituminous composition according to claim 1, characterized in 45 time that dark road surfaces characterized that they, based on the total due to their high light absorption capacity, a « weight, 0.5 to 8 percent by weight tetrahydro- represent a source of danger that should not be underestimated contains naphthalene. Also, there is a method of improving the dei 12. Bituminous mass according to claim 1, characterized in properties of petroleum asphalt and similar substances characterized that it has become known, based on the total 50, after that of the main mass of diesel weight, 0.1 to 2 percent by weight of metal soap (Zn) substances 1 to 25 percent by volume of colloidal filler contains. is added, which consists of an inorganic and ir the main mass of insoluble material, such as SiO ₈ , Al ₈ O ₃ , TiO ₂ , Fe ₂ O ₃ , CaCO ₃ or clay is made up of its particles 55 have a size of about 0.005 to 0.05 μ. With the addition of these fillers, the purpose of the known method is pursued to The invention relates to a bituminous mass, to increase the softening point of the asphalt or the like, special for road construction, with the addition of without thereby other desirable properties crushed coal. 60 of the material of the main mass are affected In road construction in particular, bituminous substances play an important role in the well-known colloidal fillers, where they form the pavement of inorganic substances, but not natural substances, or in the road substructure, for example coal. Since that according to the known method are used in layers as insulating compounds. The increasing motorization requires a forepoint, it is not able to solve the development of the road network and always poses problems mentioned at the beginning.
higher demands on the road surface, in particular the invention is therefore based on the object its mechanical resilience. Heat and a bi particularly suitable for road construction