DE2009064A1 - Surgical hook - Google Patents

Description

Joitph Richard Wilder in New York, NY / USA Maurice Shama Kanbar in New York, NY / USA

Surgical hook

The invention relates generally to a surgical hook to be held by hand and in particular to a solo, made of flexible, gloss-free plastic, light and in its functionality the present is superior to conventional surgical hooks.

In modern surgery, aiatomic is adequate Keeping an open mind is paramount to conducting a safe and successful operation »Indeed A difficult surgical technique can be relieved by adequate exposure, while poor exposure excessive tissue damage, clipping due to insufficient visibility, and injury “The lack or loss of exposure is the most common cause of a failure or at least an interruption of an operation.

For a good exposure, the right incision is the anatomical mobilization of certain organs and a well-defined direction of pull are decisive. The first two factors depend in large part on the skill of the surgeon, while the third factor is not just on the skill level the assistant handling the hook is also influenced by the functional properties inherent in the hook.

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The main components of a hand-held surgical hook are a blade that engages the tissue, a handle, and a leg connecting these two parts. The shape and outline of the blade depend on the intended function of the hook and depend on the particular organ or system or area of the body on which the operation is being performed. For example, a 31att, which is used for abdominal surgery, is generally larger and slightly different in shape than one used for more superficial use.

An erotion hook must be designed to protect the tissue surrounding the ulceration wound from injury and to enable the surgeon to focus his attention entirely on the structures that are to be removed or restored by the operation should therefore soft and free of sharp Kanterjsein to a ^ eschädiaung to avoid the so sensitive to touch coming tissue .ileichzeitip. ^should: latt a / erlagerung .- / esistance oppose so that its location oleibt obtained without daiä special printing should be exercised on it.

Jecenwartis: usual i-metal hooks meet both of these requirements only to an inadequate degree in that you are smooth surfaces if they are free from sharp ·! Edges are, do not accompany rain are protected. In addition, the usual blades of the ODerationshaken have an outward pointing towards the fabric Have curvature so that the limited area of contact with them is abiuilet and does not cover the entire surface of the leaf.

Correct use of a surgical hook requires: hold it by its handle in order to have a maximum lever arm available and to exert an even pull-back force to, can and to achieve a good exposure. Still tend to many assistants to grasp the r.e.ken sn his thigh ai, resulting in a Schlecinsen b'reileromg as well as a violation of the

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Tissue and its death. The handle of a surgical hook should, however, be designed so that it a firm and comfortable grip as well as exercising a controlled Train without excessive muscle tension. To this In this way, the assistant is able to apply the required retraction force for a long time without slackening and with little fatigue exercise. However, the usual surgical hooks are far from this ideal in that they are made of stainless steel and their weight and balance are such that they are difficult to be handled and held on without fatigue. Accordingly, the assistant is inclined, in an effort to lighten his burden, to grasp the hook on the leg, although good blade contact is lost as a result and the mechanical disadvantages caused by such a grip occur.

The use of stainless steel gives the hook a weight and strength that is disproportionate to its own simple mechanical function, but it enables a effective sterilization. Stainless steel surgical hook Due to their great weight, they cannot be produced in a special size, as would be required by some anvienduners. since such sizes would be unwieldy. In the case of a very large operating area, it was therefore necessary to use several metal hooks, and this, in turn, required several assistants to scramble around the operating table and the actual surgeons disabled.

Another serious disadvantage of stainless steel surgical hooks is that they have a highly reflective surface which causes reflections under the strong surgical light. Since surgical interventions are carried out under intensive lighting, these symptoms were well suited to annoy the surgeon, and if he changed his position in the course of an operation, he could be distracted by sudden flashes of light from the reflective surgical hooks.

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In addition, the steel hooks are highly thermally conductive and quickly absorb heat from the surrounding tissue, so that they thereby adversely affect and increase the tissue temperature thermal shocks Ariaß can give.

In addition, since stainless steel hooks are expensive, a normal hospital usually cannot get one great variety of the same. and if this hospital has many operating theaters that can get by with the same inventory It is not uncommon for most of these halls to be used at the same time, so that the stock of Ilaken is insufficient. There In addition, if the hooks require careful sterilization, the number of hooks available continues to decrease.

The object of the invention is therefore to provide you with a hand to create holding surgical hook with which the previously described manrrel of conventional hooks are overcome, and which is well balanced, lightweight and functionally superior to the usual comparable instruments.

The hook according to the invention consists of a sterile, malleable one Plastic, the surface of which is smooth and yet hardly reflective, so that light reflections are avoided. About that In addition, the hook has a low-slip blade that engages firmly with the tissue in the operating area and protects it, without hurting it. *

An important feature of a hook according to the invention is in that, due to its strength, despite its low weight, it can be made much larger than previously appeared possible, so that fewer assistants are required for an operation with adequate exposure.

A salient advantage of the hook according to the invention is

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the one that it can be abandoned after a single use because of its manufacture from cheap plastic and thus none requires re-sterilization. Because of this, an operations team can rait a wide variety of holdings in sterile conditions State that are immediately available and are sufficient for heavy or unexpected use. Another advantage compared to metal hooks is the avoidance of the thermal shocks mentioned.

The plastic hook according to the invention can have a handle in Get a pistol shape that allows a firm grasp of the hook Exercise of optimal leverage over long periods of time facilitates and avoids excessive fatigue or tension.

In short, these advantages are achieved with a hook, the blade, leg and handle in one piece sterile, elastic plastic of high strength are molded and its surface has a matt finish to reduce a Has experienced reflection. The blade is generally rectangular in shape and inwardly of the tissue to be supported curved. It has an array of circular openings into which the tissue bulges due to the pressure, creating a high Resistance to sliding is achieved.

. To further explain the invention, exemplary embodiments of the same are described below in conjunction with the figures. ■ · -

Pig. 1 is a perspective view of a surgical wound; their base by two of the plastic hooks according to the invention is properly exposed; ,.

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of another Embodiment of the plastic hook according to the invention; ;

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Pig. Figure 3 is a section through the sheet taken along line 3-3 in Pig. I;

Pig. k shows yet another embodiment of the hook according to the invention;

Pig. 5 also shows another embodiment and

Fig. 6 shows a hook according to the invention with a curved Sheet.

In Fig. 1, a surgical wound 10 can be seen, which was created by an incision. The exposure is done by two surgical ^{hooks 11 and II 1} , the blades of which grasp the tissue along the opposite wound edges, the hooks being handled by surgical assistants under the direction of the surgeon.

Each of the two hooks 11 and II ¹ consists of three components that form a unit with one another, and is made of a moldable plastic of high strength, in particular an elastic material of high impact resistance, such as. B. nylon, polyethylene or polycarbonates made. Polycarbonates have the greatest resistance to deformation under load of any currently known thermoplastic material. The three components mentioned are the blade 12, the handle 13 and the leg 14- which connects the handle to the blade. A number of circular openings 15 are present in the sheet 12. The whole structure can be produced by injection molding.

The blade 12 is generally rectangular in shape with its downwardly curved corners in use It is slightly concave in relation to the tissue to be gripped, and the tissue 16 resting on the sheet lies down,

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; how; can be seen from Fig. 3, in the concave inner surface of the sheet., * with which it comes to rest on the entire leaf surface. Under the influence of the tensile force exerted by the hook, they form inside of the openings 15 are small bulges 16A of the tissue. Preferably, the openings 15 also widen after the from the tissue facing away surface of the sheet, so that also the bulges 16A in the openings expand accordingly - can. In this way there is a slip-free engagement. ' between the sheet and the tissue causing an unwanted shift of the sheet "even with a relatively low tensile force exerted prevented. Since the openings 15 are circular, they do not have any Sharp edges or irregularities, which means that could damage delicate tissues *

The leg Hf is at right angles 2u the sheet 12 and is provided with upright reinforcing ribs 14a and 1 ^ B, the run along its sides. These ribs run out at their .eine end into the corresponding edges of the sheet 12 ", while at their other end in ribs 13A and 13B of the Handle 13 skip.

The lower surface of the handle 13 is shaped to form recesses for the fingers of the grasping hand. Compared to the Leg 14, the handle is slightly inclined, for example in the manner of a pissole handle. The angle of inclination is such that at Grasping the handle with the fingers of the hand in question

Legs usually in a horizontal plane above the Hand comes to rest while the sheet is vertical, what is the best position for exerting the withdrawal force.

With the reinforcement ribs 13 & 13B of the handle, a long channel is formed on the upper side of the handle, into which each other . Can lay down to give the hook the desired orientation and to counteract any angular misalignment. The .

The material's surface is matte to make it reflective

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turn off. To further reduce the same, this can: Material be colored, the color expediently depends on the type of operating lamp. Where, for example, the operational ■ light is rich in blue, the material of the hook can colored yellow * to absorb the incident light.

When pulling on the hook, the maximum bending stress occurs at the connection between the ^ latt 12 * and the leg 3Λ and in such a way that it tries to bend the sheet upwards into the horizontal. However, since the sheet, as I said, * is arched and also its edges into the ribs l4A and l4B of the Overlooked Schenkels, the triumphant tensions are distributed in such a way that both lateral and vertical vectors occur. For this Basically, the Teschilderte hook, although it is made of light plastic is produced, able to absorb force, which is far above the normally exerted retraction forces and below which the leaf could otherwise break off the thigh.

The operating hook shown in "i: s. Is essentially the same as in Fig. 1 and also functions in the same way, with the exception, however, that the sheet 1 is longer and narrower and the vff only 16 is only arranged in a vertical row with three openings ni.rd The leg shown in Fig. 1 is also wedge-shaped and tapers from the wide blade to the narrow handle 'f Is), there the legs 20 connecting the two runs essentially cylindrical.

FIG. K shows an embodiment essentially similar to that of FIG. 1, apart from the fact that the handle 21 in this case is provided with a pair of laterally protruding ears 22 and ZJ , which serve as support surfaces for the thumb of the left or right hand. With these inflation surfaces, an unintentional rotating movement of the hook can be made with greater safety. hfiit avoid.

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For the hooks mentioned, the weight of the leaf corresponds • ■ roughly that of the handle, which can easily be ' can thereby be achieved. that the handle is hollow ... is. on this way the hook is balanced to handle it too facilitate. .

Pig. 5 is another embodiment again, after which the handle 2 ^. has a triangular shape and merges with its apex into the leg 25. Near the base of the handle has an elongated opening 26 occurs _t the space allows, for the passage of the fingers. The main advantage of this embodiment is that not only is it comfortable to hold, but that rotational movement can be controlled with certainty. In the embodiment according to FIG. 1, the fingers surround the handle and thus form a base in which the hook can be rotated. The only possibility of rotation in the embodiment according to FIG. 5, however, consists in rotating the holding hand.

Fig. 6 shows an embodiment in which the sheet is curved in the plane of the handle 29, as is the case for certain Surgical techniques is required. Again the sheet is with a series "of openings 28. The handle 29 has in essentially the shape of Fig. 1. It goes without saying that the The outline of the sheet need not be rectangular in every case, but also, for example, be oval or some other suitable one May have shape. ':

Although circular openings within the sheet are preferred, other shapes are also conceivable, such as, for. B * oval or, elliptical. In any case, however, the "walls of the openings" should widen outwards, so that the inner edge of the openings forms a gripping lip for the adjacent tissue in order to avoid displacement with certainty sharp corners

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Gauze pads are inserted, with the gauze then entering the openings to prevent displacement.

Due to the formation of the lateral ribs on the legs and handle, these parts are naturally hollow, and by deliberate use Shaping of the hooks can be achieved so that one fits into the other for stacking. This facilitates storage and the shipping of the hooks considerably.

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Claims (1)

Pat entans prohe Hit the hand-held surgical hook with a handle, . a sheet and possibly a leg connecting the handle to the sheet, characterized in that all these parts (e.g. "B * 12, 13, 1 ^) in one piece and made of an elastic, high-strength plastic with non-reflective Surface and that the sheet (12, 17, 2?) a number of openings (15, 18, 28) for engaging the of the Sheet of grasped tissue (16) aufwei-st. 2. surgical hook according to claim 1, characterized gekeztnzeich net that the legs (14, 20, 25) have reinforcing ribs on its sides (e.g. 3 * 1 ** A, 1 ^) extending into the lateral Ribbons of the sheet (12, 1?) Run out. -. 3 * Gperationshaken according to claim Z ₁ geke η η - ζ eic "h η et that the handle (13, 19, 21) reinforcing ^{ribs (z. B. 13A, 13 T} 3), which forms a channel for receiving the Form the thumb and merge into the strengthening ribs (e.g. 14A> 14 ^) of the thigh (1 ^, 20). 4 »Surgical hook according to one of the preceding claims, that ~ characterized in that the handle (21) with; a pa ^ ir of opposite, laterally protruding, the ears (22, 23) equipped as support surfaces for the thumb is, Surgical hook according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the handle {2k) is essentially flat and triangular and has an elongated opening (26) near its base for the pingers to reach through,. '..'"■ · 009838/1516 ■ "■. -12-W8W5CTBO :. ο rf-. i " ^j t ion.fihGke" i. nech an egg ■ 'ηί ^ ^: ' ο '· ^{| ί} : 1 ^ i ^ -, ■ ·'c.'irc · - "k er-i draws, ■■ !. ias 1 .-- Ct ι '7 / in the ere _re;: · ■ "- ■: ■ ■: - rif fs (~ d9)..!" boke-iPrti'- · .rekru - "" ^ ir-t.!. η ^r ! c ^ ^7th L ¹ "'r -''''.Ion,': ¹ :!" ^ Veine ¹ ?! the ^; is "or ^: Jc ^h ^ i i .'- ^; ', Iodurch rci ·; c" η. ζ e "V ch η e t, r. '\., - o.er .: ^; -: - / Ti;''!l'i, i ^ _r -J /' -i ■ '. ■!. ■ • ■■■ -e.'. T. 1st, Tr- ^: -rreafl. d "^ 1 · '^!;1"' j.:.:, j ⁷ ^ i ¹ "d-? ' ^r öCi ⁿ ^ n> el dies, -: ί: i. ">. η ζ eic" · ~ η ο ϋ,] εΐ: din 1. ' ¹ Ct ι λ.;, ^. ^:) to the side of : '. ν. eri & psenden ^ ev ^r e τγ 'ic) runs; concave c.nx e: formed i: -t. L, ^if -r 'ti or · S "^' ken n ⁿ ci ° a ^vv i d-31 ¹ " in ^ rJ.c ^ n 1 eis * jui ' ^v , - • r' ·· - '. ^ _,; ir; T:! ¹ C '. ρ ^: -; ° η η 7_ eic r net _f daid «.s 'in v: er-ent lic!' En right ec: dr is. iu. υ Derations. · ■ "■: i-re": "1" -C ¹ I one, the one speaking in front η -nsür · "· ■ --.-, / ■ - C-Ui ¹ C ''■■" eke η ~: \ draws, ^ .air itself the <. ffnui'en (i lä _r. ic · '.. ¹ in de ^ ^1r tt (Iw J. ■' ^Ϊ7 λ c ^ r:. \ i · the ev: e 'e (Xo) ii. L ¹ DOf ";: on"'-; ken naer a ^. the before ^ err.e ^ ends msvr.Jche, don.urcr. eke η η ζ ei r, r_ net, · '· "''rie uffnurren (1 ^ς , 1--, in cLe-r; .lett (U,: t" ⁷ , J ") a circular shape <e- Lz. U ') ^ r ^fi t ^A o ^ F' ^ kc'i η .- 'πh one of the preceding. \ Nsnrdche, thereby ■ -> · ekenn. zeicrnet, ds he χ accordingly: -est "Lt'- 'int, un vit NNDF ven; -lr ic ^l \ ^o rti - en Onpntionpykt ^1': r <■ ine ^ ^ öt'ioel rurei.nander epetzt to whoJen. L>. ur) he. ^r ! tioi) sh ^r i ': en i "" c.ii one of the preceding vnppr.iche, thereby c f ⁵ ii e η r ¹ ζ cich: nf ^j t,. ά ^ < er "up a ¹ !: i'olyk ^ rbon ¹¹ !> e ~ Fl-.oht. 009838/1516