DE2004101A1 - Process for the production of composite building panels - Google Patents

Description

MER O - AGo Zug, Switzerland Process for the production of composite building panels

2004

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The invention relates to a method for producing composite building panels to combine with a load-bearing substructure for the purpose of creating, for example, raised floors, ceilings or Roofs in which a material with high tensile strength and / or high modulus of elasticity and a material with low tensile strength and / or a low modulus of elasticity can be used, which is flowable or pourable and curable.

It is known, molded bodies made of concrete with an internal Reinforcement from steel rods or steel mats, for example in the form of flat building panels, to be produced, which are predominantly based on It is also known to have such shaped bodies by shaking or pressing the concrete before it hardens and finally also to accelerate the Adding heat to curing »In order to have good strength properties In order to preserve it, it is necessary that the steel reinforcement is embedded as evenly as possible in the cross-section of the building board «This prepares relatively, however, especially for large building panels. ^, thinner, considerable difficulties, since during the Compaction of the concrete can easily displace the steel reinforcement " and for this reason the use of special brackets is required power. Ausserdeiri is embedded in the concrete Steel reinforcement of the concrete cross-section on the tension side statically not used. ,

Wise made construction panels are made of concrete

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furthermore, due to the embedded reinforcement, relatively thick and therefore relatively thick correspondingly heavy, so that they are unsuitable for many purposes or are at least uneconomical. You can also do this Conventional reinforced concrete building panels not only at their corners because the reinforcement does not usually extend into the corners and thus the bearing forces do not directly affect the reinforcement can be initiated.

Another disadvantage of the known methods for the production of concrete building panels is that the achievable dimensional accuracy of the finished products is insufficient for many purposes. It must also be the structural panels adapted for spatial frameworks and double bottom for electronic computers, control rooms, among others cases as roof or floor elements so as _o, that they both bending forces can record as well as tensile and compressive forces in the plane of the board itself, to provide the necessary bonding action between the building panels and the bar elements of the spatial framework or the substructure of the raised floor. A prerequisite for achieving this composite effect, however, is also great dimensional accuracy of the building boards, as is customary with metal components (eg in the order of magnitude of 0.2 mm). On the other hand, due to the condition of the relatively high dimensional accuracy, the efficient production of such building panels in large numbers must not be impaired, since otherwise their use on a large scale would be called into question. The manufacturing costs for the individual building board should therefore be kept as low as possible _e

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Must in many applications (for _o example, when using the boards in scaffolds or aircraft maintenance scaffolding), easily combine the building panels not only with standard components made of steel or light metal can (to get the possibility of frequent assembly and disassembly to, inter alia, _o), but should also have the lowest possible weight and be insensitive during transport so that the edges of the building panels are not easily damaged and the building panels can withstand even strong impacts. The prefabricated panels conventionally prepared for building construction or manufactured so-lA gen · Sandwich elements using concrete meet the above requirements in any way "also produced by conventional manufacturing techniques composite building panels made of other materials such as reinforced concrete, eg ₀ Plastics or fibers bonded by synthetic resin, including organic fibers, do not meet the above requirements.

The invention is therefore based on the object of specifying an economical process for the production of composite building boards, which avoids the difficulties in the conventional embedding M of reinforcement and enables the production of large-scale building boards with a very high dimensional accuracy, which also has improved strength properties compared to known building boards with small thickness, and because of their high dimensional stability 'can easily be combined with standardized components made of steel and light metal for the purpose of producing a wide variety of composite structures.

According to the invention, this object is achieved in that the Material with high tensile strength and / or high modulus of elasticity

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⁽ as a thin-walled plate to a large-area support element with molded anchors for the other material and the

ti supporting substructure is preformed; that then the

Flowable or pourable material dosed onto the support element.

Λί 'brought and then compressed on the support element and

is cured that it forms a composite with the support element and the support element becomes the external reinforcement.

* \ The external reinforcement is the same as in the known methods The brackets used for the internal reinforcement are superfluous. Due to the fact that the external reinforcement together with the

^ anchors for the supporting substructure are compression molded, the dimensional accuracy of the composite building board, which is necessary for many purposes, is ensured in a simple manner, so that it can easily can be combined with standardized structural elements made of steel and light metal to produce a composite structure that «An interaction of forces between the supporting substructure

^v tion (framework made of steel or light metal) and the composite building panels made possible In other words, a according to the invention

modern methods produced composite building board has just fi xed on Jm anchorages for the supporting substructure and accurate outside dimensions. Advantageously, the flowable or pourable material with low tensile strength and low modulus of elasticity is compacted and cured on the support element, with a composite effect being achieved between the two elements, which is supported by the anchoring provided for this purpose on the support element. The anchorages for the two purposes indicated above are also advantageous during

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the formation of the support element formed. A composite building board produced according to the method according to the invention also has high strength values with a relatively small thickness and low weight. The flowable or pourable material can be made of e.g. concrete, mineral substances with cement bond (including aerated concrete), gypsum or gypsum-bound mineral substances, synthetic resin compounds,: organic fiber materials with synthetic resin binding agents, synthetic resin compounds with embedded fillers such as ζ "B . Expanded concrete, or perlite _/ wood concrete made of wood fibers and cement, asbestos cement or the like. exist · Also the too so-called. Fabric combinations that can be processed by artificial stones can be used for this. The support element can be made of steel, galvanized sheet steel or sheet steel with a rust-proof layer on both sides and / or plastic coating on the visible side, light metal alloys, compression-molded plastics with high tensile strength, such as glass fiber reinforced synthetic resin, etc.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the flow or Bulky material initially in a small overdose applied to the support element and after compaction can be used for Establishing an accurate total thickness of excess material being wiped off or squeezed · By, the latter A further step in the process is a compaction of the material and achieved a smoothing of the surface thereof.

The flowable or pourable material can also be used in a small amount Overdose can be applied to the support element and the exact quantitative measurement can be carried out during the compaction process by pressing out excess material

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Openings take place in the support element. Be advantageous for this used the openings in the anchors.

The flowable or pourable material can also be slightly underdosed be applied to the support element and the exact dimensioning and compaction can be achieved through the formation of additional Cavities take place in the material.

Another feature of the invention is that the material with high tensile strength and high modulus of elasticity as a thin-walled plate to form a large-area support element with molded-in Anchors for the supporting substructure is compression molded that then the flowable or pourable material is dosed applied to the support element and precompacted, and that thereupon anchoring openings for the other material pressed into the support element and inserted the pressing tools through these openings for compacting the other material in this and can be withdrawn after compacting · This has the advantage that the spinning tools perform two functions immediately one after the other meet by first making the anchor holes Press it into the support element and then move it into the filler material to compress it to the required level.

The compaction and / or hardening of the flowing or pourable material with simultaneous supply of heat. This significantly shortens the overall manufacturing time for the building panel.

The thin-walled plate can expediently be preformed into a large-area, flat trough from its bottom and side walls inwardly protruding anchorage lobes and / or openings

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pushes or be drawn in. The tub shape has the advantage that the narrow sides of the composite building board over their entire Height can be produced with great dimensional accuracy »

During the compaction of the flowable or pourable material can intumescent a compensating layer of small thickness from a pressure or heat and o is ₀ or the like generated curable resin. "This leveling layer provides a further possibility to determine exactly the plate height.

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The invention will then be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings of several exemplary embodiments.
Show it:

Figures 1 and 2 each have a partial sectional view, the two different Stages of an exemplary embodiment of the method according to the invention illustrate;

Figures 3 and h each a partial sectional view showing two stages of another embodiment of the inventive method; ■

Figures 5 and 6 each a partial sectional view showing several stages show another embodiment of the method according to the invention;

FIGS. 7 and 8 each show a partial sectional view which illustrate two process stages similar to FIGS. 3 and h , but in connection with a modified trough-shaped reinforcement;

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FIG. 9 shows a sectional view of a according to the invention! ·· ■
S process produced composite building board as a floor element

for a double floor;

FIGS. 10 and 10A each show a partial sectional view of a composite building board produced by the method according to the invention as Cover plate for a space framework,

The method for producing the composite building panels can be carried out with different materials. For simplicity, Wf ¹ is, however, the invention is explained below using concrete as a material with low tensile strength and low modulus of elasticity and of steel as a material with high tensile strength and high modulus of elasticity

The support element 1 has the shape of a flat trough, which consists of a thin-walled steel plate is preformed, e.g. compression molded, at the same time anchorages for the concrete 3 in the form of openings 2 with the edges drawn inwards. Furthermore, in FIGS. 1 and 2 there are no ™ molded anchors into the tub, which can be used for the Attachment of the composite panel to a supporting substructure, not shown, is required.

According to FIG. 1, concrete 3 is poured into the trough-shaped support element 1 in a slight overdose. The support element 1 is then brought to compact the concrete 3 on a vibrating table ^ on which the compaction of the concrete 3 takes place. Excess concrete 3 ¹ is according to Figure 2 by means of a scraper

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removes j by a smooth and additionally compacted concrete surface 6 to get. Instead of the scraper shown in FIG 5 can also be a roller-shaped scraper (not shown) be used, which is particularly advantageous in the production of elongated plates and also an additional Enables compaction and smoothing of the concrete surface. After the concrete has been compacted and hardened, it forms with the tub-shaped support element 1 a composite and the latter becomes the external reinforcement, which the desired high dimensional accuracy the finished composite building board ensures «The penetrated into the openings 2 concrete forms conical anchoring bodies that the Advantageously support the composite effect »

In the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 3 and k , the trough-shaped support element 1 is placed in a compression mold 7 with a corresponding cross-section, and the concrete 3 is then poured into the support element 1 again in a slight overdose. By lowering the ram 8, the concrete 3 is compacted, while at the same time during the compacting process excess concrete through the openings 2 and through openings 9 aligned with these in the "

The bottom of the mold 7 is pressed out. The exact quantitative measurement the concrete takes place here during its compaction, so that the original filling rate is not critical.

The concrete 3 can also be slightly underdosed into the tub-shaped one Fill in support element 1 and the exact dimensioning and compression of the concrete through the formation of cavities (not shown) achieve in concrete. Such cavities can be h.B. through this produce that after lowering the ram 8

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into the position shown in Figure 4 through punch not shown
“Introduces the openings 9 and 2 into the concrete 3.

According to the exemplary embodiment of FIGS. 5 and 6, the compression-molded trough-shaped support element 100 without openings 2 is placed in a mold 10 and the concrete 3 is then filled in with a slightly underdosed amount. It should be noted that the anchors (not shown) for the supporting substructure (not shown) are already formed when the tub is molded. As a result, the ram 11 is lowered into the position shown in FIG. 6, the concrete 3 being precompacted. The openings 2 are then pressed in the bottom of the support element 1 with the aid of spinning tools 12 guided in the lower part of the press mold 10, and the spinning tools 12 are then through these openings 2 for
final compaction of the concrete 3 introduced into this and withdrawn after compaction. Thereby the above mentioned
Cavities 120 formed in the concrete 3.

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In the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 7 and 8, a molded

W pressed trough-shaped support element 1 a used, which with a
Circumferential flange 13 and anchoring tabs pressed inward
14 for the concrete 3 is given away. The support element 1 a is here
inserted into a correspondingly designed mold 15 and the concrete 3 is filled in slightly overdosed. The concrete is compacted by lowering the ram i6 into the position shown in FIG. 8, with the interposition of a
Cover plate 17. Excess concrete is here when compacting
through the openings 18 produced when the anchoring tabs Ik are pressed in, as well as through openings aligned with them

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pressed in the bottom of the mold 15, as Figure 8 shows. The cover plate 17 can be used to complete the composite panel on any conventional way with the peripheral flange 13 of the support element 1 a · This cover plate can be connected depending on the used Material are used to either only embellish the concrete surface or to form a leveling layer or to form additional to take over static functions. For example, there is If the cover plate is made of a flat steel plate, the composite construction panel is closed on all sides. In this case it can.

the cover plate also has additional horizontal forces in the plate J

transferred flat or parallel to the plane of the plate

The formed during compression molding of the support element 1 a at the same time Anchors for the supporting substructure are in Figures 7 and 8 not shown.

Instead of the above procedural steps for precise dimensioning of the concrete 3 and thus also for the exact dimensioning of the height of the finished composite building board can with uhterdosed concrete filling '' during the precompacting of the concrete on one side of the concrete

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a leveling layer of small thickness are bound, which inflates at ⁴ I • pressure or heat and hardened Here, accordingly, the exact amount of the composite plate fixed layer by the compensation, which is preferably aligned with a peripheral flange or upper peripheral edge of the wannenförraigen support member.

FIG. 9 shows an example of the application according to the invention Process produced composite panels as floor elements for a raised floor. The composite panels have to

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for this purpose exact outer dimensions with a tolerance of approx. + -0.2 mm, which is due to the compression molding of the support element 101 precisely vertically raised peripheral edge 20 is achieved. At the same time, when the support element 101 the anchoring openings 21 worked out at precisely fixed points in the support element 101, in which during the construction of the double floor the fitting pins 22 of the footrests 222 engage. Here, the composite building board is automatically fixed precisely by that the openings in the support element are dimensionally accurate according to the method be incorporated in an economical production process. When the concrete 3 is compacted, cavities are created in a conventional manner 23 molded into the concrete to make room for the pegs 22 of the footrests to accomplish. Anchoring tabs 14 support the composite effect between the supporting element 101 and the concrete 3

Figures 10 and 10A show a further application example of a composite building board produced by the method according to the invention as a cover plate of a space framework consisting of node pieces 2k and rods 25. This composite building board again contains a trough-shaped support element 102 with locking screws 2.6 pressed in during compression molding for the concrete 3 and a circumferential flange 13 '' in which anchoring openings 27 for fastening screws or pins 28 are also worked out at precisely fixed points during compression molding. According to FIG. 10A, the composite building board is additionally provided with a cover plate 17 analogous to FIG. 8, which has openings 29 aligned with the openings 27 for the screws 28 to pass through. The screws 28 are used in the assembly of the composite panels in support plates

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screwed into the node pieces Zh. In this embodiment of the composite building board, it is not necessary for the outer edge of the peripheral flange 13 'to be precisely dimensional, since the composite effect between the boards and the supporting substructure is achieved by the precisely fixed screws 28. With the help of the screws and the openings 27 'executed precisely according to the method, not only does the composite building board be precisely fixed within the spatial framework, but it is also possible to transfer the forces acting perpendicularly to the structural panel into the spatial framework and further either horizon- Λ tale tensile or compressive forces (in the plane of the plate or parallel to the plane of the panel) to transfer from the junction pieces to the building board or the structural panel to the node pieces * It should be noted that here the inventive method allows the economic execution of Verbundbauplatten which, in use, guarantee composite effects between panels and space frameworks. -

From the above application examples it can be seen that the exact Arrangement of the anchoring openings in the support elements a |

zukömmt great importance and that in some applications, for example in connection with raised floors, the Aüssenabmaße the finished composite plate are held within narrow limits · must By preforming such as compression molding of the support element, which simultaneously forms the outer lying reinforcement of the finished composite plate, can the above conditions can easily be met. The supporting member may also have a deviating from the wannenförmi- gen cross-sectional shape cross-sectional shape, for example, the concrete of the composite plate to the Sehmalseiten

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not, or not entirely covered

Such a composite building board is suitable for applications where it is less a matter of precise exterior dimensions, but rather the precisely fixed position of the anchoring openings for the supporting substructure, _etc.

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Claims (8)

Claims 2 OO 410 1 )) Procedures for the production of composite building boards for unification with a load-bearing substructure for the purpose of forming e.g. Raised floors, ceilings or roofs in which a material with high Tensile strength and / or high modulus of elasticity and a material with low tensile strength and / or low modulus of elasticity used that is flowable or pourable and curable, characterized in that the material with high tensile strength and / or high modulus of elasticity as a thin-walled plate to one large-area support element with molded anchors for the other material and the supporting substructure is preformed that then the flowable or pourable material is dosed applied to the support element and then compressed and cured on the support element in such a way that it is with the Support element forms a composite and the support element to the outside Reinforcement is 2) Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the flowing or pourable material initially in a slight overdose j | applied to the support element and after compaction to induce Excess material is stripped off to an exact total thickness or is squeezed. 3) Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the flowing or pourable material applied in a small overdose on the support element And the exact quantitative dimensioning Excess by pressing out during the compression process Material takes place through openings in the support element. 109 846/0 580 4) Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the flowing or pourable material is applied to the support element in a slightly underdosed manner and the exact dimensioning and compaction through the formation of additional cavities in the material e-r «- follows p §) A method for producing composite building panels for combination with a supporting construction for the purpose of formation of such "B _# raised floor, ceiling or roofs, in which a material with high tensile strength and / or high modulus of elasticity and a material with a low tensile strength and / or low Modulus of elasticity are used, which is flowable or pourable and curable, characterized in that 'the material with high tensile strength and high modulus of elasticity as a thin-walled plate to a large-area support element with molded anchors for the. is compression-molded supporting substructure, in that subsequently the flowable or pourable material metered is applied to the support member and pre-compressed, and in that thereto Ver & nker-ungsöffnungen for the other material in the Tr g & hement "inigedrückt and the pressure tools by this ISFF" in ^ gei! & wa compression of the other material introduced into it and withdrawn after compression. ύ) Process according to claims 1 and 5ι, characterized in that the compression and / or hardening of the flowable or pourable material takes place with simultaneous supply of heat · 7) Method according to claims 1 and 5 »characterized in that that the thin-walled plate becomes a large flat tub 109846/0580 . ORIGINAL INSPECTED '■■■■■■■. ■■■ "; ■ ■ - ■ * ..- ■■" ■ -. is preformed, from their bottom and side walls inwards
protruding anchoring caps and / or openings are pressed in or pulled in » 8) Method according to claim 1, characterized in that during the compaction of the flowable or pourable material, a compensating layer of small thickness made of an inflatable and curable synthetic resin or the like by pressure or heat supply. generated
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