DE19933558C5 - Three-column process and apparatus for the cryogenic separation of air - Google Patents
Three-column process and apparatus for the cryogenic separation of air Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DE19933558C5 DE19933558C5 DE19933558A DE19933558A DE19933558C5 DE 19933558 C5 DE19933558 C5 DE 19933558C5 DE 19933558 A DE19933558 A DE 19933558A DE 19933558 A DE19933558 A DE 19933558A DE 19933558 C5 DE19933558 C5 DE 19933558C5
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- Prior art keywords
- liquid fraction
- column
- pressure
- enriched liquid
- oxygen
- Prior art date
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
- F25J3/04866—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines
- F25J3/04872—Vertical layout of cold equipments within in the cold box, e.g. columns, heat exchangers etc.
- F25J3/04878—Side by side arrangement of multiple vessels in a main column system, wherein the vessels are normally mounted one upon the other or forming different sections of the same column
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- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
- F25J3/04012—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of warm gaseous streams; details of intake or interstage cooling
- F25J3/04018—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of warm gaseous streams; details of intake or interstage cooling of main feed air
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- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
- F25J3/04078—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression
- F25J3/0409—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression of oxygen
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- F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
- F25J3/04163—Hot end purification of the feed air
- F25J3/04169—Hot end purification of the feed air by adsorption of the impurities
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- F25J3/04187—Cooling of the purified feed air by recuperative heat-exchange; Heat-exchange with product streams
- F25J3/04193—Division of the main heat exchange line in consecutive sections having different functions
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- F25J3/04212—Division of the main heat exchange line in consecutive sections having different functions including a so-called "auxiliary vaporiser" for vaporising and producing a gaseous product and simultaneously condensing vapor from a column serving as reflux within the or another column
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- F25J3/0429—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of feed air, e.g. used as waste or product air or expanded into an auxiliary column
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- F25J3/04296—Claude expansion, i.e. expanded into the main or high pressure column
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2245/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams
- F25J2245/02—Recycle of a stream in general, e.g. a by-pass stream
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2245/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams
- F25J2245/42—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams the recycled stream being nitrogen
Abstract
Verfahren zur Gewinnung eines gasförmigen Druckstickstoffprodukts durch Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft in einem Dreisäulensystem, das aus einer Drucksäule (7), einer Zusatzsäule (8) und einer Niederdrucksäule (9) besteht, mit folgenden Schritten:
(a) Einleiten eines ersten Teils (101, 103, 104) verdichteter Einsatzluft (3, 4) in die Drucksäule (7);
(b) Einleiten eines zweiten Teils (201, 202) der verdichteten Einsatzluft (3, 4) in die Zusatzsäule (8);
(c) Abziehen einer ersten sauerstoffangereicherten Flüssigfraktion (18) aus der Drucksäule (7);
(d) Einleiten mindestens eines ersten Teils (19) der ersten sauerstoffangereicherten Flüssigfraktion (18) in die Niederdrucksäule (9);
(e) Erzeugen einer zweiten sauerstoffangereicherten Flüssigfraktion (26) in der Zusatzsäule (8);
(f) Erzeugen einer dritten sauerstoffangereicherten Flüssigfraktion (30) in der Niederdrucksäule (9);
(g) Erzeugen einer ersten stickstoffangereicherten Flüssigfraktion (50) durch Kondensation eines ersten stickstoffangereicherten Kopfgases (55, 10) aus der Drucksäule (7) durch indirekten Wärmeaustausch mit der dritten sauerstoffangereicherten Flüssigfraktion (30) in einem ersten Kondensator-Verdampfer...Process for obtaining a gaseous compressed nitrogen product by cryogenic separation of air in a three-column system consisting of a pressure column (7), an auxiliary column (8) and a low-pressure column (9), comprising the following steps:
(A) introducing a first part (101, 103, 104) of compressed feed air (3, 4) into the pressure column (7);
(B) introducing a second part (201, 202) of the compressed feed air (3, 4) in the additional column (8);
(c) withdrawing a first oxygen-enriched liquid fraction (18) from the pressure column (7);
(d) introducing at least a first part (19) of the first oxygen-enriched liquid fraction (18) into the low-pressure column (9);
(e) generating a second oxygen-enriched liquid fraction (26) in the supplemental column (8);
(f) generating a third oxygen-enriched liquid fraction (30) in the low pressure column (9);
(g) producing a first nitrogen-enriched liquid fraction (50) by condensing a first nitrogen-enriched overhead gas (55, 10) from the pressure column (7) by indirect heat exchange with the third oxygen-enriched liquid fraction (30) in a first condenser-evaporator ...
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Gewinnung eines gasförmigen Druckstickstoffprodukts durch Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft in einem Dreisäulensystem, das aus einer Drucksäule, einer Zusatzsäule und einer Niederdrucksäule besteht, mit den im Patentanspruch 1 angeführten Schritten (a) bis (h) sowie mit den im Patentanspruch 5 angeführten Mitteln (a) bis (h).The The invention relates to a method and a device for obtaining a gaseous pressurized nitrogen product by cryogenic separation of air in a three pillar system, that from a pressure column, an additional column and a low pressure column consists, with the stated in claim 1 steps (a) to (h) and with the stated in claim 5 means (a) to (h).
Ein
Dreisäulensystem
weist mindestens drei Säulen
zur Stickstoff-Sauerstoff-Trennung auf. Der Begriff schließt Anlagen
und Verfahren ein, die weitere Säulen
zur Stickstoff-Sauerstoff-Trennung und/oder zur Gewinnung von anderen
Luftbestandteilen wie Edelgasen aufweisen, beispielsweise eine Rohargonsäule. Ein
Dreifachsäulenverfahren
der oben genannten Art ist aus
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung der eingangs genannten Art mit besonders hohem Wirkungsgrad anzugeben, bei dem in der Druckstickstoff erzeugt wird.Of the Invention is based on the object, a method and an apparatus of the type mentioned above with particularly high efficiency, in which is generated in the pressure nitrogen.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 1 und des Patentanspruchs 5 gelöst.These The object is achieved by the characterizing features of the claim 1 and of claim 5 solved.
Vorteilhafte Angestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteranspruchen angegeben.advantageous Embodiments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.
Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren kann Stickstoffprodukt unmittelbar aus einer unter erhöhtem Druck betriebenen Säule, abgezogen werden, vorzugsweise aus derjenigen, die von allen drei Säulen den höchsten Druck aufweist. Gegenüber dem üblichen Produktabzug aus der Niederdrucksäule wird der Aufwand beim Verdichten auf Produktdruck entsprechend geringer oder entfällt gegebenenfalls ganz. Normalerweise ist dies mit Problemen bei der Erzeugung von flüssigem Rücklauf für die Säulen verbunden. Diese werden im Rahmen der Erfindung vermieden, indem der Druck mindestens einer der Flüssigfraktionen, die aus einem der beiden Kondensator-Verdampfer stammt oder diesem zugeführt werden, in flüssigem Zustand erhöht wird.at the method according to the invention can nitrogen product directly from an under elevated pressure operated column, deducted, preferably from those of all three columns the highest Pressure has. Across from the usual Product removal from the low-pressure column is the effort when compacting correspondingly lower on product pressure or may be omitted altogether. Usually this is associated with problems in generating liquid reflux for the columns. These will avoided in the invention by the pressure of at least one the liquid fractions, which comes from one of the two condenser evaporator or this be fed in liquid Condition increased becomes.
Zu dieser Druckerhöhung kann jedes bekannte Mittel eingesetzt werden, vorzugsweise wird eine Flüssigpumpe verwendet.To this pressure increase Any known means may be used, preferably one liquid pump used.
Die zusätzlichen Merkmale der Patentansprüche 2 bis 4 betreffen besonders bevorzugte Methoden zur Gewinnung von Verfahrenskälte bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren.The additional Features of the claims 2 to 4 relate to particularly preferred methods for obtaining process refrigeration in the method according to the invention.
Die Erfindung betrifft außerdem eine Vorrichtung zur Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft gemäß Patentanspruch 5.The Invention also relates a device for cryogenic separation of air according to claim 5th
Die Erfindung sowie weitere Einzelheiten der Erfindung werden im folgenden anhand von in der Zeichnung schematisch dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert. Hierbei zeigen:The Invention as well as further details of the invention are described below Based on schematically illustrated in the drawings embodiments explained in more detail. in this connection demonstrate:
In
den Beispielen der
Bei
dem Verfahren von
Wenn
der Kältebedarf
der Anlage und/oder die Produktreinheit relativ hoch sind, kann
abweichend von der Darstellung in der Zeichnung der dritte Teilstrom,
welcher der Entspannungsmaschine
Der
unter dem zweiten Druck stehende erste Teilstrom
Der
erste Druck (in der Leitung der Einsatzluft
Der
dritte Teilstrom
Die
Luft wird hinter jedem Verdichter
Bei
der Rektifikation in der Drucksäule
In
der Zusatzsäule
Dampf
Die
Reinigung der Einsatzluft ist in der Zeichnung nicht dargestellt.
Sie kann durch jede der bekannten Methoden erfolgen, beispielsweise
in einem umschaltbaren Wärmetauscher
(Revex) oder in einer oder mehreren Molekularsiebanlagen. Im letzteren Fall
ist es möglich,
die gesamte Einsatzluft (Leitung für
In
dem Beispiel von
Der
Rest
Im
Unterschied zu
Die
Leitung
Alternativ
oder zusätzlich
kann ein Teil
Anstelle
des Drosselventils
Die
Betriebsdrücke
der Säulen
betragen in dem Beispiel 4,6 bar in der Drucksäule
Das
Verfahren gemäß
Außerdem wird
bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel nach
Bei
dem Verfahren gemäß
Außerdem wird
in
Bei
dem Prozeß,
der in
Wie
in
Die
Verdichtung der drei verschiedenen Luftströme erfolgt ähnlich wie in
Kälte wird
in dem Prozeß durch
arbeitsleistende Entspannung (
In den Ausführungsbeispielen werden die Stoffaustauschelemente in der Drucksäule und in der Zusatzsäule durch Destillierböden gebildet, diejenigen in der Niederdrucksäule durch geordnete Packung. Grundsätzlich können jedoch bei der Erfindung in jeder der Säulen konventionelle Destillierböden, Füllkörper (ungeordnete Packung) und/oder geordnete Packung eingesetzt werden. Auch Kombinationen verschiedenartiger Elemente in einer Säule sind möglich. Wegen des geringen Druckverlusts werden geordnete Packungen in allen Säulen, insbesondere in der Niederdrucksäule, bevorzugt.In the embodiments the mass transfer elements in the pressure column and in the additional column through distillation plates formed, those in the low-pressure column by parent packing. in principle can However, in the invention in each of the columns conventional distillation trays, packing (disordered Packing) and / or ordered packing. Also combinations various elements in a column are possible. Because of the low pressure loss will be ordered packs in all columns, especially in the low-pressure column, prefers.
Claims (5)
Priority Applications (1)
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DE19933558A DE19933558C5 (en) | 1999-07-16 | 1999-07-16 | Three-column process and apparatus for the cryogenic separation of air |
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE19933558A DE19933558C5 (en) | 1999-07-16 | 1999-07-16 | Three-column process and apparatus for the cryogenic separation of air |
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DE19933558A1 DE19933558A1 (en) | 2000-09-28 |
DE19933558B4 DE19933558B4 (en) | 2007-09-13 |
DE19933558C5 true DE19933558C5 (en) | 2010-04-15 |
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Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US6397631B1 (en) * | 2001-06-12 | 2002-06-04 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Air separation process |
DE60127145T3 (en) † | 2001-12-04 | 2010-04-15 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Method and apparatus for cryogenic air separation |
GB0422635D0 (en) * | 2004-10-12 | 2004-11-10 | Air Prod & Chem | Process for the cryogenic distillation of air |
DE102006012241A1 (en) * | 2006-03-15 | 2007-09-20 | Linde Ag | Method and apparatus for the cryogenic separation of air |
KR101541742B1 (en) | 2008-01-28 | 2015-08-04 | 린데 악티엔게젤샤프트 | Method and device for low-temperature air separation |
FR3090831B1 (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2022-06-03 | L´Air Liquide Sa Pour L’Etude Et L’Exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Cryogenic distillation air separation apparatus and method |
WO2020169257A1 (en) | 2019-02-22 | 2020-08-27 | Linde Gmbh | Method and system for low-temperature air separation |
WO2021078405A1 (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2021-04-29 | Linde Gmbh | Method and system for low-temperature air separation |
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1999
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE19933558B4 (en) | 2007-09-13 |
DE19933558A1 (en) | 2000-09-28 |
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