DE19910522C1 - Self-locking internal sealing cuff for pipeline wall has sleeve provided by wound band used for compression of seal between sleeve and pipeline wall - Google Patents

Abstract

The internal sealing cuff has a sleeve (2) of an elastically deformable material and a seal (3) of an elastically compressible material, inserted between the sleeve and the inside wall of the pipeline (4). The sleeve is provided by a wound band with a length of at least double the inner circumference of the pipeline wall and a thickness of between 0.25 and 2.0 mm, provided with openings at a relative spacing corresponding to the inner circumference for reception of at least one compression element (5), fitting through each of the wound layers and acting on the seal. An Independent claim for an internal sealing method for a pipeline is also included.

Description

The invention relates to a self-locking inner sleeve for sealing Attachment to inner tube walls with a sleeve made of one elastic, firm and deformable material that is in at their ends Circumferential direction overlaps and a ratchet acting in the circumferential direction has, and a circumferential seal elastic, compressible material between the cuff and the Inner surface of the tube is arranged, as well as a packer with which the Inner sleeve can be pressed radially against the inner tube wall integrated system of inner sleeve and packer as well as a method for Sealing or supporting a pipeline or a duct with the help the self-locking inner sleeve.

The operators of sewers are required to provide proof provide that the tightness of sewage pipes in the long run is ensured. The condition of many sewers meets this requirement largely not fair. Estimates how many channels and to what extent are leaking vary, especially in smaller and rural communities still need a full inspection has not taken place. The extent of the damage is also insufficient known. During investigations it was recognized that the tubular shafts themselves are still in order many times, while the sleeves the weak points represent.

For the Federal Republic of Germany, for example, the share of Sewer pipes in need of renovation in the old German  Federal states to approx. 25% with a pipe network length of 250,000 km estimated. In addition, there are about 600,000 km of house connections mostly unknown need for renovation. The renovation needs of the approximately 36000 km long network in the new German states will not estimated less.

The tightness of the sewers in is of particular importance Drinking water protection areas, since there is an immediate danger for the Drinking water supply exists. Large areas of Drinking water protection areas in the vicinity of cities are built on and have a not insignificant sewer network length. In recent years considerable efforts have been made to put in place appropriate procedures to develop for damage repair.

One is for the repair of sleeves or for repairing cracks Variety of solutions on the market that cover the damaged areas with gels or Want to seal adhesives based on 2 components. Your usability will evaluated differently, their reliability is not always satisfactory. However, it is of particular importance that the Materials can have a negative impact on groundwater, what according to the legal regulations, for example in Germany the Water Resources Act, the fact of a water pollution can meet. While many fabrics may not be cured hazardous to water, according to water hazard class zero, are classified and some have corresponding certificates. However, the curing phase is problematic, in which the substances can or may not contaminate groundwater fully cured mixed or polymerized individual substances Can migrate groundwater.  

This risk of contamination of the groundwater is particularly in Drinking water protection areas of importance, so that here the use of Repair measures are tackled in a particularly controlled manner must, although the need for action, especially here, would be very large, because leaking sleeves fear continuous contamination from wastewater or is to be expected.

Another area where drilling or using pipes provided groundwater measuring points sealed or against external pressure are landfills or storage areas for materials, from which groundwater hazardous substances can escape. This straight increasing in number and importance in recent years Applications represent a particularly sensitive area in terms of environmental technology, so that simple and safe solutions are particularly in demand for this.

From the patent US 5,738,359 is an inner sleeve for installation and Securing a seal on the inner wall of a pipeline is known. The inner sleeve consists of a band that runs in the circumferential direction overlapping on the inner surface of the one lying on the pipe wall Seal is arranged and recesses overlapping in both superimposed sections of the band into which Intervene material sections of a ferrule with which the Inner sleeve in the expanded state by locking the overlapping Sections against each other. It is disadvantageous that the Zwingelement is a separate device and on the inner surface of the Inner sleeve is put on and inside survives.  

From the German utility model DE 70 47 250 is one Collar seal for the internal sealing of pipe joints accessible Pipelines known, in which an annular joint overlapping the butt joint ring-shaped sealing surfaces made of elastic material on both sides of the butt joint has that on the inner walls of both pipe joints in sealing Plant are kept. The sealing surfaces are corresponding Inner surfaces of the ring sleeve thereby one from the inside out acting pressure that a packer with on a pipe arranged square hoses introduced into the pipeline is that the hoses are arranged in the area of the inner surfaces and when compressed air is applied to the inner surfaces and Put pressure on this. These for accessible pipelines proposed sleeve seal is not on smaller pipes transferable. Also, no high pressures can be applied with the packer, because the square hoses have no protection against bursting.

A generic inner sleeve is known from DE 43 31 367 A1. At this inner sleeve, it is disadvantageous that the ratchet in the radial direction has a larger dimension, the sharp acting as a tooth in the ratchet Edge ratchets very badly when ratcheting over the corrugations and becomes blurred and part of the ratchet fluting is exposed to the inside of the pipe. Another disadvantage of this inner sleeve is that the sleeve profiling the aligned overlapping of the overlapping ends is not guaranteed guaranteed. Because of the only partial overlap, it is very heavy, a sufficiently large section modulus in the radial direction of action to reach. Furthermore, without the cuff being too thick and stiff make with this solution insufficient resistance to radial achieve inward forces, so that the risk of denting the  Inner sleeve exists. With the sheet thickness required anyway, that is Rolling the cuff to a smaller diameter is very difficult.

With the available packers, only relatively low internal pressures can be used are applied, which are not sufficient, self-locking inner sleeves to press sufficiently firmly against the inner wall of the pipe. Very disadvantageous at known packers is that they are balloon-like when pressurized expand, resulting in an unfavorable distribution of the radially acting Pressure in the axial extent results. At the apex of the "balloon" is an almost punctiform pressure peak that drops off to both sides.

The invention is based on the technical problem mentioned at the outset to develop the inner sleeve described so that the described Disadvantages are overcome, and to propose a method by which a pipe using the proposed self-locking Inner sleeve and a packer to be developed is sealable. Is solved this problem by a self-locking described above Inner sleeve, in which the sleeve from a band section with a Length of at least twice the inner circumference of the tube and one Thickness of 0.25 to 2.0, preferably about 0.5 mm to 1.0 mm and in Windings are arranged one above the other in the interior of the tube, the side Margins of the inner turn laterally over a circumferential length survive, being in the circumferential direction in at least one row, in the case Several openings are arranged in rows next to each other Distance in the circumferential direction corresponds approximately to the inner circumference of the tube, with at least one compulsory element per row of openings, with under which the at least two superimposed band turns Pressure are held together and the seals up to the protruding edges are arranged, as well as by a packer according to claim 19. The procedural task is thereby  solved that an inner sleeve according to the invention in a sealed or pipe to be supported and placed at the point to be sealed is positioned, a packer according to the invention within the inner sleeve is positioned and is acted upon by fluid pressure such that it is Radially enlarged outer diameter, whereby the turns of the pipe Inner sleeve with increasing the diameter relative to each other be moved until the outer turn with the seal firmly the inner wall of the pipe or the channel creates and the side protruding part of the inner turn in the direction of the inner tube wall is angled so that the lateral edges firmly on the inner tube wall rest, the teeth of the arranged between the turns Lock the ratchet against the abutment of the assigned opening support, so that after locking the packer relaxed and out of the pipeline can be withdrawn.

The position of the coil turns is so that the to the sewer pipe is the outer turn arranged. The proposed one self-locking inner sleeve has the advantage, even with very thin ones Cuff materials and therefore little on the inner surface of the pipe portrayed construction to represent a very strong inner sleeve. By the at least double layer of the turns is combined with the a very high profile of the cuff that arises when fitting Rigidity and a very large resistance to radially inwards forces acting. The compulsory elements  sure that the windings of the winding sleeves are radial Expansion with relative displacement, securely aligned one above the other stay. The laterally protruding edges of the inner Cuff winding are applied radially outward acting pressure on the outer edge of the outer turns bent and obliquely in the direction of the inner tube wall bent over that the outer edges of the cuff make a smooth transition form to the inner pipe wall. This has the advantage that the The inside diameter of the pipe is not greatly restricted and not sharp Edges can cause a disturbance in the fluid flow. The thickness of the The material of the turns is the diameter of the pipe to be sealed or channel dependent. Tests show that up to 250 mm in diameter Material thicknesses of less than one millimeter are sufficient.

If the ferrule elements are designed as pins with large end plates, which can be inserted into the openings of the tape turns ensures that the tape turns, which are aligned one above the other, be guided exactly. In addition, the large-area panels ensure that even with high radial forces these plates do not enter the openings can be drawn in. When designed as grub screws, apply the sufficiently large radial forces in a simple manner, it a male thread with a corresponding nut or a Internal thread can act with the corresponding grub screw. The large end plates can be made in one piece with the pen halves or be carried out discreetly. If an inner sleeve has several pins, it is an advantageous solution, the outer plates to one to summarize only one plate, which with discrete execution of the external panels is easily possible. Because the outer panels arranged above the slot-shaped openings in the band windings there are very high radial forces and very thin ones Slabs the incline that the single slabs along the slot openings  buckle and then, if necessary, be drawn into the slots can. This danger is when summarized into one common plate for all pens largely excluded. This common plate can be advantageous across the entire width of the external turns are performed.

In a special embodiment, in which the opening in the inner Winding is a hole and that in the more external Are slots, the position of the ferrule is correct or the pin always with the opening in the inner Coincide. The slot-like design of the openings in the turns lying further out offers the advantage that at inserted pin the turns to change the diameter can be shifted against each other because the change in A shift of the turns of one millimeter in diameter relative to each other by π millimeters and the inner sleeve to unhindered manipulation within the pipe to be renovated should allow greater diameter reduction, there are certainly larger slot lengths. As will be explained in more detail later with internal sockets for use at pipe branch points, where there is a web on the outer turn around a central opening is arranged, lead to significantly longer slots because the Reduction in diameter must also take into account the web height. In Embodiments in which more than one pin in an opening row is arranged, the slot lengths increase by the distances between the pens.

The arrangement of the ratchet between the inner turn and the The next outer turn is useful for a number of reasons. First of all, because of the influence of the material thicknesses superimposed turns of diameter at this point  the smallest possible and in this respect the relative displacement of the turns least to each other. On the other hand, this means, especially with one Embodiment in which the strip of material is a short distance from the End edge of the outer turn is arranged creating a situation that by applying a radially outward pressure the packer to be described later on the material strip protruding end of the outer turn on the edge of the material strip kinked and lightly and evenly outwards against the next inside Winding is directed. This will make the transition smooth Outer contours of the inner sleeve enabled. It also kinks End so strongly pressed against the next inner turn and through the Profiling kept that it is certainly very tight. This effect is reinforced even more when the fastening of the material strip through a row parallel to and at a short distance from the end edge set somewhat thicker weld spots occurs.

An embodiment with a bevel at all four corners of the inner turn, these bevels are positioned such that they open V-shaped cut-outs in a defined effective position form is of great advantage. This enables the through the Packer applied radially outward forces the excess only have to deform in simple material thickness. Otherwise it would be a lot higher forces required for deformation. Advantageous dimensions for the distance of the fastening line from the end edge of the inner turn are around 10 mm for the width and depth of the V-shaped cutout each around 5 to 8 mm.

In a special embodiment, the material strip consists of hard material with spring properties. The strip of material does not have to be deformable like the band section. Rather, its stiffness has that Advantage that the bend according to the pipe diameter  material strips cut as teeth do not follow this bend, but at its end in the circumferential direction quasi tangentially slightly above the survive surrounding material. This will cause the formation of the teeth automatically caused when the strip of material is bent without it requires special deformation. At most it is bigger Pipe diameter requires a slight bend. The slots in the next outer turn have a width in the circumferential direction and a length in which the incised teeth with enough play can intervene. These slit-shaped openings will face outwards covered by the next outer layer of material, this ensures that the teeth automatically against the edge of the abutment forming the slot-shaped opening.

To ensure a sufficiently fine-tuned engagement and definition of the The system of teeth and turns will allow for turns Opening slots expediently in the manner of a vernier division on one another Voted. This can be done, for example, by the distances the tooth cuts and the opening slots are different, but are the same among each other. As a result, as can be seen from the Figure description will still have to be presented in detail, that the grid of fixing to about 1 to 2 mm in the circumferential direction large steps and thus far less than 1 mm in relation to the Diameter can be designed. It is useful for smaller ones Pipelines have a smaller grid difference between tooth and Slot spacing to choose, for example equal to 21.5 minus 20.0 1.5 mm for diameters less than 250 mm and 22.5 minus 20.0 equals 2.5 mm for diameters greater than 250 mm.

When determining the distance of the opening slots in It is advisable to note that the width of the Strips of material between the opening slots is large enough to accommodate one  to form a sufficiently strong abutment for the ratchet teeth. The number the rows with openings and ratchets running side by side be different, but the number of rows of openings should be different be considered to be the number of rows of ratchets so they are symmetrical to each other can be arranged. The distances between the rows are also different expediently to divide symmetrically, so in the inner sleeve there are no tensions caused by asymmetry.

The one between the outer turn and the inner wall of the to be sealed Channel or pipe arranged seal made of compressible material compensates for minor unevenness in addition to its sealing effect. For example, the outer plates of the pins are advantageous in embedded in the surrounding sealing material. In a special one Execution, the seals have circumferential ribs, whereby the Sealing and embedding function is supported effectively.

Inner sleeves that are to be used on pipe branches must corresponding to the junction have openings that connect ensure the pipeline with the branch line. To be safe To be able to connect to the branch line is expedient the outer turn around the appropriately arranged opening around a web perpendicular to the turn is provided. This footbridge protrudes into the pipe branch. The central opening in the outer Winding corresponds approximately to the diameter of the branch, while the corresponding openings in the turns lying further inside expediently be provided somewhat larger, so that light Shifts can be compensated for and not a narrowing of access to the branch line. The one running around the web Seal prevents the intrusive entry of substances or media the branch into the main channel or vice versa. If the pipe Inner sleeve used to close leaks in the main channel  of a branch can be renovated in addition to the one running around the jetty Seal additionally arranged in the circumferential direction of the inner sleeve Seal may be required.

In one embodiment, in which the web is the same over the entire length Height, this fits in when inserting the inner pipe sleeve the sewer pipe to be sealed to the pipe bend and ensures a correspondingly small difference in diameter by which the inner sleeve for Insertion in and for manipulation in the pipeline reduced must become. An embodiment in which more than one per row of openings Mandatory element is provided, allows the use of higher Contact pressure and an additional safeguard for the cohesion of the Coils.

The disadvantages of the known packers are described above. The proposed inner sleeve requires the use of higher radially acting internal pressures than can be represented by known packers. The proposed packer has a very simple structure, is very robust and is capable of representing the required pressures of well over 25 bar. The simple structure of the packer also allows it to be built with such small radial dimensions that it can be used for pipes smaller than DN 100 . The packer structure, which extends around the packer structure and extends axially up to the two jackets, protects the packer structure, which expands when it is loaded, against the inner pipe sleeve. The extension to the stable sheathing of the packer structure also ensures that expansion or bulging of the packer structure is prevented laterally from under the cover layer, even if the diameter of the cover layer is considerably expanded. This effect lasts at least until the inner diameter of the cover layer is expanded by up to four times or, based on the radius, up to twice the material thickness of the packer structure. The stable casing has a material thickness of only a few millimeters. The webs arranged radially one above the other and the rings which can be screwed onto them have approximately the same outer diameter as the ends of the packer structure lying thereon and the stable sheaths surrounding them. This diameter corresponds approximately to the inside diameter of the cover layer.

The stable sheathing for the end areas of the packer structure can be designed, for example, as a compression sleeve or as a pipe clamp. The Press sleeve has the advantage that it requires only a small material thickness and not significantly increased the outside diameter of the packer. she however, the side accessibility required for the proposed packer by the rings to be screwed onto the webs is guaranteed. This is the case with smaller pipe diameters The advantage of enabling a compact design. For larger ones Pipe diameters where the outer diameter of the packer can be chosen correspondingly larger, the solid casing can also be represented by a pipe clamp, which is then a fixed one Connection or an integrated version of the bridge and above arranged rings allows. The stability of the packer and that Avoiding uncontrolled bloating of the packer structure by fixing the outside areas by vulcanizing on the Outer tube advantageously improved. Also the reinforcement of the end areas the top layer through fabric inserts advantageously increases the stability of the Packers. The proposed packer construction allows a flat one Connection of the fluid supply to the outer bores, which are not radial about the dimensions of the webs and rings arranged one above the other protrudes. This favors the compact design and adjusts unhindered manipulation within the pipes to be sealed for sure. In one embodiment, in which the inner tube over the  Double tube formation protrudes axially to the rear and on this projecting part of the inner tube, a camera brings great Advantages of remote manipulation of the packer. Especially It is advantageous in the proposed construction that the wiring the camera through the inner tube to a manipulation station is feasible.

From the proposed inner sleeve and the proposed packer a system is formed which is advantageous for the repair of leaks Pipelines or channels can be used. The extension of the Packer cover layer in the axial direction corresponds at least to the width of the Inner sleeve. It is very advantageous that the inner sleeve in front Introduced into the pipeline to be rehabilitated on the packer can be and then introduced into the pipeline with the help of the packer can be. To manipulate the integrated system, either appropriate manipulator can be attached to the packer or that Inner tube can also be extended to the manipulation side in such a way that this can be used as a manipulation aid. The positioning of the Systems made up of packer and inner sleeve can either be accurate through previous Surveying or by one on the of the manipulation station camera remote from the packer side. To avoid uncontrolled inflation of the packer structure, it is expedient, the system of packer and inner sleeve for the different Select pipe diameter with graduated packer sizes. It is useful if the diameter jumps of the packers used are less than four times the material thickness of the packer structure.

The proposed method has the advantage that when it is used the inherent possibilities of the proposed inner sleeve, the Packers and the system of inner sleeve and packer in an advantageous manner can be implemented and used. The inner sleeve, such as  previously described by the packer at the location to be renovated be positioned, but also by other systems such as for example by a newt.

The described and other advantages are clearly illustrated in the description of exemplary embodiments, which are enclosed in Drawing are shown. In it shows

Figure 1 shows the development of a tape section without branch opening, from which the inner sleeve is formed in the form of a winding sleeve.

Fig. 2 is the provision of a band portion having branch ports;

Fig. 3 is a sectional view of a channel arranged in a pipe sleeve in a non-tensioned state;

. Fig. 3a is an enlarged detail of the sleeve according to Fig 3 in the region on both sides of the Zwingelemente;

Fig. 4 is a sectional view of a cuff with a branch aperture or exit socket, otherwise similar to Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a sectional view of a packer and

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of a sleeve / inner sleeve arranged in the sewer pipe and resting thereon.

The band section 13 shown in FIG. 1 has an overall length which corresponds to at least twice the inner circumference of the sewer pipe. On the left side of the illustration, the section which is wider by the overhang 14 on both sides and on the right side of the illustration the narrower part of the band section 13 can be seen. The four edges of the wider section have beveled edges 15 . The wider section forms the inner turn of the sleeve 2 in the wound state. A strip of material 23 is attached to the outer surface of the inner turn near the inner edge of the band section 13 , which is the left side edge in the illustration, by welding spots 8 . Tooth cuts 18 are present in the material strip 23 . The teeth 22 formed therefrom together with the opening slots 19 present in the narrow part of the band section 13 form a so-called ratchet. In the left part, at least one opening / bore 16 is symmetrically present in the band section 13 and in the material strip 23 . At the same distance from the center, two opening slots 17 are provided in the narrow part of the band section 13 . The distance between the openings 16 and 17 or between the two openings / slots 17 corresponds in each case at least to the inner circumference of the sewer pipe 4 .

For insertion into the interior of the tube, the band section 13 is wound up to form an inner sleeve 2 with at least two turns. The turn formed by the wide part of the band section 13 lies inside and the at least one further turn formed from the narrow part of the band section 13 lies around the inner turn and so on. When the sleeve is wrapped, through the opening / bores 16 of the inner turn and the material strip 23 and through the opening / slots 17 in the outer turns, compulsory elements 5 are inserted, which have large plates across the pin axis at both ends. If the inner sleeve 2 is then widened by internal pressure such that the outer turn bears against the inner surface of the sewer pipe 4 , the outer turns are enlarged, the pin-like ferrule elements 5 being fixed in the opening / bore 16 and being moved through the opening / slots 17 . When expanding, the side projections 14 are angled over the at least one outer turn such that the side edges rest on the inner surface of the sewer pipe 4 . In the same way, the inner edge region is bent over the material strip 23 thickened by the welding points in such a way that the inner edge of the band section 13 bears firmly against the inner surface of the sewer pipe 4 .

The length of the wide part of the band section 13 is dimensioned such that it forms an inner turn in the winding. After formation of the inner turn, the four bevels 15 lie one above the other in such a way that they form open V-shaped cut-outs in the defined operative position. This avoids the fact that the lateral protrusion that is to be bent during expansion is double-layered, which would disproportionately increase the resistance to deformation.

When the windings are wound up, the material strip 23 attached to the inner winding is also bent accordingly, so that the teeth 22 arranged in it have no connection at their section edges with the surrounding material. Because of the rigidity of the material, e.g. As spring steel, the strip 23 as a whole although the strip of material 23 bent while the cut teeth 22 this bending does not join, with the result that they are quasi-tangentially to the outside. At an interval of an inner circumferential length, 13 opening slots 19 are arranged in the narrower part of the band section. The part in which the opening slots 19 are arranged forms the next outer turn when it is wound up, which lies on the outer surface of the inner turn. When the wound cuff expands, the teeth 22 formed from the tooth cuts ratchet through the opening slots 19 . The distances between the tooth cuts 18 in the circumferential direction are somewhat larger than the distances between the opening slots 19 , the outermost turn covers the area of the inner turn with the opening slots. As a result, the teeth 22 are automatically guided against the edge of the slot-shaped openings 19 forming the abutment. Even if the teeth 22 should be exposed further, they cannot come into contact with the sewer pipe. In order to enable a sufficiently fine-tuned engagement and fixing of the turns to one another, which prevents the winding sleeve from collapsing to a smaller diameter when the internal pressure is removed and to fine-tune this engagement of the teeth in the opening slots, the system of teeth and Opening slots appropriately coordinated in the manner of a vernier division. It takes place in that the distances between the tooth cuts and those of the opening slots are different, but the same among one another. It can thereby be achieved that the rastering of the fixing to steps of approximately 1 to 2 mm in circumferential direction and thus also far less than 1 mm in terms of the diameter is designed. For example, in the arrangement of tooth cuts 18 with a spacing of 16 mm in the circumferential direction, there are finely coordinated latching slots 19 with a width in the circumferential direction of 5 mm and a spacing between the opening slots of 10 mm with the slight grid difference of 1.0 mm, which is also suitable for sewer pipes of smaller diameters, for example 100 to 150 mm. For pipe diameters larger than 250 mm, a somewhat larger grid difference is expediently chosen.

In FIG. 2, the processing of a strip section 13 is shown, the branch openings 20 and at its two ends Abzweigausnehmungen 21, to use it in the range of pipe branches. Otherwise, the explanations in connection with FIG. 1 also essentially apply to the band section shown in FIG. 2. Another difference is that here two openings / bores 16 are arranged in each of the two symmetrically arranged opening lines. As a result, the voltage with which the windings are fixed against one another by tightening the forced element inserted through the opening. The friction is increased accordingly. Around the branch opening 20 in the outermost turn, that is the one arranged on the right in the illustration, an outwardly projecting web is formed, which forms an outlet connection piece, and projects into the pipe branch. The branch opening 20 arranged in the region of the transition between the wider and narrower part of the band section has a somewhat larger diameter than the branch opening in the outermost turn, so that there is free access from the inside of the sleeve to the pipe branch even when the turns are slightly displaced from one another. The branch 21 on the two end edges of the band section are designed so that they leave the outlet profile free from both sides when winding.

In Fig. 3 is a sectional view, arranged in a channel tube 4 inner sleeve 1 prior to expansion of the cuff 2 by applying a radially acting internal pressure and therefore before installation of the seal 3 and the outer turn of the inner wall of the sewer pipe 4. It can be clearly seen that the seal 3 is arranged between the sewer pipe and the outer turn of the sleeve 2 . The seal 3 consists of a compressible material that can be selected application-specifically, for. B. rubber for drinking water pipes and PU for sewage pipes. An advantageous hardness of the materials is about 50 to 60 shore. Typical compression values are for a seal of almost 5 mm thickness, such that it is compressed to a thickness of approximately 3.5 mm. The structure and location of an advantageous embodiment of the urging element 5 can also be clearly seen. This ferrule is constructed like a pin and has at both ends a large plate perpendicular to the pin axis, which is designed as a flat lens head towards the interior, while the outer plate here is a threaded screw with a hexagon nut head. This makes it possible, after winding up the sleeve 2 and before inserting the sleeve into the sewer pipe 4, to firmly tighten the ferrule elements 5 and thus press the various turns against one another with high force. In the illustrated embodiment, two ferrule elements 5 are arranged one behind the other in the circumferential direction on an opening line, whereby the friction of the windings pressed against one another can be increased significantly. The friction achieved by this type of screw connection and the arrangement "layer on layer" corresponds to a radial internal pressure equivalent of at least 8 to 9 bar. It can be assumed that when the radial internal pressure is applied, for example by a packer or other type of expander, something only moves at an internal pressure of 12 to 15 bar, that is to say the sleeve expands to a larger diameter and the coils pressed against one another relatively move each other. It is therefore advantageous that the new packer can display operating pressures of 30 bar.

In the illustration in Fig. 3 can be clearly seen, that is welded onto the outside of the inner winding of the strip of material 6 with toothed sections 18th The welding is expediently carried out by spot welding 8 and is arranged only relatively short behind the inner end of the inner turn. Due to the material thickness of the material strip 6 and additionally due to the welding spots, there is a certain distance between the inner and the next outer turn even in the fully expanded state. The result of this is that the end of the inner turn projecting beyond the welding points 8 and the inner end edge of the material strip 6 is bent in such a way that the inner end edge of the inner turn lies directly against the next outer turn. In the same way, the lateral projections 14 , by which the inner turn is wider than the next outer turns, are kinked when the radial internal pressure is applied.

In the case of the middle turn in the illustration, the turn section 7 with opening slots arranged immediately to the right of the right ferrule 5 can be seen. It can also be clearly seen that the teeth 22 , which rise due to the bending of the material strip 6 to the outside, cooperates with the winding section 7 and the opening slots arranged therein, which together form the so-called ratchet. An advantageous embodiment of the seal 3 is shown , which still has tips running in the circumferential direction on the sewer pipe side. This is particularly advantageous because, during compression, the tips rest on the inner surface of the sewer pipe with increased pressure and the outer plate of the ferrule elements is well enclosed by the seal.

The illustration in FIG. 3 shows that when using a plurality of compulsory elements either in the circumferential direction one behind the other or also in the axial direction next to one another, the large-area plates on the outside can be connected to form a large plate as a whole. This could then be carried out expediently by using setscrews with conical countersunk heads and corresponding bores in the large common plate. The large-area plate at the end of the ferrule elements has the advantage that, even when the ferrule elements are tightened very firmly, there is no danger that the plate can be pulled through the openings, in particular not through the opening / slots 19 .

In FIG. 3a, section IIIa from FIG. 3 is shown enlarged.

Fig. 4 shows the sectional view of a sleeve with branch opening or outlet connection, otherwise it is very similar to the illustration in Fig. 3. In addition to the seal 3, not shown here, and the surrounding sewer pipe 4 , the essential differences of the sleeve shown in Fig. 4 are see that an annular seal 9 is arranged around the outlet connection 10 . In addition, the recesses 20 are provided here in the outer turn and in the middle turn in alignment with the opening of the outlet connector 10 and in the two end edges of the inner and the outer turn the branch recesses 21 , which are shown in relation to their position and dimension in connection with FIG. 2 and are described.

In Fig. 5 is a sectional view of a packer 100 is shown. It can be clearly seen that the packer 100 consists of a concentric double tube 101 , 102 on which the other parts of the packer are mounted. The space between the two tubes 101 and 102 is used for fluid distribution. The fluid is supplied to the packer 100 via a pipe connection 111 . The pipe connection is built radially so flat that it does not protrude beyond the other packer parts mounted on the double pipe. The pipe connection 111 is fastened on the pipe 101 above the bore 104 for the fluid supply. Apart from the fluid supply, the packer is otherwise essentially symmetrical. The axially outer boundary of the other packer parts is formed by two circumferential webs 110 or the cover layer 112 . The outer peripheral surface of the webs 110 has a screw thread onto which a screw ring 109 can be screwed. The packer structure 105 extends between the two webs and advantageously has a fabric strengthening 106 in its end regions. These end regions are vulcanized onto the outer tube 101 . On the end portions of the packer structure of the screw is pushed 109 on both sides of a compression sleeve / locking sleeve 113 before screwing. A cover layer 112 is arranged axially between the two press sleeves 113 in the form of a tube, the two end regions of which also expediently also have a reinforcing fabric insert. In the outer double tube 101 in the area under the packer structure 105 , which is neither vulcanized on the tube 101 nor surrounded on the outside by the press sleeve 113 , there is a bore 103 for the fluid discharge from the space between the two tubes into the area below the free expandable packer structure 105 arranged. This construction of the packer 100 has the advantage that the packer structure 105 does not expand like a balloon, but rather expands and bulges relatively uniformly over the axial extent of the packer structure between the two compression sleeves and thus in the area under the cover layer 112 . Due to the structure, working pressures of about 30 bar can be represented with such a packer without difficulty. In addition, this packer construction has the advantage that the outer diameter of the entire packer, which is essentially determined by the outer diameter of the screw ring 109 or the cover layer 112 , is very small overall, so that it can also be used in relatively small ducts or pipe dimensions. The inner tube 102 can be extended beyond the actual packer area and is suitable for accommodating cables for the camera and control.

Very simplified Fig. 6 shows the perspective view of a channel arranged in the tube 4 and on that adjacent sleeve 2 and inner sleeve 1. The inner sleeve 1 arranged in the sewer pipe 4 and fully expanded in the situation shown has been cut open very schematically in order to show the structure of the sleeve and the interaction with the seal 3 . It can be clearly seen that the inner sleeve 1 clings well to the inner surface of the sewer pipe 4 with flat transitions and thus does not build up large flow resistances in the sewer pipe 4 . This is additionally supported by the slightly lenticular curvature of the outer plate of the compulsory element 5 .

Reference list

1

Inner sleeve

2nd

cuff

3rd

poetry

4th

Sewer pipe

5

Compulsory element

6

Strips of material with tooth cuts

7

Winding section with opening slots

8th

Spot welding / welding spots

9

Sealing ring

10th

Outlet connection

11

web

13

Band section

16

Opening / drilling

17th

Opening / slots

15

Bevel

14

Side protrusion

18th

Tooth cuts

19th

slot

20th

Branch opening

21

Branch recess

22

tooth

100

packer

101

Double tube, outer tube

102

Double tube, inner tube

103

Bore / fluid drainage

104

Bore / fluid supply

105

Packer structures

106

Fabric insert

107

Vulcanization

109

Screw ring

110

web

111

Pipe connection for fluid supply

112

Top layer

113

Press sleeve / clamping bush

Claims (30)

1.Self-locking inner sleeve for tight contact with inner pipe walls with a sleeve ( 2 ) made of an elastic, firm and deformable material which overlaps at its ends in the circumferential direction and has a ratchet acting in the circumferential direction, and a circumferential seal ( 3 ) an elastic, compressible material which is arranged between the sleeve ( 2 ) and the inner surface of the tube ( 4 ), characterized in that the sleeve ( 2 ) consists of a band section ( 13 ) with a length of at least twice the inner circumference of the tube ( 4 ) and a thickness of 0.25 to 2.0, preferably about 0.5 mm and is arranged in turns one above the other inside the tube, the edges of the inner turn protrude laterally over about a circumferential length, in the circumferential direction in at least one row, in the case a plurality of openings ( 17 ) are arranged in rows next to one another, the spacing of which in the circumferential direction is approximately the In NEN circumference of the tube ( 4 ) corresponds to the fact that each row of openings ( 17 ) has at least one urging element ( 5 ) with which the at least two superposed band windings are held together under pressure, and that the seal ( 3 ) is arranged up to the protruding edges . 2. Inner sleeve according to claim 1, characterized in that the urging element ( 5 ) is designed as a pin, at the two ends of which large plates are arranged transversely to the pin axis, of which at least one plate is releasably fixed, the distance between the plates being adjustable and the pin can be inserted into the openings ( 4 ) of the at least two superposed band windings in such a way that the windings are held together under pressure between the large-area plates. 3. Inner sleeve according to claim 2, characterized in that the Pin has a thread, by means of which the removable tarpaulin Screws can be fixed. 4. Inner sleeve according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that in the case of several pins per sleeve ( 2 ) the respective outer plates are combined to form a single plate. 5. Inner sleeve according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the openings ( 17 ) are designed such that the opening in the inner turn is a bore ( 16 ) into which the ferrule ( 5 ) or the pin can be inserted , and the openings (17) in the more outer turns of slots in the circumferential direction corresponds approximately to the width of the bore diameter and whose length in the circumferential direction makes it possible that the turns at the inserted Zwingelementen (5) are mutually displaced in such an overlapping manner in the circumferential direction relative to each other can be that the outer diameter of the winding sleeve ( 2 ) can be changed between a largest diameter corresponding to the inner diameter of the tube ( 4 ) and a smallest diameter that allows manipulation of the winding sleeve ( 2 ) inside the tube. 6. Inner sleeve according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the side edges of the sleeve ( 2 ) the transition from the inner turn to the overlap narrower on both sides next outer turn is chamfered and the end edges are broken with substantially the same helix angle , wherein in a fixed position the bevels ( 15 ) lie one above the other at both ends of the inner turn such that they form open V-shaped cutouts on both sides. 7. Inner sleeve according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ratchet is designed such that a strip of material ( 6 ) is attached to the outer surface of the inner turn, preferably at a short distance from the end edge of the inner turn by welding spots ( 8 ) , The material strip ( 6 ) in the circumferential direction one behind the other having teeth ( 22 ) running transversely thereto, which can be fixed against corresponding abutments on the next outer turn. 8. Inner sleeve according to claim 7, characterized in that the material strip ( 6 ) made of hard material with spring properties, preferably made of stainless steel of about 0.5 mm thickness and the teeth ( 22 ) are designed so that they extend transversely to the circumferential direction in the material strip ( 6 ) is cut in, the two ends of the cut ending so that the end of the cut runs in the circumferential direction, and that the abutment in the next outer turn is formed by slots ( 19 ) in the sleeve material transverse to the circumferential direction, whose front edge in the winding direction represents the abutment, and the outer turn is so long that it covers the slots ( 19 ) in the next inner turn. 9. Inner sleeve according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that tooth cuts ( 18 ) and opening slots ( 9 ) are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction to each other, which differ in tooth cuts ( 18 ) and opening slots ( 19 ) between the different tooth cuts and the different However, the opening slots are each the same size, the division of the distances between the tooth cuts ( 18 ) compared to the division of the distances between the opening slots ( 19 ) being similar to a vernier division. 10. Inner sleeve according to claim 9, characterized in that the ratchet for pipes smaller than about 250 mm in diameter from 10 tooth cuts with a distance to each other in the circumferential direction of 21.5 mm and 11 slots ( 19 ) of 5 mm width and 20 mm distance in Circumferential direction and for pipes larger than about 250 mm in diameter is formed from 10 tooth slots ( 19 ) with a spacing of 22.5 mm and 15 slots ( 19 ) each with a width of 5 mm and a grid spacing of 20 mm in the circumferential direction. 11. Inner sleeve according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized characterized in that they have a row of openings centrally in the circumferential direction and a row of ratchets on both sides at equal intervals having. 12. Inner sleeve according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized characterized in that they are centrally a row of ratchets and one row of openings at the same distance on both sides of it having.   13. Inner sleeve according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized characterized in that in each case n rows of openings and n ± 1 rows of ratchets are essentially parallel to each other, the distances between the rows being symmetrical. 14. Inner sleeve according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the seal has ribs in the circumferential direction, the rest against the inner wall of the pipe. 15. Inner sleeve according to claim 14, characterized in that the Ribs are arranged side by side in parallel and a pointed top edge exhibit. 16. Inner sleeve according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each turn has a central branch opening ( 20 ), the opening ( 20 ) in the outer turn corresponds to the diameter of a line branch and surrounded by a web ( 11 ) perpendicular to the turn and the openings ( 20 ) in the inner turns have a slightly larger diameter than those in the outer turn, the openings having a distance in the circumferential direction which corresponds to the inner circumference of the tube taking into account the material thicknesses, and a circumferential seal around the web ( 9 ) is provided between the outer turn and the inner tube wall. 17. Inner sleeve according to claim 16, characterized in that the web ( 11 ) has the same height over the entire circumference. 18. Inner sleeve according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has more than one urging element ( 5 ) or a pin per row of openings ( 17 ). 19. Having a packer for applying a radially outward pressure

• a double-walled tube, the concentric tube walls ( 101 , 102 ) of which enclose a sealed annular space which is accessible via at least two bores ( 103 , 104 ) present in the outer tube,
• two circumferential annular webs ( 110 ) which are fastened on the outer tube ( 101 ) at a distance from one another in the longitudinal direction, at least one bore ( 103 ) being arranged between the webs ( 110 ) and at least one bore ( 104 ) outside the webs,
• a packer structure ( 105 ) arranged in a tube-like manner between the webs, the inner surface of which rests tightly on the outer tube ( 101 ) and is fixed on the outside in the respective end region by an annular, stable casing ( 113 ),
• - two rings ( 109 ), each of which can be axially screwed onto the webs ( 110 ) from the outside and, in the screwed-on position, bear axially against the outer end of the casing ( 113 ),
• - A tubular cover layer ( 112 ) which is arranged axially between the two jackets ( 113 ) on the outside around the tubular packer structure ( 105 ) and preferably has a reinforcing fabric insert ( 106 ) in the end regions.

20. Packer according to claim 19, characterized in that the stable casing ( 113 ) is designed as a press sleeve or pipe clamp and the packer structure ( 105 ) at least in the end regions which are covered by the press sleeves ( 113 ) by vulcanizing ( 107 ) on the Outer tube ( 101 ) is attached. 21. Packer of claim 19 or 20, characterized in that the packer structure (105) fixed in the region inside of the outer tube (101) and the outside is at least covered by the compression sleeve (113) having a fabric reinforcement (106) . 22. Packer according to one of claims 19 to 21, characterized in that the at least one bore ( 103 ) in the outer tube ( 101 ) between the webs ( 110 ) is arranged in the area which is not attached to the outer tube ( 101 ) Packer fabric ( 105 ) lies. 23. Packer according to one of claims 19 to 22, characterized in that the outer diameter of the rings ( 109 ) screwed onto the webs ( 110 ) and of the press sleeves ( 113 ) surrounding the end regions of the packer structure are approximately the same size. 24. Packer according to one of claims 19 to 23, characterized in that on the at least one outside of the annular webs ( 110 ) arranged bore ( 104 ) a fluid supply ( 111 ) is tightly connected, the supply in the radial direction not over the outer contour the screwed rings ( 109 ) and the compression sleeves protrude. 25. Packer according to one of claims 19 to 24, characterized in that the inner tube ( 102 ) protrudes at least at one end over the double tube formation and on the projecting part a camera is arranged, the wiring through the inner tube ( 102 ) to the opposite side arranged manipulation station is feasible. 26. Packer according to one of claims 19 to 25 for use with an inner sleeve according to one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that the extension of the packer cover layer ( 112 ) in the axial direction of the double tube ( 101 , 102 ) at least the width of the Inner sleeve ( 1 ) corresponds. 27. A method for the internal sealing of pipes or ducts, characterized in that an inner sleeve ( 1 ) according to one of claims 1 to 18 is introduced into a pipe ( 4 ) to be sealed or supported and is positioned at the point to be sealed, according to a packer ( 100 ) one of claims 19 to 26 is positioned within the inner sleeve ( 1 ) and is subjected to fluid pressure such that its outer diameter increases radially, whereby the turns of the inner pipe sleeve are displaced relative to each other while increasing the diameter until the outer turn with the seal ( 3 ) firmly against the inner wall of the tube ( 4 ) or the channel and the laterally protruding part of the inner turn is angled in the direction of the inner tube wall in such a way that the lateral edges lie firmly against the inner tube wall, the teeth ( 22 ) of the ratchet arranged between the turns against the abutment of the associated n Lock the opening slots ( 19 ) so that after the packer ( 100 ) has been locked it can be relaxed and withdrawn from the pipeline ( 4 ). 28. The method according to claim 27, characterized in that the windings of the inner tube sleeve are compressed under pressure when introduced into the tube ( 4 ) and firmly clamped by the urging elements ( 5 ). 29. The method according to claim 27 or 28, characterized in that the packer ( 100 ) is guided with the aid of a camera in the pipeline ( 4 ) to the point to be sealed, the cabling of the camera through the channel inside the inner tube ( 102 ) of the Packers ( 100 ) guided and forwarded to the pipe access point. 30. The method according to any one of claims 27 to 29, characterized in that the tube inner sleeve is arranged on the packer ( 100 ) before insertion into the tube ( 4 ) and is introduced into the tube in this way.