DE19906618A1 - Making flanged fibrous pipe composites commences with angled winding onto cores, forming layered structure, followed by end trimming and rotating to raise flanges, with assistance from external pressing molds defining final geometry - Google Patents

Abstract

A layered structure (8) is wound on the shaft- (1) supported cores (2, 3, 4) at a winding angle of 5 deg -45 deg . End cores (3, 4) define the portions to be flanged, the center core (2) defining a substantially-unchanging region. Winding complete, the winding end-return regions are cut off at gaps (14). Gaps are formed by spacer washers (7) between discs (5, 6) and outer cores (3, 4). The central region of the composite is pressed by an outer collar mold acting against a stop, holding the composite both in place on the core, and to the correct dimensions. Before hardening, the assembly is rotated to lift the edges of the composite (e.g. centrifugally). These are further widened and pressed by end molds with stops, to define the final form of the flanges. An Independent claim is included for corresponding forming equipment.

Description

State of the art

Pipes and containers made of FRP are usually under internal pressure. This burden is optimally absorbed by circumferential windings and cross windings. However, flanges must absorb the screwing forces. So that's it Transition point between flange and tubular section subjected to bending stress and requires appropriately oriented fiber layers. From the point of view of Winding technology represents a leap in diameter, which is only possible with local thickening pure circumferential winding can be produced. Such a method is described in DE 39 22 335 C1 described. The resulting collar only serves as a system for a steel flange and is not able to absorb screwing forces.

DE 35 03 194 A1 describes the structural design of a flange-like one Connection between a FRP pipe and a steel flange Tube end is wrapped around a conical surface with a precisely fitting conical surface of the metallic partner correlated. The screwing takes place under the corresponding angle. This type of connection is not with DIN-compliant components can be combined and is only a special solution.

DE 29 27 955 A1 describes the manufacture of a coupling made of FRP for connection two drive shafts. A disc of size is placed on the mandrel the clutch disc wrapped. The disadvantage is the loss of this disc must be washed out after curing. This process creates an inseparable connection between two pipe ends, but no detachable flange.

Method and device for forming flanges is described in DE 40 05 771 C1 described. The material for the flange areas is made using expansion bodies wrapped, then the laminate is cut open on the expansion bodies. The  Laminate from the panes to the turning zones is completely waste and wasted winding time at the same time. They are also of great disadvantage restricted geometric relationships between the length of the tubular Section and the diameter of the expansion body. In the case of steep (circumferential) The winding angle is the transition zone from the tubular section Spreading body diameter short, but the laminate is almost not deformable or expandable. With an increasingly flat (near-axis) winding angle, the width of the Transition zone and reduces the length of the tubular section with the Factor 2. The length of the tubular section is for real ones Geometry relationships of DIN-compliant flanges are fixed and are therefore included this method cannot be implemented.

Another disadvantage is that they are unclean as a result of knife trimming Outside edges of the flanges, which require mechanical reworking. The The method is only suitable for thin-walled components, to achieve large ones The components have to have wall thicknesses using additional processes such as fiber resin spraying or hand laminated.

Aim of the invention

The aim of the invention is a method and for carrying out the method Appropriate devices for the production of standard flanges Container flanges and flanges on drive units enabled. The Fiber strands must be placed at such winding angles that in the Flange areas an optimal fiber orientation to accommodate the Bolting forces arise. The method must also be used for thick-walled laminates, i.e. H. real flange thicknesses, must be feasible and the geometry of the components must not restrict.

The material to be wound should largely become part of the component in order to avoid waste avoid high quality fibers. The flanges must be reworked get final form.  

Solution of the technical problem

The technical problem is solved according to the invention in that the middle core ( 2 ) and the cores ( 3 ) and ( 4 ) are wound on a shaft ( 1 ), preferably at an angle of 5 ° -45 °, in the first process step, the middle core ( 2 ) has the contour of the later component and the cores ( 3 ) and ( 4 ) are then formed on both sides so that the volume of the laminate to be formed can be placed on them. This means that almost the entire winding material becomes part of the component.

The cores ( 3 ) and ( 4 ) are closed on both sides by pin carriers ( 5 ) and ( 6 ), which result in a short turning zone and a precise winding pattern. The wound laminate ( 8 ) is deposited on the cores ( 2 ), ( 3 ) and ( 4 ) in the wall thickness required for the component. After the winding process has been completed, the material of the turning zones is separated. For this purpose, there are preferably spacers ( 7 ) between the cores ( 3 ) and ( 4 ) and the pin carriers ( 5 ) and ( 6 ), which form a gap ( 14 ) and thus make it easier to cut through the laminate, the gap also being formed by others technical solutions can be achieved. After the laminate has been cut off, the spacers ( 7 ) and the pin carriers ( 5 ) and ( 6 ) can be removed.

Then an external press mold ( 9 ) is placed, which determines the contour of the component in the circumferential direction. The shape must be at least in two parts to ensure removal from the mold, but can be closed from two half-shells above the core or pushed axially over the core. The position of the outer mold ( 9 ) can be fixed precisely over the middle core ( 2 ) via stops ( 12 ) to the outer mold, lying against the cores ( 3 ) or ( 4 ).

In the second process step, the wound laminate ( 8 ) is expanded by technical aids into the forming state ( 15 ) with a slow rotary movement, further formed into the forming states ( 16 ) and ( 17 ) and pressed onto the external compression mold ( 9 ), the forming states ( 15 ), ( 16 ) and ( 17 ) have smooth transitions.

Finally, end molds ( 10 ) and ( 11 ) are pushed over the cores ( 3 ) and ( 4 ), pressed and hardened in this position, fixed by the stops for the end molds ( 13 ). The laminate is fixed in the deformed state ( 17 ). This gives the component an all-round pressed and rework-free surface.

The general procedure is to have a wrapped laminate in front of the Hardening is formed one or more times and that local Thickening, sloping flanges, conical areas and stepped or curved transitions to other diameters and combinations of these be shaped.

field of use

Components manufactured according to the invention can be used as one-sided and two-sided Flanges on pipes, connecting components between different Pipe diameters with flange-shaped ends and equipment of the Pipeline construction with flange-shaped ends.

The tubular part can have any windable cross sections and the cross section can change over the axis of rotation.

The flanges can also be molded to any container and pressure vessel, as well on clutch-like parts and on drive shafts.

The method is generally applicable to windable components, the discontinuities have in their longitudinal profile and therefore not exclusively in the winding process but have to be produced by winding and forming.

Due to the load-bearing fiber storage, it is possible to use steel Record screwing forces and z. B. Steel fittings by essential to replace lighter fiber composite constructions.  

Embodiment

The method according to the invention and the device for producing corresponding components are explained using the following exemplary embodiment:

Show this

Fig. 1 in cross section the winding core of the present invention with coiled laminate,

Fig. 2 in cross section schematically the expansion and deformation of the laminate and

Fig. 3 in cross section the laminate in the finally formed and pressed on all sides.

The winding core shown in Fig. 1 consists of the shaft 1 , the middle core 2 and the cores 3 and 4 , covered with the wound laminate 8 , the cores 2 , 3 and 4 having any windable cross-section. The middle core 2 corresponds to the inner contour of a flange. The cores 3 and 4 are designed so that the volume of the laminate to be formed can be deposited on them by winding. In the first process step, the winding core is preferably wound at an angle of 5 ° -45 ° to the required wall thickness, the turning is carried out via the pin carriers 5 and 6 . After completion of the winding process, the laminate is cut in the gap 14 , which is preferably formed by spacers 7 , between the pin carriers 5 and 6 and the cores 3 and 4 according to FIG. 2. The pin carriers 5 , 6 and associated laminate are removed. In the conical area, the laminate is fixed by an external die 9 , which in turn receives its dimensional reference to the central core 2 via the stop 12 .

In the second process step, the laminate is lifted from the cores 3 and 4 by a rotary movement using technical means, and expanded according to FIG. 2, brought into the successive forming states 15 and 16 and finally in accordance with FIG. 3 in the forming state 17 by end-side press molds 10 and 11 pressed and dimensionally fixed by the stops 13 on the outer die 9 . In the exemplary embodiment, a part is created with flange-shaped ends on both sides, the thickening of the flange regions being achieved by the multiple reshaping of the laminate.

Reference list

1

wave

2nd

Middle core

3rd

core

4th

core

5

Pin carrier

6

Pin carrier

7

Spacers

8th

Wrapped laminate

9

External mold

10th

Face mold

11

Face mold

12th

Stop for external press mold

13

Stop for end mold

14

gap

15

Forming condition

16

Forming condition

17th

Forming condition

Claims (2)

1. A process for the production of components from fiber composite plastics which have any cross-section in the central region and a flange-like structure at one or both ends, a core being wound with a cross winding and parts of the laminate subsequently being formed, characterized in that
that in the first process step on the cores ( 3 ), ( 4 ) and the central core ( 2 ) seated on a shaft ( 1 ) a wound laminate ( 8 ) is wound at winding angles of preferably 5 ° to 45 °, the volume of the wound laminates ( 8 ) in the area of the central core ( 2 ) corresponds to the volume of the tubular section of the component and in the area of the cores ( 3 ) and ( 4 ) corresponds to the volume of the areas to be subsequently shaped, so that after the winding process has been completed, the laminate of the turning zones begins the gap ( 14 ) between pin carriers ( 5 ) and ( 6 ) and cores ( 3 ) and ( 4 ), which is preferably formed by spacers ( 7 ), is separated, that the laminate in the middle part is then separated by an external die ( 9 ) by the stop ( 12 ) is fixed to the outer die precisely over the middle core ( 2 ),
that in the second process step, the laminate on the cores ( 3 ) and ( 4 ) is lifted from the core by a technical means before the curing under a rotational movement of the winding core, expanded into the forming state ( 15 ), further formed into the forming state ( 16 ) and in Forming state ( 17 ) is applied to the external mold and pressed by the end-side molds ( 10 ) and ( 11 ), the end-side molds ( 10 ) and ( 11 ) using stops ( 13 ) to fix the component end dimension to the end molds. 2. Device for performing the method according to claim 1, characterized in that on a shaft ( 1 ) a central core ( 2 ) and the cores ( 3 ) and ( 4 ) with any cross-section that can be wound and to limit the pin carrier ( 5 ) on both sides and ( 6 ) are arranged, preferably between the cores ( 3 ) and ( 4 ) and the pin carriers ( 5 ) and ( 6 ) spacers ( 7 ) are arranged so that the central core ( 2 ) is designed so that its contour the inner contour of the tubular section of the component corresponds to the fact that the cores ( 3 ) and ( 4 ) are designed so that they are able to accommodate the volume of the laminate to be formed, that an at least two-part outer mold ( 9 ) is designed such that it corresponds to the outer contour of the tubular section, the contour of the mutually facing end faces of the flanges and the circumferential contour of the flanges, that the external mold ( 9 ) dimensioned via the stop ( 12 ) It can be fixed precisely over the central core ( 2 ) in such a way that the end-side molds ( 10 ) and ( 11 ) are designed such that they can be moved on the cores ( 3 ) and ( 4 ), corresponding to the contour of the sides of the flanges facing away from one another and that the end positions on the cores ( 3 ) and ( 4 ) are fixed by the stops ( 13 ) for the end molds.