DE19900121A1 - Piston with locally deformed and refined high-ductility structure, with deformation taking place in solid or plastic state - Google Patents

Piston with locally deformed and refined high-ductility structure, with deformation taking place in solid or plastic state

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Publication number
DE19900121A1
DE19900121A1 DE1999100121 DE19900121A DE19900121A1 DE 19900121 A1 DE19900121 A1 DE 19900121A1 DE 1999100121 DE1999100121 DE 1999100121 DE 19900121 A DE19900121 A DE 19900121A DE 19900121 A1 DE19900121 A1 DE 19900121A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
piston
bowl
deformed
solid
components
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
DE1999100121
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Siegfried Mielke
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to DE1999100121 priority Critical patent/DE19900121A1/en
Publication of DE19900121A1 publication Critical patent/DE19900121A1/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
    • B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
    • B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
    • B23K20/1275—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding involving metallurgical change
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00—Pistons 
    • F02F3/26—Pistons  having combustion chamber in piston head

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)

Abstract

The piston (1) is deformed in the solid or plastic state, without appreciable exceeding of the solidus line of the material to be deformed, so that no phases, or only the low-melting-point ones, which take little part in the material to be deformed, pass into the liquid state during the deformation. The deformed structure, when ground, reveals laminations.

Description

Hintergrund: Kolben für direkt einspritzende Dieselmotoren (DI-Dieselmotoren) besitzen im Kolbenboden eine Verbrennungsmulde in der sich zu Verbrennungsbeginn die Hauptmasse der Verbrennungsluft befindet und in der im wesentlichen die Verbrennung des in die Mulde eingespritzten Kraftstoffs abläuft. Nach Verbrennungsbeginn umströmt das aus der Mulde in den Hauptbrennraum austretende teilverbrannte Gemisch den Rand der Mulde und heizt diesen sehr stark auf. In Überlagerung von mechanischen und thermischen Spannungen kommt es am Muldenrand zu Rissen. Die Erfahrung hat gezeigt, daß ein feinkörniges Gefüge den Rißbeginn deutlich hinauszögern und so die Lebensdauer des Kolbens vervielfachen kann.Background: Pistons for direct injection diesel engines (DI diesel engines) have a combustion bowl in the piston crown Start of combustion the main mass of the combustion air is located in the essentially the combustion of the fuel injected into the trough expires. After the start of combustion, this flows out of the trough into the Main combustion chamber exiting partially burned mixture the edge of the bowl and heats it up very strongly. In superposition of mechanical and Thermal tensions cause cracks at the edge of the trough. The experience has shown that a fine-grained structure significantly delay the start of cracking and can multiply the life of the piston.

Zur lokalen Erzeugung eines feinkörnigen Gefüges am Muldenrand sind verschiedene Verfahren bekannt. In der Regel wird der Werkstoffs des Muldenrands lokal aufgeschmolzen. Durch Selbstabschreckung ergibt sich dann das gewünschte Gefüge. Nachteilig ist bei all diesen Verfahren die Möglichkeit, daß sich beim Erstarren des geschmolzenen Werkstoffs Poren und Lunker bilden.For the local production of a fine-grained structure at the edge of the bowl known various processes. As a rule, the material of the Trough edges melted locally. Self-deterrence results in then the desired structure. The disadvantage of all these methods is that Possibility of pores forming when the molten material solidifies and form voids.

Eine bessere Situation ergibt sich, wenn die Umformung des Gefüges im festen Zustand erfolgt. Durch Zerbrechen der groben Gefügebestandteile im plastischen Werkstoffzustand gefolgt von einem anschließendem Verpressen ergibt sich ein feinkörniges Gefüge hoher Dichte, das sich durch eine vorteilhafte Verbesserung der Duktilität und durch das Fehlen innerer Kerben auszeichnet. Als Verfahren für diese Umformung eignet sich gut das Reib- Rührschweißen, im angelsächsischen Sprachraum Friction Stir Welding genannt. Fig. 1 zeigt das typische Gefüge nach dem Umformen. Deutlich erkennbar sind im umgeformten Werkstoffbereich die Fließlinien die zu einer geschichteten Werkstoffstruktur führen.A better situation arises when the structure is reshaped in the solid state. Breaking the coarse structural components in the plastic material state followed by subsequent pressing results in a fine-grained structure of high density, which is characterized by an advantageous improvement in ductility and the absence of internal notches. Friction stir welding, known as Friction Stir Welding in the Anglo-Saxon language area, is a good method for this forming. Fig. 1 shows the typical structure after forming. The flow lines that lead to a layered material structure are clearly recognizable in the formed material area.

Fig. 2 zeigt den umgeformten Bereich in einer Schemaskizze für einen noch nicht fertig bearbeiteten Kolben. 1 ist der umgeformte Bereich, 2 die Verbrennungsmulde, 3 der rißgefährdete Muldenrand und 4 die brennraumseitige Oberfläche des Kolbenbodens. Fig. 2 shows the deformed portion in a schematic sketch of a not yet finished piston. 1 is the deformed area, 2 the combustion bowl, 3 the bowl rim, which is at risk of cracking, and 4 the surface of the piston head on the combustion chamber side.

Claims (7)

1. Bauteile, insbesonders Kolben, mit lokal umgeformten und dadurch gefeinten Gefüge hoher Duktilität, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Umformung im wesentlichen im festen oder plastischen Zustand, ohne nennenswerte Überschreitung der Soliduslinie des umzuformenden Werkstoffs oder mit nur unwesentlicher Überschreitung der Soliduslinie des umzuformenden Werkstoffs erfolgt, so daß keine oder nur die niedrig schmelzenden Phasen, die nur einen geringen Anteil des umzuformenden Werkstoffs darstellen, während der Umformung in den flüssigen Zustand übergehen.1. Components, in particular pistons, with locally formed and thus refined structure of high ductility, characterized in that the forming takes place essentially in the solid or plastic state, without appreciably exceeding the solid line of the material to be formed or only slightly exceeding the solid line of the material to be formed , so that none or only the low-melting phases, which represent only a small proportion of the material to be formed, pass into the liquid state during the forming. 2. Bauteile, insbesonders Kolben, nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das umgeformte Gefüge im Anschliff eine geschichtete Struktur nach Fig. 1 aufweist.2. Components, in particular pistons, according to claim 1, characterized in that the deformed structure has a layered structure according to FIG. 1 in the bevel. 3. Bauteile, insbesonders Kolben, nach einem oder mehreren der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zur Umformung das in den Anmeldungen international patent application number PCT/GB92/02203 sowie GB patent application number 9125978.8, 6 Dec 1991 beschriebene Reib-Rührschweißen, auch Friction Stir Welding genannt, eingesetzt wird.3. Components, in particular pistons, according to one or more of the above Claims, characterized in that for the deformation that in the International patent application number PCT / GB92 / 02203 and GB patent application number 9125978.8, Dec. 6, 1991 Friction stir welding, also called friction stir welding, is used. 4. Bauteile nach einem oder mehreren der vorstehenden Ansprüche dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß, bei einem Kolben mit Verbrennungsmulde im Kolbenboden, ein Teil des umgeformten Bereichs der Muldenrand ist.4. Components according to one or more of the preceding claims characterized in that, in a piston with a combustion bowl in the Piston bottom, part of the deformed area of the bowl rim. 5. Kolben nach einem oder mehreren der vorstehenden Ansprüche dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der umgeformte Bereich sich im fertigen Produkt entlang des Muldenrands nur über einen Teil des Muldenrands erstreckt.5. Piston according to one or more of the preceding claims characterized in that the deformed area is in the finished product extends along the edge of the bowl only over part of the bowl edge. 6. Kolben nach einem oder mehreren der vorstehenden Ansprüche dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der umgeformte Bereich sich im fertigen Produkt radial über 1 bis 20 mm gemessen von der Innenkante (d. h. vom kleinsten Durchmesser der Verbrennungsmulde, gemessen auf Höhe des Muldenrands) erstreckt und, vom Kolbenboden aus gemessen, sich axial über eine Höhe des Kolbens von 1 bis 25 mm erstreckt. (Fig. 2 zeigt an einem noch nicht fertig bearbeiteten Kolben ein Beispiel mit den Maßen: radiale Breite 5 mm und axiale Tiefe 10 mm.)6. Piston according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the deformed area in the finished product extends radially over 1 to 20 mm measured from the inner edge (ie from the smallest diameter of the combustion bowl, measured at the height of the bowl rim) and, from the piston crown measured from, extends axially over a height of the piston of 1 to 25 mm. ( Fig. 2 shows an example with the dimensions: radial width 5 mm and axial depth 10 mm on a piston that has not yet been finished.) 7. Kolben nach einem oder mehreren der vorstehenden Ansprüche dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Beginn und das Ende der Umformzone bzw. des Überlappungsbereichs oder Anfang und Ende einer Teilumformung des Muldenrands auf Ebenen liegen, durch welche die Kolbenachse läuft und die mit der Ebene auf der die Mittellinie der Bolzenbohrung und die Mittellinie des Kolbens liegen einen Winkel von 15 bis 90 Grad, vorzugsweise 45 Grad, einschließen.7. Piston according to one or more of the preceding claims characterized in that the beginning and end of the forming zone and the Overlap area or beginning and end of a partial transformation of the Trough edges lie on levels through which the piston axis runs and the with the plane on which the center line of the bolt hole and the center line of the Piston are at an angle of 15 to 90 degrees, preferably 45 degrees, lock in.
DE1999100121 1999-01-05 1999-01-05 Piston with locally deformed and refined high-ductility structure, with deformation taking place in solid or plastic state Ceased DE19900121A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1999100121 DE19900121A1 (en) 1999-01-05 1999-01-05 Piston with locally deformed and refined high-ductility structure, with deformation taking place in solid or plastic state

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1999100121 DE19900121A1 (en) 1999-01-05 1999-01-05 Piston with locally deformed and refined high-ductility structure, with deformation taking place in solid or plastic state

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE19900121A1 true DE19900121A1 (en) 2000-07-06

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DE1999100121 Ceased DE19900121A1 (en) 1999-01-05 1999-01-05 Piston with locally deformed and refined high-ductility structure, with deformation taking place in solid or plastic state

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2002001059A1 (en) * 2000-06-28 2002-01-03 Federal-Mogul Technology Limited Manufacturing pistons
DE10141189A1 (en) * 2001-08-22 2003-03-20 Ks Kolbenschmidt Gmbh Internal combustion engine piston shaft has shaft part remodeled by friction welding to form cast or conversion matrices specifically as piston boss.

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2002001059A1 (en) * 2000-06-28 2002-01-03 Federal-Mogul Technology Limited Manufacturing pistons
GB2367027A (en) * 2000-06-28 2002-03-27 Federal Mogul Technology Ltd Manufacturing pistons by friction stir welding
GB2367027B (en) * 2000-06-28 2004-04-14 Federal Mogul Technology Ltd Manufacturing pistons
DE10141189A1 (en) * 2001-08-22 2003-03-20 Ks Kolbenschmidt Gmbh Internal combustion engine piston shaft has shaft part remodeled by friction welding to form cast or conversion matrices specifically as piston boss.

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