DE1987971U - DEVICE FOR PASSING A SIGNAL THROUGH A CLOSED WALL. - Google Patents

Description

■ ■■; RA.235 583 * 2 «:

Patent attorneys ^; : - Dr.-Ing. WILLIAM KLOSE 6800 Mannheim 1

Rathenaustraße 6 Telephone 0621/43807

Dipl.-PhyS. HANS KLOSE Rathenaustraße 6

Counter _ ■ - ■:.-.-

Postschedci Ludwigshafen (Rhine) 13642. Deutsche Bank AG., Rl. Mannheim 02/81485 "- Patent Attorneys W. uH Klose, 6800 Mannhelm 1, Rathenaustra6e 6 '

Applicant: Roba-GmbH, 6831 Reilingen, Scheffelstrasse 1-9

Device for passing a signal through a - ■ "" ..- ■ closed wall .

The innovation concerns a device for passing "a: Signal through a closed, preferably made of magnetic .. Existing wall material, especially from the exterior to the interior

.space of a pipe.es .., .. container., _Taj3.ka _i ._Soiiif.fe.s __. o_d _.._ .. dglift - .. Jr_QzaTigs — iJ

wise, the device is used within pipelines. To control sources of penetrating radiation from outside the line in such a way that the source reaches a certain point (in most cases in the area of a weld seam to be penetrated). stops, triggers and ends the radiographic processes and - -.- ■ """" finally starts the device again. .... ^r . _.

For the purposes mentioned it is possible, for example, to run a mechanical sensor on the inside of the pipe, which detects the root of the weld seam and triggers the control. However, this has the disadvantage that it cannot be used with helically welded pipes. In addition, a different method also responds to other discontinuities in the inner surface of the pipe. ^r

Furthermore it would be possible - a radioisotope with relative attaching weak activity to a device running in the pipe, A radiation detector, which is attached outside the pipe, reacts on the outward penetrating radiation and sends you

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Ultra-short wave pulse to an operator standing at the end of the pipe, who is now electrically or via a cable or the like Forwards the signal to the device in the pipe. This .procedure would, however the disadvantage that a continuously radiating Isotope must run along through the pipe and various cumbersome levels of control must be combined with one another.

In the case of non-magnetic materials, you can do without special Difficulty using electromagnetic waves »A universal": device, as the present firing system strives for, should, however, also be usable with steel walls, in particular steel pipes. It turned out, however, that the devices used on remanences, addressed in the beam. The task of the present innovation is to create a device that overcomes these difficulties "* and which is generally applicable. So the device is also., Also applicable if the wall is made of steel, or other ferromagnetic !! Material consists · -. V

To pass a signal through a closed, preferably wall made of magnetic material, in particular from the outside to the inside of a pipe, container, tank, Ship or the like are arranged according to the innovation, on one wall - side a permanent magnet with at least one coil acting on the magnetic flux, - the at least one generator for electrical vibrations is connected, whereas on the other wall side at least one receiver for this electrical Vibrations is arranged, which is displayed on an evaluation device

- will close; the vibrator is then excited, and the am Vibrations received or induced by the receiver are evaluated. ;

Instead of a static field, a modulated one is used magnetic sorry used. It turned out that the controls in this way already with powers of less than 1 watt be operated on thick steel walls, e.g. - 20 mm thick can, so that a network connection for the "pipe od. The like. Running Device is not required. Hence, the object that can 'learn--'. tion can also be and is used on construction sites in the open air Electrically reliable due to the low voltage required.

Preferably, the two magnetic poles of the permanent magnet are directed towards one side of the wall and arranged on the other side of the wall; at least two receiver coils are positioned in such a way that the line connecting the poles in the projection is perpendicular to the line connecting the two receiving coils? the magnet and the two receiving coils are then moved relative to each other parallel to the coil connecting line, whereby the magnet or the two receiving coils or the magnet and receiving coils can be moved depending on the position of the - '! case'. ; _: . ■; .-

The coil influencing the magnetic flux (or the Coils) is preferably fed with sine waves.

In a preferred device ea ^^ afflteraitaaEffigmt ^ ffiiidfaffiiaiflHffiffi:. the permanent magnet is a horseshoe magnet, that of at least one Coil is enclosed, which is connected to at least one generator for electrical

see vibrations different "! · frequencies can be connected". By The choice of frequencies can then not only be given to oneself — y adapt the units of the wall, but you can in particular also y different Issue commands. Preferably three are used; Receive coils, one of which is arranged on a center perpendicular of the coil connection line. The two by the coil connection Line-connected, mutually-connected receiving coils are used in this case to assign the outer and inner Part of the device to be determined, whereas the receiving coil lying on the middle circle picks up the work signals. Preferably lies the third receiving coil is simply in the middle between the other two receiving coils.

The receiving coils are advantageously carried by a carriage. Except those which are preferably arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction This car can also advantageously have a receiving coil Power source, an electric motor fed by it for driving drive wheels and at least one switch for the responsive to the alternating currents induced in the two receiving coils Have motor circuit. This switch is useful, as will be explained later, a stepping relay. Additionally the car will advantageously have a working device whose working circuit is fed by the power source and by alternating

p seiströme is controlled, which is induced in the third receiving coil will. This working device is preferably a training and Be retractable gear for a source of penetrating radiation. This source can be, for example, a radioisotope or an X-ray tube. in the

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in general, the use of a radioisotope is more appropriate. Man In this case, the rest position of the radiation source is advantageous arrange in a radiation protection. If you use an X-ray tube, so takes the place of the extending and retracting gear Circumstances a switch-on device for the high voltage, which by a DC voltage transformer can be generated. ^

In the drawing, an advantageous embodiment ΐ / for the subject of the innovation is shown schematically. It show: ¹

Pig. 1 schematically the arrangement of the magnet and the two receiving coils,; ■ "■■ ^.: Ν

Pig. 2 the current induced in the receiving coils,

Pig. 3 and 4 a longitudinal and cross-section with a carriage for carrying the receiving coil and a radioisotope,

Pig. 5 the arrangement of the coils with their spacer rollers on a carrier,

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Pig. 6 a circuit diagram with the receiving coils,

Pig. 7 shows the electrical structure of the encoder assigned to the magnet and

Pig. 8 shows the electrical structure of the receiver.

According to Pig. 1 is on a steel wall 2, which has a 'weld 3 has, a horseshoe magnet 4 is attached .. From this horseshoe magnet you can only see one pole because the other pole is covered. The horseshoe magnet 4 is enclosed by a coil 5, which is connected to the

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Conclusions 6 can be fed with alternating current. :

On the other side of the wall § "are connected in series and mutually connected receiver coils 7 and 8, attached to _the; are defined connections. 9

By moving the coil in the direction indicated at Pig.1 arrow, one obtains the data recorded in Fig. 2 gene over the zugehöri- · shift distance voltage waveform of the AC voltage induced in the series-connected receiver coils T, 8. When the coil 7 passes the permanent magnet 4, the field of which is influenced by the coil 5 ″ through which the Weäaselstrom flows, a first maximum 10 arises If you then see the receiving coil 8 in front of the magnet, a second maximum 12 arises, whereupon

at - - "'^;" ■ "■" -.- ^' -. "" - the alternating voltage / 13 goes back to zero. When used, this arrangement thus results in two maxima, between which there is a pronounced minimum of the value zero. ;

Figs. 3 and 4 show the practical application.

It can be seen that the wall 2 is the wall of a pipe here.

The horseshoe magnet 4 is placed on the outer wall of the tube, the coil 5 of which is fed by the transmitter 20, which has three different switching positions. In all three viewing positions a sinusoidal alternating voltage, which influences the magnetic field of the horseshoe magnet 5, is fed to the coil via the lines 6 Inside the pipe there is a carriage 21, which is on a double

pelantriebsrad 22 and two impellers 23 runs. The running wheels 23 are carried by articulated arms 24 which (which is not shown in detail) can be adjusted so that the running wheels for each pipe are approximately perpendicular to the pipe wall. The carriage 21 carries a battery 25 which can be connected to the drive motor 26 in order to drive the double drive wheel 22 via a V-belt coupling 27. The double drive wheel is carried by a swivel fork 28 which is supported via a ball bearing 29 on the vehicle-fixed block 30, which can serve as a weight. This construction 28, 29 ^ 30 ensures that the carriage always moves on the lower surface line of the tube 2, the V-belt 27; can follow the swings, for which purpose it may have to be made elastic. In the present case it is assumed that a radioisotope is used as the emitter. This radiator is shown at 31 in the extended state. It is supported by a rod 32 and can be irückgezogen by means of the internal and Ausfahrgetriebes 33 in the radiation shield 34 and ^Zl vorgesehoben from it in the drawn position .; So that no harmful radiation can escape in the retracted position, an additional shielding can be provided on the radiator 31 (in Fig. 3 on ν on the right side of the radiator) which covers the opening of the shielding 34 when the radiator is retracted. The control device is shown next to the battery 25: The carriage 21 carries a post 36 to which a support arm 39 is attached, pivoted about the joint 38 by a tension spring 37. This support arm 39 carries the coil arrangement via a: second joint 40; also the coils J around 8 and "a middle coil 41. as well as; ä: LeC; J \ Γ

Spacer rollers. 42, 43. Spools and reels are in one Trough 44 which is supported on the joint 40.

The in Fig. 3 and. 4 works as follows: V ':

The vehicle 21 is used at the end of the pipe-2 and started by switching on the motor 22. The marching speed can be about 10 ι a minute. The car drives -to V to the first applied encoder magnet 4 and holds ar in the following way

The horseshoe magnet 4 serving as a transmitter magnet is placed on the outside of the tube 2. It has a winding 5 which modulates the normal magnetic flux by means of sinusoidal oscillations. The field of the magnet penetrates the wall of the tube 2 and es.kann in the coils 7, 41, 8, which are carried inside the tube 2 by the carriage 21, a. Voltage can be induced. In the two against each other _gesehalte-: th electrically identically constructed and arranged induction coils 7 and 8, which act as a holding coil, no total voltage is normally induced. If the two coils now approach the magnet 4 in the sense of FIG. 1, the stray field induces a higher voltage in the first, i.e. in the closer coil .7, ala in the coil 8, for example 15 cm further back. generates a voltage which is fed to the controller 35. A step switch arranged in the control device 35, which is switched on when the carriage 2.1 is inserted into the pipe ^; was such that "the motor 26 starts to drive keeper pulls. and y- after waste of the relay of the motor circuit is interrupted standing is v, the ^two:

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Coils 7 and 8 symmetrically under the magnet 4, so in the imaginary Fall about 7.5 cm in front of and behind in the direction of movement of the Arrow of Fig. 1, the resulting voltage is zero again. Since before the mentioned maximum 10 (see Fig. 2) the voltage was zero, so here the minimum 11 is the second zero value of the induced voltage, i.e. the motor is switched off and that The vehicle stops and the desired work is then carried out.

What happens next depends on the level to which the transmitter 20 is switched.

If the transmitter is switched, for example, to the first switching stage, which is assumed to be 80 Hz in FIG. 7, the normal program can run. Immediately after holding, the radioactive axial radiator 31 is pressed out of the shield for a previously set time. The radiator 31 is then a predetermined distance X in the direction of travel in front of the magnet 4 withdrawn again by an automatically programmed circuit. It is possible that the retraction and extension gears are actuated in both directions by this circuit. But it is also possible that this gear works only in one direction and that a spring is provided, the voltage after switching off the drive. ¹ , the gear again moves in the other direction, preferably pulling the radiator 31 back into the shielding 34. After completion of the

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Radiation time automatically switches the program on and leaves the motor 26 through, the battery 25 drive again, so that the carriage 21 continues to drive to the next horseshoe magnet. To this Way you can automatically check a long pipe for defects in the welds examine without the need to run electrical wiring or mechanical ancillary equipment through the length of the To send pipe. Even curvatures of the pipe do not matter, since the pendulum arrangement of the swivel fork 28 ensures that also in this case the carriage continues to run in the axial direction.

If the transmitter 20 is switched to position II ■, for example, at which, for example, 250 Hz are generated, the Stau coil 41 picks up this frequency. The induced voltage influences over the holding coils 7 and 8 the holding device, but here the program control does not respond, so that the carriage stopped in the tube without the movements of the radiator 31 being carried out. This intermediate position is used to stop the carriage 21 in the pipe 3, in order, for example, to apply films 45 to one or more weld seams 3. After applying the films, the encoder 20 is on the position I switched back, so that now the assumed frequency of 80 Ea Via the receiver coils and the control device 35 the input and Extension gear 33 starts again. Such a procedure may be necessary, for example, if the room in which measurements are taken are made, is very heavily contaminated with radiation, so that the films 45 must not lie on the weld 3 for a long time.

Another sole position III of the encoder 20 is provided, which can be assigned a frequency of 1000 Hz, for example

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like. This frequency also influences the coils 7 and 8 only the control device 35 in the sense that the car is stopped. In this case, however, a different one will be used afterwards Program, switched on, which causes the motor 26 in reverse Direction starts and thus drives the car back. This can be useful, for example, if the trolley is either to be removed or measurements are to be repeated at any point.

The Pig. 5 and 6 show in, particularly, the arrangement and circuit of the "holding coil" 7 and 8, as well as supported by blocks 46 and 47, rollers 42 and 43 which by V, the spring force 37 _with-: te / ls of the designed as a two-armed lever support arm 39 constantly se are pressed against the pipe wall 2 that on the other side; the double drive wheel 22 has sufficient static friction. -_-. ^:

A circuit for the boom 20 is shown schematically in FIG. A mains connection 50 enables the battery 52 to be charged at 6 volts, for example, via a charger 51. When the switch is inserted, on the one hand a line 54 that is not shown in FIGS When using isotopic rays, a suitable detector 55 is switched on, to which a warning siren 57 (also not shown) is connected via lines 56 ".'..- '■ \.;'"".-. ■ ..: -; - _: .; .'- ". ■■■ "'. ^: , ■■,: ■■■ ;;": ■■

A second line system 58 leads from the battery 52 to a DC voltage converter 59, which is connected to three different devices. On the one hand, it carries the required higher direct voltage from the detector 55 via the line system 613; e.g. 500 volts on and on the other hand it delivers over the line system 6t

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the power amplifier 62 the necessary operating voltage. Finally, it feeds the working voltages to the sine generator 64 via the three conductors 63. For example, one of the heads of this line system! 63 carry the voltage Hull, while the other two conductors apply the voltage +24 volts and -24 volts to the sine wave generator 64. Which frequency the sinusoidal generator 64 generates is selected by the switch 65 shown, which, for example, generates 80 Hz in the I position, 250 Hz in the II position and TOOO Hz in the III position. These sinusoidal voltages are then passed on via the conductor 66 to the output amplifier, which feeds the excitation coil 5 of the horseshoe magnet 4 via the connections 6. - ..-. ". _; _

In the schematic circuit diagram that belongs to the control device 35, the signal coil 41 is drawn laterally next to the two holding coils 7 and 8 to simplify the illustration. The battery 25 can as well as; the battery 52 can be connected to a mains connection via a charger (not shown). When a switch 70 is inserted, the switching amplifier 72 is fed via the conductors 71 and thus the motor 26 is fed via the other lines 73, so that this can be activated at the beginning of the work by inserting the switch _; 70 starts up. The switching amplifier 72 is via the conductors 74 in ■■ - ■■; Series-connected holding coils 7 and 8 assigned. - - - -

When inserting the holder 70, additional information about the Lines 75 a switching amplifier 76 and via lines 70-a Switching amplifier 78 fed. In addition, Ladders79 lead to one Signal amplifier 80 to which the signal coil 41 is connected. Between the

Signal amplifier 80 and the amplifier 76 higher than ^_the: lines 81 a bandpass filter 82 for eg 1000 Hz and above the lines 83, a band-pass filter 84 for example, 250 Hz.

The switching amplifier 72 is a switching mechanism that is used in every second zero position switches off the lines 73 to the motor 26, at all assumed frequencies of e.g. 80 Hz, 250 Hz. ; and 1000 Hz. When moving the carriage / in the direction of the arrow the Pig. 1 no voltage is initially induced in the holding coils 7 and 8 so that the motor 26, once switched on, continues to run. This does not change anything if the holding coil 7 comes near the magnet, Instead, a change only occurs when the same voltage is induced in both coils due to the same distance from the magnet. In this case, the stepping mechanism, which is contained in the switching amplifier 72, automatically switches off the motor 26. In this It should be emphasized that the holding coils 7 and 8 are in series, but are wound in opposite directions, so that the same in them generated tensions cancel each other out. With the same induction in the switching amplifier 72, one has the voltage value zero, namely the second voltage value zero, so that the stepping mechanism responds and switches off the motor 26. It then runs in the switching amplifier Normal program from if it was induced with 80 Hz. This means that the film exposes, the exposure stops, and the motor then is switched on again, whereupon the process can be repeated at the next welding point.

Was not with 80 Hz, but for example with 250 Hz induced, the bandpass filter 84 lets the signal coil 41 recorded

The current taken and amplified by the signal amplifier 80 reach the signal amplifier 78. This ensures that the motor 26 is not switched on again. The reunification; it is only:
possible when the fed transmitter coil 5 is removed from the tube; daiaei creates the second maximum. If, finally, a frequency of 1000 Hz is used, the voltage induced in the signal coil 41 reaches the switching amplifier 76 via the signal amplifier 80 and the lines 81 as well as the bandpass filter 82. This takes care of the switching amplifier
for the fact that the current direction in the lines 73 is reversed by the supply of 1000 Hz or the like to the switching amplifier 72, so that the motor 26 runs backwards and thereby the car
moves back. This movement can also be stopped again by applying a magnet, which is fed with, for example, 80 Hz. _T : ■ _

Claims (1)

RA.235 583 * 4/24/68 Se h u t ζ speech T. device for passing a signal through a closed, preferably made of magnetic material wall, in particular from the outside into the interior of a pipe, container tank, ship od. The like », characterized in that on one wall side a permanent magnet with at least one on the magnetic flux acting coil, which is connected to at least one generator for electrical vibrations, and on the other side of the wall at least one receiver for these electrical vibrations, which is connected to an evaluation device, are arranged * -. ^: \ 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that: both magnetic poles are directed against one wall side and that on the other side of the wall at least two in series and. gegeneinandergesehlatete receiver coils are arranged so 'that the connecting line of the poles in the perpendicular projection to the connecting line · is of the two receiving coils. 3 * Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the coil influencing the magnetic flux is -sinus oscillating -is. ^"■": - .: ■ .......; ■ ..; ■■. " ^: -: /:; .. ■■" 4. Apparatus according to claim ■: 1 or the following, characterized in that the permanent magnet is a \ - ~ Horseshoe magnet (4) which is enclosed by at least one sink (5) connected to at least one generator (20) for electrical Schwin different frequencies can be connected. v 5. Apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that three receiving coils | 7 »8, 41) are provided, one of which (41) is arranged on a perpendicular perpendicular to the coil connecting line (7-8) ^. ; :. ^; 6. Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the third receiving coil (41) in the "" middle between the "two" other ^ in series, receiving rinsing (7,8) is arranged. 7 · The apparatus of claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the receiving coils (7, 8, 4I) are carried by a carriage (21) .; '.. ■■ ".- ■ -. -'■■"■; - ■ '"- ■"" ^y ' - - ~ ^z ~ '.- ■ 8. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that: the carriage "(2.1) apart from the counter-connected receiving coils (7, 8, -4I) arranged one behind the other in the running direction, a power source (25), an electric motor (26) fed by it for driving the drive wheels (22) and at least one switch for the motor circuit (73) which responds to the alternating currents induced in the two receiving coils (7, 8) ^.: 9. Apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that the switch is a stepping relay. : 10. The apparatus of claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the carriage (21) additionally ^ .weist apparatus on a _work-(.33); : whose working circuit is fed by the power source (25) and by alternating current induced in the third receiving coil: (41) is controlled. _; ^; - -. ■■■ - ■■ /.-.-.-; - "- .; ■ .- η ? - ■ -, 11. Device according to claim 8, characterized in that ^ the working device an extension and retraction gear (33) for a Is the source (31) of penetrating radiation, the rest position of this Source is located in a radiation protection (34). Note: This Unlerfuye (description and Sctfiufeonspr.) Fet 4'm iulelzl elnqew'ichla. they wefcfif from dar Worffossung dec visprOiigürh ίύν ^ -ρίίίιΐιίη Un / ef-ίοήβη. whether. The legal ß ^ a.uno dw fitWicUunq is! not checked. The ufspfün.jii'ιί r-in - ,, -! ·;.;! /: Ii VriMo ^ n bsfin ^ fn slc.lv.In den Anilsofclen. Sw kcMwn je.ae.znit ofmi'Highwels airios /eehJii'-.i/sri iiiiivas & is oeÄüifirenfrai a <je $ ehew WILL *. On Antfoe, there are also photopic »o4er Füm-« * ούΙ (γι »for the tibial prices."'."- Deutsches-Potenlpml, Oebräuchsmusiefsfelte.