DE19821972A1 - Lift without lift shaft esp. for connecting two storeys within dwelling - Google Patents

Abstract

The lift (1) has a cabin or seat (3) without a shaft and sensor monitoring of hazard regions during operation of the lift. A radar sensor (6) has a transmitter and receiver of electromagnetic radiation in the radar and/or microwave regions. An evaluation unit evaluates the frequency difference between the transmitted and received signal. A memory unit reads in a correct reference signal during safe operation. At least one radar sensor (6-9) is mounted in the floor, on the ceiling, on a supporting column and/or on a vertical wall, and at least one radar sensor can be mounted on the cabin or seat.

Description

The invention relates to an elevator according to the preamble of Claim 1.

Especially for connecting two floors within one Apartment are already so-called vertical lifts, above all for the transport of disabled, sick or old People became known. Such elevators will be for example in the US magazine "Elevator World", May 1997, page 59 or the German magazine "Lift-Report", 22nd year (1996), issue 3 (May / June 1996), page 22 described.

In the American publication mentioned, means Safety sensors automatically stop the elevator wrongdoing. About the concrete These safety sensors are designed in this way No information can be found in the publication.

On the other hand, sensor monitoring is one of those Elevator of significant importance because of operational security crucially depends on it. Not least for this reason Such vertical elevators have not yet been large Scope used.  

In contrast, the invention has the task of an elevator propose a high sensor system Operational safety guaranteed.

Starting from an elevator, this task is introductory mentioned type by the characteristic features of the Claim 1 solved.

By the measures mentioned in the subclaims advantageous developments and developments of the invention possible.

Accordingly, in an elevator according to the invention at least one radar sensor with a transmitter and one Radar and / or electromagnetic radiation receiver Microwave range provided.

Such a sensor is able to provide sufficient Distance a danger area, for example the room below an elevator car or pulpit monitor whether objects are not intended or People are in this danger area. Accordingly the operation of the elevator can be interrupted as soon as a such danger is indicated by the sensor system. Furthermore, a sensor system of the type mentioned offers the Advantage that many materials, especially plastic, Carpets or mineral building materials such as wall plasters, etc. are transparent to the radiation mentioned. Thus a Sensor according to the invention for monitoring an elevator easily covered, for example under plaster or under a corresponding floor covering can be arranged.

In a special embodiment of the invention is also an evaluation unit for evaluating the frequency difference provided between the transmission signal and the reception signal. This is an evaluation of the so-called  Doppler shift in the frequency of the transmission signal and Received signal possible, which results when the Reflecting surface of the radiation and the radar sensor in relation perform a relative movement to each other. This Difference signal is particularly significant for a disturbance in a danger zone, because it doesn’t just mean different Reflective surfaces in the intensity distribution of the Received signal, but also other relative movements through the frequency spectrum of the Doppler signal can be detected. In particular due to the predetermined speed of the The elevator car or pulpit is suitable for evaluating the Doppler signal particularly good for use in one elevator according to the invention.

In a further development of the invention, a Storage unit provided in which the correct signal safe operation of the elevator can be read. This signal can be activated once or several times of the elevator can be recorded and saved, which means that Surveillance system to a certain extent the safe environment of the Elevator "learned". Subsequent changes within of the monitored danger area immediately Comparison of the measured signal with the stored "learned" reference signal for hazard detection. Corresponding tolerance criteria for deviations between the measured and the learned reference signal optionally in the comparison unit, which preferably consists of a computer, can be programmed.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention two or more radar sensors are provided. Hereby different hazard areas can be recorded separately. For example, it is recommended to use a ring-shaped one Sensor arrangement below the elevator car or pulpit fully monitor. Also a ceiling area above the elevator car or pulpit can be adjusted accordingly  Sensor arrangements on the ceiling are monitored. Especially also culverts through which the elevator car or pulpit passes through, can be monitored so that a shear or crush from the elevator car or objects protruding from the pulpit, for example body parts of transported people is avoided.

In a development of the invention, the radar sensor fixed on the building side. For example in the floor area below a corresponding floor covering, e.g. B. tiles, carpeting or the like or else can be realized in a vertical wall position.

Depending on the arrangement of the radar sensors in connection with their Beam characteristics, which can be selected accordingly, the desired danger areas can be almost fully illuminate.

On the other hand, one or more radar sensors can also be used the elevator car or pulpit. Hereby the building-side installation of the elevator is simplified, which in this case essentially relate to the attachment appropriate ceiling openings and a support column can restrict.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the The invention also provides a waveguide. This Waveguide enables the arrangement of the radar sensor spaced from the area to be monitored.

In a particularly advantageous development of this Embodiment is the waveguide as a waveguide, especially designed as a perforated waveguide. A Such waveguide lets the radiation through different perforations emerge and take off reflected radiation accordingly. With help  perforated waveguide of this type is used for monitoring the entire length of the waveguide is possible. Such Training is particularly suitable for edge monitoring, for example on the top or bottom of the elevator car or pulpit, where there is a passage through a ceiling opening so-called shear edges result. Depending on the arrangement of such Waveguides can be over an edge or over an entire area act as a proximity switch that for example a hand protruding over a shear edge or can recognize other parts of the body.

In particular embodiments of the invention Components such as horn antennas or radar lenses are provided to the radiation characteristics of the radar sensor or Radar sensors on those to be monitored To coordinate the danger zone.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the Invention, two radar sensors face each other arranged. The two radar sensors serve over their normal ones In this case, it also functions as a radar barrier, because one radar sensor directly detects the radiation from the other receives. With this barrier arrangement, not only that Monitoring a volume corresponding to the radiation lobe possible in the room, but there can be any disturbance in the immediate line connecting the two Also record radar sensors precisely in space.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the Invention are two or more waveguides with one common radar sensor connected. This allows the monitored danger zone more diverse without increased Design the use of radar sensors.

An elevator according to the invention is advantageously so trained that the pulpit floor in the lowest  Entry position the top edge of the floor is not underrun. On the one hand, this has advantages when installing the Elevator, since no work on the floor is necessary here are. On the other hand, the floor below the Elevator pulpit in this way according to the rest Floor can be designed. For example, it can carpeted, tiled or as a wooden floor be executed. With the pulpit open, most of it is accessible to the elevator area and like the entire room use.

Advantageously, the edge of the pulpit floor Forming a ramp at least partially beveled. As a result, the use of the elevator by a Wheelchair users relieved. It also results in one such beveled design no stumbling edge on Entry of the elevator.

In a special embodiment, the elevator pulpit as stated above on at least one support column. With With the help of such a guide on a support column, one can realize particularly elegant elevator form that little structural measures required when installing the elevator and at attractive design options require little space.

Advantageously, a for guiding the elevator Guide groove formed in the support column. With the help of a such leadership is a large part of the Elevator bracket inside this groove and is thus from the outside not visible. Such a vertical elevator leaves therefore, in a way, a viewer is free floating impression.

The drive means for the elevator are preferred at least partially also arranged in the guide groove. Such a drive, for example with a spindle  can be provided, is from the outside or hardly visible.

The sensor system according to the invention can be used in addition to those mentioned Radar sensors on various physical Principles and different known sensors being constructed. Use is conceivable, for example of so-called light curtains, photomultipliers, Ultrasonic sensors, laser sensors, inductive sensors, capacitive sensors, pressure sensors and / or limit switches. Also other sensor principles, possibly also currently not yet known, are for use on one elevator according to the invention conceivable at any time.

A control device is preferably provided, which at a sensor signal, d. H. when a person or Body parts of a person is in a danger zone, brings the elevator to a standstill and / or an alarm signal generated. Such alarm signals can, for example optical and / or acoustic signals.

In an advantageous embodiment, the as Safety device serving as a multiple system designed. This creates permanent security guaranteed, even if a sensor system fails. The control device is advantageously designed such that that they have a corresponding failure of part of the sensor system reports so that a corresponding repair can take place.

In a particular embodiment, one is in a certain Scope of movable sensor plate on the cabin or pulpit floor attached, with appropriate sensors, for example Limit switch, the position of the base plate relative to the pulpit floor constantly poll and stop the lowering movement of the Elevator pulpit provide once the sensor plate, for example due to a body part underneath, towards  is moved to the pulpit floor.

Another special embodiment of a Sensor monitoring consists of an elastic bellows, which on the Edge of the pulpit floor or at the edge of one Through opening is arranged through a ceiling and with a fluid is filled. Through a pressure sensor, for example in the form of a pressure sensitive valve a deformation of this elastic bellows is measured and trigger a reaction of the control device accordingly. In a further development of this characteristic could also be a Gel packets can be used as fluid-filled bellows.

As already indicated above, the Space below the pulpit floor and the area of the Ceiling culverts or culverts (if the elevator to be built over several floors) become. Naturally, the largest results in these areas Risk of injury to people from the elevator.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the Elevator pulpit or elevator car with a so-called swing door fitted. The floor plan of the elevator car is here preferably chosen round. The pulpit comes with a provided cylindrical outer wall that closed or in Can be designed in the shape of a railing. Along the scope a certain section is opened as a step through trained who in the closed state of the elevator pulpit is blocked by the support column. The wall so formed the elevator pulpit is rotatable, so that depending on Placement of this access opening in the wall of the location of entering or exiting the elevator pulpit or from the Elevator pulpit can be chosen almost arbitrarily.

The support column not only serves as in the aforementioned case Guide pillar for the elevator pulpit, but it provides  at the same time the closure of the safety cabin or the Security railing. In a further embodiment can also be used as a support column for the ceiling serve, if such for structural reasons is required.

The rotatable wall of the elevator car is preferred with provided with a lock so that it can be used while driving cannot be opened. Such a lock can for example in the form of locking elements such as Locking bolts or the like on the revolving door and / or are movably attached to the support column, consist. Another particularly advantageous embodiment a lock is that the edges of the revolving door, that limit the access opening when driving the Elevator car in a corresponding longitudinal groove of the support column drive in. This longitudinal groove is only at the Exit positions of the elevator car interrupted, so that in these positions the revolving door can be moved.

In an advantageous development of this embodiment the position of the revolving door is monitored by sensor means so that the elevator is only ready to move if the revolving door is in one Position in which it is in the corresponding groove or grooves can retract or is otherwise locked.

In a further development of this embodiment to monitor the position of the revolving door at least partially the sensor arrangement that is used to monitor Hazardous areas exist, used.

For example, the use of an or would be conceivable several reflectors on the top of the revolving door. By one or more spotlights on the ceiling at the top of that This reflector or these reflectors are illuminated, the reflected  Radiation from appropriate sensors on the ceiling on the top floor to be reached by the elevator. This results in one or more light barriers or ideally with the appropriate training of Reflectors, spotlights and sensors all around Radiation curtain covering any disturbance in the area above the Revolving door detected. Such a disturbance can, for example by an object or by twisting the Revolving door itself.

Such a radiation curtain can also be on the underside the elevator car can be provided. Such one Radiation curtain can, for example, with electromagnetic Radiation, preferably in the visible range, or else work with other waves, such as ultrasound. The The radiation curtains described are also without the above Locking of the revolving door to monitor the Hazardous areas of the elevator can be used.

In a further development of the invention, sliding contacts on the support column, preferably inside the guide groove, attached to a power supply or data lines to contact inside the cabin. Such one Sliding contact, for example in the form of a sliding rail has the advantage that no cable drag, especially for an emergency stop switch.

Various embodiments of the invention are in the Drawing shown and are based on the figures explained in more detail below.

Show in detail

Fig. 1 is a schematic side view of an inventive elevator,

Fig. 2 shows a schematic cross section through a ceiling opening,

Fig. 3 is a detailed illustration of a sensor device of Fig. 2,

Fig. 4 shows another embodiment of an elevator according to the invention,

Fig. 5 is a schematic representation of a driving cage or pulpit with another embodiment of the sensor device,

Fig. 6 is a plan view of an embodiment according to FIG. 5,

Fig. 7 shows another embodiment of the sensor arrangement in an inventive elevator,

Fig. 8 is a diagram illustrating the design of the emission of a radar sensor,

Is a schematic sectional view of joined together by a two superimposed subordinate spaces vertical lift. 9

Fig. 10 shows a further embodiment of such a vertical lift,

Fig. 11 illustrates a third embodiment,

Fig. 12 is another schematic sectional view through an inventive vertical lift,

Fig. 13 shows an embodiment of a sensor assembly on a Deckendurchlaß,

Fig. 14 shows another example of the configuration of a passage opening in the ceiling,

Fig. 15 is a schematic representation of a sensor arrangement in the bottom area of an elevator car,

Fig. 16 is an enlarged view of the embodiment according to FIG. 1,

Fig. 17 an embodiment of a lift cage with a hinged door in longitudinal section;

Fig. 18 is a schematic representation of the embodiment of FIG. 9 in cross section and

Fig. 19 is a cross section through a support column for an inventive elevator.

The elevator 1 according to Fig. 1 comprises a supporting column 2, is guided on the one elevator pulpit 3 in the vertical direction and is driven. A floor 4 with a floor covering 5 is located below the elevator pulpit 3 . Various radar sensors 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 are arranged below the floor covering 5 . The lines 10 on the radar sensors 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 are drawn in to illustrate the radiation characteristic.

In this exemplary embodiment, the elevator 1 approaching downwards or its elevator pulpit 3 is detected by the radar sensors 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 . The predetermined driving speed of the elevator pulpit 3 results in a characteristic signal shape and frequency distribution, in particular when the Doppler signal is evaluated. As soon as an object not provided comes into the area below the elevator pulpit 3 , this becomes visible through deviations in the sensor signal, in particular in the Doppler frequency spectrum, so that the elevator 1 can be stopped by means of a corresponding control, not shown in more detail. As can be seen from FIG. 1, the sensors 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 can be arranged under the floor covering 5 . This is possible due to the frequency ranges of the radar sensors 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 . Most non-conductive materials are transparent in the millimeter or micrometer range of the wavelengths.

A breakthrough 11 through a ceiling 12 is shown in FIG. 2. A curved perforated waveguide 13 is arranged along the circumference of the opening 11 . The shape of the waveguide 13 can be seen in particular in FIG. 3. The arrows 14 in FIG. 3 indicate the locations in which the waveguide 13 is perforated, that is to say provided with corresponding bores 14 . The corresponding radiation is fed into the waveguide 13 or the corresponding response signal is received via the radar sensor 6 . The bores 14 allow the transmission radiation to exit and reflected radiation to enter.

With the arrangement mentioned, the edge region 15 can thus be monitored when the elevator pulpit 3 approaches. The edge area 15 represents a shear edge and thus a danger area when the elevator pulpit 3 approaches. In the exemplary embodiment shown, it is possible to completely monitor this shear edge 15 with the aid of a single radar sensor.

In the illustration according to Fig. 4, an annular waveguide 16 is mounted at the top of the elevator pulpit. 3 The lines of propagation 17 of the radiation illustrate that the waveguide 16 is again perforated as in the aforementioned embodiment. With this arrangement, objects which protrude from the elevator pulpit 3 can be checked and shear edges 15 monitored when the elevator pulpit 3 approaches. A likewise annular waveguide 18 corresponding to the waveguide 16 is attached to the floor 19 of the elevator pulpit. In the present exemplary embodiment, a further annular waveguide 20 with a smaller diameter is attached to the bottom 19 opposite the waveguide 18 . The wave lobes 21 in turn illustrate the perforated design of the waveguides 18 , 20 . In the top view, the waveguides 16 , 18 , 20 correspond in their shape and in terms of the feed by a radar sensor to the illustration according to FIG. 3.

The waveguide 18 , 20 , as can be seen from the overlapping propagation lines 21 , monitors the space between the floor 19 of the elevator pulpit 3 and the floor 22 of the room in which the elevator 1 is mounted.

In Fig. 5, an arrangement is shown in which the upper edge 23 and the lower edge 24 of an elevator pulpit 3 with the aid of different radar sensors 25, 26 monitors. For this purpose, each radar sensor 25 , 26 is provided with two waveguides 27 , 28 . One waveguide 27 extends to the upper edge 23 , while the other waveguide 28 leads to the lower edge 24 . A circumferential area of the upper edge 23 and a circumferential area of the lower edge 24 are thus monitored by a single sensor 25 , 26 . By appropriately designing the radiation characteristic, as can be seen from the lines 29 (cf. also FIG. 6 in plan view), complete monitoring is possible along the entire circumference of the upper edge 23 or the lower edge 24 .

The embodiment according to FIG. 7 shows a further exemplary embodiment, with different radar sensors 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 being integrated into the support column 2 at different heights. Such an arrangement permits the exact determination of the position of the elevator pulpit 3 during travel in the detection range of the radar sensors 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 . Such an arrangement allows, in addition to the exact monitoring of the space below the pulpit 3, the use of knowledge of the exact position of the elevator pulpit 3 , z. B. for the control of the elevator drive, for example when braking when approaching the ground.

In the illustration of FIG. 8 are two radar sensors 35, 36 is shown at the bottom of an elevator pulpit. 3 The radar sensors 35 , 36 are provided on the one hand with a lens 37 and on the other hand with a horn antenna 38 . As can be seen from the lines 39 , 40 , the radiation characteristic of the radar sensors 35 , 36 can thereby be influenced. The use of such lenses 37 or horn radiators 38 can also be used in conjunction with waveguides. Depending on the application, such components allow a more flexible adaptation of the sensor system to the hazardous areas to be monitored.

The illustration in Fig. 9 shows an elevator 101, the rooms of a building partly shown two, a lower space 102 and an upper space 103 connects. For this purpose, a passage 105 is provided in a false ceiling 104 , through which a support column 106 of the elevator 101 projects. Above the false ceiling 104 , which forms the floor of the upper room 103 , a half-high shaft 107 with a door is attached. The half-height shaft 107 serves as a safety railing in order to avoid the risk of falling through the passage 105 into the lower space 102 .

A half-height elevator pulpit or car 108 is placed on the floor 109 of the lower room 102 . It can be clearly seen that the cabin 108 does not pass under the surface 110 of the floor 109 .

An elevator 101 according to FIG. 9 represents a vertical elevator, in particular for the disabled, which takes up very little space in rooms 102 , 103 . In particular when the elevator car 108 is in the upper position, the floor area in the room 102 below the car 108 is fully accessible, since in this state only the support column 106 is present in the room 102 .

FIG. 10 again shows an elevator 101 , which, however, is now provided with a ceiling-high shaft in the upper room 103 . In the lower room 102 there is a ceiling-high cabin 108 , which in turn is guided on a support column 106 which passes through a passage 105 in the false ceiling 104 . In this embodiment, too, the elevator car 108 does not pass under the surface 110 of the floor 109 . Likewise, in the raised state of the elevator car 108, the floor area below the car is fully accessible.

Fig. 11 shows a further variant embodiment, wherein now a cabin ceiling 108 is combined with a half-height shaft 107 in the upper space 103. The advantages which have already been mentioned several times, ie the fact that the floor 109 can be walked on when the elevator car 108 is in the upper position and that it is inexpensive to install without working on the floor 109, are also retained in this embodiment.

The illustration in FIG. 12 showing an elevator 101 in an intermediate position of the elevator car 108th It can be clearly seen that the elevator car 108 is guided via a short support arm 111 in the floor area 112 of the elevator car 108 in the support column 106 and is driven in the vertical direction (see arrow P). The hatched area 113 highlights the floor area of the cabin 108 , which is to be secured by appropriate sensors. The sensors to be attached in the area of the surface 113 secure the space 114 below the cabin 108 , provided that there is an impermissible object, e.g. B. a person or a body part of a person. A bruise is avoided in that such a fault is recognized by the corresponding sensor system and the elevator 101 is stopped.

In Figs. 13 to 15 different embodiments are illustrated for the sensor monitoring.

In Fig. 13, the edge region 115 is a passage 105 of a suspended ceiling 104, which is provided with a movable and spring ring 116 (s. Fig. 9 to 11), respectively. The ring 116 protrudes on its underside by a distance a from the underside 117 of the false ceiling 104 . A switching plunger 119, which is pressed downward via a spring element 118, is arranged in the interior of the ring 116 . A limit switch 120 is located above the switching plunger 119 .

The ring 116 in connection with the spring element 118 , the switching plunger 119 and the limit switch 120 represents a sensor system 121 in the sense of the invention. Several such limit switches 120 with corresponding switching plungers 119 and spring elements 118 are arranged along the circumference of the passage 105 . Due to the distance a with which this sensor arrangement protrudes downward from the false ceiling 104 , the shear edge 122 , which is formed by the lower edge of the false ceiling 104 , is secured. As soon as an object, for example a body part of a person, protrudes laterally from the cabin 108 and approaches the false ceiling 104 , the limit switch 120 is actuated via the switching plunger 119 . A control unit, not shown, which is connected to the limit switch 120 , stops the elevator immediately. This prevents crushing in the area of the passage 105 .

Fig. 14 shows again the passage 105 through a false ceiling 104th An elastic ring 123 is now arranged circumferentially on the edge 115 and, like the aforementioned exemplary embodiment, projects a distance a beyond the underside 117 of the false ceiling 104 . The elastic ring 123 is filled with a fluid, whereby a differential pressure when the elastic ring 123 is pressed in can be measured via the fluid. The elastic ring 123 could, for example, also be designed as a gel cushion.

Instead of the elastic ring 123 , further sensor devices are conceivable. For example, a light curtain consisting of light barriers, ultrasonic sensors for monitoring interference edges, capacitive sensors as proximity sensors, photomultipliers, etc.

FIG. 15 shows a sensor arrangement 124 similar to the sensor arrangement 121 from FIG. 105, but which is now located on the floor 125 of an elevator car 108 . A movable base plate 126 is suspended below the base 125 , which in turn is connected to limit switches 128 , 128 'via switching plungers 127 , 127 '. A plurality of sensor arrangements 124 , 124 'are circumferentially connected to the base plate 126 . As soon as an object, for example a body part of a person, gets under the floor plate 126 and presses it further against the floor 125 of the cabin when the cabin 108 is lowered further, one of the limit switches is actuated and the elevator is thus stopped via the control unit (not shown) mentioned above . The embodiment according to FIG. 15 thus shows a safety sensor system 124 , by means of which the space underneath a cabin 108 descending can be secured.

FIG. 16 shows an enlargement of the embodiment according to the illustration in FIG. 9, in which the half-height elevator car 108 on the support column 106 can move from a lower room 102 into an upper room 103 . The passage 105 is secured in the upper room 103 by a half-height shaft 107 . In the representation of FIG. 16 is a sensor arrangement 121, consisting of an elastic ring 123 (see. Fig. 14), is provided. In particular, it can be seen in this illustration that the ring 123 extends over the entire circumference of the passage 105 . On the floor 126 , a bevel 129 is shown hatched, which results in a low drive-over ramp, for example for a wheelchair user, into the cabin 108 . The chamfer 129 also offers the advantage for pedestrians that a tripping edge is avoided.

FIGS. 17 and 18 are illustrative of a revolving door assembly 130. The cross-sectional shape of the support column 106 can be seen in particular in FIG. 18. It is a flat cross-sectional shape that has a curvature on the outside 131 with a radius that corresponds approximately to the inside radius of a revolving door 132 . The revolving door 132 has a recess 133 over a cross-sectional angle (α, which corresponds approximately to the angular range which is closed by the support column 106. Due to the circular segment-like contour of the outside 131 , the revolving door 132 can be behind the column when it is rotated about the axis of rotation D. 106 turn, whereby the recess 133 forms an entry or exit from the elevator car 108. The exit can be arranged in this way at any point except in the area of the support column 106 .

The column holder 134 which apparently stands in the way of the rotary movement of the revolving door 132 in FIG. 18 is, as can be seen in FIG. 17, only attached in the region of the false ceiling 104 . If the revolving door is located in this area, opening the elevator is not desirable anyway, since the elevator car 108 is in an intermediate position.

The support column 106 according to FIG. 18 is illustrated more clearly in an enlarged cross-sectional drawing according to FIG. 19. In the center of the support column 106 there is a support 135 with a horseshoe-shaped cross section, so that the desired guide groove 136 for receiving guide and drive elements for the elevator car 108 results in the interior thereof. In the present case, the support 135 is composed of segments 137 a, b, c, which can consist, for example, of extruded aluminum. The edge closures are formed by further segments, the edge segments 138 a, b. In the boundary segments 138 a, b is about chamfers 139, a sheath 140 b, z. B. attached from thin stainless steel sheet. For this purpose, the bevels 139 a, b engage in corresponding recesses in the edge segments 138 a, b.

The casing 140 is filled with a filling material 141 . This material can be, for example, a rigid polyurethane foam, a lightweight concrete, etc. If the casing 140 is made so thin-walled that it does not inherently remain dimensionally stable, the filling and curing of the filling material 141 can take place in a production mold, possibly with pressurization and compression of the filling material 141 .

Fixing pockets 142 a, c are provided in the segments 137 a, b in order to better connect the segments 137 a, c to the filling material 141 . The segments 137 a, c can also be glued to one another for better stability of the support 135 or connected in some other way.

The support column 106 in the form shown offers particular advantages in manufacture, the desired shape, in particular the outside 131, being able to be realized. In addition, the visible surface of the support column 106 is formed by the shell 140 , so that subsequent remuneration is no longer necessary. The filling with the filling material 141 represents an inexpensive possibility of shaping and at the same time increases the load-bearing capacity of the support column 106 . Overall, the cost of materials with a high load-bearing capacity for producing such a support column is therefore extremely low.

An elevator 101 according to the invention offers the advantage that it can be installed easily and without major structural measures. It can be installed to save space and in particular offers the option of an attractive design. All drive elements can, for example, be accommodated in the support column 106 and are therefore not visible. Only the elevator car 108 , a short part of the support arm 111 and the support column 106 are visible from the outside. Due to the sensor monitoring by the sensor arrangements 121 , 124 , the danger areas 122 , 125 are secured.

Reference list

1

Elevator

2nd

Support column

3rd

Elevator pulpit

4th

ground

5

Flooring

6

Radar sensor

7

Radar sensor

8th

Radar sensor

9

Radar sensor

10th

Propagation line

11

breakthrough

12th

blanket

13

Waveguide

14

drilling

15

Edge area

16

Waveguide

17th

Propagation line

18th

Waveguide

19th

ground

20th

Waveguide

21

Propagation line

22

ground

23

upper edge

24th

lower margin

25th

Radar sensor

26

Radar sensor

27

Waveguide

28

Waveguide

29

Propagation line

30th

Radar sensor

31

Radar sensor

32

Radar sensor

33

Radar sensor

34

Radar sensor

35

Radar sensor

36

Radar sensor

37

lens

38

Horn blaster

39

Wavy lines

40

Wavy lines

101

Elevator

102

lower room

103

upper room

104

False ceiling

105

Passage

106

Support column

107

Shaft

108

Elevator car

109

ground

110

surface

111

Beam

112

Floor area

113

surface

114

room

115

Edge area

116

ring

117

bottom

118

Spring element

119

Switch plunger

120

Limit switch

121

Sensor arrangement

122

Shear edge

123

elastic ring

124

Sensor arrangement

125

ground

126

Base plate

127

Switch plunger

128

Limit switch

129

bevel

130

Revolving door arrangement

131

Outside

132

Revolving door

133

Recess

134

Column holder

135

support

136

Guide groove

137

a, b, c segment

138

a, b edge segment

139

a, b folding

140

Cover

141

filling material

142

a, b, c fixation pockets

Claims (24)

1. Elevator ( 1 ) with an elevator car or pulpit ( 3 ) without a continuous elevator shaft and with sensor monitoring of danger areas during operation of the elevator ( 1 ), characterized in that a radar sensor ( 6 ) with transmitter and receiver of electromagnetic radiation in the radar - And / or microwave range is provided. 2. Elevator according to claim 1, characterized in that a Evaluation unit for evaluating the frequency difference between the transmission signal and the reception signal is provided. 3. Device according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that a memory unit for reading a correct reference signal in safe operation is provided. 4. Elevator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that two or more radar sensors ( 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ) are provided. 5. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one radar sensor ( 6 ) is fixed in place. 6. Elevator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one radar sensor ( 6 ) is mounted in the floor, on the ceiling, on a support column and / or a vertical wall. 7. Elevator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one radar sensor ( 25 ) is attached to the elevator car or pulpit ( 3 ). 8. Elevator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a waveguide ( 13 ) is provided. 9. Elevator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the waveguide ( 13 ) is a perforated waveguide. 10. Elevator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a horn ( 38 ) and / or a lens ( 37 ) is provided. 11. Elevator according to one of the preceding claims characterized by two radar sensors facing each other are arranged opposite one another. 12. Elevator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a radar sensor ( 26 ) is provided with two or more waveguides ( 27 , 28 ). 13. Elevator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one radar sensor ( 6 ) is arranged concealed. 14. Elevator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bottom of the elevator car ( 108 ) in the lowest entry position does not pass under the upper edge of the floor. 15. Elevator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bottom of the elevator car ( 108 ) has a bevel ( 129 ) on the edge to form a ramp. 16. Elevator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the elevator car ( 108 ) is guided on at least one support column ( 106 ). 17. Elevator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a guide groove ( 136 ) is provided in the support column ( 106 ). 18. Elevator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that drive means for driving the elevator car ( 108 ) are accommodated in the guide groove ( 106 ). 19. Elevator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that a light curtain, a photomultiplier, an ultrasonic sensor, a laser sensor, an inductive one Sensor, a capacitive sensor, a pressure sensor and / or there is a limit switch. 20. Elevator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that a control unit is present which the Elevator stops and / or on depending on sensor monitoring or triggers several alarm signals. 21. Elevator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sensor arrangement ( 121 , 124 ) is designed as a multiple system for safety in the event of defects. 22. Elevator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that a movable sensor plate with End position detection and / or an elastic fluid-filled Ring with a pressure sensor are provided. 23. Elevator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that monitoring is provided on the floor of the elevator car ( 108 ) and / or on at least one edge of a ceiling passage ( 105 ). 24. Elevator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a revolving door ( 132 ) with a passage opening ( 133 ) is provided, the passage opening ( 133 ) being closable by the support column ( 106 ).