DE19741653A1 - Device for spreading granular fertilizers and seeds - Google Patents

Abstract

The spreader has four dosing members and four spreader discs (19,20) each with at least two ejector vanes preferably of different length. The granular material is ejected by the spreader discs into four adjoining and partially overlapping spreading strips (37,37',40,40') which produce a uniform spread of material in one working width spread (A). An Independent claim sets for outer spreading strips circumferential speed for discharge ends of longer vanes at about 41 metres/second and for ends of shorter vanes at about 33 metres/second and for inner spreading strips a speed of 29 metres/second for ends of longer vanes and about 21 metres/second for ends of shorter vanes.

Description

The invention relates to a device for spreading granular material According to the preamble of claim 1, such a device is in described in German Offenlegungsschrift 35 29 452. With this device four centrifugal discs with assigned metering devices are provided. The Throwing blades on each centrifugal disc have the same length and each two centrifugal disks scatter the material approximately in each other overlapping scatter paths.

The invention has for its object a device and method for Propose use of this device with which the material to be dispensed in an advantageous manner according to the prevailing conditions of use can be applied optimally adapted.

This object is achieved in that the device four Dosing elements and four centrifugal disks, with at least two throwing blades, preferably has different lengths that by means of the four Centrifugal disks the material to be spread in four adjacent and at least partially overlapping scattering strips that are uniform Distribution of material in a working width web result, is spreadable. As a result This measure can reduce the overall working width in partial working widths be, so that a so-called partial section shutdown is possible. It is too possible through this measure, through the individual control of the dosing To change the material application rate in partial working widths.

It is possible that two centrifugal disks with associated metering elements and Storage containers on the front of a farm tractor and two Centrifugal disks with assigned metering devices and storage containers on the Rear of the tractor are arranged. This device can be used  realize two conventional centrifugal spreaders, one of which Centrifugal spreader on the front and the other centrifugal spreader on the Rear is arranged. Here are the dosing and assigned Centrifugal discs for the respective centrifugal spreader selected such that the the centrifugal discs assigned to a storage container the inner area and the centrifugal discs assigned to the other storage container Scatter the outer area. However, it is also possible that the one Storage discs assigned to centrifugal disks which have a working width side and the centrifugal discs assigned to the other storage container the other Sprinkle side of working width.

In another embodiment it is provided that the four centrifugal discs with assigned metering devices and storage containers on the back of the Agricultural tractors are arranged. This makes a compact machine created, with the centrifugal discs side by side and one above the other are arranged. This has the advantage that the fertilizer practically on a cross to Plane lying in the direction of travel. The arrangement of the Slingshots in a plane transverse to the direction of travel has in particular when Switching the metering elements on and off on the headlands has great advantages.

With the above-described device according to one or more of claims 1 to 3, the method according to claims 4-6 for different Carry out working width ranges. Depending on the use of the different Throwing blade sets for the different working width ranges can be found in the Working width ranges from 48 m and more, from 30-36 m and 20-28 m the quadruple Section control or quadruple spread rate change in an advantageous manner carry out.

To easily adjust the spread rate per section automatically to the prevailing conditions of use or nutrient supply to adapt the soil in an advantageous manner, it is provided that for the Adjustment of the dosing means an electronic control device is provided, that one or more prescription cards are stored in the control device, that due to the prescription cards in connection with a Positioning system the application rate of the to be applied Quantity of material by setting and / or adjusting the metering elements is determinable.

Further details of the invention are the example description and the Take drawings. Show here

Fig. 1 is a centrifugal fertilizer broadcaster in a side view and in basic representation,

Fig. 2 shows the centrifugal fertilizer broadcaster in a view from the rear and in basic representation,

Fig. 3 shows the centrifugal fertilizer broadcaster in a view from the rear and in basic representation,

Fig. 4 shows the spread fan and the scattering of the of the centrifugal fertilizer broadcaster according to FIGS. 1 and 2 produced material distribution in a schematic and simplified representation and

Fig. 5 shows another centrifugal fertilizer spreader in side view and in principle for implementation according to the spreading method according to the invention.

The centrifugal fertilizer spreader has the two storage containers 1 and 2 arranged one behind the other and the support frame 3 . The two storage containers 1 and 2 are separated from one another by the dividing wall 4 . This partition wall 4 separating the two storage containers 1 and 2 can be arranged to be removable, pivotable, lowerable or foldable.

The two storage containers 1 and 2 are divided in their lower region by the roof-shaped central part 6 which extends transversely to the direction of travel 5 . In its upper region, the support frame 3 has the cross member 7 assigned to the roof-shaped central part 6 which runs transverse to the direction of travel 5 . The cross member 7 is connected to the storage containers 1 and 2 and forms part of the wall of the storage containers 1 and 2 and the roof-shaped central part 6 . The frame 3 has the upper cross bar 8, which runs transversely to the direction of travel 5 and is arranged in front of the storage container 1 . At a distance from one another, the downwardly extending lower link supports 9 are arranged on this crossbar 8 , on which the lower link connections 10 are arranged. Of these, lower link supports 9 from each extend rearward support struts 11 which are connected on the back with a lower cross-member 12th At a distance from these lower struts 11 projecting to the rear are arranged above these struts 13 , which also project to the rear, on which again a crossbar 14 connecting the back of these struts 13 is arranged.

On the downwardly projecting lower link supports 9 of the support frame 3 , supports 15 are attached which rise upwards and backwards and engage on the cross member 7 .

Furthermore, the two storage containers 1 and 2 are divided in their lower region into the outlet funnels 1 ', 1 '', 2 ', 2 '' by the further roof-shaped central part 16 which runs in the direction of travel 5 .

Below this roof-shaped central part 16 , which runs in the direction of travel 5 , there is an upright support element 17 , which is designed as a hollow profile and is connected to the cross member 7 and the cross beam 8 of the support frame 3 in the region of the upper link connection 18 . Furthermore, this support element 17 is connected to the roof-shaped central part 16 extending in the direction of travel 5 in its upper region. In addition, this support element 17 is connected to the two cross members 12 and 14 . The front area of the support element 17 forms the upper link connection 18 . The upper link connection 18 is thus integrated in the front part of the support element 17 .

The crossbar 8 is arranged below the upper link connection 18 and connected to the support element 17 . Drive elements for the agitator shaft and the spreading device are arranged within the support element 17 , which is designed as a hollow profile, as described below.

This design of the support frame 3 with the cross member 7 and the cross beam 8 , the supports 15 and the support element 17 creates a lightweight, load-bearing frame construction for the support frame 3 .

As mentioned before, the two storage containers 1 and 2 are each divided into the outlet funnels 1 ', 1 '', 2 ', 2 '' by the roof-shaped central part 16 extending in the direction of travel 5 in the lower region.

A centrifugal disc 19 or 20 with throwing blades 21 , 21 ', 22 , 22 ' arranged thereon is assigned to each lower funnel end of the storage containers 1 and 2 . The throwing blades 21 , 21 ', 22 , 22 ' can be adjusted in the disc plane with different angles to the radial, in order to be able to achieve a uniform fertilizer distribution due to the different angular positioning of the throwing blades 21 , 21 ', 22 , 22 ' for different types of material and working widths .

Furthermore, it can be provided that differently designed throwing blades or Centrifugal disc sets to adapt to different working width and Spreading ranges are used.

For this reason, the centrifugal disks 19 and 20 are interchangeably arranged on their drive shafts 23 . The centrifugal disks 19 and 20 are driven by the tractor PTO on the input gear 24 and by gear trains. The two angular gears 25 are arranged on the lower crossbar 12 at a distance S of 1500 mm. On the shafts 23 of the angular gear 25 , the centrifugal disks 19 are interchangeably arranged. The angular gears 25 , which carry the centrifugal disks 20 , are also arranged on the upper crossbar 14 at a distance S of 1500 mm.

Metering elements 26 are assigned to the funnel ends. The funnel ends of the rear storage container 2 are designed as base plates 27 with outlet openings which can be adjusted and closed in terms of their opening width by means of slides 28 , and metering members 26 are assigned. The slider 28 can be adjusted by means of adjustment elements. The opening width can be determined via stop elements 29 , which interact with scales 30 . It is also possible to set the slide 28 electronically by means of electrical setting elements.

The front ends of the hopper, a respective assigned to the material from the hopper to the centrifugal discs 19 ends conductive guide element 31st This guide element 31 is designed as a feed shaft with a metering element 26 arranged at its lower ends. The feed shaft 31 is continuously widening downwards. This dosing member 26 has a base plate 27 with an outlet opening. The opening width of the outlet opening can be adjusted and closed by a slide 28 . The slider 28 can be adjusted by means of adjustment elements. The opening width can be adjusted via stop elements 29 which interact with scales 30 . It is also possible to set the slide 28 electrically by means of electronic setting elements.

The scales 30 and stop elements 29 can be arranged on the side of the machine or on its rear. Above each base plate 27 , a stirring element 32 is arranged on a stirring shaft 33 and 33 'which extends through the support element. An agitator shaft 33 ″ with agitator elements 32 ′ extending through the support element is also assigned to the front end of the funnel.

On the centrifugal disc drive shafts 23 , centrifugal discs 19 and 20 with throwing blades 21 , 21 ', 22 , 22 ' are arranged, the outer parts of which can describe orbits of different sizes or can circulate at different peripheral speeds.

The material m over a working width A of 48 and more to be able to distribute the centrifugal discs 20 with the longer throwing vane 22 and the shorter throwing blade are on the upper centrifugal disc drive shafts 23, positioned 22 '. These longer throwing blades 22 have a length L such that they rotate at their discharge edges 34 at a speed of 30 to 45 m / sec., Preferably 41% m / sec, while the shorter throwing blades 22 'have a length I such that it with its outer end 34 'at a rotational speed of 28-36 m / sec. preferably 33 m / sec. circulate. Furthermore, the outer lower guide surfaces of at least the longer throwing blade have an angle of attack of 10 to 30 °, preferably of approximately 22 ° to the horizontal. These centrifugal disks 20 with the throwing blades 22 , 22 'sprinkle the outer working width region 35 and produce the spreading compartments 36 , 36 ' and the fertilizer distribution 37 , 37 'shown below. The centrifugal disks 19 with the shorter throwing blades 21 and 21 ′ and the longer throwing blades 21 are arranged on the lower centrifugal disc drive shafts 23 . These longer throwing blades 21 are of a length a such that their outer scattering edge 38 has a peripheral speed of 25 to 31 m / sec., Preferably approximately 29 m / sec. revolve, while the shorter throwing blade 21 'has a length b such that its outer scattering edge 38 ' at a circumferential speed of 18 to 24 m / sec., preferably 21 m / sec. circulates. The throwing blades 21 , 21 'of the lower centrifugal disks 19 produce the spreading fans 39 , 39 ' and distribute the material in accordance with the spreading thickness 40 , 40 'shown schematically in FIG. 3. The materials spread by means of the 4 centrifugal disks, as can be seen in FIG. 3 below, are in four mutually adjacent and at least partially overlapping scatter strips, which, as the dash-dotted line indicates, result in a uniform material distribution 41 in a working width path over the working width A, applied.

By switching off the material supply by means of the metering elements 26 , the working width A can optionally be reduced to the right or left half-sided working width A 'or A'', as can easily be seen from FIG. 3. Furthermore, as can be seen from FIG. 3, the working width A can be reduced in four partial steps according to the partial working width T by switching off the metering elements independently according to the area to be sprinkled. The amount of material can also be changed in four working sections T. For this purpose, the metering elements 26 are connected to a control device, not shown. One or more prescription cards are stored in this control device. On the basis of the application maps, in conjunction with a location determination system, the application of the quantity of material to be discharged can be changed by adjusting or adjusting individual metering elements 26 in working width ranges T or the working width can be reduced by switching off individual metering elements 26 or increased by switching on individual metering elements.

If a tramline system is not to work from 40 to 48 m, but from 30 to 36 m, instead of the above-described centrifugal discs with throwing vanes arranged thereon, other centrifugal discs with corresponding throwing blades should be arranged on the centrifugal disc drive shafts. In a 36 m- tramline system have then the longer throwing blades 22 for the outer working width portion 35 at its spreading edge 34 has a peripheral speed of 37-44 m / sec., Preferably 41 m / sec. on, while the shorter throwing blades 22 'of these centrifugal disks have a rotational speed at their scattering edge 34 ' of 30-36 m / sec., preferably 33 m / sec. exhibit. The centrifugal discs with throwing elements 21, 21 'for the respective inner scattering strips have a length such that the longer throwing vanes 21 at their throwing vane discharge ends 38 a peripheral speed of 22-27 m / sec., Preferably about 24 m / sec. have, while the associated shorter throwing blades 21 'at their discharge ends 38 ' have a rotational speed before 17-21 m / sec., preferably about 19 m / sec. exhibit.

If a tramline system is not to work from 40 to 48 m, but from 20 to 28 m, instead of the above-described centrifugal disks with throwing vanes arranged thereon, other centrifugal disks with corresponding throwing vanes should be arranged on the centrifugal disk drive shafts. In a 36 m-tramline system have then the longer throwing blades 22 for the outer working width portion 35 at its spreading edge 34 has a peripheral speed of 31-37m / sec., Preferably 34 m / sec. while the shorter throwing blades 22 'of these centrifugal disks have a rotational speed at their scattering edge 34 ' of 27-33 m / sec., preferably 24 m / sec. exhibit. The centrifugal discs with throwing elements 21, 21 'for the respective inner scattering strips have a length such that the longer throwing vanes 21 at their throwing vane discharge ends 38 a peripheral speed of 17-22 m / sec., Preferably about 19 m / sec. have, while the associated shorter throwing blades 21 'at their discharge ends 38 ' have a rotational speed of 14-20 m / sec., preferably about 17 m / sec. exhibit.

The representation of the scattering manner in Fig. 3 also applies mutatis mutandis for working width A from 30 to 36 m and from 20 to 28 m in accordance with the corresponding fertilizer distribution.

FIG. 4 shows a further device for spreading granular material. This device has a first centrifugal broadcaster 43 , which is arranged on the front linkage of an agricultural tractor 42 . On the rear of the tractor 42 , the other spreader 44 is coupled to the three-point linkage.

The centrifugal broadcaster 43 has the storage container 1 , the two metering elements 26 , the two centrifugal disks 19 arranged at a distance of 1.50 m from one another, with the longer throwing blade 21 and shorter throwing blade 21 'arranged thereon. The centrifugal broadcaster 44 has the storage container 2 , the two metering elements 26 , the two centrifugal disks 20 arranged at a distance of 1.50 m from one another, with the longer throwing blade 22 and shorter throwing blade 22 'arranged thereon.

The operation of the device consisting of two centrifugal spreaders 43 and 44 corresponds to the centrifugal spreader according to FIGS. 1 and 2, so that this device also works accordingly and distributes the fertilizer as shown in FIG. 3. The statements made for the centrifugal spreader according to FIGS. 1 and 2 also apply to the device according to FIG. 4.

Claims (7)

1. Device for spreading granular material, in particular fertilizer and / or seeds with at least one storage container with adjustable metering elements and associated spreading devices, which are preferably designed as rotating driven centrifugal disks on which at least two throwing vanes are arranged, characterized in that the device Four metering elements ( 26 ) and four centrifugal disks ( 19 , 20 ), each with at least two throwing vanes ( 21 , 21 ', 22 , 22 '), preferably of different lengths, that the material to be dispensed by means of the four centrifugal disks ( 19 , 20 ) four adjacent and at least partially overlapping spreading strips ( 37 , 37 ', 40 , 40 ') which result in a uniform material distribution ( 41 ) in a working width web (A) can be applied. 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that two centrifugal disks ( 19 ) with associated metering elements ( 26 ) and storage containers ( 1 ) on the front of a tractor ( 42 ) and two centrifugal disks ( 20 ) with associated metering elements ( 26 ) and storage containers ( 2 ) are arranged on the back of the tractor. 3. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the four centrifugal disks ( 19 , 20 ) with associated metering elements ( 26 ) and storage containers ( 1 , 2 ) are arranged on the rear of the agricultural tractor. 4. The method for using the device on one or more of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that for distributing the material over a working width range (A) of 40 to 48 m and more centrifugal discs ( 19 , 20 ) with throwing elements ( 22 , 22nd ') can be used for the respective outer spreading strips ( 35 , 35 '), the throwing vane discharge ends ( 34 ) of the longer throwing vane ( 22 ) have a rotational speed of 37 to 45 m / sec, preferably approx. 41 m / sec and the shorter throwing vane ( 22 ') have a rotational speed of 28 to 36 m / sec, preferably about 33 m / sec, and centrifugal disks ( 19 ) with throwing elements ( 21 , 21 ') are used for the respective inner scattering strips, the throwing blade ends ( 38 ) of which are the longer throwing blades ( 21 ) have a circulation speed of 25 to 32 m / sec, preferably approx. 29 m / sec and the shorter throwing blade ( 21 ') a circulation speed of 18 to 24 m / sec, preferably approx. 21 m / sec. 5. The method for using the device on one or more of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that for distributing the material over a working width range (A) of 30 to 36 m centrifugal discs ( 20 ) with throwing elements ( 22 , 22 ') for the outer scattering strips ( 35 , 35 ') are used in each case, the throwing vane throwing ends ( 34 ) of which the longer throwing vane ( 22 ) has a circulating speed of 37 to 44 m / sec, preferably approximately 41 m / sec, and the shorter throwing vane ( 22 ') has a circulating speed from 30 to 36 m / sec, preferably approx. 33 m / sec, and centrifugal disks ( 19 ) with throwing elements ( 21 , 21 ') are used for the respective inner scattering strips, the throwing blade dropping ends ( 38 ) of the longer throwing blade ( 21 ) of which Circulation speed of 22 to 27 m / sec, preferably approx. 24 m / sec and the shorter throwing blade ( 21 ') have a circulation speed of 17 to 21 m / sec, preferably approx. 19 m / sec. 6. The method for using the device on one or more of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that for distributing the material over a working width range of 20 to 28 m preferably 24 m centrifugal discs ( 20 ) with throwing elements ( 22 , 22 ') for each outer scattering strips ( 35 , 35 ') are used, the throwing shovel ends ( 34 ) of which the longer throwing blade ( 22 ) has a circulating speed of 31 to 37 m / sec, preferably approximately 34 m / sec and the shorter throwing blade ( 22 ') has a circulating speed of 27 to 33 m / sec, preferably about 30 m / sec, and centrifugal disks ( 19 ) with throwing elements ( 21 , 21 ') are used for the respective inner scattering strips, the throwing vane dropping ends ( 38 ) of the longer throwing vane ( 21 ) of which are at a rotational speed from 17 to 22 m / sec, preferably approx. 19 m / sec and the shorter throwing blade ( 21 ') have a rotational speed of 14 to 19 m / sec, preferably approx. 17 m / sec. 7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that an electronic control device is provided for the setting of the metering elements ( 26 ) that application cards are stored in the control device that the application quantity of the material quantity to be dispensed by setting and in connection with a location determination system / or adjustment of the metering elements ( 26 ) can be determined.