DE19731485C2 - Method for laying coverings on substrates and leveling mortar dry mortar mixture - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a method for laying coverings on substrates as well as a leveling compound dry mortar mixture.

Until the 40s of our century, houses were kon mainly with heavy bricks and heavy wooden beams built ceilings. Their big weights and this type of Woh partition walls and apartment ceilings guarantee a adequate sound insulation. This "heavy" design was over the 40s through lighter materials and solid ceilings (Concrete ceilings) replaced. The requirements for impact sound protection by these building materials according to DIN 4109 by far not reached. Therefore, in normal solid construction Ver use of a floating screed (eg at least 45 mm cement screed on standardized, soft-spring insulating underlay Concrete floor and screed panel according to DIN 18 164, Part 2: Foam Plastics - Insulation materials for impact sound insulation and DIN 18 165, Part 1: Fiber insulation - Insulation for impact sound insulation) is the rule of the art.

By this bivalve system is a sufficiently high Sound insulation achieved. The basis of the insulating materials according to DIN 18 164 and DIN 18 165 make polystyrene, rubber, mineral fibers o. Ä., With structure-borne sound contacts to the building, especially in Wall connection area must be prevented.

The determination of the expected impact sound insulation with floating screeds consists of the sound insulation of the raw slab and the improvement measure and is carried out according to the following equation:

TSM = TSM _eg + VM - 2dB

(TSM _eg = equivalent impact sound insulation)

The impact noise reduction factor TSM is calculated according to the equation:

TSM = 63 - Ln, w (dB)

(Ln, w is the equivalent weighted standard impact sound level of soffit)

Impact sound insulation is to DIN 52 210 as impact sound reduction measured acoustically. The sound intensity is expressed in decibels (dB) measured.

The known impact sound improvement measures are:

• - single-skinned wooden beam ceiling with intermediate bed
• - double-skin ceilings, d. H. between paving and wood beams and underside cladding
• - Floating screed with insulation as low as possible ger dynamic stiffness of the insulating materials
• - Floating wooden floors with TS insulation layer
• - resilient pads
• - Walls and ceiling with a high grammage
• - Low noise installation elements / insulation between Installation and construction carried out consistently
• - Move a blanket with spring attachment to sub ceiling.

Sound insulation is required against impact sound transmission at:

• - cellar ceilings (laundry rooms, dry floors)
• - Intermediate floor
• - ceilings under open garages, passageways
• - ceilings under attic rooms.

The users (eg tenants) of apartments should be against sound transfers of other residents protected in other apartments become.  

Therefore, it should allow a good soundproofing the residents of a house or apartment, to develop as freely as possible in their own four walls, without the neighbors unintentionally witness every expression of life. For a residential quilt, the minimum requirement for impact sound insulation with the impact sound insulation index TSM = 0 dB was required by the end of the 1980s. According to the DIN 4109 "sound insulation in building construction" edition November 1989 and the VDI 4100 "sound insulation of dwellings" an increased sound protection TSM is demanded. The relationship between noise level and rated standard impact sound level (and at the same time impact sound insulation level) approximates the following graph:

In the DIN standard 4109, November 1989 edition, values for the necessary impact sound insulation of staircases in multi-storey flats are given for the first time. Here, requirements for a rated standard sound pressure level of 58 dB (impact noise reduction of 5 dB) are specified. In the long term, however, the recommended higher impact sound pressure levels L'n, w (footfall soundness TSM) recommended for impact sound transmission should be sought, as shown in the table below:

The minimum requirements for the assessed construction sound insulation measure and the impact sound insulation for important components of Wohnhäu are listed in Table 1.6, Columns 3 and 4, DIN 52210 T4, played. The DIN standard 4109 also contains Min minimum requirements for additional components for an increased Sound insulation and standard values for sound insulation in your own Living and work area. There are millions of people in Germany Apartments of older years for renovation. Especially in the new eastern areas, there is an enormous need for remediation. In the course of these measures must also continuously gestie requirements for sound insulation are taken into account. The achievement of a footfall protection measure is only possible through additional measures on the raw concrete ceilings and / or the wood beam constructions possible. In the proof of impact sound protection of ceiling constructions may only the floating Screed and possibly laid documents for flooring in the Calculation to be included, but not soft springy Floor coverings, as these are exchanged by the user at any time  and their degree of improvement can occur as a result the wear does not remain constant.

The present invention therefore an object of the, by a new insulating thin-film material of a new material Zusam  composition with the following advantages: To improve the requirements for modern living.

The advantages in detail are:

• - weight savings
• - Thickness reduction of the screed distribution to be applied plate as thin screed up to 20 mm layer thickness separating layer
• - Self-supporting
• - Waiver of insulation documents
• - High elasticity of the new thin screed
• - Improvement of thermal insulation compared to conventional Insulation materials
• - Increased impact sound insulation
• - Excellent adhesion on wooden substrates
• - Ecologically and environmentally friendly base for all known, with low-emission adhesives too adhesive, flexible (PVC, polyolefin, carpet, Rubber, linoleum) and rigid (ceramic) floor coverings.

The solution to this problem provides a method for laying floor coverings on substrates, in which one for the substrates a known Spach telmasse based on Portland cement, high-alumina cement and calcium sulfate (source of type K cement), which is suitable for the formation of ettringite ge is, with 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydroxyadipinsäure, or with 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydroxyadipinsäure which up to 50 weight percent is replaced by citric acid, tartaric acid, gluconic acid, malic acid and / or lactic acid and / or their alkali metal salts, as Condenser in an amount of 0.15 to 1.0 weight percent and with a mixture of synthetic latex, which may be wholly or partially replaced by a carboxylgruppenhalti butadiene / styrene copolymer and / or by a acrylic acid remischester polymer treated ver milled hard fibers, amino acid polycondensation fibers and polyurethane foam mixed in an amount of 10 to 20 weight percent and the T thus obtained Rockenmörtelmischung with a saponification-resistant dispersion of a carboxyl-containing butadiene / styrene copolymer with extremely low emission values of max. 300 ug / m ³ in an amount of 4 to 8 weight percent, based on the dry mortar mixture, elasticized, the resulting mixture turns with water, applied to the ground and allowed to dry and then on the thus obtained quick-thin-layer coating with a thickness of 10 to 30 mm and with improved impact sound insulation (TSM) of dL _W = 12 dB / VM = 12 dB a solvent-free synthetic resin dispersion with a max. Emission of 300 μg / m ³ and containing not more than 15% by weight of a natural rosin ester-based tackifier and / or of synthetic resins and containing an emulsifier based on sulphated and / or sulphonated hydroxy octadecenoic acids and / or their high molecular weight triglycerides of 1 to 5 wt .-%, based on the synthetic resin dispersion, wherein the tackifier is adjusted to a pH value of 4 to 6, applying and then laid the coating thereon.

The invention also relates to the said Method prepared dry mortar mixture.

The entire filler-fiber blend is environmentally friendly recycling materials and can be recycled by recycling lead back into the material cycle. It is biology harmless.

By treating the hard fibers with synthetic latex and / or highly elastic, saponification-resistant, carboxyl group-containing butadiene / styrene copolymers and / or acrylic acid mixed ester polymers give the fibers more jump elasticity. The grinding of the hardboard base material is required to open the outer shell of these fibers (like in the flax fiber for the production of linen) or zer disturb and thus a continuous, d. H. impregnating latexie tion of the actual fiber content to achieve. Despite the Grinding remains the fiber character (fiber length: 1 to 6 mm) receive. Examples of hard fibers (DIN 60001 / I) are coco  or sisal. In addition, the milled hard fibers can after the Latexieren be pressed. The polyurethane foam can out ground PU foam boards, so from production waste come.

The resulting fiber-filler-mineral binder of the invention He is before processing with 4-8 weight percent of a saponification-resistant, carboxyl-containing butadiene / Sty rol copolymer dispersion with emission levels of max. 300 μg / mg ³ and the resulting mixture with about 15-20% water, applied to the substrate and allowed to dry. The application thickness on PE layer is 10 to 15 mm on wooden planks and as self-leveling, self-supporting thin screed 25 mm, z. B. on raw concrete. Other suitable substrates are, for example, composite and floating screeds. The impact sound improvement measure, determined in accordance with DIN 52210 "Building Acoustical Tests, Air and Trichloric Damping", on a 16 cm thick steel-concrete ceiling with a smooth surface revealed:
Impact sound improvement dL _W = 12 dB
Improvement measure VM = 12 dB.

After 48 hours dehydration time is the remaining household dampness of the inventive mixture max. 3 CM-% (Fastbestim Moisture by the calcium carbide method), so that Any flooring with the low-water, low-emission, solution medium-free (also high-boiling) dispersion adhesives according to DE 196 20 176 A1 and hard covering (Kera mik) with elastic Dünnbettmörtelkleber safely glued can be.

Basis of the new filler is, for example, from DE-OS 26 26 126 known ettringite formation by the swelling cement Type K, namely Portland cement, high alumina cement and Calcium sulfate. Here are the well-known additives, the minera metallic fillers, sand and / or carbonates and redispersed bare plastic powders, such as polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol  ung / or their copolymers and / or acrylic acid esters, added.

The inventively used condenser 2,3,4,5-Tetrahy droxyadipic acid can accumulate up to 50% due to other condenser Base of hydroxycarboxylic acids and / or their alkali metal salts, such as Citric acid, citrates, tartaric acid, tartrates, gluconic acid, glu conate, malic acid and / or lactic acid, be replaced. All mentioned condenser act at the same time as (setting) delays rer. In this screed mortar, as already above listed, recycled fiber blends incorporated.

Due to the extremely high liquefaction of the mortar adhere to the Spackle particles on the fibers and the other grind NEN filler particles by the Waals'sche forces, elec trostatic forces and fluid bridges. By the latexie tion of the fiber materials after milling and, if necessary, before Pressing the sound insulating material mixture is the Glät surprising process of the inventive mortar not disturbed.

To increase the hydrophobicity of the compositions according to the invention he the addition of 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid follows. Free cal Cations from the source-K-based foundation will be added to these Linked to the carboxyl groups, so that another Increase in liquefaction and / or increased hydrophobicity achieved and a dissolution and peeling the fillers surface in the micro range due to the effect of water from higher water-based, solvent-free dispersion adhesives safely prevented.

Advantages of the invention are:

• 1. Use of the known per se mineral source cement Type K with the addition of new, liquefying Additives based on 2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxyadipic acid and  
• 2. an inventive new hydrophobizing additive of 2.5- Furan dicarboxylic acid.
• 3. Installation of a mixture of latex-milled Hartfa fibers, amino acid polycondensation fibers and polyurethane Foam.
• 4. Self-supporting, self-leveling thin screed with min. 10 mm to max. 30 mm application thickness on PE release liner.
• 5. Fast dehydration with max. 3 CM-% Residual mortar moisture after 48 hours with immediate installation of all known elastic floor coverings (PVC, rubber, polyolefin, linoleum, carpet) and hard floor coverings (ceramics) with new water-soluble dispersion adhesives with lowest emission level of max. 300 μg / m ³ (measurement on the 10th day) according to DE 196 20 176 A1 "Method for laying coverings on substrates".
• 6. Impact sound improvement according to DIN 4109 "Sound insulation in building construction" and DIN 52210 "Building acoustics, airborne and impact sound insulation" with a hardened 25 mm mortar layer thickness of the invention with dL _W = 12 dB and VM = 12 dB.
• 7. Improvement of thermal insulation compared to conventional Ze mente painted.
• 8. Abandonment of odor nuisance and emissions. Thereby is the process of the invention optimally environmental, ver work and use friendly.
• 9. The thin-film quick mortar compensation according to the method according to the invention adheres from 10 mm to 25 mm both on Old coverings without having to be torn out by laying a PE film of, for example, 0.1 to 0.2 mm thick as well as on wood flooring or rigid zemen tary undergrounds.

The following example illustrates the invention:

example 79.0% by weight Leveling compound of the known binder Type K source cement without condenser and retarder 0.5% by weight 2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxyadipic acid 0.5% by weight 2,5-furan dicarboxylic acid 20.0% by weight latex milled hard fibers, amino acid polycondensation fibers with PU foam AL = R <100.0% by weight

100 kg of the thin-layer mortar of the invention are denoted by 8 kg of a 50 percent non-ionic, stabilized, versi Resistant dispersion of a carboxyl-containing Bu tadiene / styrene copolymers and mixed with 22 liters of Lei water to a self-leveling thin-mix mortar stirred and between 10 to max. 25 mm on the o. G. below reasons applied.

Above example, calculated for:
All ingredients without mixing water = 100%

92.6% by weight Dry mortar according to the invention incl. fibers and additives 7.4% by weight a 50 percent dispersion of a carboxyl-containing butadiene / styrene copolymer AL = R <100.0% by weight

100 kg of the elasticized with said dispersion mortar will self-level with 20.4 liters of tap water the mortar touched and in the layer thicknesses mentioned on the applied substrates.  

Already after 48 hours, elastic coverings can be bonded with absolutely solvent-free, low-emission (below 300 μg / m ³ ) and environmentally friendly, low-water dispersion adhesives of DE 196 20 176 A1 "Method for Laying Surfaces on Substrates". Following the application of the adhesive, the coating is applied.

In addition to bonding elastic coverings can be on the thin Screed according to the invention ceramic floor coverings with hochfle xible thin-bed adhesives in accordance with DIN 18 157 in the thin bed process be glued.

Claims (6)

1. A method for laying coverings on substrates, wherein for the substrates a known putty based on Portland cement, alumina cement and calcium sulfate (type K source), which is suitable for forming an Ettringitphase, with 2,3,4 5-tetrahydroxyadipic acid or with 2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxyadipic acid, which is up to 50 percent by weight replaced by citric acid, tartaric acid, gluconic acid, malic acid and / or lactic acid and / or their alkali metal salts, as Ver liquid in an amount of 0, From 15 to 1.0 percent by weight and with a synthetic latex blend which may be wholly or partially replaced by a carboxyl group-containing butadiene / styrene copolymer and / or an acrylic mixed ester polymerized polymer, treated milled hard fibers, amino acid polycondensation fibers and polyurethane foam in an amount from 10 to 20 percent by weight mixed and the resulting dry mortar mixture with a saponification permanent dispersion of a carboxyl-containing butadiene / styrene copolymer having emission values of max. 300 μg / m ³ in an amount of 4 to 8 weight percent, in each case based on the dry mortar mixture, elasticized, the resulting mixture turns with water, applied to the ground and allowed to dry and then to the thus obtained quick-thin-layer screed with a thickness of 10 up to 30 mm and with improved impact sound insulation (TSM) of dL _W = 12 dB / VM = 12 dB a solvent-free, with emission values of max. 300 μg / m ³ low-emission synthetic resin dispersion with a water content of not more than 15 percent, containing a natural resin ester-based tackifier and / or synthetic resins and containing a sulfated and / or sulfonated emulsifier Hydroxy-octadecenoic acids and / or their high molecular weight triglycerides of 1 to 5 weight percent, based on the synthetic resin dispersion, wherein the tackifier is adjusted to a pH of 4 to 6, and then applied the coating thereon. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized gekennzeich net, that in the filler 0.1 to 1.0 weight percent of a 2,5-furandicarboxylic incorporated. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized marked records that as hard fibers coconut fibers ver applies. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized ge indicates that one uses hard fibers, the after milling and latexing have been pressed. 5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized ge indicates that one in the synthetic resin dispersion as stabilizing agent amino-2-methyl-1-propanol in one Amount of 0.15 to 1.0 percent by weight. 6. Leveling compound dry mortar mixture based on Port land cement, high-alumina cement and calcium sulfate (swelling cement of type K), which is suitable for the formation of an ettringite phase, with 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydroxyadipinsäure, or with 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydroxyadipinsäure the up to 50 weight percent by citric acid, tartaric acid, gluconic acid, malic acid and / or lactic acid and / or their alkali metal salts is replaced as Condenser in an amount of 0.15 to 1.0 weight percent and with a mixture of synthetic latex, whole or partly by a carboxyl-containing butadiene / styrene Coplymerisat and / or by an acrylic acid mixed polymer sat can be substituted, treated milled hard fibers, Amino acid polycondensation fibers and polyurethane foam in an amount of 10 to 20 weight percent, each based on the total dry mortar mix.