DE19720428A1

DE19720428A1 - Vaporising device for fluids

Info

Publication number: DE19720428A1
Application number: DE1997120428
Authority: DE
Inventors: Peter Dr Ing Lell
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1996-10-15
Filing date: 1997-05-15
Publication date: 1998-11-19

Abstract

The fluid (17) is located in a vessel and vaporised by a heatable heating element so that the ensuing dry hot steam flows out under increased pressure from a housing through holes. The hot steam is condensed through cooling in the surrounding air into the smallest drops to produce the mist. The heating element can be heated by pyrotechnical heating mixture, electricity, heat pump. The heating element forms part of a heating system and thermal energy can be introduced into the heating element through a liquid heat carrier such as a melted or vaporised substance. The heating mixture can be electrically activated by passing current through a graphite or carbon core or thin metal wire.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft die am 15.10.96 in der Fassung vom 14.10.96 angemeldete Vorrichtung zum autarken Verdampfen bzw. Vernebeln von Flüssigkeiten.The invention relates to the device registered on 10/15/96 in the version of 10/14/96 for self-sufficient evaporation or atomization of liquids.

Es werden hier weitere vorteilhafte Gestaltungen aufgezeigt, die sowohl die Fertigung der Baugruppe vereinfachen und verbilligen, als auch die Funktion stabilisieren, die die ausgesto ßene Nebelmenge bzw. den Grad der Umsetzung des Nebelfluids erhöhen und den Bereich der Anwendungsmöglichkeiten vergrößern.There are shown further advantageous designs that both the manufacture of Simplify and cheapen assembly, as well as stabilize the function that the ejected increase the amount of fog or the degree of implementation of the fog fluid and the range of Enlarge application possibilities.

Fig. 8 to 10

(die Positionsangaben sind mit der ersten Anmeldung Nr.: 19642574 vom 15.10.96 harmoni siert, jedes Detail ist nur einfach, neu hinzugekommene Details wurden mit höheren Zahlen belegt. Die Details Nr. 1 bis 32 sind in Fig. 1 bis 7 der Anmeldung vom 15.10.96 wiedergege ben, die Details ab Nr. 33 kommen hier neu hinzu, die Nummerierung der Figuren startet hier ab 8).(The position information is harmonized with the first application no .: 19642574 from 10/15/96, every detail is only simple, newly added details have been given higher numbers. Details 1 to 32 are in FIGS. 1 to 7 of the application reproduced from 10/15/96, the details from No. 33 are added here, the numbering of the figures starts here from 8).

Gezeichnet ist eine weitere Ausgestaltung des Heizkörpers (1) der Nebelkartusche, der wie der Heizkörper von Fig. 3, 4, 5, 6 oder 7 in den mit Nebelfluid gefüllten Topf/Gehäuse (16) ein taucht. Anders als dort ist er aber zweigeteilt in den eigentlichen Heizkörper (1) und einen Kühlkörper (44). Oder anders gesagt, die vorgestellte Lösung nähert zum einen das in den Metallkern/Heizkörper eingegossene Verdampferrohr nach Fig. 6 an, zum anderen ermög licht der Ersatz des Verdampferrohrs durch die in den Metallkern/Heizkörper eingedrehten Rillen eine bessere Anpassung der Dampfquerschnitte beim Vergrößern oder Verkleinern der Baugruppe (in der Praxis ist nicht jeder Rohrquerschnitt, der benötigt würde verfügbar, wäh rend der Querschnitt der Rille im Metallkern/Heizkörper fast beliebig gedreht bzw. angepaßt werden kann.A further embodiment of the radiator ( 1 ) of the mist cartridge is shown, which, like the radiator of Fig. 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7, plunges into the pot / housing ( 16 ) filled with mist fluid. Unlike there, it is divided into two parts: the actual heating element ( 1 ) and a cooling element ( 44 ). In other words, the solution presented on the one hand approximates the evaporator tube cast into the metal core / radiator according to FIG. 6, on the other hand, the replacement of the evaporator tube by the grooves screwed into the metal core / radiator enables better adaptation of the steam cross sections when enlarging or reducing the assembly (in practice not every pipe cross-section that would be required is available, while the cross-section of the groove in the metal core / radiator can be rotated or adapted almost as desired.

Der Reihe nach laufen hier, zeitlich geordnet, folgende Vorgänge ab:The following processes take place in order, in chronological order:

Nach dem Anzünden setzt die pyrotechnische Heizmischung (8) im Metallkern bzw. Heizkör per (1 bzw. hier 48) um und heizt diesen auf. Dieser gibt seine Wärmeenergie über die Stege (45) des Rillenteils an den darübergeschobenen Kühlkörper (44) ab. Dieser erhitzt sich nun ebenfalls und das an ihm anliegende Nebelfluid (17, Fig. 1), das er schließlich verdampft.After lighting, the pyrotechnic heating mixture ( 8 ) in the metal core or radiator ( 1 or 48 here) converts and heats it up. This emits its thermal energy via the webs ( 45 ) of the groove part to the heat sink ( 44 ) pushed over it. This now also heats up and the mist fluid ( 17 , FIG. 1) which is in contact with it and which it finally evaporates.

Der noch nasse Dampf dringt in die Bohrung (32, Fig. 10) ein, strömt durch das Loch (33) und sammelt sich im oberen Sammelquerschnitt (49). Von dort strömt der Dampf in den dar unterliegenden Sammelquerschnitt (50) des Heizkörpers (48) und dann durch die Rille bzw. die evtl. mehrgängig eingedrehten Rillen (51, Fig. 9), wo er weiter erhitzt wird und in der unteren Sammelrille (52) des Heizkörpers (48) gesammelt wird. Er strömt dann in die darü berliegende Sammelrille (53) des Kühlkörpers (44), dabei durch die Bohrung (41) in die Rohr aufnahme (42), wo er dann im Austrittsrohr (47) durch den Deckel (19, Fig. 1) nach außen geleitet wird und während des Kontaktes bzw. der Verwirbelung mit der kühlen Außenluft in Nebel umschlägt. The still wet steam penetrates the bore ( 32 , Fig. 10), flows through the hole ( 33 ) and collects in the upper collecting cross-section ( 49 ). From there, the steam flows into the collecting cross section ( 50 ) of the heating element ( 48 ) underneath and then through the groove or the grooves ( 51 , FIG. 9), which may be screwed in several ways, where it is heated further and in the lower collecting groove ( 52 ) of the radiator ( 48 ) is collected. It then flows into the overlying collecting groove ( 53 ) of the heat sink ( 44 ), thereby through the bore ( 41 ) into the tube receptacle ( 42 ), where it then passes through the cover ( 19 , FIG. 1) in the outlet tube ( 47 ) . is directed to the outside and turns into fog during contact or swirling with the cool outside air.

Nur dadurch, daß der Verdampfungsraum, d. h. die Rillen (51) nun nicht mehr von der relativ kalten Nebelflüssigkeit umgeben sind und die Temperatur am Ort der Rillen sich aufgrund des Temperaturgefälles zwischen dem Heizkörperinnenraum und der jeweiligen Temperatur des außen am Kühlkörper anliegenden Nebelfluids einstellt, liegt die Verdampfungstemperatur nun erstmals deutlich über der Siedetemperatur des Nebelfluids und erreicht so die ca. 300°C, die für die spätere effektive Nebelwirkung notwendig ist.Only because the evaporation chamber, ie the grooves ( 51 ) are no longer surrounded by the relatively cold fog liquid and the temperature at the location of the grooves is due to the temperature gradient between the interior of the radiator and the respective temperature of the fog fluid present on the outside of the heat sink the evaporation temperature now for the first time significantly above the boiling point of the fog fluid and thus reaches the approx. 300 ° C, which is necessary for the later effective fog effect.

Gleichzeitig wirkt der relativ massive Kühlkörper als Wärmesenke und als Wärmespeicher, um den gesamten Vorgang etwas zu verlangsamen.At the same time, the relatively massive heat sink acts as a heat sink and as a heat store, to slow the whole process down a bit.

Das Austrittsrohr (47) kann hierbei außen oder innen isoliert sein, um Wärmeverluste zu ver kleinern, weil die es umgebende Flüssigkeit nur eine Temperatur von ca. 150°C hat, der Dampf im Rohr aber mehr als 300°C.The outlet pipe ( 47 ) can be insulated on the outside or inside in order to reduce heat losses because the surrounding liquid only has a temperature of approx. 150 ° C, but the steam in the pipe is more than 300 ° C.

Zur Anpassung der durch die Heizmischung (8) zur Verfügung gestellten Wärmeenergie wird entweder nur eine Rille (51) vom oberen Sammelquerschnitt (50) zum unteren Sammelquer schnitt (52) des Heizkörpers (48) in diesen eingedreht, oder auch 2, 3 oder noch mehr Rillen, um sowohl den notwendigen Strömungsquerschnitt für den Dampf zur Verfügung zu stellen, als auch um den Heizkörper selbst nicht zu sehr mechanisch zu schwächen und die Wärmeüber tragung vom Heizkörper in den noch nassen Dampf in den Rillen optimieren zu können.To adjust the heat energy provided by the heating mixture ( 8 ) either only a groove ( 51 ) from the upper collecting cross section ( 50 ) to the lower collecting cross section ( 52 ) of the radiator ( 48 ) is screwed into it, or 2, 3 or even more more grooves to provide the necessary flow cross-section for the steam, as well as not to weaken the radiator itself too mechanically and to optimize the heat transfer from the radiator to the still wet steam in the grooves.

Je nach dem in den Heizkörper (48) eingebrachten gesamten Strömungsquerschnitt der Rillen (51) und dem zur Verfügung gestellten Querschnitt des Austrittsrohres (47) werden mehrere Austrittsrohre (47) im Kühlkörper eingesetzt. Hierbei wird wieder jedes Austrittsrohr durch eine eigene Bohrung (41) vom gemeinsamen Sammelquerschnitt (53) versorgt.Depending on the total flow cross-section of the grooves ( 51 ) introduced into the radiator ( 48 ) and the cross-section of the outlet pipe ( 47 ) provided, several outlet pipes ( 47 ) are used in the heat sink. Here, each outlet pipe is again supplied with its own bore ( 41 ) from the common collecting cross section ( 53 ).

Der Innenraum des Metallkerns/Heizkörpers (1 bzw. 48) kann wie der außen angebrachte Kühlkörper (44) oder wie schon die früher gezeigten Kühlrippen (25, Fig. 3) gerippt sein, um den Wärmeübergang der heißen pyrotechnischen Mischung an die Innenwand deutlich zu ver bessern und damit die Aufheizung und Verdampfung des Nebelfluids im Topf und dessen nachfolgenden weiteren Aufheizung zu beschleunigen.The interior of the metal core / heater ( 1 or 48 ) can be ribbed like the externally attached heat sink ( 44 ) or like the cooling fins ( 25 , Fig. 3) shown earlier, in order to significantly increase the heat transfer of the hot pyrotechnic mixture to the inner wall ver improve and thus accelerate the heating and evaporation of the fog fluid in the pot and its subsequent further heating.

Der Heizkörper (48) ist in den Kühlkörper (44) mittels O-Ringen (58) eingedichtet, um den während der Erhitzung des Naßdampfes in der Rille (51) gegenüber dem Topfinnenraum stark ansteigenden Dampfdruck in den Rillen halten zu können, den Naßdampf bzw. später den trockenen Heißdampf in die Rillen bzw. Sammelquerschnitte zu zwingen und kein Abblasen des hochgespannten Dampfes in den Topfinnenraum zu erlauben: Das wäre ein Nebenschluß, der die Wirkung des gesamten Verdampfungssystems stark heruntersetzen würde!The heating element ( 48 ) is sealed into the cooling element ( 44 ) by means of O-rings ( 58 ) in order to be able to keep the steam pressure in the grooves, which rises sharply during the heating of the wet steam in the groove ( 51 ), in order to keep the wet steam or . later to force the dry superheated steam into the grooves or collecting cross-sections and not to allow the high-tension steam to be blown off into the interior of the pot: this would be a shunt that would greatly reduce the effect of the entire evaporation system!

Fig. 11

Gezeichnet ist eine Schraube (54), die in die Bohrung (32) eingesetzt wird, um den Massen strom des noch nassen Dampfes in die Rillen (51) zu begrenzen und damit die Dampfqualität des aus dem Austrittsrohr (47) ausströmenden Dampfes zu optimieren.A screw ( 54 ) is drawn, which is inserted into the bore ( 32 ) in order to limit the mass flow of the still wet steam into the grooves ( 51 ) and thus to optimize the steam quality of the steam flowing out of the outlet pipe ( 47 ).

Hierzu ist eine Düsenbohrung (55) eingebracht, sowie eine Membran (56) zur Absperrung des außen anliegenden Nebelfluids im nicht angezündeten Zustand der Heizmischung, d. h. wäh rend der gesamten Lagerzeit. Ohne Membran würde beispielsweise bei Erschütterungen immer wieder Nebelfluid durch die Bohrung (33) in die Rille (51) einfließen, die Rille damit auffül len. Bei der Anzündung der Heizmischung würde dann die hier vorher eingeflossene Fluid menge teilweise schlagartig verdampft werden und zum großen Teil unverdampft aus dem Austrittsrohr (47) ausgeschleudert werden. Das muß aber verhindert werden, weil damit der erzeugte Nebel nicht mehr rückstandsfrei wäre und die Umgebung der Nebelkartusche ver schmutzen würde! Außerdem könnte dann ein Fluidverlust über die jahrelange Lagerzeit der Kartusche nicht mehr verhindert werden. For this purpose, a nozzle bore ( 55 ) is introduced, as well as a membrane ( 56 ) to shut off the fog fluid in the non-ignited state of the heating mixture, ie during the entire storage period. Without a membrane, fog fluid would repeatedly flow through the bore ( 33 ) into the groove ( 51 ), for example, to fill up the groove. When the heating mixture was ignited, the amount of fluid that had previously flowed in here would then be partially evaporated suddenly and largely ejected from the outlet pipe ( 47 ) without vaporization. But this must be prevented because the mist generated would no longer be residue-free and would pollute the area around the mist cartridge! In addition, a loss of fluid over the years of storage of the cartridge could then no longer be prevented.

Fig. 12

Gezeigt ist hier eine Lavaldüse (57), aufgesteckt auf das Ende des Austrittsrohres (47), um den hochgespannten trockenen Heißdampf zu beschleunigen und gleichzeitig abzukühlen. Damit schließt der Dampf schneller die Einbruchsfront, der Nebel wird weiter rückstandsfreier, die Temperatur des austretenden Heißdampfs kann weiter gesenkt werden.Shown here is a Laval nozzle ( 57 ) attached to the end of the outlet pipe ( 47 ) in order to accelerate the high-tension, dry superheated steam and to cool it down at the same time. The steam closes the burglary front faster, the fog becomes more residue-free, and the temperature of the escaping superheated steam can be further reduced.

Die hier gezeichnete Lavaldüse (57) steht hier nur stellvertretend für die anderen aus der Rake tentechnik bzw. der Strömungsmechanik bekannten Düsenformen.The Laval nozzle ( 57 ) shown here only represents the other nozzle shapes known from rake technology and fluid mechanics.

Fig. 13

Gezeichnet ist ein einfaches Metall- oder Keramikrohr (61), in das die Heizmischung (8) ein gepreßt ist und das ganze damit zur Kartusche wird, die nach der ersten Anzündung der Heizmischung aus dem Heizkörper (1) bzw. (48) herausgezogen und wieder ersetzt werden kann.A simple metal or ceramic tube ( 61 ) is drawn into which the heating mixture ( 8 ) is pressed and the whole is thus turned into a cartridge, which is pulled out of the heating element ( 1 ) or ( 48 ) after the first ignition of the heating mixture and can be replaced again.

Claims

1. Device for evaporating or atomizing liquid according to claim 1 of my patent application No. 19642574 from 10/15/96, characterized in that the radiator (( 1 ) or ( 12 ) of the application from 10/15/96) of the fog cartridge is divided into two and consists of the actual, pyrotechnically heated heating element ( 1 ) and a cooling element ( 44 ), which transfers the thermal energy to the external fog fluid.

2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the radiator ( 1 ) or ( 48 ) is structured on the inside in order to significantly improve the heat transfer from the pyrotechnic heating mixture to the radiator ( 1 ) or ( 48 ) (larger surface )

3. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that a nozzle system or nozzle part ( 54 ) at the steam inlet of the evaporator coil ( 14 ) in the housing ( 16 ) or integrated here in the heat sink ( 44 ) limits the mass flow of the fog fluid so much that the Wet steam can be converted completely into dry, high-tension steam by further heating

4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that in the metal core ( 1 ) ril len-shaped / screw-shaped cross sections are screwed in, which form a tube-like system when the O-rings ( 48 ) and ( 45 ) sealed with the heat sink ( 44 ) and continue to heat the wet steam as it flows through; Depending on the mass flow, one or more grooves can be screwed in parallel.

5. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the grooves on one or both ends open into a steam collecting duct and thus evenly with wet steam can be supplied or the hot steam can emit evenly.

6. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that not only one groove is drawn from the collecting cross-section ( 50 ) to the collecting cross-section ( 52 ), but a plurality of grooves are supplied in parallel by a common collecting cross-section ( 50 ) or ( 52 ).

7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that in the heat sink ( 44 ) a steam outlet system consisting of the bore ( 41 ), the tube holder ( 42 ) and egg NEM outlet tube ( 47 ) is integrated.

8. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the steam outlet system is attached several times in the heat sink, in order to create larger cartridges to be able to drain the steam quickly.

9. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the groove system more fold or parallel in the heat sink, so the larger cartridges quickly dissipate thermal energy provided by the heating mixture or to be able to implement.

10. The device according to claim, characterized in that not only an outlet pipe ( 47 ) is inserted in the heat sink and the superheated steam from the collecting cross section ( 53 ), but several in parallel, each of which are supplied individually via a bore ( 41 ).

11. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the evaporator coil ( 14 ) is poured into the radiator or cast with ( Fig. 6) and then immersed as a whole in the housing ( 16 ) according to Fig. 1.

12. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the evaporator coil ( 14 ) on the radiator ( 1 ) is wound or pushed ( Fig. 5) and then immersed as a whole in the housing ( 16 ) according to Fig. 1.

13. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the pyrotechnic heating mixture ( 8 ) together with ignition is not pressed directly into the radiator ( 1 ) or ( 48 ), but is first pressed into a simple metal tube ( 61 ), which is then quasi as a cartridge is first inserted into the radiator ( 1 ) or ( 48 ).

14. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that a nozzle system ( 57 ) is placed on the outlet pipe ( 47 ) or on the end of the evaporator coil ( 14 ), which accelerates the high-tension superheated steam, cools it and makes it residue-free.

15. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that in the course of the evaporator spiral ( 14 ) the tube of the evaporator spiral is squeezed one or more times and thus the same nozzle effect is achieved as it is through the inlet nozzle ( 54 ) or the nozzle system ( 57 ) happens.

16. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the outlet tube ( 47 ) is squeezed one or more times at the beginning, in the middle or at the end and thus the same che nozzle effect is achieved, as is done by the nozzle system ( 57 ).

17. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the tube of the evaporator spiral ( 14 ) inside or outside, either completely or only partially thermally insulated.

18. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the grooves ( 51 ) have a semicircular, a triangular, a trapezoidal or a rectangular cross section.

19. The apparatus according to claim 1 to 18, characterized in that the heat sink ( 44 ) is provided on the outside with transverse grooves ( 59 ) and / or with longitudinal grooves ( 60 ) in order to reinforce the heat transfer to the fluid surrounding it and at the same time the movement the fluid during evaporation in the housing (16, Fig. l) is not significantly hindered.

20. The apparatus according to claim 1 to 19, characterized in that a displacement ring ( 58 ) made of metal, plastic or ceramic is used in the pot ( 16 ) in order to be able to match the amount of fluid filled in the pot to the amount of the heating mixture. that the heat sink or the radiator is wetted as completely as possible with the ne Belfluid.

21. The apparatus according to claim 1 to 20, characterized in that all of the above Assemblies or components made of a metallic or ceramic material or made of be made of a plastic.

22. The apparatus of claim 1 to 21, characterized in that the pyrotechnic heating mixture ( 8 ) does not generate the pressure for conveying the fog fluid into the bore ( 32 ) via the heat sink and the evaporation of the fog fluid, but only for the heating of the in the fluid or fluid / vapor mixture entering the bore ( 33 ) is responsible and the fluid or the fluid / vapor mixture via an external pump (not shown here) and an extra feed pipe or a feed hose into the bore ( 32 ) or ( 33 ) is promoted (decoupling of evaporation and further heating).

23. The device according to claim 1 of the patent application 19642574, characterized in that the pyrotechnic heating mixture ( 8 ) does not generate the pressure for conveying the fog fluid via the heating element with evaporator spiral ( 14 ), but only for the heating of the entering into the evaporator spiral Fluid or fluid / vapor mixture is responsible and the fluid or fluid / vapor mixture is conveyed via an external pump (not shown here) and an extra feed pipe or a feed hose or injected into the evaporator coil ( 14 ) (decoupling of vaporization and Heating).

24. The device according to claim 1 or claim 2 of the patent application 19642574, characterized in that the heating mixture ( 8 ) leads out in the manner of a cartridge and is inserted into the heating block of a fog device conventionally heated with electric heaters, in order to give it self-sufficiency .

25. The device according to claim 1 or claim 2 of the patent application 19642574, characterized in that the pyrotechnically heated radiator ( 1 ) is inserted into the large radiator of a fog machine conventionally heated with electric radiators, in order to give it self-sufficiency.

26. The device according to claim 1 or claim 2 of patent application 19642574, characterized in that the heating mixture ( 8 ) is ignited by a wire core made of magnesium or of an alloy which releases energy when current passes, and thus less ignition energy in the form of electrical energy is needed.

27. The device according to claim 1 or claim 2 of patent application 19642574, characterized in that in the heating mixture ( 8 ) additives are mixed, which make it better to press, which give it a better ignition behavior even at the lowest temperatures or simply to it Reduce ignition required energy.