DE1965093A1 - Tandem machine with free-flight pistons - Google Patents

Description

The priority of the French patent application. "Ir. 182.156 of December 30, 1968 will be claimed.

Henry BENAROYA - 3737-69

Tandem machine with free-flight pistons

The invention relates to tandem machines with free-flight pistons with at least one group of two aligned motor cylinders, in each of which two counter-rotating, Engine pistons driving compressor pistons work, with those in the machine furthest apart Motor pistons (hereinafter referred to as `` Sussere motor pistons '') and the corresponding compressor pistons are firmly connected to one another, to form a first movable assembly, while the other (hereinafter referred to as inner engine pistons) engine pistons and the corresponding compressor pistons are also firmly connected to one another to form a second movable arrangement, wherein synchronizing means are provided between the two arrangements that move in opposite directions during each working cycle of the machine

These synchronizing means are generally formed by light parts which only have low forces

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can be transferred as they are only used to compensate for the small amount accidental differences between the resistances opposing the movements of the movable arrangements * . are seen.

In the known tandem machines with free-flight pistons, which e.g. a group of two in an escape. lying engine cylinders is one of the engine pistons of each movable arrangement at the beginning of each work cycle exposed to the combustion gases generated in one or the other engine cylinder, and so simultaneously Forces supplied to an engine piston of the first arrangement and an engine piston of the second arrangement are applied to the respective ones Compressor piston of each of these arrangements transferred, i.e. in each arrangement e.g. to a compressor piston assigned to the engine piston exposed to the combustion gases and on a compressor piston associated with the other engine piston of the assembly.

The applicant has found dqss in the

second movable arrangement the power transmission from the inner, the engine pistons exposed to the combustion gases except for the other inner engine piston assigned to a compressor piston takes place faster than the transmission of the same force in the first movable arrangement between the vea? external engine pistons exposed to combustion gases and - the other a compressor piston assigned to the outer engine piston, which can be explained by the fact that the distance, which the force must pass through between the outer engine pistons, greater than the force passed through between the inner engine pistons Distance is.

As a result, if the one

inner engine piston delivered power to the compressor piston assigned to the other inner engine piston (which then does a compression work), this same force delivered to one external engine piston does not reach that of the other outer engine piston assigned compressor piston arrives is (which nooh does no merit work). This The state occurring in every working cycle only lasts a very short time until all forces are transferred during this

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For a short time, however, the two movable assemblies are not exposed to the same forces, and the forces are lower. The difference must be compensated for by the synchronization means. These synchronizing means are not for the transmission of this Formed a difference in forces, which can reach a significant value, so that they quickly become inoperable,

The invention aims in particular, the

to remedy the above disadvantage and to train such tandem machines with free-flight pistons so that they better than before meet various practical requirements.

For this purpose, according to the invention, contain

such tandem machines with free-flight pistons, the synchronizing means at least one elastic member which at least partially shows a temporary difference between the forces which any movable assembly is exposed to.

The invention is explained below by way of example with reference to the drawing.

Pig. 1 shows a schematic floor plan of a tandem machine according to the invention with free-flight pistons.

Pig. 2 shows the tandem machine of FIG. 1 in section along the line II-II of Pig. 1.

Pig. 3 shows a variant embodiment in plan view the synchronizing means in Pig. 1 and 2 shown tandem machine.

Pig. FIG. 4 shows, in a side view with parts broken away, another embodiment modification of the FIG Pig. 1 and 2 shown synchronizing means.

Pig. 5 shows a variant embodiment of the synchronizing means of the Pig. 3.

The illustrated tandem machine with free

Flugkolben has two aligned motor cylinders 1 and 2, in each of which two counter-rotating motor pistons 3 »4 and 5, 6 work, which drive compressor pistons 7, 8 and 9, 10 respectively.

The two outer motor pistons 3 and 6, which are furthest apart in the machine, and the

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corresponding compressor pistons 7 and 10 are fixedly connected to one another by means of a fitting 11 to a first movable one Form arrangement. The other two inner engine pistons 4 and 5 and the corresponding compressor pistons 8 and 9 are firmly connected to one another by means of a rod 13 to form a second movable arrangement 14. The tandem machine is in Pig. 1 shown schematically without the openings, the valves and the ignition devices, which are necessary for understanding of the invention play no role.

There are numerous embodiments for

the means for synchronizing the movements of the two movable assemblies 12 and 14, e.g. the pistons 7 and 8 or the movements of the pistons 7 and

* 9 or the movements of the rod 13 and the armature 11 should synchronize.

The known synchronizing means included

E.g. a toothed wheel which is set in rotation by toothed racks connected to each of the two movable assemblies and the synchronism of the movements of the two racks and thus that of the movements of the two movable assemblies ensures. These synchronizing means can according to a Another embodiment s form a system with handlebars and rigid pivoting levers that contain the movable assemblies connect with each other.

According to these known execution

«Forms have trained synchronizers, as already As mentioned above, the transfer of significant temporary forces in every working cycle of the machine gives way - they destroy.

To remedy this disadvantage, included

according to the invention the synchronizing means at least one elastic Limb which at least partially shows a temporary difference between the forces which each movable Arrangement 12 and 14 is exposed, can accommodate.

The one in Pig. 1 and 2 illustrated embodiment of the invention expediently contain the synchronizing means two identical coaxial gears 15 and 16, which go in the same direction with the first movable arrangement 12 or connected to the second movable arrangement 14

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Racks 17 and 18 are set in rotation and are connected along their axis of rotation by an elastic shaft 19, which can experience a torsion when the transmitted through the racks 17 and 18 to the gears 15 and 16 Torques are temporarily different from each other.

The rack 17 fastened e.g. to the compressor piston 7 by means of a rod 20 moves in parallel to the axis A-A along which the movements of the pistons of the movable assemblies take place, and the same applies for the toothed rack 18 fastened e.g. to the compressor piston 8 by means of a rod 21.

The racks 17 and 18 are convenient as in Pig. 2 shown on both sides of the Axis A-A going plane of the Pig. 1 arranged so that the gears 15 and 16 by a torsion shaft 19 are sufficient Length can be combined, and with the gear 15 engaged side 22 of the rack 17 is the upper Part of in Pig. 1 machine shown, while the side 23 of the rack which is in engagement with the toothed wheel 16 18 the lower part of the pig's machine. 1 is facing.

The elastic shaft 19 is e.g.

With respect to the engine cylinder 1 fixed bearings 24 and 25 supported.

When the forces to which the two movable assemblies 12 and 14 are subjected are temporarily different are (e.g. because the Verdiohterkolben 9 of the second arrangement 14 begins a Verdiohtungsarbeit while as a result the length of the path of the force in the rods of the armature 11 of the compressor pistons 10 of the first movable arrangement 12 has not yet begun any work of dilution), experiences the elastic Wave 19, at which this temporarily subjugated forces attacks, an elastic torsion, welohe this Unterchied at least partially absorbs, while in the known This force undershoots synchronization means completely of One movable arrangement is transmitted to the other via toothed racks, the teeth of which are deformed and worn out.

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The one in Pig. 3 shown embodiment

Modification of the synchronization means is applicable for arrangements bar, which are movable in a direction parallel to the axes X-X or Y-Y. In Fig. 3 these are movable assemblies not shown which the arrangements 12 and 14 of Fig. 1 can be, but only those attached to them Rods 26 and 27 so that they move along the axes X-X and Y-Y, respectively.

These synchronizing means contain

expediently a first lever 28 formed by an elastic rod and a second lever 29 », these levers are hinged to each other in their middle, the first lever 28 with its ends 30 and 31 with the rods 26 and 27 over same and parallel to the second lever 29 handlebars 32 and 33 and the second lever 29 with its ends 34 and 35 with the Handlebars 32 and 33 are connected via the same, parallel to the first lever 28 handlebars 36 and 37, the first The elastic rod forming the lever 28 is hinged to the handlebars 32 and 33 is, so that when the forces transmitted to the rods 26 and 27 by the movable assemblies 12 and 14 are temporarily different can experience a bend which at least partially absorbs this difference.

The levers 28 and 29 are expediently through

a pin 38 hinged to one another, the second lever carrying pins 39 and 40 on which the handlebars 36 and 37 are pivotable are, while the links 32 and 33 carry pins 41 and 42, on which the links 36 and 37 are pivotable, and pins 43 and 44, on which the rods 26 and 27 are pivotable.

Furthermore, the handlebars 32 and 33 carry pivot pins 45 and 46 with holes 47 and 48 in which the ends

30 and 31 of the first lever 28 formed by an elastic rod slide. It should be noted that when the elastic Rod 28 is subjected to a bend, the ends 30 and

31 of the same due to the geometrical properties of the The lever and handlebars formed above then slide freely in the holes 47 and 48.

In the example of Flg. 3, it is the 'lever 28 is formed by weloher ei? I © n 3lastisahen rod

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however, the lever 29 can also be by means of an elastic rod are formed, in which case the pins 39 and 40 are replaced by the pivot pins 45 and 46 corresponding pivot pins *

Move when working the tandem machine The rods 26 and 27 move in opposite directions along the axes X-X and Y-Y, respectively, during each working cycle of the machine the parallelograms formed by the levers 28 and 29 and the links 32, 33 and 36, 37 deform so that the Move pins 43 and 44 along the axes X-X and Y-Y, while the pin 38 remains in its position.

When the force to which the second assembly (e.g., to which rod 26 is attached) is subjected is briefly smaller than the force exerted on the first arrangement (to which the rod 27 is attached), the difference between these forces acts on the elastic rod 28, whichever one this difference at least partially absorbing bend experiences. In the known synchronizing means with rigid links and levers this is Difference in these parts is completely transferred from one moving arrangement to the other, creating stresses on these parts which are considerably larger than those for which they are intended.

With a tandem machine in Pig. 1 shown It may be useful to put the racks 17 and 18 on both sides of the plane passing through the axis A-A Pig. 1 in the immediate vicinity of the same, which is the case with the Pig. 1 and 2, the embodiment shown is not the Pail is.

In Pig. 4 illustrated embodiment, in which racks 17 and 18 in the immediate vicinity of those passing through the axis A-A (Pig. 1) of the machine perpendicular plane are arranged so that coaxial gears 15 and 16 are directly next to each other, two are to the gears 15 and 16 coaxial on both sides the same attached cylinders 49 and 50 are provided, with an elastic shaft 51 the ends 52 and 53 of the cylinders 49 and 50 connects to each other by going through the two cylinders and

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the gears 15 and 16 occurs.

The elastic shaft 51 can be like that

Wave 19 the Pig. 2 experience a torsion when the gears 15 and 16 and the corresponding cylinders 49 and 50 attacking moments are different.

The shaft 51 is useful with the

Ends 52 and 53 of cylinders 49 and 50 through to ends 54 and 55 of the shaft 51 arranged corrugations, which corrugations are arranged in the cylinders 49 and 50 at their ends 52 and 53 Corrugations interact.

According to one in Pig. 5 shown

Another embodiment of the invention is the synchronization means by two rods 60 and 61, which are attached to the two movable assemblies, not shown, of a tandem machine in Pig. 1 type shown are attached, as well formed by a system with levers 62 and 63 and handlebars 64, 65 and 66 and 67, which is similar to that of the Pig. 3 corresponds, but with the difference that the lever 62 is no longer an elastic rod but rather rigid, like all other components of the system, and that pivot pins 45 and 46 of the Pig. 3 are replaced by pins 68 and 69, with which the handlebars 64 and 65 are hinged to the ends 70 and 71 of the lever 62.

In the rods 60 and 61 are elastic

Members 72 and 73 switched on, which cause a compression along the displacement axes X-X and Y-Y of the rods 6Q and 6Q, respectively. 61 can experience when the forces transmitted by the movable assemblies to these rods are temporarily different are.

Each of these elastic members 72 (or

73) is formed in two dimensions by a stack 74 (or 75) arranged in the direction of the axis XX (or YY), e.g. Cylinder 78 connected to section 79 of rod 60 is arranged, in which the piston 76 can slide while the stack 75 is arranged between a piston 80 connected to section 81 of rod 61 and a cylinder 82 connected to section 83 of rod 61 is, in

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ORIGINAL fNSPgOTED,

which piston 80 can slide. Sections 77 and 79 of rod 60 and sections 81 and 83 of rod 61, respectively are kept aligned on the axis X-X or Y-y by guides not shown.

When the movable arrangements of the

Tandem machine briefly exposed to various forces are, this difference in forces is at least partially used to compress the stack 74 or the stack 75 (when the greater force acts on the rod 60 and is directed from left to right in Pig * 5, the stack becomes 74 compressed while the stack 75 is compressed when this force is directed from right to left in FIG. 5 is).

As you can see, this difference in forces is not entirely due to a movable arrangement the others transmit, as is the case with synonizers The case would be which are designed like those of FIG. 5 but do not contain elastic members 72 and 73.

Synchronizing means with toothed wheels and racks, which are also well known, can also be provided be, in which the racks connected to the movable assemblies by rods each at least one to the Displacement direction of the movable assembly to which they are attached, have parallel section, wherein in Each of these sections an elastic member is turned on, which in the corresponding direction of displacement Compression experiences when the movable assemblies are temporarily subjected to various forces.

You inventive tandem machine

has Saharan advantages, the most important of which is that the synchronizing means, which are only used to transmit low power · between the movable assemblies of the machine are provided, protected by elastic members against the significant temporary differences between the forces to which the movable assemblies are exposed at the beginning of each work cycle of the machine.

In addition, the inventive

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Synchronizing means easy and can conveniently under exit of known synchronizing means by incorporating elastic members into the same.

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BATH ORIGINAL

Claims (1)

1985093 - 11 - 3737-69 Claims Pandem machine with free-flight piston with at least one group of two aligned engine cylinders, each of which has two opposing compressor pistons driving engine pistons work, with the furthest apart in the machine (hereinafter Outer engine piston called) engine piston and the corresponding compressor piston to form a first movable one Arrangement are firmly connected, while the other (hereinafter referred to as inner engine pistons) engine pistons and the corresponding compressor pistons are also firmly connected to one another to form a second movable arrangement, synchronizing means between the two movable ones moving in opposite directions during each working cycle of the machine Arrangements are provided, characterized in that the synchronizing means contain at least one elastic member, which is at least partially a temporary difference between the forces acting on the movable assemblies records, 2 ·) tandem machine according to claim 1, at which the synchronizing means contain racks and gears, characterized by a torsionally elastic connection between the two gear wheels (15, 16). 3 ·) tandem machine according to claim 1, at which contain the synchronizing means lever and handlebar, characterized in that one (28, Pig. 3) of the lever is formed by an elastic member. 4 *) Tandem machine according to claim 2, characterized by two coaxial _{gearwheels (15, 16) set in rotation in the same direction by racks (I7 f} 18) connected to the first or the second movable arrangement, which gearwheels (15, 16) along their axis of rotation duroh an elastic shaft (19) are connected, which experiences a torsion when the torques transmitted from each rack to the gearwheels are temporarily different from one another. 5 ·) tandem masohine according to claim 3, characterized through a first and a second, in theirs 009827 / U02 - 12 - 3737-69 Hitte hinged levers (28 and 29) of which at least the first lever (28) is formed by an elastic rod and at its ends with the first or the second movable arrangement is connected by the same arm (32, 33) parallel to the second lever (29), while the second lever (29) at its ends with these links (32, 33) by other identical ones parallel to the first lever (28) Handlebar (36, 37) is connected, the elastic rod (28) forming the first lever being articulated to the handlebars (32, 33) is that it occurs in the event of a temporary difference in the forces transmitted from the movable assemblies to the control arms can experience a bend which at least partially absorbs this difference. 6.) tandem machine according to claim 1, daduroh characterized in that the synchronizing means are racks and gears are formed, the racks being connected to the movable assemblies by parts, each of which has at least one section parallel to the direction of movement of the movable assembly to which it is attached , wherein in these sections of each part an elastic member is switched, which a compression experiences when the forces transmitted by the movable assemblies to these parts are temporarily different from one another are. 7) tandem arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that when the synchronizing means are formed by levers and steering rods, the steering rods with the movable ones Assemblies are connected by parts (60, 61), each of which has at least one to the direction of movement of the movable assembly, to which it is attached, has parallel section, in these sections (77-79 * 81-83) of each of these Parts (60, 61) an elastic member (72, 73) is switched on, which experiences a compression when the movable arrangements on these parts transmitted forces are temporarily different from each other. 8.) Tandem machine according to claim 2, characterized by two equidistant, in the same direction of with the first and second movable assembly connected 0Q9827 / U02
BATH ORIGINAL - 13 - 5737-69 Gear racks (17, 18 - Pig. 4) set in rotation gear wheels (15, 16), which are close to each other and on two cylinders with the same axis on both sides of them (49, 50) are attached, the most distant ends (52, 53) of which by one through the two cylinders (49, 50) and the two gears (15, 16) stepping elastic shaft (51) are connected. 009827./U02