DE19643931A1 - Dental instrument for separating, grinding or cleaning teeth - Google Patents

Abstract

The dental instrument comprises a flexible strip, cord or wire (10), which has at least one section with an abrasive coating (16) of a given roughness and hardness. The coating is designed to remove tooth material or for use in compressing material onto tooth. The strip is made from metal or plastics to give the necessary flexibility and resistance. At least part of the strip can be made from a ceramic, or similar, material. The ceramic-type sections (18) are flexibly joined to the rest of the strip. At least part of the strip has a constant circular cross section.

Description

The invention relates to a dental cutting, grinding and / or cleaning device.

In dental practice, it is often necessary stubborn deposits, especially in the tooth root area remove. For this purpose, the tooth is traditionally root exposed in some areas. The exposed tooth roots are processed with special tools. Mostly it is about These are dental metal instruments that a Scratching or repelling the unwanted plaque allows should. However, such instruments have the gravie The disadvantage that they are rigid, so that the Root area which is difficult to access anyway is insufficient can be cleaned.

If the tooth root area of the tooth in question is such is badly damaged that at least part of the root ent  distant, d. H. a root amputation must be performed come hand-held tooth saws or machine-driven ones Cutting discs for use. The root area must, however first be surgically exposed to the cutting tool start.

It may also be necessary to have dental implants, such as bridges or crowns to separate or parts of the tooth material Separate dental implants. In this case known cutting discs used, but often afterwards Damage to undamaged dentures or dentures materials can occur.

From European patent application 0 582 783 A2 is a Known device, which consists of a flexible metal carrier wire or plastic, the surface with cleaning element ment is provided. Such a device is for cleaning the gap-like, mostly narrow interdental spaces well suited and can be easily inserted into the interdental spaces. Through manual min and forth or up and down movement cleaning, in particular removal of food residues enables. For this reason, the carrier wire is with bristles or flocked plastic fibers or can with abrasive Particles can be coated. These cleaning elements are but not suitable for stubborn dental plaque remove or even entire tooth areas by performing e.g. B. Cut off saw movements.

It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a dental separation, Specify grinding and / or cleaning device, which with low operational effort and easy handling can be used in many ways. Beyond that it is Object of the invention, a method for separating a Tooth section using the device according to the invention specify.

The object of the invention is achieved by means of a device sided with a dental separating, grinding and / or  Cleaning device according to the features of claim 1 and on the procedural side with a method for separating a Tooth section according to the features of claim 23. The subclaims include at least expedient statements events and further training.

According to a basic idea of the invention, the dentist Liche cutting, grinding and / or cleaning device a bend seeds band, cord or wire-shaped carrier on the at least in sections with an abrasive coating Roughness and hardness to remove and / or penetrate is provided in tooth or denture material or dental plaque. The wearer adapts to the tooth or tooth to be treated area due to its flexible design. In addition, the space required when guiding the narrow Carrier very low, so that the tooth or tooth only marginally in pity shaft are drawn. With band-shaped design offers the carrier has a processing surface for flat grinding operations is well suited. With cord or wire Design a very narrow separation notch can be achieved and it can also be inserted into very narrow spaces easily possible.

The carrier can at least in sections made of metal, art fabric and the like pliable or resistant Material. The materials used should be one Ensure sufficient flexibility and when force is applied application, especially in the case of tractive force, and in the case of the resulting Frictional heat must be sufficiently tear-resistant.

It is additionally proposed to at least remove the carrier cut from ceramic and / or the like resistance able to manufacture material and the sections flexible connect with each other. With such an arrangement achieved a particularly good grinding or separating effect.  

The carrier can have an almost con at least in sections have a constant circular cross-section, but it is also conceivable, the carrier at least in sections with a form flattened cross-section.

Depending on the application of the device, it may be sufficient that the abrasive coating of the wearer only on the one to be processed Tooth or dentures facing carrier area applied is because only the area with the dentures or dentures material is in contact, contributes to a separating, grinding or cleaning effect. However, it may also be necessary that the carrier on its entire surface with the abrasive coating is provided when z. B. the carrier during the Leadership should be turned.

According to a further basic idea of the invention, the abrasive covering formed in several pieces, the covering Extend pieces radially away from the carrier. It is suggested the abrasive coating is attached directly to the wearer brought connection layer to apply. This connection layer is flexible and has a hot glue effect so that the abrasive coating is sufficiently firm on the Carrier is fixed.

The abrasive covering can be made of a plastic, metal, Kera Mic or the like abrasion-resistant material can be formed. Especially with very hard tooth or denture material or stubborn dental plaque, the abrasive plaque can There are diamond pieces of a given size.

It is also proposed that the abrasive coating at least is formed in one piece in sections, with front jumps extend substantially perpendicularly from the beam. With such a configuration of the abrasive coating particularly good separation effects can be achieved.

The abrasive covering and the carrier can at least take off be cut in one piece. Especially at  Ceramic materials is used in such a configuration of abrasive covering and carrier essential to the manufacturing process simplified. It is also always a good definition of the abrasive coating on the carrier guaranteed.

To facilitate the handling of the device, the wearer can be provided with two handles. A first handle is on a first stop of a section of the with the abrasive Covered carrier and a second handle on an in a predetermined distance from the first stop second stop of the section by means of releasable fastening supply facilities attached. This way a part area of the carrier, the z. B. wound on a roll is cut off, provided with the two handles and at manual application can be easily managed.

It is also proposed that at least a portion of the with the abrasive coating carrier in a holder is definable. Here is a first arm on one first stop of the section and a second arm one at a predetermined distance from the first stop removed second stop of the section by means of releasable Fastening devices can be fixed. With such a Construction is the carrier or a part of the carrier in a bracket, which is particularly important when running of separating movements can be advantageous. To this end can the section of the provided with the abrasive coating Beam between the two breakpoints. At a such an arrangement are straight saw movements to realize particularly well.

However, the section of the verse with the abrasive coating hens carrier between the two stops also loosely be. This allows the wearer to conform to the shape of the adapting the tooth or dental prosthesis area can. Especially for cleaning and grinding purposes, however enables even when saw movements are not exactly guided  such a construction is particularly close-fitting tion of the tooth or dentures.

In order to be able to comfortably guide the bracket, you can use it be provided with an operating handle.

In addition to manually guiding the bracket is after a Another basic idea of the invention, the holder with a Drive device connected. This drive device enables a desired, repetitive movement is executed. Especially when grinding and separating gaits are such repetitive movements runs necessary. With the help of the drive device sometimes lengthy manual execution of such movements considerably relieved.

The drive device is expediently equipped with a Saw movement drive provided that the bracket in essence Lichen back and forth in the direction of extension.

Because sometimes when processing the tooth or dentures a sawing movement cannot be sufficient power drive with a perpendicular to the beam extension direction acting deflection device can be coupled. With such a measure can rocker and / or semicircular and Circular movements of the reciprocation, d. H. Saw movement, be overlaid. Especially when cleaning the root in the area of stubborn dental plaque can such a pure back and forth movement or this superimposed movements can be of great benefit. Here it can turn out to be favorable, the carrier not tense in the Attach bracket.

To enable a continuous sawing or grinding movement the carrier with the abrasive coating endlessly formed and with a drive device Roller drive can be driven. Here, the endless carrier a tooth or denture section and will  guided around a drive roller spaced apart from it, so that the carrier rotates. The between the tooth or dentures cut and the drive roller running is manual excited, d. H. with a desired attack power strikes.

The device according to the invention can run a tooth abt section can be applied. Here, in the root area of the Tooth between the roots or root sections of the of tooth sections to be separated from one another with the abrasive Covered carrier introduced. The carrier becomes bilateral of the tooth in the direction of the tooth crown along the tooth neck running in the direction of the tooth crown with a tensile force strikes and put in a back and forth or sawing movement. At the same time, the beam under tension is in Passed through the tooth body in the direction of the tooth crown, until the tooth section is separated from the rest of the tooth.

To insert the abrasive coating Carrier between the roots or the root sections of the To facilitate separating tooth sections one directed essentially perpendicular to the root area Hole must be made.

It is also suggested a suitable cut in the tooth the meat of the root area in order to introduce the To facilitate wearer and performing the sawing movements.

The dental separating, grinding and / or Cleaning device and the inventive method for Parting a tooth section allows easy and versatile processing of the tooth or tooth to be treated replacement and effectively prevent one over the necessary Impairment of the patient beyond the intervention.

The invention is intended below with reference to exemplary embodiments play and explained in more detail with the help of figures will.  

Show it:

Figure 1 is a schematic side view of a carrier provided with a continuous abrasive coating.

Fig. 2 is a schematic side view of a section by section provided with an abrasive coating substrate;

Fig. 3a-c) are schematic cross sectional views of carriers with abrasive coating;

Fig. 4a to c) schematic cross-sectional views of carriers in which the abrasive coating is applied by means of a connec tion layer;

Fig. 5 is a schematic side view of a support section provided with two hands;

Fig. 6 is a fixed in a mounting portion of a carrier, wherein the carrier is shown clamped with a solid line and guided by a dotted line loose;

Fig. 7 is a fixed in a holder with a drive device portion of the carrier;

Figure 8 is an attacking a schematic perspective side view of a tooth portion and guided over a drive roller support. and

Fig. 9 is a schematic side view of a portion of a carrier provided with two hands, which engages in the root area of a multi-root tooth.

In Fig. 1 an embodiment of a provided with an abrasive coating 16 the carrier 10 is shown. The carrier is approximately cord-shaped or wire-shaped, that is to say flexible, and has on its outer surface radially extending covering pieces of the abrasive covering 16 from the carrier. The carrier 10 is made of a resistant plastic material and the covering pieces are made of fine diamond particles. The size of the diamond particles is selected so that there is a predetermined roughness which is suitable for penetration into tooth or tooth replacement material or dental plaque.

The carrier 10 shown in FIG. 1 has a circular cross section, as shown in FIG. 3a. It is clear here that the abrasive covering pieces extend radially outward from the carrier.

In particular when grinding teeth or tooth replacements, also in the root area, it can be advantageous to design the carrier 12 with a flattened cross section, as shown in FIG. 3b. In this case, the z. B. consisting of diamond pieces abrasive coating 16 radially from the carrier 12th Particularly when used as a grinding device, it is often sufficient that only the side 20 of the carrier 12 facing the tooth or tooth replacement is provided with the abrasive coating 16 . Only this side 20 contributes to the grinding effect of the carrier 12 .

In Fig. 3c, the cross-section of a band-shaped carrier 14 is shown. As the upper illustration in FIG. 3c shows, the band-like carrier 14 can also be provided with the abrasive coating 16 on its entire outer surface in this case. From the lower representation of FIG. 3c, however, it can also be seen that only one side of the band-like carrier 14 has the abrasive, e.g. B. has diamond pieces.

As Fig. 4 shows generally, 12 and 14, an adhesive or fixing connection layer may be aufbracht 22 on the carrier 10, which serves to hold the abrasive Belagstückchen on the carrier material. For this purpose, this connec tion material surrounds the carrier 10 , 12 or 14 on its surface. The abrasive particles of the covering 16 are attached directly to the connecting layer 22 . FIG. 4a shows such an embodiment for a carrier 10 with circular cross-section, Fig. 4b for a carrier 12 with a flattened cross-section and Fig. 4c for a carrier 14 of band cross section.

The above explanations relate to a carrier 10 , 12 or 14 with an abrasive coating which runs continuously in the direction of extension of the carrier, such as e.g. B. for the carrier 10 in Fig. 1. In a further embodiment according to FIG. 2, a carrier 10 is shown which consists of a plurality of carrier sections 18 which are elastically connected to one another, so that the entire carrier 10 is designed flexibly in the manner of a chain. The individual areas 18 are in turn provided with the abrasive coating 16 . Each of these sections 18 can be designed in a cross-sectional view, as shown in FIGS . 3a to 3c, but, as shown in FIGS . 4a to 4c, can also have a connecting layer 22 which covers the covering pieces of the abrasive covering 16 with the carrier sections 18 connect. For example, the carrier sections 18 can be designed with a circular, flattened or band-shaped cross section.

In order to facilitate manual handling of the dental cutting, grinding and / or cleaning device, as shown in FIG. 5, a section of the carrier 10 provided with the abrasive coating 16 is provided with two handles 24 and 28 at the free ends 26 and 30 Mistake. These handles are in the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 ausgebil det as rings in which the fingers of the dentist can intervene. The handles 24 and 28 are each connected to the section of the carrier 10 by means of a releasable fastening device 32 and 33, respectively. As not shown in FIG. 5, the releasable fastening devices 32 and 33 each consist of a sleeve into which the free ends 26 and 30 of the section of the carrier 10 can be inserted. The sleeves each have a through bore perpendicular to the direction of insertion of the carrier section, with a thread into which a screw for fixing the free ends 26 and 30 can be screwed. The releasable fastening devices 32 and 33 are thus designed as Klemmein directions.

Fig. 6 shows a holder 34 for a portion of the carrier 10. The bracket 34 has two holding arms 36 and 38 , which are connected to each other via an arc-shaped connecting element 39 in the manner of a hand saw, with each of the holding arms 36 and 38 having a releasable fastening device 40 and 42 for fixing the free ends 26 and 30 of the section of the carrier 10 are attached. The releasable Befestigungseinrich lines 40 and 42 are only hinted at in the embodiment shown in FIG. 6 and consist essentially of screws each with a washer, so that the free ends 26 and 30 of the portion of the carrier 10 between the washer and the respective End piece of the support arms 36 and 38 are clamped by means of a nut. The holder 34 is connected to a handle 44 at the end associated with the holding arm 38 .

The device shown in Fig. 6 can thus be handled like a saw, the part of the carrier 10 between the two holding arms 36 and 38 is fixed taut, as with a solid when performing the pure sawing movement and performing separation work on the tooth or on the denture Line shown in Fig. 6.

With the manual guidance of the holder 34 , of course, in addition to the pure sawing movement, up and down movements, but also rocking, circular or semicircular movements can of course also be carried out. In this case, it may also be useful to set out the portion of the carrier 10 between the releasable attachment means 40 and 42 loosely, so that the portion of the carrier 10 may be adapted to the respective tooth or tooth replacement area. The loose guidance of the carrier section is shown in Fig. 6 with a dashed line.

FIG. 7 shows a holder similar to that shown in FIG. 6. Instead of the handle 44 in FIG. 6, however, a drive device 46 is arranged at the end assigned to the holding arm 38 . The drive device 46 is connected to a handle 54 in order to bring the device shown in FIG. 7 into the working position and to be able to hold it in place during the execution of the necessary movements.

The drive device 46 is designed, on the one hand, to carry out pure sawing movements in the direction shown in FIG. 7 with the double arrow A, as well as semicircular or circular movements in accordance with the double arrow B. For this purpose, the pure linear movement in the direction of the double arrow A can rock - or semicircular or circular movement are superimposed. Such movements can be realized via an appropriately configured gear or a special Antriebseinrich device.

In FIG. 8, another embodiment of the device according to Invention is shown. The carrier 10 is endless in this embodiment, the loop thus ent ent on the one hand is guided around a tooth 50 to be separated and the opposite free end of the loop is guided by a drive roller 52 . The drive roller 52 is driven by a drive device 48 . In order to keep the endless carrier 10 on the tooth region 50 under tension, a handle 54 is attached to the Antriebsein device 48 , whereby the necessary tensile force can be applied manually. With the embodiment shown in FIG. 8, grinding or separating a tooth area or tooth replacement area is easily possible.

In Fig. 9, the procedure for separating a tooth area is shown, wherein a hand-held device is applied accordingly to the embodiment shown in Fig. 5.

A multi-rooted tooth 58 with roots 60 a, 60 b and 60 c is to be divided into two parts. Here, a suitable incision 60 is made in the gum associated with the root area 56 in order to guide the carrier 10 between two of the roots, namely the root 60 a and the root 60 c. The carrier 10 is guided upwards along the tooth flanks in the direction of the crown 62 . Here up and down movements are carried out on the handles 24 and 28 according to the double arrows C and D. The section of the carrier 10 performs sawing movements close to the tooth. In general, the support 10 acting in the root area is subjected to a tensile force F in the direction of the tooth crown, so that when the up and down movements in the direction of the double arrows C and D are carried out at the same time, the tooth is severed from the root area 56 to the crown 62 .

Claims (26)

1. Dental separating, grinding and / or cleaning device, characterized by a flexible band, cord or wire-shaped carrier ( 10 , 12 , 14 ) which protrude at least in sections with an abrasive coating ( 16 ) of predetermined roughness and hardness to the abt is provided by and / or for penetration into tooth or tooth replacement material or dental plaque. 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the carrier ( 10 , 12 , 14 ) consists at least in sections of metal, plastic and / or the like flexible and resistant material. 3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the carrier ( 10 , 12 , 14 ) consists at least in sections of ceramic and / or the like resistant material and the sections ( 18 ) are flexibly connected to one another. 4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the carrier ( 10 ) at least in sections has a constant circular cross-section. 5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the carrier ( 12 , 14 ) at least in sections has a flattened cross section. 6. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the carrier ( 12 , 14 ) has the abrasive coating ( 16 ) only on the carrier region ( 20 ) facing the tooth or dental prosthesis to be processed. 7. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the abrasive coating ( 16 ) is constructed in several pieces, the covering pieces extending radially from the carrier ( 10 , 12 , 14 ). 8. Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the abrasive coating is applied directly to the carrier ( 10 , 12 , 14 ) connecting layer ( 22 ). 9. Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the abrasive coating ( 16 ) is formed from plastic, metal, ceramic or the like abrasion-resistant material. 10. Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the abrasive coating ( 16 ) is formed from diamond pieces of a predetermined size. 11. Device according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the abrasive coating ( 16 ) is at least partially formed in one piece, with projections extending substantially perpendicularly from the carrier ( 10 , 12 , 14 ). 12. Device according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the abrasive coating ( 16 ) and the carrier ( 10 , 12 , 14 ) are integrally formed at least in sections. 13. Device according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that a first handle ( 24 ) at a first stop ( 26 ) a section of the carrier ( 10 ) provided with the abrasive coating ( 16 ) and a second handle ( 28 ) at a second stop point ( 30 ) of the section which is at a predetermined distance from the first stopping point ( 26 ) by means of releasable fastening devices ( 32 , 33 ) can be attached. 14. Device according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that at least a portion of the carrier provided with the abrasive coating ( 16 ) ( 10 ) in a holder ( 34 ) can be fixed such that a first bracket arm ( 36 ) on one the first stopping point ( 26 ) of the section and a second holding arm ( 38 ) can be fixed at a second stopping point ( 30 ) of the section at a predetermined distance from the first stopping point ( 26 ) by means of releasable fastening devices ( 40 , 42 ). 15. Apparatus according to claim 14, characterized in that the section of the carrier provided with the abrasive coating ( 16 ) ( 10 ) is stretched between the two holding points ( 26 , 30 ). 16. Apparatus according to claim 14, characterized in that the section of the with the abrasive coating ( 16 ) provided carrier ( 10 ) between the two stops ( 26 , 30 ) is loosely guided such that the carrier ( 10 ) the shape of the can adapt the processing tooth or denture area. 17. Device according to one of claims 13 to 15, characterized in that the holder ( 34 ) is provided with a handle ( 44 ). 18. Device according to one of claims 13 to 16, characterized in that the holder ( 34 ) is connected to a drive device ( 46 ) in order to carry out a desired, repetitive movement on the holder. 19. Apparatus according to claim 18, characterized in that the drive device ( 46 ) has a saw movement drive which moves the holder back and forth essentially in the direction of beam extension (A) in the manner of a saw. 20. Apparatus according to claim 19, characterized, that the saw motion drive with a perpendicular to Deflection device acting in the direction of beam extension can be coupled so that rocking and / or semicircular and Circular movements (B) superimposed on the reciprocation can be. 21. Device according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the carrier ( 10 ) provided with the abrasive coating ( 16 ) is endless and can be driven via a drive device ( 48 ) with a roller drive in such a way that the carrier ( 10 ) has a Reaches behind the tooth or dental prosthesis section ( 50 ) and is guided around a drive roller ( 52 ) spaced apart therefrom. 22. Device according to one of claims 12 to 21, characterized in that the drive device ( 46 ; 48 ) is associated with a handle ( 54 ). 23. A method for separating a tooth section using a device according to one of claims 1 to 21, characterized by the following method steps:

• - In the root area ( 56 ) of the tooth ( 58 ) between the roots ( 60 a, 60 b, 60 c) or root sections of the tooth sections to be separated from each other, the carrier ( 10 ) provided with the abrasive coating ( 16 ) is inserted;
• - The carrier ( 10 ) is subjected to a tensile force (F) on both sides of the tooth ( 58 ) in the direction of the tooth crown ( 62 ) along the tooth neck ( 64 ) in the direction of the tooth crown ( 62 ); and
• - The carrier ( 10 ) under tensile force (F) is put into a back and forth or sawing movement (C, D) and at the same time is guided in the direction of the tooth crown ( 62 ) through the tooth body until the tooth section is separated from the remaining tooth is.

24. The method according to claim 23, characterized in that for the insertion of the abrasive coating ( 16 ) provided carrier ( 10 ) between the roots ( 60 a, 60 b, 60 c) or root sections of the tooth sections to be separated from one another essentially a bore is attached perpendicular to the root area ( 56 ). 25. The method according to claim 23 or 24, characterized in that for introducing the abrasive coating ( 16 ) provided carrier ( 10 ) between the roots ( 60 a, 60 b, 60 c) or root sections of the tooth sections to be separated and for Performing the sawing movements (C, D) a cut ( 66 ) is made in the gums ( 68 ) of the root area ( 56 ).