DE1964265A1 - Best before generator - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a alch MHD-generator for production of electricity, preferably for the supply Ύοη wiring systems in aircraft and spacecraft.

In general, generators with moving and specially mounted parts have been used "which are subject to relatively rapid wear and tear" and require constant maintenance and also with an unfavorable ratio are affected by performance and weight.

Furthermore, an MHD alternator has already been proposed which significantly reduces energy losses and has a more favorable ratio of power to weight, which is achieved by the fact that a flowing conductive medium is alternately conducted into two channels, which are located in a magnetic field of superconducting coils · Since this Generator is designed in a linear arrangement, there are still certain eddy current losses, special ones his · »entrance and exit. This is where · »occurs the conductive · flowing · material is free of magnetic fields Baum suddenly moves into the work area permeated by the magnetic field • In »Dl · ·· eddy current losses can be so great, depending on the speed of the conductive medium, that they are considerable Reduction in efficiency occurs

109826/0786

BATH

EM 3110 - 2 - - 16.12.69

! ■ r 2 / Κθ

The object of the invention is to create an MHD generator that is no longer constructed linearly in order to eliminate eddy current losses and thus achieve optimum efficiency.

This object is achieved in that a conductive medium - for example grass, steam or liquid - within a Magnetic field in a vortex chamber is set in rotation by a second, driving medium The vortex chamber will preferably consist of a conductive jacket and insulating base and top surfaces.

Through these hatreds, an aggregate is now geewliaf ",. * N, that is free of eddy current losses, has an optimal degree of efficiency and in the further embodiment, due to the multiple arrangement of inlet tubes, only has low turbulence and therefore a uniform, low-friction current flow.

It is also proposed that the top surface has a shape ψ - preferably a tent roof shape - which only allows the propellant medium to escape. This prevents parts of the working medium from escaping at the same time as the driving medium.

Bin more »exemplary embodiment of the invention provides that two or more Wirbelkamraern in any spatial position are arranged to each other and have a" common Treibgasolnlauf, which is assigned a pipeline system for supplying the swirl chambers and that belkammern at the output dor) £ $ a perpendicular to the flow direction de »Troifef ^: • standing» magnetic field built up let. This inventive embodiment becomes a reversed phase orator

- 3 -10982 & / 0786

BATH ORIGINAL

EM 3110 - 3 - I6.i2.69

• J 2 / Ke

especially for use as an alternating current generator.

The invention is described and drawn below, so that further advantages and measures can be inferred from this as well * Show it

Fig. 1 shows a partial section of an elevation Looks · to an embodiment of the invention in a schematic representation · ^1. position,

Z shows a section along the line XX according to FIG. 1, FIG. 3 shows a partial section of a plan view of a second embodiment of the invention in a schematic diagram.

! position,
I.
Fig. 4 along a partial section of the arrangement according to FIG

dex * line IX.-II,
Fig. 5 is a partial section of a vortex chamber in which the

The outlet is formed by an MHD lock, FIG. 6 shows the top view of the arrangement according to FIG. Direction of arrow A seen.

As a first embodiment of the invention, the vortex chamber 10 according to FIGS. 1 and 2 has a conductive jacket made of, for example, copper and its base 12 and its top surface I3 consist of insulating material.The vortex chamber 10 is preferably cylindrical, designed and with a tangential to its periphery arranged inlet pipe lh provided for the propellant medium. The top surface 13 also has a special design which, in the exemplary embodiment shown, is raised in the shape of a tent roof, which promotes the escape of the propellant medium while the conductive medium remains in the vortex chamber 10.

Of course, a plurality of inlet pipes lh arranged tangentially to the circumference can also be arranged, as is the case in FIG

109826/0786

BATH ORIGINAL

EM 3110 - k - 16.12.69

2 / Ke

Fig. 1 shown in dashed lines if> t. The opening cross sections of these inlet pipes Ik can be kept smaller in these cases. As a result of this configuration, the turbulence of the conductive medium is reduced, the current flow is more uniform and the friction is not negligibly reduced by a gas film that forms between the working medium and the wall 11 of the vortex chamber. The cylindrical peripheral wall 11 of the vortex chamber 10 is made of such a material that it allows this wall 11 to be used as a first electrode. The second electrode 21 is arranged axially to the vortex chamber 10, that is to say in a standing position. The propellant medium, for example helium or sodium vapor, entering at high speed through the tangentially arranged tubes \ k , displaces the working medium located in the vortex chamber 10, e.g. B. liquid sodium-potassium mixture, in rotation. Because the entire arrangement is in a magnetic field 100 which is perpendicular to the direction of flow of the working medium, a voltage is induced between electrodes 11 and 21 which, in a manner known per se, is proportional to the product of magnetic field 100 and speed. A current Σ can flow through a load resistor 20. The generator voltage or power can be regulated by the fact that the amount of propellant gas can be variably adjusted, for example by means of slide 30, 3I, or the flow rate is changed while the flow rate remains the same.

A second exemplary embodiment according to Flg. 3 and k provides that the MHD generator according to the invention is designed as a polyphase electricity generator (alternating current). For this purpose, for example, two vortex chambers 110 are arranged next to one another in one plane. These chambers have a common propellant inlet 1 ^ 0, which is fed by a line system 1 * H, from the. One channel 11 * t each is assigned to a vortex chamber 110. A control system 1 ^ 2, 1 * »3 - for example a Fluidic - regulates the supply and the order of the

109826/0786

BATH ORIGINAL

EM 3110 - 5 - 16.12.69

2 / Ke

Charging of the vortex chambers 110 with propellant gas. The other The way it works is the same as the first one described above Embodiment ·

If every outlet is now: "connected to an expensive entrance" then is a feedback through these shaping measures achieved, which allows a self-control'des generator. The magnetic field 100 can be generated with the aid of superconducting coils.

Another embodiment according to FIGS. 5 and 6 provides that the conductive working medium at the exit of the vortex chamber by a magnetic field 200 which is perpendicular to the flow direction of the outflowing propellant gas is due to. apply a voltage U to the electrodes 121, 111 of the output gang canal held back in a known manner by the JxB force will.

- patent claims -

109826/0786

Claims (9)

EM 3110 ί 12/16/69 2 / kg Claims (1 · / MHD generator for electrical energy supply, especially © of on-board failures in aircraft and spacecraft, characterized by the fact that a conductive Medium - for example gas »vapor or liquid - within a magnetic field in a vortex chamber is set in rotation by a driving medium » 2. Generator according to claim 1, characterized in that the vortex chamber is tangential to several Injection pipes arranged around its circumference are equipped for the driving medium 3 * generator according to claim 1 and Z _9, characterized in that the vortex chamber consists of a conductive jacket and insulating base and top surfaces. k · Generator according to claims 1 to 3 »characterized in that the top surface has a shape, preferably a tent roof shape» which only allows the propellant medium to escape. 5 · Generator according to claim 1, characterized net that two or more fire chambers, side by side are arranged in one plane and one common Have propellant gas inlet to which a line system for supplying the vortex chambers is assigned. 109826/0786 BATH ORIGINAL. 3110 - «- 12/16/69 6 Genex'ator nacii one or less of claims 1 to 5 * dadurclx marked that at the exit the ¥ irbe! chamber is perpendicular to the direction of flow of the Propellant gas standing magnetic field is built up. 7. Generator according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, characterized in _t that superconducting coils for generating the magnetic fields may be used · 8. Generator _t 1 to 7 in '' according to one or more of claims that the propellant is able to move in an open or closed circuit " 9. Generator according to one or more of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the vortex chambers are arranged in different planes. 109826/0786 ■ ORIGINAL BATHROOM Blank page