DE19601284A1

DE19601284A1 - Device for converting chemical energy into mechanical

Info

Publication number: DE19601284A1
Application number: DE1996101284
Authority: DE
Original assignee: WEITZEL ENNO BURGHARD
Current assignee: WEITZEL ENNO BURGHARD
Priority date: 1996-01-16
Filing date: 1996-01-16
Publication date: 1997-07-17

Abstract

Unlike conventional two-stroke engines which provide lubrication through a fuel and oil mixture, the proposed design has a separate oil supply. Additional piston rings are fitted at the lower end of the piston so that a lubricating space(3) is created between the two piston pairs. At this point which is covered with oil a drilling is made in the cylinder wall. Lubrication of the moving parts such as the connecting rod and crankshaft is carried out through integrated oil ways.

Description

Es ist bekannt, daß der momentane Stand der Technik den Zweitaktverbrennungsmotor folgendermaßen vorgibt. Ein Kolben ist mittels Pleuel an einer Kurbelwelle befestigt. Dieser Kolben öffnet und schließt den Ansaug- sowie den Überlauf- als auch den Ausstoßkanal. Dabei wird das Kurbelwellengehäuse zum Vorverdichten und Ansaugen mitgenutzt. Über den Überlaufkanal gelangt das Kraftstoff/Luft/Öl-Gemisch in den Brennraum. Dort wird es verbrannt und ausgestoßen.It is known that the current state of the art specifies the two-stroke engine as follows. A piston is connected to a crankshaft by means of a connecting rod attached. This piston opens and closes the Intake as well as the overflow and the discharge channel. The crankcase is used for pre-compression and suction used. Reached via the overflow channel the fuel / air / oil mixture in the combustion chamber. There it is burned and expelled.

Der vorangegangene Stand der Technik hat den Nachteil, daß mit Verlustschmierung gearbeitet werden muß. Daraus resultiert eine hohe Umweltbelastung durch hohe Schadstoffemission. Nachteilig ist auch der Benzinver lust durch den schlecht zu dosierenden Spülungszyklus.The previous state of the art has the disadvantage that loss lubrication must be used. Out of it results in a high environmental impact due to high Pollutant emissions. The petrol engine is also disadvantageous lust due to the poorly metered rinse cycle.

Die Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht darin die Schmierung unabhängig von dem Kraftstoff zu machen.The object of the invention is lubrication to make regardless of the fuel.

Die Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, daß der Kolben innen hohl gestaltet wird, ein zweites Paar Kolbenringe angebracht und so ein Schmierraum geschaffen wird. Die Schmierung der beweglichen Teile wie Pleuel und Kurbelwelle wird durch integrierte Ölführung gewähr leistet. Die Dosierung des Kraftstoffes wird durch Ventilein- und -auslaß verfeinert.The object is achieved in that the piston inside is designed hollow, a second pair of piston rings attached and so a lubrication chamber is created. Lubrication of moving parts such as connecting rods and Crankshaft is guaranteed by an integrated oil guide accomplishes. The fuel is dosed by Valve inlet and outlet refined.

Der Vorteil der Erfindung liegt darin, daß der Kraft stoff ohne Schmierölzusatz verwendet werden kann. Dadurch ist der Einbau von geregelten Katalysatoren möglich. Darüber hinaus ermöglicht die Ventiltechnik die Anpassung des Vergasers bzw. der Einspritzanlage an die tatsächlichen Druckverhältnisse im Brennraum. Damit ist der Hohlkolbenmotor sowohl dem Zweitakter, durch die umweltverträglicheren Abgase, als auch dem Viertakter, durch die höhere effektive Literleistung, überlegen.The advantage of the invention is that the force can be used without the addition of lubricating oil. This means the installation of regulated catalysts possible. In addition, the valve technology enables the adjustment of the carburetor or the injection system to the actual pressure conditions in the combustion chamber. So the hollow piston engine is both two-stroke, through the more environmentally friendly exhaust gases, as well as the Four-stroke, due to the higher effective liter output, think.

Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung anhand von Zeichnungen und erklärendem Text beschrieben.The invention is described below with reference to drawings and explanatory text.

Fig. 1 zeigt eine Schemazeichnung des Motors. Fig. 1 shows a schematic drawing of the engine.

Fig. 2 zeigt die zu schmierenden Stellen. Fig. 2 shows the points to be lubricated.

Fig. 3 zeigt den neu gewonnenen Schmierraum. Fig. 3 shows the lubricating newly acquired space.

Fig. 4 zeigt die Notwendigkeit der Kanalumlegung. Fig. 4 shows the need for channel switching.

Fig. 5 zeigt den Hohlkolbenmotor im Längsschnitt. Fig. 5 shows the hollow piston engine in longitudinal section.

Fig. 6 zeigt den Hohlkolben im Längsschnitt. Fig. 6 shows the hollow piston in longitudinal section.

Fig. 7 zeigt den Pleuel mit gestricheltem Innenraum. Fig. 7 shows the connecting rod with a dashed interior.

Fig. 8 zeigt die Kurbelwelle mit Bohrungen. Fig. 8 shows the crankshaft with bores.

Fig. 9 zeigt die Verbindung der Kurbelwelle mit der Stelle der Zylinderinnenwand, die dauerhaft mit Öl versehen ist. Fig. 9 shows the connection of the crankshaft with the location of the cylinder inner wall, which is permanently provided with oil.

Die erfindungsmäßige Vorrichtung arbeitet folgendermaßen:
Das Schmieröl tritt an der in Fig. 9 mit I gekennzei chneter Stelle in den Kreislauf ein. Es gelangt durch die Bohrung in den Schmierraum zwischen Zylinderwand und Kolben. Durch den Kolben in den Pleuel. Von dort durch die Kurbelwelle zu der in Fig. 9 mit II gekennzei chneten Stelle wieder hinaus. Auf diesem Weg werden alle notwendigen Teile geschmiert. Dadurch kann erstens das Schmieröl mehrmals verwendet werden, zweitens kann schmierölfreier Kraftstoff verwendet werden. Dieser gelangt entweder direkt in den mit frischer Luft ge füllten Brennraum oder in Form von Kraftstoff/Luft-Ge misch in das Kurbelwellengehäuse. Dort wird er vorver dichtet und gelangt über den Überlaufkanal in den Brennraum. Hier wird er mit der Luft verbrannt und kann, durch Katalysatoren gefiltert, in die Umwelt entweichen.The device according to the invention works as follows:
The lubricating oil enters the circuit at the location marked with I in FIG. 9. It enters the lubrication chamber between the cylinder wall and piston through the bore. Through the piston in the connecting rod. From there through the crankshaft to the point marked II in FIG. 9 again. In this way, all necessary parts are lubricated. As a result, firstly, the lubricating oil can be used several times, secondly, lubricating oil-free fuel can be used. This either goes directly into the combustion chamber filled with fresh air or in the form of a fuel / air mixture into the crankshaft housing. There it is pre-sealed and reaches the combustion chamber via the overflow channel. Here it is burned with the air and, filtered by catalysts, can escape into the environment.

Claims

1. Device for converting chemical energy into mechanical energy (internal combustion engine), with a structure such as that shown in FIG. 1 as a schematic drawing.
A freely moving piston, connected to a crankshaft via a connecting rod. A hollow cylinder encloses this piston, on which there are piston rings at the top, from above. The crankshaft housing creates a spatial limit from below, as shown in FIG. 1.
This new type of internal combustion engine is characterized in that it does not supply the points to be lubricated with lubricant through the fuel / oil mixture, as with conventional two-stroke engines, but with separately guided oil. In order to be able to continue to use the crankshaft housing as a working housing (for suction and pre-compression), it is necessary to ensure the lubrication of the points marked in FIG. 2 in another way. This is done in that further piston rings are attached to the lower end of the piston, thus creating a lubricating space between the two pairs of piston rings ( Fig. 3). In this there is a place that is permanently covered with oil. At this point, drilling through the cylinder wall is required.
In addition, it is necessary to move the intake, overflow and exhaust channels, otherwise they would be full of oil in the phase in which they would normally be closed ( Fig. 4). Therefore, the channels are as shown in Fig. 5 so that they are never touched by the piston skirt.
However, since they can no longer be opened or closed by means of pistons, valve technology must be used.
The piston skirt must be supplied with oil, so it is necessary to make the inside of the piston and the connecting rod as well as the crankshaft hollow to ensure the oil supply ( Fig. 6, 7, 8).
At the points where the connecting rod is taken up by the piston, the connecting rod by the crankshaft and the crankshaft by the crankshaft housing, it is also necessary to ensure lubrication.
This is done by placing holes on the contact surfaces so that the oil can flow and thus lubricate. These points are sealed with sealing rings against the inside of the crankshaft housing. Ultimately, the points I and II in Fig. 9 are connected so that a closed oil circuit is formed.

2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that a so-called "bent connecting rod" is installed.
That the fuel is injected directly into the combustion chamber. That both gasoline and diesel fuel can be used ver. That an additional oil pump, between positions I and II in Fig. 9, maintains the required oil pressure. That an oil reservoir is installed to improve the ease of maintenance in the above-mentioned oil circuit. That more than 3 valves are installed. That more than one spark plug is installed.