DE1958688C - Device for spray cooling - Google Patents

Description

The end closer to the door) is warmer than the front end (closer to the brine tank). The temperatures in the upper and lower part of the cargo were in the order of magnitude of 2.8 ^C C (above) and 10 ⁰ C (below), which represents a considerable temperature difference. A more even temperature distribution can be achieved by partially pre-evaporating the liquid refrigerant upstream of the spray head (Belgian patent specification 705257). Another problem, namely the threat of frost damage to the property, remains unsolved. At hochgesta-Frihtld tte in connection with

at least part of ^the , ^tluss ^ _walk on one

half of the

to a g

within the memory _prevented)

mestromes legend iso «« j. Metal sheets

the temperature ^ e / roßflach ^ ^^^

far lowered

Suffers damage.

_obelfläche enb is withdrawn. This leads to the _ ⁶ _temperature distribution in

_T he in the way of the Were _{erhindert there) because} ß

j. Metal sheets so ch ^ ^^^

their ^v0 » ^e _f . ^ ^ Se ^ v
large-areaMBechen

Because the cold "Β *

Y " ⁰ ^" iörifanden Ä d

Berer Men gt present: st ^ as ^ ^ _{& Μ} _

Irrigation has_preference ^ _warm insulation, which surrounds the ch.gen ™ ^^ ™ ^ _natxmg

than the one, i.e. the

n is.

_Liquid outlet _ka i _ter and in large refrigerant in the

ch.gen

^nu . ^ss ? ^g _n
lower

^U ^ _melcitw ert
Warrneiuuvert

p
B ecje this

that of the good, however, remains unsolved. In case of high sta- damage suffered. _Sor ühleiturig also with

Frischgutladungen-coupled contact ^VorZU f ^! f surrounded _Henden thermal insulation, the

Non-insulated spray heads frost damage if one en ^^ "J ^ Sgen Metallblechcn in was thermostat setting used under with adjacent grounacnigc

be approximately 4.4 ° C. The frost damage is thereupon 15 mechanical contact is there is a _moderate temperature distribution

attributed to the fact that the goods with the storage bc- A ^ £ ^ _Γ embodiment of the

container for liquid nitrogen and derr. Sprühkopf lung ™ «i« »ell ^^ Siuslaß-Veidainpferleitung connected cold line or the spray head invention eh uss, gxe ^ ^ _{length of} itself comes very close. The natural Fluidkon- in ^we ^ ^"Ulcn * ⁿ _{kt and} he _üb essentially vcntionsströme in this loading over the charge storage chamber 20 extends _Warmeis olation and

sensitive area very focused. Also adopt their ^{v0 "e} ^ ^ S ^ rsehen is the cold from the openings leaving secondary refrigerant h

spray jet directly onto the top layer of das Well containing boxes or boxes.

Another problem is the intestine, that is vtfh-, 5 form ^r rend normal operation of the conventional operating with a non-isolated liquid spray head Stickstoffsprühsystems Reif large amounts of the spray head. This frost (often in the form of ice) g

can change the normal and desired distribution of 30 Sprühl ^eitun / TgJ _n nullify and rise to a ¹ ^ ¹⁰ Jf * ^e _if Sacht are formed _{along a} longitudinal corner of the spray jets it the large-scale

^, regular, unpredictable temperature rain storage chamber attached ^ _i

give mood. The spray head openings are so different ^L ^ 2 ^Z 7 ^eC

e, H. 'that the exiting spray jets normally paint over essentially the entire upper part of the material chamber. If on the If the spray head forms frost, this easily has the consequence that certain parts of the chamber have a weaker and different

to store their parts high for a stronger than the intended one, ^ ^

Portion of the refrigerant spray. 40 ^m ^ ^chamsc _n ^h "". ^ Ärmeleitweg ^ would form. Seated on the spray head may also Reif frost desired FWrtrf ^ _™ η _e ^g _ntla ng the ceiling of the damage of the material bring about the fact that he is ^V f ^a f ^ "^ ^ e _rsind large sheets DIE

'G falls Phhtl i those J «^ ka ^ s« rfd «g» B ^ ^ _n ,

2ι ceiling hm open channel l-

it ^a ^^ ^L ..

deyn ^^^ S _bdm switch off the KSUe-

The invention is based on the problem of a JjJgJ * ^^ * «^ A ^

Device for spray cooling of frost-sensitive «« ^ r ^ ag ^ ₁₆ UUn ₈ preferred

chem well to create in the case of a mold, - 50 ^^^^^ Γνϊ ^ Αβη, whose inlet is within

gere product temperature from the front to the rear we ^se ™ J ^"u * J _{he is arrange} t is defined as the level

and from the upper to the lower part of the Gut- der Lendung hone g _remaining river.g-

storage chamber is taken care of, in the case of frost damage in each ma

the uppermost layer of the goods are avoided and with "^ Äfck on e.ne uniform temperature

with the

This allows ^the ^
save high without

. _{Shape of a}

_{Meanwhile, in the} inner corner there is a surrounding line. β _h section

^ T ₅ the perpendicular section. _sensitive good relative ^ ^P _{& s with the} sheets in

bring about damage to the property by the fact that it falls on the property. Cardboard boxes in which the goods are packed, soak up with the water. that forms when the ice is within Periods of time in which no cooling is

45

solved in that the liquid outlet vaporizer chamber

The transfer line is surrounded by a heat insulator. "J de 60 E" n

the heat flow to this line to 24.8 to ^ flL

66.1 kcal / h per line length limited and explained. ^fcs «> 8 _ematic view of a saddle

External in thermal contact with adjacent large area ⁸ _{h with} spray cooling device,

_{In the case of the} invention, P ^ ^ _fo , _{genden is close at hand}

"flL

_st , _h

View of cooling device,

Steamer pipe surrounding insulation are there- Fi g.

5 6

F i g. 4 shows a section of a modified execution section 30 and a wide horizontal section

shape of spray head and nozzle, assigned to section 31, which is connected via a U-shaped intermediate

F i g. 5 shows a section of a further embodiment piece 32 connected to one another. The intermediate

shape of spray head and nozzle and nozzle 32 is on the outside of the thermal insulation

6 shows a schematic elevation of a for satellite 5 lation 33 of the line 15a. Sections 30, 31

Tcl towing crane trailers and railway wagons can be attached to the ceiling of the storage chamber 11.

th embodiment of the spray cooling device. be steady.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 1 forms the The metal sheets 23 are dimensioned so that they are in Construction of an articulated lorry trailer, the heat-sufficient amount of heat from the chamber Storage chamber 11 for frost-sensitive io ambient gas transferred to lines 15, 21 to Goods 12, which are loaded and unloaded via doors 13, are goods from one end to the other can. F. in the inside or outside of the storage chamber to a desired temperature in Storage chamber 11 arranged double-walled, range from 0.5 to 10.0 ° C to cool and thereby a heat-insulated container 14 takes as a coolant to prevent freezing of the upper Gutlage. Equals Pressurized low-boiling, liquefied 15 time, the coolant is at least partially liquefied Gas, preferably nitrogen, whose boiling point evaporates before it reaches the spray line 21, point at atmospheric pressure below approximately Among the factors to consider when dimensioning the metal

28.9 C. The pressure in the container 14 will play a role between the plates 23, thermal conductivity

sclK-n held approximately 0.7 and 7 atmospheres. With the ease. Thickness, length and width. In the case of a memory

holder 14 is one end of a thermally insulated chamber 11.3 m long, 2.25 m wide and 2.25 m

Liquid outlet evaporator line 15 connected. The height passed the sheets 23 for both lines

In the line 15 there is a control valve 16, which is via 15, 21 (in the form of copper pipe with 12.7 mm

a transmission device 20 with a temperature outer diameter) made of aluminum sheet from

temperature regulator 19 is connected. which in turn has a thickness of 1.59 mm. Sections 24, 25 were 203

Transfer device 18 to a temperature 25 or 50.8 mm, the sections 30, 31, 38.1 and

sensor 17 is connected. The line 15 is 190.5 mm wide.

1, preferably along the above The thermal insulation 27, 33 provide a rcn edges of the storage chamber 11 over its full thermal conductivity of 24.8 to 66.1 kcal / h m line length and breadth, so that dripping down the sound. Lower thermal conductivity values would result in a Wärdcnswasser does not fall on good 12. 30 mc transfer from the good to the coolant

The other end of the Fiüssigkeitsauslaß-Evaporator, which is sufficient to evaporate the coolant at least partially, is at least partially with a practically full one. At higher heat length of the chamber 11 reaching. So much heat could be transferred from jgsweisc conductance values, likewise along an upper longitudinal edge of the chamber, that under certain circumstances frost damage could occur in the thermally insulated spray line 35 running at the top of the upper layer. The thickness of the thermal insulation 21 connected, which is provided with openings 22 for the exit functions 27, 33 depends on the respective thermal conductivity of the refrigerant. The openings 22 depend on. It may be useful to use a total area of 0.42 to 33 for the liquid outlet evaporator tube 1.90mm ^ä / m chamber length and an equivalent device 15 made of a material with a diameter of less than 1.8 mm. 40 lower conductance than the thermal insulation 27 of the

Large-area metal sheets 23 are in contact with the spray line 21, because the coolant in the lines 15, 21 and the chamber surrounding gas in the device 15 are generally cold and in larger quantities heat contact. In the preferred embodiment, the coolant, which is provided by the OfT form according to FIG. 2, the sheet metal 23 has a longitudinal wall of the storage chamber 45 which is opposite to the opening 22 sprayed through into the chamber 11. In the above-mentioned embodiment, with a pointing horizontal section 24 and a vertical section directed towards the copper pipe with an outer diameter of 12.7 mm for the storage chamber floor, the lines 15, 21 were cut 25 for both. the outer edges of which use the same insulation in the example lines, namely 51 to 203 mm thick gas space of the chamber and a flexible elastomer foam layer of 12.7 mm. The sections 24, 25 are between 50 inside diameter and 25.4 mm outside diameter. The density of this insulation was 88 to 112 kg / m ³ ; The outside of the thermal conductivity surrounding the spray ducts 21 was approximately 39.6 kcal / hm of thermal insulation 27. An effective maintenance length.

The transfer of solid heat through solid heat is achieved. According to FIG obtained by that the intermediate piece 26 has the same 55 multiple nozzles 34 formed by 90 ° elbows The contour of the thermal insulation 27 has. The Ab- provided, each of which with one end in the Sections 24. 25 extend into the poorly thermally conductive upper area of the spray line 21, alas Walls 28 of the storage chamber 11 by means of rivets through the line wall hm durcherstrecks and with 29 attached. Preferably, the section 24 is relatively wide to the other, to the opposite chamber, while the vertical wall 60 is directed towards the end into the gas space of the section 25 is relatively narrow (Fig.2). That the Flüs storage manifold drives. If when switching off the sigkcitsauslaß evaporator line 15 associated refrigerantzofuhr a liquid flow into the Large-area metal sheets can remain lines in the same way, this can be the remaining coolant trained scm. do not fall through the spray openings onto the top layer of material across the rear end of the storage chamber. Rather gets into the mcr 11 reaching part 15a of the liquid inlet storage chamber 11 after the refrigerant supply Vcrdampfverleftung hi preferably according to FIG. 3 ans the container 14 is interrupted, only Kanecm Sheet metal nrit a narrow horizontal carrier vapor. With the tested practical guidance

The shape of the nozzle consisted of rustproof to the ground below the loading area 41. There Steel pipe of 3.18 mm outer diameter and the gas flows through passages 42 of the bottom cone-0.64 mm wall thickness; the vertical upper section struktion of the storage chamber 11 therethrough, wherein was 27.0 mm long; the 90 ° bend had a cooling of the lower layers of the goods 12 er radius of 9.5 mm; the 5 located at the outlet end follows. The ambient horizontal section heated in this way was 4.8 mm long. gas rises at the upper end behind an intermediate

4 and 5 show modified execution wall 43 high and is then via a channel 44

shape of the spray nozzle. During execution, at least partially circulated again. The rest

form according to FIG. 4 is a straight pipe section 35. Gas can be released into the open via a vent 45

provided, which can be derived through the upper part of the spray io.

device and its thermal insulation. During operation, liquid coolant is added to the tank

the embodiment according to FIG. 5 is 14 via the outlet evaporator line 15 intermii-

a 90 ° pipe bend 36, the inner end of which is removed with animal when the control valve 16 is in Ab-

the top of the spray line 21 is connected and depends on the determined by the sensor 17

whose outside 15 chamber gas temperature, angled via the line 21, is opened in order to

on the opposite chamber wall to keep the temperature between 9.5 and 10.0 ° C. the

is directed. A plug 37 with a hole for liquid is at least partially in the line 15

38 of small diameter sits in the outer way pre-evaporated by heat, which is

End and allows the refrigerant vapor spray jet to be transferred out of the pipe walls

to step. »Becomes 0. The pipe walls are in turn through

In certain cases, the temperature distribution can allow solid heat conduction from the large-area metallin the storage chamber made even more uniform sheets 23 from being warmed up, the heat by gas, if, according to the embodiment, absorb convection from the good 12. The warmth after Fig.6 a fan 40 is provided, the transmission is sufficient to the partial Vorverdas Cooled ambient gas circulates and steaming in the upper 25 to achieve the mean temperature Part of the storage chamber 11, preferably at the one of the liquid outlet evaporator line 15 on one end approximately at the same level as the next lying area of the metal sheets openings 22 of the spray line 21 is seated. The chamber to hold a value that is no more than approximately ambient pas including part of the temperature is 14 ° C below the temperature in the gas atomized Coolant through the upper part of the 30 space of the storage chamber above the top one Chamber through over the material 12 to the rear layer of material and deeper than the spray line 21 at the end of the chamber passed and then flows downwardly determined heat sensor 17.

1 sheet of drawings

Claims (9)

9 Device according to one of claims 1 patent claims: ^ characterized in that the liquid 1. Device for spray cooling in a keitsauslaß evaporator line (15) and the Storage chamber housed frost-sensitive spray line (21) along opposite one Ehern Gut with a container to accommodate 5 longitudinal corners of the storage chamber (U) run, a low-boiling liquid coolant, one fluid outlet connected to the container The invention relates to a device for distributed openings and an in io spray cooling of liquid outlet evaporator line lying in a storage carter underneath- brought frost-sensitive material with a container control valve which is directed to an in the Storage tank for receiving a low-boiling liquid chamber housed temperature sensor, one connected to the container speaks, whereby the chamber through intermittent liquid outlet evaporator line, with an overhead spray temperature connected to a temperature connected with the introduction of the coolant 0.5 and 10.0 ° C is maintained, device with distributed openings and one characterized in that the liquid in the liquid outlet evaporator line liegensigkeiisauslaß evaporator line (15) with a control valve, which is on one in the Speichererka m-thermal insulation (27, 33) is surrounded, which responds to the mer housed temperature sensor, heat flow to this line (15) to 24.8 to 20, which ^{limits the chamber by intermittent input 6 Λ} . <kcaUh per m line length and lead the The coolant is kept at a temperature in between in thermal contact "with adjacent see 0.5 and 10.0 C,
large-area metal sheets (23) which are exposed to chamber ambient gas The cooling of perishable goods. by spraying a cold cryogenic liquid 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in 25 from a storage container for liquefied gas in indicates that the spray line (21) also the Gub storage chamber is known (USA.-Patent mit a corresponding thermal insulation (27) script 3 287 925) and is in practice to a large extent is surrounded, which is applied with adjacent large-scale perimeter. Certain problems arise Metal sheets (23) is in thermal contact. when the goods are sensitive to frost, as is the case with 3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2. da- 30 fresh goods, z. B. Lettuce, which is the case within characterized in that the liquid from a relatively narrow temperature range of let evaporator line (15) must be kept essentially 0.5 to 10.0 "C, and if it over the full length of the storage chamber (U) depends on such good for extended and to cool for substantially their full periods in excess of about 48 hours. Expansion with the thermal insulation (27, 33) 35 In the interior of fresh goods, respiration occurs and the large-area metal sheets (23) is provided. Heat generated by the cooling system along with the 4. Apparatus according to claims 1 and 2, since atmospheric heat must be dissipated, the characterized in that the with the large area inevitably in the good storage chamber chigenic sheets (23) connected thermal insulation passes. Another characteristic of numerous species (23), the liquid outlet Verdarr.pferlei- 40 of fresh goods is a low density, which allows device (15) surrounds a lower heat conduction the material chamber, d. H. in particular a load attachment value has than the one (27) who ger the spray pipe or a railroad car, up to close to the ceiling (21) surrounds. to be fully loaded without the permissible loading weight 5. Device according to one of claims 1 of the vehicle is exceeded. With certain Gübis4, where one of the lines along a 45 tern can provide satisfactory spray cooling Longitudinal corner of the storage chamber is attached during transport for periods of time approximately characterized in that the large two days exceed, only taken care of when Sheets (23) of this line are maintained in the form of an angle storage temperatures that Pieces are formed, in the inner corner of which are close to the freezing point of the goods. One did the on the other hand, neuter freezing must be avoided. because there is usually a complete 6. The device according to claim 5, which has the consequence and makes the goods unsaleable indicates that the horizontal section. With certain fruits, there may be one above the (24) the elbow is wider than the freezing point temperature to cause cold damage right section (25). 55 come, which should also be avoided. 7. Device according to one of claims 1 One of these problems is the fluctuation dei to 4, in which one of the lines along the product temperature within the storage chamber. At the ceiling of the storage chamber, for example, the spray cooling of lettuce is characterized by the large-scale aid of liquid nitrogen and a 11.3 m long spray head arranged over Kopl sheets (23) of this line in the form of a flat 60 considered Einei sheet with an open-to-ceiling gutter thermostat setting of 1.7 ^0C. The ir are formed in which the line lies. Sy. U.S. Patent 3,287,925 8. Device according to one of claims 1 star has large temperature gradients both between to 7, characterized in that the spraying see the front and rear end of the Gutladun) device (21) is provided with nozzles (34, 35, 36), from 65 and between the top and bottom of the Gutla ren inlet within the line result in higher order. The temperature difference between net is seen as the level of one respectively in the pipe the front and the rear end of the la remaining liquid residue. dung went up to 8.3 ° C, with the rear (the zu