DE1951567B2 - MANHOLE FURNITURE MELTING AND METHOD OF OPERATING THE SAME - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a shaft furnace for can. The openings or slots extend

Melting of oxide ores, concentrates, or at least along the length of the bottom half of each

roasted ores as well as a method of operating column or column. The columns make that possible

same. Transfer of heat to the downward sliding

Lately, various attempts have been made on By-5 pellets or briquettes, from the ambient pass coke ovens and other coking room in which the tar and gaseous coal supplies aimed at the hydrogens as well as any compound from the shaft from the shaft furnaces have been collected Pellets or briquettes of CO or H _{2 are} burned in such a way that to be fed in directly, the coal contains as the main component an oxygen-containing gas via openings or nozzles. These attempts to direct smelting io blown in a suitable manner in the exterior and smelting were generally unsuccessful in the wall of the chamber or the space arranged, since difficulties arise due to a combination of the columns in terms of length , Cross-section of a physical "collapse" of the pellets and wall thickness designed in such a way that a progressive or briquette with the release of tar-like sive heating of the pellets or briquettes, which are contained in components that slide down in the upper part 15, is possible. The heating is carried out of the shaft furnace and accumulate in the gas extractors, to a temperature of 450-800 ⁰ C, preferably so that a shutdown for cleaning emergency 550-750 ° C and (in the smelting of zinc) 700 is ultimately to manoeuvrable. 800 ⁰ C. The pellets or briquettes are placed on the

The present invention is therefore the object of said temperatures before leaving the

based on a device and a method pre-heated 20 columns.

strike, which can be a direct supply of together- According to a preferred embodiment

placed pellets or briquettes, the charcoal contains the combustion chamber of the main shaft furnace

th, to allow, whereby it should be ensured that are removed.

The oxygen-containing gas that enters the combustion

a) the pellets or briquettes during the feeding of ₂₅ drying chamber or in the combustion chamber, which is the and surrounding during the passage through the encryption Verkokungskolonnen blown occurs kokungsstufe remain fixed and at such a pressure and with such a Give the tarry substances free and up to a speed one. that sufficient circulation of a certain degree in an open heating room ^and movement of the flames and hot gases within the upper part ιs furnace burned 3 ° is guaranteed. Baffles or other means can be used so that the upper part of the furnace and the areas inside the combustion chamber are not clogged and fouled. ^to uniform heating of each of the

Support columns. Otherwise the

This object was achieved by a shaft case that the extent of coking in the furnace for direct melting and smelting of oxy-35 individual columns is different.
dic ores or concentrates or roasting ores. The flue or flues through which the hot, characterized by one or more hollow combustion gases, leave the combustion chamber or the coking chambers, which are arranged above a main shaft combustion chamber that surrounds the coking columns, a combustion chamber, are connected to hot gas manifolds all or part of the coking column that gives the hot gases to heat exchangers, gas, openings or slots that clean in the walls and pass on exhaust fans. In each coking column are arranged, means usually a slightly negative pressure to coal in the combustion chamber or in the supply of a pelletized or briquetted combustion space, which surrounds the coking and carbon mixture of ore or concentrate or roasting ore with nizing columns the tops of the coking column 45 are maintained to allow the tarry columns or columns to be withdrawn. wherein the pellets or briquettes long substances and the other hydrocarbons from the sam under Schwerkraflcinffektiing first through the pellets or briquettes through the slots or openings of the coking column or columns and then into the combustion chamber,
slide down through the main shaft furnace, through An advantage of the invention is that there is a means of supplying an oxygen-containing «! Gas in the 5 ° place of an expensive, less reactive, the combustion chamber and by means of the metallurgical coke, which is necessary for the proper drawing of the metal or the alloy from the operation of conventional blast furnaces, a main shaft furnace. Cheaper Backkr can be used here. The used

In another preferred embodiment, coal must above all have a sufficiently high flow, a device which is capable of partial coking of the coal component in the combined thermal decomposition when passing through the first stages. If the offset pellets or briquettes are made from oxidic ores, addable coal this property does not consist of sufficient concentrates or roasted ores. In this way, the mixture of coal and oxys are approximately vertical hollow columns or columns, the fine ores with tar, bitumen or another made from a heat-resistant alloy or hydrocarbon in liquid form, supplemented by a fire-resistant ceramic, inside the rough, so that the ability of the coal to grow out or to expand the chamber above the main shaft and arrange the individual small oxidic Kompodes shaft furnace. The space or the elements of the pellets or briquettes during the heating chamber are, apart from one or more mung to a temperature of 320 to 480 ³ C for gas vents, closed and sealed. Every 65 "wet" is increased.

Column is provided with openings or slots. Another advantage of the invention is that

which have such a size or are designed in such a way that a continuous supply of pellets or bri-

sintl. that the pellets or briquettes do not fall through kelts in the blast furnace is so possible that compli-

<f

I 951 567

adorned closure means, double or triple bell briquettes in a semi-coked state, and they

and funnel systems are not required. slide further down the furnace until the

The invention can in principle be ended with direct melting and smelting,
len shaft furnace melting of oxyder ores and con An oxygen-containing gas is over one or more centrates, z. B. lateritic ores (with iron, tin 5 rere openings or nozzles in the chamber or the and nickel) and concentrals can be used. Blown the space that surrounds the columns. Here invention is also suitable for the smelting of roasted products by burning a substantial part and ores or other oxidic metallurgical products- a considerable part of the tars and hydrocarbon products. The melted product can be a liquid gas that is made of metal or an alloy that escapes from the frame and tapped through the openings and slots, as well as a part of at least the coal of the blast furnace, or a metal monoxide and the hydrogen from the upper Steam escaping from the top of the furnace from the top of the furnace shaft. Which is pulled. In the case of roasted zinc ores and mixtures, these tars and gases are burned in the hollow space surrounding the column with roasted lead concentrates leaving the space surrounding the column, resulting in sufficient zinc vapor in the upper part of the furnace and collecting heat to prevent the coals from coking themselves with the less volatile, with lead content of the pellets and briquettes to ensure, if enriched phase and / or slag in the frame this slowly within the hollow columns after the bottom furnace. In other cases, an oxy- will slide down. The pellets or briquettes are obtained through the furnace by-product at the upper end of the high- a combination of V, tower radiation, pipe and furnace. 20 -kenvection within the coions, and they are heated

The inventive method for direct shaft access to the upper part of the blast furnace top with furnace melting of oxidic ores or concentration temperatures of 450 to 800 ⁰ C, preferably of stepped or roasted ores is characterized by 550 to 750 ⁰ C and - at the Melting zinc - net that a pelletized or briquetted mixture 700 to 800 ⁰ C. The hot combustion gases leave the room or the chamber, which surrounds the hollow columns slowly downwards under the effect of shear, of Frz or concentrate or roasting with coal one or more suitably arranged first through: h the one or more coking flues and are routed via heat exchangers and gas columns with openings or slots to the wall cleaner to vent fans. A high thermal efficiency is ensured by the fact that the main shaft furnace is conducted, that an oxygen 30 these gases are used in various metallurgical work-containing gases entered into the combustion chamber, e.g. B. in the preheating of the leads, the whole or part of the combustion column or columns blown into the furnace via nozzles or openings surrounds that tars and burning air or a moderate preheating of the pellets or bare gases, which by the To make openings or slits of briquettes before feeding them to the hopper at the top of the downward moving filling of the front of the blast furnace,
coking column or columns escape, by means of another preferred embodiment of the oxygen-rich gas, that of the invention, the tars and the other products of combustion are easily withdrawn from the combustion-volatile products of thermal decomposition to the chamber and that the metal or a A considerable part is burned by the alloy which is produced in the main shaft furnace and which reacts with the oxygen-containing gases in which is withdrawn. Combustion chamber, which is the column or columns

A preferred embodiment of the invention surrounds, and which above - but separately - from according to the method consists of a continuous melting furnace is arranged. The easy ones lent integrated feeding, carbonizing (Veikoken) freed volatile products and partially coked and melting of oxide ores or concentrates. Pellets or briquettes are finally released or roasted ores in a shaft furnace, slotted column or the slotted columns in the the subsequent operations being carried out conducted melting furnace, where rapid melting too will. Metal vapor, slag and possibly others,

D ^; Oxydic fine ores or concentrates or less volatile, metal-enriched roasted ores are first carried out with a finely ground phase (or phase).
Baking charcoal and, if desired, with other additives. When smelting roasted zinc ores, leaves mixed, with at least one binder in front of, for example, the zinc in the upper part of the furnace. the one bond in the surrounding a form in which it _{causes it in a hot CO - CO 2} - N ₂ -lenipcratures. The mixture is pelletized, enclosed in gas mixture, and it then occurs or briquetted. Due to the action of the 55 into a condenser, where it is obtained. The pellets or briquettes are "hardened" by binding agents. If lead is present, it is produced together with the »hardened«, but not yet coked pellets, slag as a lead alloy with gold and silver content or briquettes are suitably produced using one or more. The tars produced, which have been incinerated essentially in nete funnels in one or more approximately vertical of the upper separate chambers, introduced hollow, approximately tubular columns which are 60 in size, do not pollute the upper part of the furnace with openings or slits in the walls and the Gjsabzügec and are not impaired either, so that the tars and other gaseous gases can escape the following reverse reactions of the zinc hydrocarbons emanating from the steam released from the upper part of the furnace of the coal fraction in the pellets or briquettes:
when the latter is slowly moving downwards _{- 65 ^ n} _l CO -> ZnO - ¹ - CO
slide through the columns through the temperature ho 7 η _l η
go through the area with thermal decomposition. ^{Zn + H2} ° "* ^{ZnU +} " ²
At the exit of the columns are the pellets or If the pellets or briquettes iednch pimp Τρπιπρ-

5 6 y

Ratiir of about 70O ⁰ C when entering the blast furnace product in the steam condenser 24 supported

Have not reached the melting zone, too much can easily and also serves to degas and coke

to direct volatile constituents in the semi-coked compo pellets or briquettes to the center of the furnace,

part of the hot pellets or briquettes. If desired, means not shown can be used

Hydrogen and hydrocarbons and given 5 for rotation or for another operation of the

if H ₂ O emanating therefrom, undesirable hollow coke columns 11-13 can occur in each of the

Reverse reactions with the zinc vapor are provided in the condensate embodiments according to the invention

enter saior. On the other hand, if the pellets or be to the downward movement of the pellets or

Briquettes have a temperature of more than 800'C to accelerate or convey briquettes in the columns,

range while they are still in the coking column. Below are some examples of the practical

or the coking columns, the zinc application of the invention can be listed,

steam begin to distill from it. The zinc. .

~ ".yd, which from this vapor in the starting gases Example 1

is formed, must then from the used arrangement melts of soft hematite fine ores
can be collected and recirculated to the 15 _ore composition in percent:
To clean the exhaust of the combustion gases.

In the embodiment of the invention in which a ζ? "° '* j

oxidic vapor by-product is obtained are \\ n 1 ->

corresponding means for collecting it -u 1 r \ λ

see how cyclones, bag filters, electrostatic gas 30 glow loss 0.4

cleaner or other arrangements for collecting the ^{remainder 27} < ⁶ (mainly

Steam. Oxygen)

Preferred embodiments are selected from the drawings. The ore is of the above composition

can be seen. F i g. 1 to 3 concern schematically ground in a ball mill, up to 78% by one

see illustrations, with the as 320-Maxhen-BS sieve going through for the same parts.

The same reference numerals are used. The fine ores are thoroughly mixed with

In FIG. 1 shows a shaft furnace 10, in ° ⁶ .

the upper part of which is perforated carbonization or ^a ) ^e ™ ^T , ^Ba <* "and fatty charcoal with a high

Coking columns or columns 11, 12 and 13 an- Gicseler flow index and with the following chemical

are arranged. The cross section of columns 11, 12 and 30 composition (on a dry basis):

13 preferably widens slightly and gradually ^F ? ^s ^ carbon ... 50.5%

top down. Compound pellets or volatile ones

Briquettes 14 are added to the top of the pillars 11 components 43.9%

to 13 fed via funnel 15. Two inlets 16a ^{ash 5} ^ ° / o (mainly

and 16 /) for gases containing oxygen and a 35 qu t \ η so / ^A1 2 ° 3)

Deduction 18 for the products of combustion is provided. a ^cnwefel . ·. ·········· 0,5 / 0,

see The inlets 16 «and 16 * are along the sides J" ^? 'ü T "" TnT "^ S ^ u" J *

a combustion chamber or a combustion ^. ^{% through a} ^ mesh BS sieve

arranged chamber 19, which go through the coking columns 11,

to 13 surrounds such that optimal movement and 40 b) with dry, slaked lime and

Distribution of the hot, oxygen-containing gases c) with finely ground Portland cement.

is guaranteed. The trigger 18 is _{mixed with the upper Dj and has the following} components:

End of the combustion chamber 19 connected. ^{6 6}

Slots or openings 20 are in the walls of the f ^ ^em f ^rze I. ⁰ . J ₁ *

Columns 11 to 13 arranged. These slits or off- 45 £ ^ol jj ^{e 44} Jo

openings 20 have such a size or are such Jj- ^a ~ '0

arranged that the pellets or briquettes do not go cement / ₀

fail. Nozzles 21 for supplying an acidic ^The mixture is pelletized,
Substance-containing gas (e.g. air) are at the bottom of the furnace 10, which was used as an experiment, has a geOfens. The melt collects in a complete inner shaft height of about 2.4 m, a frame 22 and is tapped via an outlet 23. Shaft diameter of about 18 inches and one

The embodiments of Figures 2 and 3 are similar to hearth diameters of about 30.5 cm. The vertical

according to FIG. 1. However, certain deviating coking steel columns 11 to 13 are approximately

gen on. the especially for smelting and smelting 90 cm long. The bed height in the shaft part 10 is

Processes are suitable in which volatile 55 wears about 1.36 m.

Form metal products. Accordingly, precautionary measures must be taken. The blown air is preheated to 380 to 400 ° C for the condensation of these metal vapors and blown in through six nozzles 21. The ones with low. by connecting a steam condenser 24 to the lower pressure via the openings 16 and 17, the main and collecting line of the furnace 10 is blown air is only preheated to 200 ° C,
is. The combustion chambers 19 are shown as separate, ^6o The chemical composition of the periodically removable units, wherein according to FIG. 2 Rohein cut off from the frame of the furnace at 23 in an approximately rectangular vertical cross-section is on average the following:

see is. Additional inlets 17 for the oxygen C 3.25%

containing gases are below the chamber 19 Si 1.8%

arranged. 65 Mn 0.3%

In the embodiment according to FIG. 3 is a P 0.04%

Constriction 25 below the chamber 19 before S 0.05%

see the flow of the volatile metal Fe remainder

The slag compositions are typical for iron-blown furnace slag with a basicity ratio of 1.2 (CaO + MgO) / (SiO _a - (- Al ₂ O ₃ ).

Example 2
Melting of low quality zinc concentrates.

Composite pellets are made from the following ingredients:

a) Tin concentrates (mainly flotation) of very low quality, with 68% passing through a sieve go through with 200 meshes and the following composition (in%) is present.

23.8

Sn
Fe

SiO ₂ .

AUO ₃
CaO.
MnO.
S.

15.8 (mainly

Magnetic iron stones) 17.0

7.1

5.0

1.0

1.7

Loss on ignition at 90O ⁰ C 11.5 (including

H ₂ O and CO ₂ )

Remainder 17.1 (mainly

Oxygen)

b) strongly baked coal (as in example 1) the following composition (in%):

Fixed carbon 50.5

highly volatile constituents 43.9

Ash 5.1

Sulfur 0.5

c) dry slaked lime [96% Ca (OH) ₂ , as binding agent and flux]

d) Portland cement (as binding agent and flux).

The above components a) to d) are carefully mixed in the following proportions:

a) concentrates 57%

b) coal 33%

c) lime 8%

d) cement 2%

The mixture is pelletized.

The furnace used 10 is the same as in Example 1. The Vorwärmblastemperatur at 21 is also the same, namely 380 to 400 ⁰ C. The air blown through the inlets 16 and 17. Air, however, only has a temperature of about 100 ⁰ C. This is erf order -High to keep the temperature at the upper part of the gout of the shaft below 700 ° C, otherwise excessive steam losses would occur. The partially carbonized and the carbonized pellets have at the output of Carbonisierungskolonnen 11 to 13 Preferably, a red heat (550 to 65O ⁰ C).

The smelting and smelting goes to produce a tin-iron alloy of the following average chemical composition further:

Sn 62%

Fe 37.8%

other elements 0.2%

This molten alloy is suitable for continuous refining.

As tests have shown, the calcium-aluminum ■ ium-silicic acid slag a content of 0.5 to 0.8% Sn and from 5 to 8% Fe in the form of FeO.

Metal vapor that is collected in a hot cyclone with a downstream cooler and bag filter has an experimentally determined Sn content (as oxide) of 45 to 55%.

Example 3

Melting and smelting a 50:50 mixture

made of nickel-containing laterite and
garnieritic, weathered serpentine ore

The percentages of the major components (on a dry basis) of the ore mix are as follows:

Ni 1.7

Fe 35.3

Cr 1.7

SiO ₂ 17.0

M |, 0 7.0

Al ₂ O ₃ 5.5

MnO 1.25

The remainder is mainly oxygen and H ₂ O

The ores are cast out at about 200 ⁰ C in a rotary kiln dried to the unbound Wassei. The dried materials are ground in a hammer mill to such an extent that 100% passes through a 60-mesh BS screen and about 68% passes through a 300-mesh BS screen. The fine ore mixtures are then mixed with baked and fatty coal ground in a hammer mill (the same as in Examples 1 and 2) and with dry, slaked lime in the following proportions (in percent):

Ore Mix 52

Coal 40

Lime 5

Limestone 3

This mixture is pelletized.

The preheat blow temperature at 21 is 375 to 400 ° C. That blown through inlets 16 and 17 Air has a temperature of about 250 ° C. The tapped hole 23 at certain intervals Alloy has the following average chemical composition:

6.2%

3.1%

0.3%

2.2%

3.5%

0.3%

0.2%

P 0.11%

Ni.
Cr.
CO
C ..

Si ..
Mn
S ..

Fe

rest

The calcium-magnesium-iron-aluminum-silicic acid salt slag contains 0.06% Ni and 0.15% Cr.

Over 95% of the nickel and around 80% of the iron are obtained in the alloy phase.

Example 4

Melting of roasted zinc ores
Composite pellets are made from the following components:

a) Roasted zinc ores produced by zinc sulfide concentrates in a fluidized bed. The composition the roast ore results on the basis of tests as follows:

109 551/357

Claims (1)

9 10 Zn 59.3% (11, 12, 13) surrounds, openings or slots (20) Fe 9,9 ° / ₀ in the walls of each Verkokungskolonni S (total) 1.0% (11, 12, 13) are assigned tasks to Pb 1.0% lead a pelletized or briquetted Mi SiO ₂ 2.9% ⁵ ore or concentrate or roasting ore mixed CaO 0.9% coal to the tops of the coking other oxides 3.5% column (s) (11, 12, 13), where the pellets odei Remainder 21.5% (mainly briquettes slowly increasing under the influence of gravity Oxygen) only through the coking column (s) (11. 12, 13 b) Coal ground in a hammer mill with the following ¹⁰ and then slide down through the main shaft furnace (10) according to the combination determined by experiments, through nozzles for supplying a “settling (in percent) · oxygen-containing gas into the combustion solid carbon '51.5 ΪΓΤ ^U ? "if ^you _T ^rch . ^{Means to} * ^bzieh ' ⁿ d" highly volatile constituents 42.4 ^{M. eta} " ^s _f ^ode / ^{der Le} 8 ^lerun g ^{from the Η3} 'Ρ'" _Ash ^e 4 (3 «5 shaft furnace (10). Moisture 15 ² ' ^Vorricntun g according to claim 1. ^ sulfur 08 indicates that extractors for the ,, . ",., ■ ',.",. ""',. molten metal or the molten metal (This is a strongly baking ^ _{e from the gesture} " _{(22) of the} shaft oven (10) Coal with a Gieseler plastometer reading of _{20 are} provided 2730 graduation marks (round scale) per minute with ₃ devices according to claim 1. ^ Q- indicates that metal vapor fume hoods from c) Dry slaked lime [plus 95% Ca (OH) ₂ ]. upper end of the main shaft of the shaft d) Portland cement. oven (10) are provided. The aforementioned substances a) to d) are in a 25 4. device according to claim 1 to 3, there- Wing mixer mixed in the following proportions: characterized in that the slots or openings (20) at least along the lower a) Rosterze 55 J _{0 Ha} , _{fte each} coking column (11. 12, 13) ^b > coal 40% extend. j 'πι j 7n (° 3 ° ⁵ · device according to one or more dsr d) Portland cement ·· ■■■ · ■ · ■. 1% · preceding claims 1 to 4. thereby eekenv Pelletization then follows. indicates that the slots or openings (20) a The experimental furnace used has an entire shaft - such a size or designed in such a way that height of about 2.4 m and a diameter of that the pellets or briquettes do not fall through 45.7 cm, whereby the frame diameter can be 30.5 cm. wearing. The carbonization columns 11 to 13 are 6th device according to one or more of the approximately 1.06 m long. The heat-resistant alloy preceding claims 1 to 5 thereby gekenneinschnürung 25 aligns the hot, degassed pellets that the cross-sectional area of each draws down into the shaft 10. The pellets have at the coking column (11, 12, 13) gradually from the exit from the Bottom of the slotted columns 11 40 increasing the upper to the lower end, until 13 a temperature of 650 to 700 ⁰ C and are 7. Device according to one or more of the slightly hotter - 700 to 750 ⁰ C - if it is in the preceding claims 1 to 6, thereby entering the following furnace part. shows that the carbonization columns (11, 12, the zinc vapor that emanates from the top of the furnace, 13) are made of a heat-resistant alloy or are passed into a lead spray condenser. 45 are made of fire-resistant ceramic. The CO - CO ₂ ratios at the top of the 8th device according to one or more deGicht change between 3: 1 and 4: 1. Claims 1 to 7 above result, characterized in particular by the following analysis values: It is shown that a gas outlet connected to the combustion chamber (19) £ q 2 ⁷ 6 ° / 23 2 ° 'ΉI ⁰ ' is provided. 7? O / ° ή '? Ο / ⁰ "-'so' / ⁵ ° 9 · Device according to one or more of the ^{CUä 1} ^ ^lo ■ ° ^ '«preceding claims 1 to 8, characterized thereby The calcium-iron-aluminum-silica slag is characterized by a funnel (15) at the top ken. which are tapped from the rack, contain each carbonation column (11, 12. 13) 5 to 9.6% zinc. is provided. Some lead alloy (gold and silver content) is 55 10. Device according to one or more of the also collected in the frame and identified in certain preceding claims 1 to 9, characterized Intervals with the slag. This lead shows that several coking columns (11. then settles from the slag in a forehearth 12,13) are provided and that the incineration outside the oven. chamber (19) each individual coking column (11. ... ⁵ ° 12. 13) wrapped on all sides. Claims: _{n device according to one or} more of the 1. Shaft furnace for direct melting and the preceding claims 1 to 10, characterized smelting of oxidic ores or Konzeütraten is characterized by the fact that the combustion chamber (19) is detachable or roasting, characterized by being connected to the main shaft furnace (10). one or more hollow coking columns (11. 65 12. device according to one or more of 12. 13), the above claims 3 to 11 above a main shaft furnace (10), characterized are arranged, a combustion chamber (19), indicates that a condenser i? ^; .t the metal which is wholly or partially connected to the coking column (s) steam outlet of the shaft furnace (10). 18 54 13. The device according to claim 12, characterized in that the combustion chamber (19) is provided with a constriction (25) that allows the metal vapor to be drawn off into the condenser promotes and the pellets in the direction of the center of the main shaft of the shaft furnace (10) directs. 14. Device according to one or more of the preceding claims 1 to 13, characterized in that that suction devices are provided which have a slightly negative pressure in the combustion chamber (19) effect. 15. Device according to one or more of the preceding claims 1 to 14, characterized in that that nozzles for supplying an oxygen-ts hooked gas to the bottom of the shaft furnace (10) are provided. j. 6. Process for direct shaft furnace smelting of oxidic ores or concentrates or roasting ores, in particular with a device ao according to claim 1 to 15, characterized in that a pelletized or briquetted mixture of ore or concentrate or roasting ores with coal slowly downwards under the action of gravity first through the one or more coking as Columns with openings or slits on the walls and sodani 'through the one below Main shaft fan is passed that an oxygen containing gas into the combustion chamber is introduced which completely or partially surrounds the coking column or columns, that tars and flammable gases that come through the openings or slits from the down moving filling of the coking column or column-escape, by means of the oxygen-containing Gas are burned that the combustion products are drawn from the combustion chamber and that the metal or alloy produced in the main shaft furnace is stripped will. 17. The method according to claim 16, characterized in that molten metal or a ( molten alloy is pulled from the frame of the shaft furnace. 18. The method according to claim 16, characterized in that metal vapor from the upper end < the main shaft of the shaft furnace is withdrawn. 19. The method according to any one of the preceding claims 16 to 18, characterized in that an oxygen-containing gas fed through the nozzles in the area of the bottom of the shaft furnace will. 20. The method according to any one of the preceding claims 16 to 19, characterized in that £ a slightly negative in the combustion chamber! Pressure is maintained. 21. The method according to one or more of the preceding claims 16 to 20, characterized in that that the pellets or briquettes pass through the coking column or columns are passed through a thermal decomposition zone. 22. The method according to claim 21, characterized in that the temperature of the pellets Odei briquettes which the Verkokungskolonne from the lower ends or the -kolonnen Schachtofengichi be conducted is 450 to 800 ⁰ C. 23 process is that the temperature of the pellets Odei briquettes, which are guided by the lower ends of Verkokungskolonne or -kolonnen to the shaft furnace top 500 is preferably according to claim 22, characterized in that up to 750 ⁰ C. 24. The method according to claim 22, characterized in that the temperature of the pellets or briquettes which are passed from the lower ends of the coking column or columns to the shaft furnace top is 700 to 800 ⁰ C when melting zinc. 1 sheet of drawings