DE1942175A1 - Plant for the production of blocks, in particular anodes, from pourable mass - Google Patents

Description

BE 12 806

Vottjaori_ AG, Gerlafingen / Switzerland

Plant for the production of blocks » especially anodes, made of visible mass

The invention relates to an installation for manufacturing of blocks, in particular anodes, made of pourable mass, in which the pourable mass is compacted and pressed into blocks will.

There are presses for compacting pourable masses known that two rams, at least one of which can be raised and lowered is, and have a raised and lowered mold.

For pressing a block aua of the mold and a punch, a cavity is formed, in which the pourable mass is introduced, after which the taking into account of the second punch

009812/0264

The pourable mass is pressed into a block. One Such a press has a specific hourly output which is essentially dependent on the pressing time. The pressing time cannot be shortened at will, otherwise it will not be flawless Pressing takes place and thereby the reject increases.

To increase the hourly output of such a press it has been proposed to divide the compression into several steps. A multi-station machine is known for this purpose to use with a press, with one mold per station is needed for final compaction.

Compared to the known designs, the present invention is particularly economical and efficient. Plant for the production of blocks, in particular anodes, and is characterized by a pre-compression device for compacting the pourable mass into a precompacted block and a final compacting device connected to the precompacting device, which is aue of a press with a mold and two press studs consists of which At least one ropes is movable, in which the pre-compacted block is finally compacted by a pressing operation.

According to a special form of implementation, the pre-compaction area has been developed a vibrating system on, whereby for acceleration the pre-compaction the vibration of the pourable mass simultaneous maintenance of its continuous pressure is feasible.

Subject a further feature of the invention can instead of the Vibrating system can be arranged in the Vorverdiobtuag a pressing system.

Oils are used to absorb the pourable mass set up a © mold with mincie & töns plastic on, which parts at least one is movable · Zweekaiässlg if the mold has a bottom plate and a bottom plate bar e cover plate.

ÖÖS812 / Ö284

According to a further feature of the invention iet in the Vorverdicbtungseinrichtung while vibrating the ecbüttbaren Mass maintained pressure according to predetermined values programmable.

For transporting the pre-compressed pellet into the pressing device for the final compaction, according to a further feature of the invention, the mold of the pre-compaction device is can be moved sideways.

The top and bottom plates in the pre-compression device are useful can be lowered in synchronism.

According to a further feature of the invention is the deodorant plate connected to a slot and with this together laterally displaceable, with the cover plate when pre-compacting and the chute when pouring in the pourable mass lie above the mold of the pre-compression installation.

To carry out the final compression of the compact, neon Another feature of the invention is the upper ram " lowered and raised the mold to its highest position. According to a further embodiment of the invention, it is used for ead compression of the compact, the lower ram and the mold are raised to their highest position.

According to a further feature of the invention is the upper ram the final compression device laterally displaceable.

For easier lifting of the blocks out of the molds of the and end packers have the same conical interiors on.

In a further embodiment of the invention is a metering and Feeding device for the pourable mass above the lid plate or the insertion chute of the Vorverdiohtungseiishtung arranged.

9812/0264

In the accompanying drawings the invention is exemplified shown. It shows:

Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a first embodiment form of a system,

Pig. 2 shows a schematic representation of a second embodiment a plant,

3 shows a schematic representation of a third embodiment a plant and

Fig. 4 is a side view of the end compacting press in Fig.

In Fig. 1, the system consists essentially of two parts, namely a door compression device, which will be described in detail below, and a press designated as a whole with 1 for the final compression of the compact. This press 1 has a press frame 2, which is only indicated in the figure and in the upper belt of which a push piston drive, designated 3, is installed, which consists of a cylinder 4 and a differential piston 5. For the actuation of the push piston drive 3, two feed lines 6 are provided, which serve to feed and discharge the pressure medium during the actuation of the push piston drive. A press ram 8, which is referred to as a movable press ram, is arranged on the piston 5.

In the lower flange of the press frame 2 there is a fixed, immovable press ram 9 and one that can be raised and lowered Mold 10. The mold 10 is raised and lowered by two thrust piston drives 11, 12, the differential pistons 13 of which » 14 are supported on the mold 10 and its cylinder 15 each have two connections 17, 18 and 19, 20 for the supply and discharge of the pressure medium.

At 20 is the final pressed block, for example an anode, referred to, which via a transport not shown in detail

00 9812/026 4 .

device 21 can be transported away in the direction of arrow 22. In the figure Bind the parts of the press are shown in the position which you at the beginning of a new lündverdichtung a ingest pre-compressed anode.

The vibrating device consists of a fixed molding box 23 forming mold, under which a base plate 24 is arranged is, which via a support plate 25 by means of a thrust piston Drives.s. 26 can be raised and lowered. The base plate 24 is supported by springs 27 and points on its rear side a vibrator 28.

A cover plate 29 is arranged above the mold 23, which can be raised and lowered with a thrust piston drive 30. The cover plate 29 with its push piston drive 30 is in one Carriage 31 mounted, which by means of a thrust piston drive 32 can be moved laterally. The carriage 31 also carries one alongside Throw-in chute 33 arranged on top plate 29.

Lifter the carriage 31, i.e. over the Deokelplatte 29 with her The thrust piston drive 30 and the chute 33 is approximate a metering and charging device, designated as a whole by 34, is arranged vertically above the mold 23, all of which Contains the necessary equipment to be able to load the molding box at the necessary speed.

The system works as follows

A pre-compressed block 35 is shown on the lowered base plate, which is displaced laterally by the lifting piston drive 36 onto the fixed ram 9 of the press 1 via a conveying device 37, which is not explained in detail. The mold 10 is then raised to its upper end position and, at the same time, the movable ram 8 is lowered onto the block, whereupon the final compaction begins. Since the reduction in volume between the pre-diluted block 35 and the final-diluted block 20 is relatively small, the speed needs the

009012/0264

Mold 10 and the movable ram 8 are neither controlled can still be brought into mutual dependence. To The movable ram is the end of the pressing operation 8 'raised and the mold 10 into the one shown in the figure Lowered position, whereupon the finally compacted block 20 laterally transported away by the conveyor 21 in the direction of arrow 22 will.

After removing the? precompacted block 35 from the floor slab 24 becomes di · ■ ibe by the thrust piston drive 26 so Raised far that "they have a cavity with the mold 23 forms, at the same time the carriage 31 is driven by the push piston drive 32 moved to the right in the figure, so that the throw-in chute comes to rest over the mold 23. Then will that formed by the base plate 24 and the mold 23 Cavity from the dosing and charging device 34 with the pourable mass filled. Then the carriage 31 is moved to the left and the cover plate 29 on the pourable mass lowered. At the same time, the vibrator 28 is in operation set, whereby the pourable mass is vorverdlebtet. The fact that the cover plate 29 with its weight or possibly by the pressure acting on the push piston drive 30 with a continuous pressing force on the pourable mass acts, the pre-compression is significantly accelerated, since the The push piston drives can do this by pushing only a few kilograms per unit area of the block 26 and 30 can be made small in relation to the connection. One The compression is improved by the fact that the pressure force is effective according to a certain program, i.e. that the Pressure force is programmed. By vibrating the pourable Hesse with simultaneous flow of a continuous, If necessary, programmed pressure force, it is possible Bare mass with a higher temperature than in a pressing operation fill in, whereby; it is more fluid and therefore very much even material distribution results ^ with the in The gases present in the cavities of the pourable mass are largely expelled. By the proper expulsion of the Gases, an essential requirement for the production of defect-free blocks or anodes is met.

009812 / Ό264

After the pre-compaction is complete, the base plate 24 is lowered, whereby the pre-compressed block 35 arrives in the position shown in the figure. If necessary, the cover plate 29 used to subatutsen the ejection of the pre-compressed block 55, see below. Fun starts the cycle all over again, in that the block 35 is fed to the press and, at the same time, the vibrating device is used to precompact a next block performs while the pre-compacted block is in the press is finally compressed.

In Pig. 2, a similar installation is shown in FIG. 1. The press 1 shown in the right rope of the figure corresponds in all ropes to the press 1 in FIG. 1. Therefore, the reference numbers in both figures match. A further correspondence exists with regard to the dosing and loading device 34, the carriage 31 with the push piston drives 30, 32 and the insertion shaft 33 and the push piston drive 36, which is why the numbers in FIGS. 1 and 2 match. The cover plate 29 is formed frontally concave and optionally also includes projections for pressing of holes in the blocks, for example for receiving a current used in anodes _r rail.

In contrast to the embodiment according to FIG. 1, the embodiment according to FIG. 2 has a movable one for the compression device Mold 40, which can be raised and lowered by means of two thrust piston drives 41. The base plate 43 is one extension which is slightly smaller than the clear width of the mold 40 is connected to a push piston drive 44

The push piston drives 41, 42, 44 are double-acting Aggregates, the two cylinder chambers of which are indicated over,; however unspecified lines are acted upon.

The system functions in the same way as was described for the embodiment according to FIG. 1. The pre-compression device and the press 1 work, for example, with the same length of act, so that with each pre-compressed compact 35 a final compressed compact is produced. Given-

009812/0264

if necessary, two pre-compression devices can also be used while the press 1 operates at twice the cycle speed.

In the system according to FIG. 2, by raising the mold 40 a cavity is formed, the bottom of which is formed by the bottom plate 43. Is arranged by the over the mold 40 Insertion shaft 33 the pourable mass has been entered, the carriage 33 moves into a position in which the cover plate 29 can be moved into the mold 40. Now the Pressing process in which the thrust piston drives 30, 44 are pressurized, one or both of which are raised or be lowered. In contrast to FIG. 1, no vibrating system is provided here, but rather the pre-compression takes place through a pure pressing process. To the gas leakage from the ■ To facilitate pourable mass, is made during pre-compaction relieved several times, the cover plate 29 being lifted briefly by a few millimeters from the precompacted pellet will. The ratio of the pressing force in the pre-compression device and in the press is about 1:10 to 1:15 in practical versions, which is the use of proportionately light thrust piston drives allowed in the pre-compression device.

3 and 4 is one of the embodiments according to FIGS. 1 and Fig. 2 shows a slightly different system. Unless the reference numerals are explained, they relate to parts that are in the other figures have already been described, e.g. the dosing and feeder 34 and the. Car 31 with the push piston drives 30, 32 and the chute 33. The difference of the system according to FIGS. 3 and 4 is that the Transport of the pre-compressed mass 51 to the press 52 in one Mold 53 takes place. The use of such a system comes then in question if the pre-compressed pellet does not yet have one Therefore, it has sufficient dimensional stability when it is removed Körinte partially or completely crumble from the mold 51 of the pre-compression device. The dimensional stability of the pre-compressed Mass 51 depends on their composition, that of

Q09812 / U26A

depends on the local operating conditions.

The pre-compression of the pourable mass 51 takes place after filling in the mold 53 by means of the Sohubkolben drive 48 connected base plate 59 and the cover plate 50. The cover plate 50 has a projection 54 on the end face, with which a recess is pressed into the pellet. For example, such a recess for receiving a Serve busbars, as this is especially required for anode pellets. Of course, the cover plates can also the systems according to FIGS. 1 and 2 have such molded parts which meet the special requirements of the compact. After this The compact 51 is pressed slightly downwards to precompact, so that it is guided loosely in the mold 53, which is from the conical design of the inner walls of the mold 53-like also results from the molds in other plants. The push piston drive 55 now comes into operation on its piston rod

56 the mold 53 is attached, and pushes the in the mold 53 located compact on the transport system 37 on the lower ram 57 of the press 52. The mold 53 a plunger 58 which pushes the compact 59, which is simultaneously finally pressed during the pre-compression of the compact 51, onto the Transport device 21 pushes. So that this change is possible, the upper ram 60 must be moved away to the side can. A thrust piston drive 61 is used for this purpose, with which the press ram 60 running in guides 62 of the upper yoke 63 is displaced will. Is the mold 53 with the lower ram

57 aligned, the lower ram 57 is lowered until the pre-compressed compact 51 disappears in the mold 64. The mold 53 can now be operated with the aid of the thrust piston drive a be withdrawn again and stands for a new precompaction operation aur available.

The final compression of the compact takes place in the press 52, by the mold 64 by means of the thrust piston drives 65, 66 and the ram 57 with the compact by means of the sonub piston drives 67, 68 is raised. The press piston 70 sliding in the press cylinder 69 is then used for the final compression applied.

009812/0264

After completion of the pressing, the mold 64 and the lower Press ram 57 lowered until it reaches the Pig. 3 position shown. Now it is pre-compressed in the same period The pressed part 57 is pushed into the press 52 by means of the thrust piston drive, with the upper press ram initially 60 is shifted sideways. Simultaneously with the introduction of a new pre-compressed pellet into the press 52 the final compacted compact 59 is removed from the press 52.

Control of the press 52 is performed in a manner similar to that in FIG of the systems according to FIGS. 1 and 2, already mentioned, simplified, since the pressing stroke for the final compression is also comparatively high is small.

Opposite to those in the Pig. 1 to 3 described pre- and end-sealing devices, simplifications are conceivable, which can be provided as required. So the mold and press ram or press plates can be fixed with the exception of a single part. In this pail, only an ejector is provided for ejecting the compact from the mold.

Also-additional facilities can be provided to to increase the performance of the system or the quality of the pellets. For example, the pre-compression can be improved if the press plates several times during Verälohtens be moved a short stroke away from the compact in order to allow the gas in the pourable mass to escape.

While at the Endverdicbtungseinrichtüngen because of the low press stroke usually no control of the relative speed provides between the mold and the ram, so this can be done in the case of the Vordiobtungseinricntungen, e.g. at the execution according to Pig. 2, advantageous eel », namely wirä you can control the parts appropriately so that the press plates in relation to the ingot mold with the same Cteeobwlniäiglreit in penetrate the mold.

0Ö9812 / 02 & 4

Welobe type of pre-compaction device you can use with the press combined for final compaction, be it a pure ■ vibrating or Press operation or a combined vibration and Press operation, with or without transport of the pre-compressed compact in the Colrille, depends on the respective operating conditions away. It is essential that by the erfindungsgeinäsae Plant the production of blocks per unit of time can be increased significantly. Above all, this succeeds through the pre-compression operation to be carried out in the pre-compression device, which is carried out very quickly, for example in fractions one minute, is finished and still allows extensive pre-compression. Thereby are to be expended Pressure forces, as already mentioned, are low, and the device can therefore be built easily and accordingly cost-effectively will. Since the change in volume during the final compression is verbal is small, a very simple press can be used for this operation, which does not require any complex control. The large pre-compaction in the pre-compaction device thus also affects the press for final compaction cost-saving, although the pressure force here is several 100 kilos per unit area of the blook is.

00 98 12/0 26 4

Claims (16)

P. a t e η t a n spriicb β Plant aar production of νου blocks, in particular anodes, from pourable mass, in which the cut mass is compacted and pressed into blocks »characterized by a sealing device for twisting the soft mass to a pre-sealed block and an end device with the pre-compaction. which is ordered from a press with a mold and two press stacks, at least one of the soft files is movable, in which the gate-locked block is compressed during a presa operation. 2. Plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the VorverdichtungBeinriclitung has a Tihrieranlage. 3. Plant liach claim 2, characterized in that in The Tforvrerdichtiingseinriehtiing the vibrating of the pourable Mass with simultaneous Aufreehterhartung one continuous pressure is feasible. 4. Plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the Yorvcrdichtüngseinrichtung has a pressing system. 5 »Plant according to claim 1, characterized in that in the door sealing device a mold for receiving the slidable mass and at least one plate is arranged, at least one of the soft parts is movable is. 6. Plant according to Claim 5, characterized in that the The mold has a raised and lowered base plate. 7. Plant make claim 1 and 2, characterized in that in the goal distribution device the vibration of the sohtittbaren Mass while maintaining a 009812 / 026Ä Pressure can be carried out, the pressure exerted on the pourable mass being programmable according to predetermined values is. 8. Plant according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized ~ draws that the mold of the pre-compression device is laterally displaceable for the purpose of transporting the pre-compressed pellets in the pressing device for the Band compaction, 9. Plant according to claim 5, characterized in that in the pre-compression device, the cover plate and the Bottom plate can be lowered in synchronism. 10. Plant according to claim 5, characterized in that the Cover plate connected to a slot and with this is laterally displaceable together, the cover plate when pre-compacting and the chute when filling the pourable mass over the mold of the pre-compression device lies, 11. Plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the Final compression device has a lower ram, onto which the pre-digested block from the pre-compression device got through lateral transport. 12. Plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper ram can be lowered for the final compression of the compact and the mold can be raised to its highest position. . 13. Plant according to claim 1, characterized in that for the final compression of the compact, the lower ram and the mold up to. their highest position can be raised. ^; 14. Plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the Upper press ram of the compression device on the side ▼ is achievable, '- 009812/0264; ■ : - ■ '■■ ^: - ■■■■■ ο 15. Plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the Molds of the Yor- and Endverdicbtungaeinriobtung conical Have interiors. 16. Plant according to claim 10, characterized in that daas above the cover plate or the slot in the YorverdichtUHgseinricbtung a metering and charging device for the pourable mass is arranged. August 11, 1969
My / ae Ö09812 / 0264