DE1940395A1 - Forging press - Google Patents

Description

DlPL-PHYS. F. ENDLICH bo3a unterpfaffenhofen August 7, 1969

PATENT ADVERTISEMENT Blumenstrasse _{b £ / Αχ}

TELEPHONE: (MUNICH) 84 se 88 TELEGRAM ADDRESS:

I 940395 PATENDUCH MÖNCHEN

CABLEADDRESS: PATENDLY MUNICH

My file: N-2439 Applicant: The National Machinery Company, Tiffin, Ohio, USA

Forging press

The invention relates to the transport and ejection mechanism of a forging press .

In known automatic forging presses, for example, a Cross transport of the workpieces to a number of die stations in which they are are progressively deformed. Such presses usually have an automatic one An ejection mechanism through which a workpiece is ejected from a die, and a transport mechanism through which an ejected workpiece is transported to a subsequent die station (cf. USA patents 2 542 864, 2 599 053, 2 687 660 and 2 721 343).

The transport mechanism of such a press must be in its feed position stay until the carriage pulls the tool out of the transport grippers, and must also remain in the receiving position while the workpiece is ejected from the die will. Furthermore, in such presses, the ejection speed of the workpieces from the die are below a size that still allows reliable gripping of the Workpiece allows.

Since such transport mechanisms are used during a considerable part of the The machine's duty cycle is the active time of the transport mechanism considerably less than the time corresponding to the work cycle of the press. this leads to in many cases to a limitation of the performance of the press, because at higher speeds there is insufficient time for a suitable ejection and transport of the workpieces.

Furthermore, the known transport mechanisms normally do not allow any Inward and outward movement of the workpiece when this from a die station to

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next is transported. It was therefore necessary in many cases to use the ejector pin adjust exactly so that this is exactly with the face of the die at the end of the ejection process is aligned and / or the following dies relative to the end face to push back the previous die. Such arrangements were necessary so that the workpiece is completely removed from the after ejection is complete Die has come out and not during transport with the next die or caught in the ejector pin of the next die.

It is the object of the invention to provide a transport mechanism for a forging press specify that can work at higher press speeds to produce a enable higher press performance. Dies.solI mainly by reducing the Dwell time can be achieved during the release. So far it was necessary to use the transport mechanism to be trained so that it dwells on the release while the tool advances the workpiece from the transport gripper into the dies, and until the tool is off the grippers is withdrawn so far that they can attack the workpiece again. This dwell time reduces the »part of the cycle during which the transport operations must be carried out. In many cases, this also limits performance.

According to the invention, the transport mechanism begins its return movement in the gripping position before the tool is pulled out of the die, so that the Transport mechanism can operate during a major part of the cycle of the press. According to another feature of the invention, faster operation is made possible, by designing the ejector mechanism to operate during a first portion of the Ejection works quickly, then slower and then to enable gripping works faster again to stop ejecting. This increase is the for Access available time without spending too long to eject the workpiece is needed. According to a further feature of the invention, an inward movement and outward movement provided for the transport mechanism. This results in a reliable guidance of the workpiece, even if the transport mechanism is very works fast. In addition, there is no precise adjustment of the ejector relative to the face the die required. Likewise, the following dies do not have to be set back from the face of the previous die.

The invention provides a transport and ejection mechanism for a forging press provided, the transport takes place along a closed path, the one

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ORiGSNAL IMSPECTED

first part with an arcuate movement in a direction perpendicular to the end face of the die, a second part of the transport movement along a straight line Line in a layer adjacent to the next die, as well as a third part of one Has arcuate movement leading inward to the face of the die and practical takes place perpendicular to it. Because of the inward movement and the outward movement, there is none Accurate · Adjustment of the ejection and no backward displacement of the following Matrices Required compared to the previous matrices. The final one Movement to the starting position takes place along a curved path, whereby the transport grippers are lifted from the tool and the jerking movement is initiated, before seeing the tool withdraw from the die. This reduces the dwell time that is required in the feed layer. The ejection mechanism causes a rapid ejection into the gripping position, slower ejection during gripping and a quick ejection afterwards. This is especially true when transporting workpieces short shank is important so that there is enough time to work on a workpiece without elevation to take the ejection time.

The features of the invention will be explained in more detail below. Of the Transport mechanism is arranged so that the dwell times in the feed layers are significantly shortened. Therefore, active time of transportation is time for one full cycle of the press largely approximated. With this arrangement, the Machine can be operated at higher speeds without losing the active time of the transport is significantly reduced, and without the speed of the transport being limited. According to a further feature, the ejector mechanism is arranged so that it can work very quickly, even with workpieces with short shafts be transported. The transport takes place with an inward movement and an ejection movement, so that the workpiece from the die from which it is ejected, is completely fed out and moved back to the following die after it is aligned with this. As a result, no precise adjustment of the ejector is required, and the following dies do not have to be offset from the plane of the end face of the previous die.

Dos embodiment of the invention shows a forging press in which the grippers of the Transportmeehonisraäus after gripping a workpiece move arcuately away from the die, then move in a straight line into a position that with

-A-

is aligned with the following die, and then along an arcuate path move inward to appropriate the workpiece before the next die Able to bring. At this point in time, the one assigned to the next matrix ration moves Tool the workpiece from the grippers into the die. Once the workpiece is released and before the tool withdraws from the following die, the transport mechanism starts the jerk movement to the first die. This backward movement occurs along an arcuate path with the grippers open and raised to release the tool and with the duty cycle of the Transport mechanism is almost the same as the work cycle of the press.

The ejector works very quickly to eject the workpiece into a position to which the transport grippers for gripping the workpiece can be guided. After the initial part of the rapid ejection, the ejection speed becomes lowered so that the grippers can grip the workpiece. After grasping the ejection speed is increased again to keep the time to a minimum hold required for the remainder of the ejection process. With this arrangement, in which the ejection is first performed quickly, then for gripping Taking place more slowly, and eventually exiting quickly, can be a very quick way of working can be obtained even when workpieces with short shafts are transported This ejection mechanism works in conjunction with the transport mechanism to remove the to further increase effective working speed, so that without impairing the Operating mode higher speeds of the press are possible.

The invention is based on the exemplary embodiment shown in the drawing are explained in more detail. It show: ■

Fig. 1 is a side view of a forging press, with a transport and Ejection mechanism according to the invention;

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the transport mechanism;

Fig. 3 is an enlarged plan view of the transport mechanism, the Grippers are removed;

Fig. 4 is a partial section along the line 4-4 in Fig. 3; Fig. 5 is a partial section along the line 5-5 in Fig. 3;

6 is a perspective view of the drive mechanism of the transport mechanism; and

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-5-Fig. Figure 7 is an enlarged partial view of the drive mechanism of the ejector mechanism.

The press shown in Fig. 1 is particularly suitable for the production of bolts, Screws or similar objects from the wire are suitable. The press has one Machine body 10 on which a crankshaft T1 is mounted. A press slide (not shown) is to and away from the anvil (not shown) by a push rod displaceable, which connects the press slide with the 11 crank shaft. The crankshaft 11 is driven by a motor 12, which is connected to a flywheel via belt 13 14, which is arranged at the end of the crankshaft 11. The transport mechanism 16 is driven by a drive shaft T7, which is connected to another via bevel gears 18 Drive shaft 19 is connected. The. Drive shaft 19 is via a not shown Gear train from the crankshaft 11 at the same speed as the crankshaft driven. The upper end of the drive shaft 17 is connected to the camshaft 21 of the transport mechanism 16 and provides the driving force for the transport mechanism.

The eject mechanism 22 has a swinging camshaft 23 which is driven by a push rod 24 attached to an eccentric 26 on the crankshaft 11 attacks. The press is provided with a feed mechanism 27 for wire and a coupling device 28 provided.

As can be seen from FIGS. 2-6, the transport mechanism has a frame »31, which is attached to the machine body 10. The camshaft 21 is on the Frame 31 mounted so that its axis of rotation relative to the frame 10 and the Machine body 31 is fixed.

A first housing 32 is attached to the frame 31 with a pivot connection 33 mounted so that it is about a pivot axis 34 from a lower position in FIGS 5 can be pivoted into an upper position. The housing 32 is pivoted up to lift the grippers to release the tool. This is to be continued in the following are explained in more detail.

A second housing 36 is on the first housing 32 with a pivot pin 37. articulated. The second housing 36 is different from that shown in FIGS Position can be pivoted counterclockwise for an arcuate movement the gripper takes place, which is essentially perpendicular to the face of the

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Matrices stands. This movement, which will be explained in more detail below, takes place to move a workpiece away from the end face of a die at the start of a transport process, and enables the workpiece to be returned to the end face of a subsequent die at the end of the transport process.

On the second housing 36 is a back and forth in the longitudinal direction Transport bar arranged. The longitudinal displacement of the transport rod 38 results in the basic movement of the gripper 39 (FIG. 6) from the gripping position into the feed position. The grippers are not shown in FIGS. 2-5 for the sake of simplicity. at a cross transfer press with a number of die stations is sufficient ™ Number of pairs of grippers on the transport bar. 38 required to complete the workpieces

to lead to each die station.

There are four separate drives for operating the transport mechanism The first drive causes a pivoting movement of the first housing about the pivot axis 34. The second drive causes a swivel movement of the second housing 36 relative to the first housing 32 about the pivot axis 37 " The third drive opens and closes the gripper 39, while the fourth drive the Longitudinal movement of the transport rod 38 causes. All drives except the fourth The drive for the transport rod are driven via the camshaft 21.

To pivot the first housing 32 about the pivot axis 34 is a Cam 41 is provided on camshaft 21. A cam roller 42 is attached to a swing arm 43 mounted and engages the cam 41. The pivot arm 43 is on one Pivot shaft 44 mounted on frame 31 and pivotable about a pivot axis 46. A lever 47 is articulated at the point 48 on the pivot arm 43 and can by the Bolt 49 can be adjusted relative to the pivot arm 43. The bolt 49 is dimensioned so that it breaks off when an overload occurs. During normal operation the lever 47 is fixed relative to the pivot arm 43, so that the pivot arm 43 and ' the lever 47 can be regarded as the only element in terms of work. At the end of Lever 47 is a bearing support 51 is arranged which engages two rollers 52, the are mounted on the first housing 32.

The cam 41 and the associated linkage are designed so that accordingly Fig. 5, with the elements in the lower position, the cam roller 42 touches a lower part of the cam 41 and the first housing 32 comes inside

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Normal position. When a lifting part of the cam 41 passes the cam roller 42, the swing arm 43 is pivoted in the counterclockwise direction, and caused by the engagement of the bearing support 51 on the rollers 52 a pivoting of the first housing 32 about the pivot axis 34 in the counterclockwise direction. This will raise the front end of the transport mechanism. After the Lifting part of the cam 41 has passed the cam roller 42, the first housing 32 falls back into the position shown.

A hold-down mechanism is provided to resiliently hold the housing 32 in place the position shown to print. This hold-down mechanism that works best As can be seen from FIG. 4, it has a support member 50 which is articulated to the frame 31 with the pivot pin 33, which also connects the housing 32 to the frame 31.

During normal operation, the support member 50 is locked in the position shown in FIG. The locking is effected by two clamps 55 which press a cross pin 53, which is carried by the support member 50, onto the stop surfaces 54 on the frame. A threaded bolt and a nut 56, which are assigned to each clamp 52, are used to releasably hold the assigned clamp in the locked position. The first housing 32 has a recess 57 so that the frame

31 with the stop 54 can protrude through the housing 32.

At the end of the support member 50 is a spring unit 58 with a compression spring 59 arranged, which presses a piston 61 downward against a roller 62, which is on the first housing 32 is rotatably mounted. The spring 59 serves to hold the first housing

32 to print clockwise in the normal position shown and enables a Counterclockwise movement under the influence of the cam 41 and of the drive linkage. However, this mechanism can easily be released to to enable the entire transport mechanism to be swiveled up so that adjustments and word work can be carried out. When such work is required, nuts 56 are loosened to release brackets 52. the Brackets 52 can then be pushed forward to release the cross pin 53. As a result, the support member 51 can be pivoted in the counterclockwise direction, to release the first housing for a corresponding pivoting movement, whereby the entire TransportswöeKanisiriys will go up. Remains during this movement the pivot arm 43 articulated on the frame 31 in the position shown.

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The pivoting movement of the second housing 36 about the pivot axis 37 takes place by a second drive mechanism best seen in Figures 4-6 is. This mechanism contains a cam 66 which is arranged on the camshaft and on which a cam roller 37 engages, which on a pivot arm 68 is stored. The pivot arm 68 is clamped to one end of a pivot shaft 69, which is pivotably mounted on the frame 31. The pivot shaft 69 is with a Projection 71 is provided which can come into engagement with the rear end of the pin 72, which is slidably mounted on the first housing 32. The front end of the pen 72 engages the rear of the second housing 36 and causes rotation of the second housing J32 counterclockwise as it passes through the protrusion

™ 71 is preprinted. The cam 66 and the linkage driven thereby are like that

designed that a rotation of a lifting part of the cam 66 via the cam roller 67 a Rotation of the pivot arm 68 caused in the counterclockwise direction. This will the pin 72 is pressed forward to pivot the second housing 36 in the counterclockwise to cause. A compression spring 73 is between the first housing 32 and the second housing 36 arranged to this elastically in the Normal position to print. A weak spring 74 pushes the pivot arm 68 towards the cam.

Since the pivot shaft 69 is supported on the frame 31, causes the movement of the transport mechanism in the accessible position no corresponding movement of the Swivel arm 68, which remains in its normal position. The cam control is like that

W selected that the cam 66 moves the lever 68 only when the first housing is

is in the lower tier. Therefore causes the lifting of the pin 72 away from that Projection 71 no difficulties.

To control the opening and closing of each pair of grippers 39 is a special one Drive provided. In the transport mechanism shown in Fig. 3, there are three separate ones Actuating linkage provided for grippers. However, there is only one such in FIG Linkage shown because the other linkages are designed accordingly.

A double cam 76 is arranged on the camshaft 21, both of which Cams can be adjusted separately relative to the camshaft 21. With this arrangement one of the cams controls the opening of the grippers and the other controls the closing of the grippers

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With this arrangement, the cams can be adjusted separately to opening and closing of the gripper can be set separately.

A pivot arm 77 is articulated to the first housing 32 and carries a cam roller 78 which engages the double cam 76. The front end of the pivot arm 77 is provided with a working surface 79 which runs parallel to the pivot shaft 81 of the pivot arm on the housing 32. The work surface 79 also runs parallel to the ßewegungslinie of the transport rod 38,

Each pair of grippers 39 has a first gripper unit 82 and a second gripper unit 83. Two gripper units work together so that a pair of grippers can grip a workpiece 84 and transport it from a first die 86 to a second die 87. The two gripper units 82 and 83 are articulated separately to the transport rod 38. The gripper unit 82 is carried by a pivot pin 88. At the rear end of the pivot pin 88, an arm 89 is provided with a roller 91 which engages the work surface 79.

Since the work surface 79 runs parallel to the line of movement of the transport rod, the back and forth movement of the transport rod does not affect the position of the grippers, which is determined by the work surface 79. When the lower portions of the double cam 76 are below the cam roller 78, the spring 92 causes the grippers to grip a workpiece 84. When a lift portion of the double cam 76 passes the cam roller 78, the pivot arm 77 rotates clockwise and causes the gripper unit 82 to rotate in the counterclockwise direction, as shown in FIG. Because of the connection at point 93, this results in a clockwise rotation of the gripper unit and leads to the opening of the grippers.

The transport mechanism described is provided with three pairs of grippers 39, although only one pair of grippers is shown. As can be seen from Fig. 3, is a corresponding double cam 76a is provided around a corresponding pivot arm 77a to operate while a double cam 76b is provided to a pivot arm 77b to be operated.

The mechanism for moving the transport rod 38 has a crank that is mounted on the machine body 10 and via a pull rod 97 with the transport rod 38 is connected. The individual elements are arranged so that the gripper are in the gripping position when the arm 96 is in the position shown in FIG

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Position is, and after the arm is pivoted 180 °, the grippers are in the feed position. >

The operation of the mechanism will be explained in connection with FIG will. The pair of grippers 39 is shown in the gripping position in solid lines. In In this position, the grippers are arranged directly in front of a die 86. Through the ejector the workpiece 84 is ejected from the die in a manner still to be explained until it is completely supported by the pair of grippers 39. During the first part of the movement from position 99 shown in solid lines causes actuation of the cam 66 a rotation of the second housing 36 about the pivot pin 37 (FIG. 4) in the opposite direction Clockwise to allow the gripper to move the workpiece along an arc- ™ move the shape of a path that is substantially perpendicular to the face of the die 86

leads into the first intermediate layer 101. The pivot pin 37 is adjacent to the end face 105 of the dies arranged so that this movement is substantially perpendicular to it the plane of the end face 105 runs.

The crank 96 then moves the transport rod 38 to the right in order to guide the gripper with the workpiece in a straight line into a position 102 which is aligned with the die 87. The cam 66 then enables a jerk movement of the second housing 36 in the starting position. As a result, the grippers are guided to the die 87 along an arcuate path which is essentially perpendicular to the end face of the die 87. This movement moves the workpiece into position 103. A tool 104 carried by the press slide then presses the workpiece from the pair of grippers 39 into the die 87. The double cam 76 is designed so that the grippers open when the tool 104 presses the workpiece into the die 87.

As soon as the workpiece is released from the grippers, the jerk movement start in the starting position 99. This is the case with a forging press according to the invention possible because the cam 41 lifts the first housing 32 so that the grippers release the tool 104 to allow such a jerking movement before ' the tool has finished the machining process and is out of the plane of the transport movement is pulled out. The opening of the grippers combined with their lifting is provided, to enable this release. The pivot axis 34 lies at a considerable distance behind the plane of the end face 105, so that the pivoting movement lifts the gripper and the return movement to the starting position 99 takes place along a curved path,

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as shown in Fig. 6. As soon as the grippers return to the starting position 99 and the workpiece is ejected far enough to the head of the workpiece in To release the case of a raw bolt, the grippers can be activated by the action of the Close the double cam 76 and grasp the workpiece to close the transport process repeat. With such an arrangement, the dwell time in the feed position is considerably reduced, so that the forging press can be driven at higher speeds without difficulties during transport.

As can be seen from Fig. 7, the ejecting mechanism has the oscillating Camshaft 23 on which a removable cam element 111 is arranged, the associated with each ejection mechanism. The cam element M1 is through a Screw bolt 113 held with a holding member 112.

A swing arm 114 is attached to the machine body 10 about a swing shaft 116 pivotably articulated. The unit 117 includes an adjustable block 118, an which a cam roller 119 is mounted. An adjusting screw 121 is used for adjustment of the block relative to the pivot arm 114. This adjustment determines the stroke length of the ejection process · Screws 122 are used to hold the block in its adjusted position.

A compression spring 123 is between the machine body 10 and the swing arm 114 is provided to rotate the pivot arm 114 counterclockwise every night press so that the cam roller 119 remains in contact with the cam member Ul.

The upper end of the pivot arm 114 is provided with a threaded pin 128, which engages the rear end of the ejector device 129. The figure shows the Ejection position in which the workpiece 84 in FIG. 6 is ejected from the die 86.

According to the invention, the cam element 111 is formed so that the first Part of the ejection takes place quickly, so that the workpiece is advanced into the gripping position in the shortest possible time. It rotates during this part of the ejection process the cam member, so that the point of application of the cam roller 119 is from the point 131 moved to location 132. If the workpiece is a stud blank, this will be so led far that the head of the Bolzano passes through the gripper, so that the gripper can take hold of the shaft. During the gripping process, the ejection continues at a slower speed while the cam roller moves along the curved surface of the cam element from point 132 to point 133. If that

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Cam member moves to a position in which the cam roller 119 on the Point 133 engages, the workpiece is gripped and the ejection speed is then increased again as the cam roller rolls to location 134. This is the in Fig. 7 shown position in which the ejection process is ended.

Because the ejection process takes place in such a way that the workpiece is advanced into the gripping position at high speed, this process is minimal Time required. After gripping, the ejection speed is increased again in a corresponding manner by that required to end the ejection process Keep time to a minimum. This enables a quick way of working, ^ with which reliable gripping of even short workpieces is guaranteed.

Since the transport mechanism according to the invention during a period of time is movable, which is almost the same as the cycle of the forging press, the forging press can be driven at higher speeds without difficulties surrendered during transport.

Furthermore, the inward movement and the outward movement of the Workpiece avoided that a precise adjustment of the ejector must be done, and that the end faces of the following dies compared to the levels of the previous one Matrices must be set back.

Claims

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Claims (14)

- August 13 - 7, 1969 Ε / ΑΧ My files: N-2439 patent claims 1. / Forging press with a press slide carrying a tool, which is to and away is movable by the dies arranged on the machine body, with a transverse transport device provided with grippers, with a first drive for moving the gripper between a gripping position in which the workpiece is gripped and a feed position in which the workpiece is adjacent to the die is arranged, and wherein the tool advances the workpiece from the grippers into the die, characterized in that the first drive the Gripper feeds from the feed position into the gripping position in a plane of movement, while the tool protrudes through this plane and the grippers are open and moved laterally over the tool during the start of the return movement. 2. forging press according to claim 1, characterized in that a second Drive is provided to move the gripper laterally away from the tool during the Beginning of the return movement to move. 3. forging press according to claim 2, dad ure h characterized in that a third Drive is provided to open and close the gripper. 4. forging press according to claim 3, characterized in that a fourth Drive is provided to move the gripper out of the plane of the end face of the die along to guide a path that is substantially perpendicular to it when the grippers begin to move out of the gripping position, and that the fourth drive the gripper moves back to the die perpendicular to the plane of the die when the grippers approach the feed position. 5. forging press according to claim 4, characterized in that all drives can be operated with time dependence, and that the second, third and fourth Can be actuated by a single camshaft drive. 6 · forging press according to claim 4, characterized in that a first The housing is mounted on the machine body so that it can pivot about a first axis, that a second housing mounted on the first housing so as to be pivotable about a second axis is, which runs parallel to the first axis, that a transport rod on ^v 00 9 8267U32 the second housing is arranged to be slidable back and forth, on which the gripper are arranged and which is displaceable by the first drive that the first Housing is pivotable by the second drive, and that the second housing is pivotable about the second axis by the fourth drive. 7. forging press according to claim 6, characterized in that the drives have a camshaft which is mounted on the machine body, and that the second, third and fourth drives are separate linkages operated by cams on the camshaft. 8. forging press according to claim 7, characterized in that the first The housing can be pivoted about the first axis into an operating position in which the grippers are accessible. 9. forging press according to claim 8, characterized in that a spring device on the machine body prints the first housing in a first position, and that the associated linkage pivots the first housing against the action of the spring device. . 10. forging press according to claim 9, characterized in that the spring device is arranged on the machine body so as to be pivotable about the first axis is, and that a releasable lock the spring means normally in a The operating position holds, while the release of the lock enables a movement of the first housing into the operating position. 11. Forging press according to claim 10, characterized in that the first Axis is set back from the plane of the end face of the die, and that the second axis is arranged substantially in the plane of the end face of the die. 12. forging press according to claim 1, with an ejection mechanism for ejecting Workpieces from a die into the gripper, characterized in that the ejection mechanism ejects workpieces into the gripping position at a first speed and then at a lower speed, and that the gripper grab the workpiece when it is ejected at the slower speed. 009826/1432 SAD on _GINAl _ 13. forging press still claim 12, characterized in that the The ejector mechanism eventually ejects the workpieces at a third speed that is greater than the second speed. 14. forging press according to claim 1, characterized in that the grippers move along a closed path of movement having a first part with a lateral movement along an arcuate path from the gripping position away from the die, a second part along a rectilinear path in a Position adjacent to the feed position, a third part with a lateral movement along an arcuate path parallel to and in the opposite direction to the first part in the feed position, and a fourth part back in a gripping position along an arcuate path in a plane parallel to the plane of the second part of the web. 00 9826 / U32 * 6