DE1933652B2 - Mit einem Strahl von Atomen, insbesondere Alkaliatomen, arbeitende Atomuhr oder Atomfrequenznormal - Google Patents
Mit einem Strahl von Atomen, insbesondere Alkaliatomen, arbeitende Atomuhr oder AtomfrequenznormalInfo
- Publication number
- DE1933652B2 DE1933652B2 DE19691933652 DE1933652A DE1933652B2 DE 1933652 B2 DE1933652 B2 DE 1933652B2 DE 19691933652 DE19691933652 DE 19691933652 DE 1933652 A DE1933652 A DE 1933652A DE 1933652 B2 DE1933652 B2 DE 1933652B2
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- atoms
- frequency
- level
- rubidium
- atomic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 title claims description 22
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 57
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 33
- IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rubidium atom Chemical group [Rb] IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- 230000005283 ground state Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium atom Chemical group [Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000005281 excited state Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical group [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 claims 14
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
- IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-NJFSPNSNSA-N Rubidium-87 Chemical compound [87Rb] IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 4
- IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-IGMARMGPSA-N rubidium-85 atom Chemical compound [85Rb] IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-IGMARMGPSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007850 degeneration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052754 neon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N neon atom Chemical compound [Ne] GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002277 temperature effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000013405 beer Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RVRCFVVLDHTFFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptasodium;tungsten;nonatriacontahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[W].[W].[W].[W].[W].[W].[W].[W].[W].[W].[W] RVRCFVVLDHTFFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000000003 hoof Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000155 isotopic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052756 noble gas Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000541 pulsatile effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052716 thallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BKVIYDNLLOSFOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N thallium Chemical compound [Tl] BKVIYDNLLOSFOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H3/00—Production or acceleration of neutral particle beams, e.g. molecular or atomic beams
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04F—TIME-INTERVAL MEASURING
- G04F5/00—Apparatus for producing preselected time intervals for use as timing standards
- G04F5/14—Apparatus for producing preselected time intervals for use as timing standards using atomic clocks
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Stabilization Of Oscillater, Synchronisation, Frequency Synthesizers (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR158241 | 1968-07-08 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE1933652A1 DE1933652A1 (de) | 1970-01-22 |
| DE1933652B2 true DE1933652B2 (de) | 1970-11-26 |
Family
ID=8652206
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19691933652 Withdrawn DE1933652B2 (de) | 1968-07-08 | 1969-07-02 | Mit einem Strahl von Atomen, insbesondere Alkaliatomen, arbeitende Atomuhr oder Atomfrequenznormal |
Country Status (3)
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2317098B2 (de) * | 1973-04-05 | 1976-07-15 | Jechart, Ernst, 8000 München | Gaszellen-atomfrequenznormal |
| US4454482A (en) * | 1981-10-09 | 1984-06-12 | Demarchi Andrea | Atomic or molecular beam frequency standard with optical pumping and open resonator |
| FR2671913B1 (fr) * | 1991-01-23 | 1994-09-23 | Christian Lorin | Machine a resonance solitonique par superfluidite. |
| US6314215B1 (en) | 1998-09-17 | 2001-11-06 | New Mexico State University Technology Transfer Corporation | Fast all-optical switch |
| JP5005256B2 (ja) * | 2005-11-28 | 2012-08-22 | 株式会社日立ハイテクノロジーズ | 磁場計測システム及び光ポンピング磁束計 |
| US7468637B2 (en) * | 2006-04-19 | 2008-12-23 | Sarnoff Corporation | Batch-fabricated, RF-interrogated, end transition, chip-scale atomic clock |
| JPWO2015015628A1 (ja) * | 2013-08-02 | 2017-03-02 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 磁場計測装置 |
| CN116114176A (zh) * | 2020-07-30 | 2023-05-12 | 微芯片技术股份有限公司 | 用于原子钟的恒温器和相关方法 |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3323008A (en) * | 1962-10-29 | 1967-05-30 | Hewlett Packard Co | Atomic beam apparatus with means for resiliently supporting elements in an evacuatedtube to prevent thermal distortion |
| US3360740A (en) * | 1966-07-18 | 1967-12-26 | Hewlett Packard Co | Critical temperature range for oxygenated tungsten ionizing detector in thallium beam tubes |
-
1968
- 1968-07-08 FR FR158241A patent/FR1594565A/fr not_active Expired
-
1969
- 1969-07-02 DE DE19691933652 patent/DE1933652B2/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1969-07-07 US US840139A patent/US3667066A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR1594565A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) | 1970-06-08 |
| US3667066A (en) | 1972-05-30 |
| DE1933652A1 (de) | 1970-01-22 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| E77 | Valid patent as to the heymanns-index 1977 | ||
| 8339 | Ceased/non-payment of the annual fee |