DE1931289A1 - Micronutrient fertilizer containing one or more inorganic iron salts - Google Patents

Description

NORTH GERMAN AFFINERY

2 Hamburg 36
Alster terrace 2

Frankfurt am Main, June 19, 1969 Hs / SL

prov. No. 6207 NA

Micronutrient containing one or more inorganic iron salts fertilizer

The invention relates to a micronutrient fertilizer which contains one or more inorganic iron salts and is to be added to the soil for the elimination of iron deficiency damage to plants and for the preventive treatment of such Damage. It is well known that iron is indispensable for the nutrition and metabolism of plants Element. It is known that iron is a crucial component of respiratory ferments, which are responsible for the transmission of oxygen control in the plant organism. A deficiency in iron can lead to significant metabolic disorders and lead to damage caused by stunted growth, crop losses and make it noticeable externally through yellowing of the leaves, so-called chlorosis. Meadows and pastures, ornamental lawns, fruit trees, vines, cereals and a large number of ornamental plants are easily made up of Iron deficiency damage affected. The causes of the deficiency can be due to insufficient iron content in the soil, too high pH value, more rarely also caused by a deficit of other main nutrients or trace elements.

Since the problem of iron supply to our crops is of considerable economic importance, one has Tried for a long time to overcome iron deficiency by fertilizing with elsenic salts, for example ferrous sulfate,

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Ferric sulphate, ferric ammonium sulphate or potassium ferrocyanide, to "fix. It has been shown that most" plant species do not or only to a very small extent are able to absorb inorganically bound iron from the soil. This is especially true for alkaline, calcareous soils too. In addition, the application of inorganic Use of iron in the minimum amount required for this purpose, always with the risk of plant damage tied together. More recent success has been achieved with iron chelates of organic acids, for example of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, hydroxy- · ethyl-ethylenediamine triacetic acid, diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid and like chelating agents. Even if these compounds show certain disadvantages insofar as their use requires the simultaneous use of large amounts of water and there also a proportionate rapid microbial degradation takes place in the soil, their use can be described as progress. Unfortunately On the other hand, the iron chelates are so expensive that their use is generally only an option when heavy losses of valuable crops are at stake.

It has now been found that the cheap, inorganic Iron salts, for example iron (II) sulfate or iron (III) sulfate, are easily and quickly absorbed by the plants, contrary to all the expectations of experts, if give them formaldehyde-urea condensate "in effective amounts is added. As is known, the condensates mentioned consist essentially of methylenediurea and dimethyl entriurea, trimethylene tetraurea and tetramethylene pentahurea, which disintegrate in the ground at different speeds and as slowly flowing Find nitrogen source in fertilizers use. If one makes intimate mixtures of such urea-formaldehyde condensates with inorganic iron compounds,

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for example by granulating the powdered materials, ago, one observes a usability of the iron by the plants after application on deficient soils, such as they are otherwise only known from iron chelates.

It is currently not clear what the observed specific promotion of the iron fertilization effect in the here Combination form described is based. However, one can assume from the nature of the action that chelate-like complexes of iron sulfate preferentially with the less condensed, more easily soluble in water and thus more rapidly available constituents of the urea-formaldehyde condensate mixture come about and in this form particularly easily through the roots of the plants be included. This agrees with the observation that intimate mixtures of urea-formaldehyde condensates with iron salts, especially those made by granulating the finely powdered components, show the mentioned iron fertilization effect particularly clearly. On the other hand, the same effect is not achieved with products in which iron salts are condensed in the condensation process of formaldehyde and urea. Be it it remains to be seen whether the elevated temperature and the pH value within the condensation conditions are of a different nature Cause binding form of iron sulfate or whether this bond then preferably with higher condensed, very slowly soluble fractions comes about.

Both possibilities give an explanation for the fact that products whose Iron content was introduced by adding during the condensation, often for weeks until it was visible The iron fertilization effect needs to occur, while intimate mixtures of the type described here are the desired ones Usually show effects after a few days.

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A simple and quickly visible proof of iron uptake by plants can be carried out on lawns. Most types of grass show a light green color on iron-poor soil, which turns yellow-green or yellow under poor growing conditions. Mineral fertilizers promote the growth of the plants, but do not change the unhealthy coloration * The administration of Iron vitriol, as used for a comparable purpose in agriculture with application rates of 200-450 kg / ha Fe SO ^ * 7 HpO is tried rarely leads to improvement

' and often to damage the condition of the plants. Fertilizing with commercially available urea-formaldehyde condensate can improve the general condition and ■ growth of the lawn to a certain extent, but in the case of iron deficiency it can neither eliminate the unhealthy color nor the susceptibility of the lawn to damage and disease. When combined administration of urea-formaldehyde condensate (with e.g. 35-38% nitrogen content) and ferrous sulfate (iron vitriol) in a ratio of 10: 1 to about 1:10 at an application rate of only 5-10 kg / ha iron is observed -depending on the weather and growth conditions, one within a few days

, strong greening of the lawn to a deep dark green color.

Simultaneously with the promotion of chlorophyll formation the grass plants become stronger and more resilient and develop wider leaves. The presence of urea-formaldehyde condensate So the iron salt, which is otherwise difficult or impossible to absorb, is accessible to the plants and made usable. If one analyzes the iron content of the plants, one puts before the treatment Fe contents of approx. 20 - 25 ppm solid, which approx. 1 - 2 weeks after the administration of the fertilizer mixture increased by a factor of 4 have increased.

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Similar impressive attempts can be made in fruit growing when using the same fertilizer mixture on the ground in the root area of the trees. Is significant just here that the iron vitriol in the presence of urea-formaldehyde condensate in a plant organism transportable form is transferred, which is hardly achievable with iron vitriol alone. - Mixtures of Both components mentioned can contain further macro- or micronutrients, for example based on phosphorus, Contains potash, magnesium, copper, boron, manganese, zinc, etc. In experiments with such mixtures or with their constituents with the respective addition of iron compounds it is always clear that only the interaction of urea-formaldehyde condensate with iron salts in the Soil produces the iron fertilization effect described, which is comparable to that of iron chelates,

Example 1: ;

A homogeneous mixture of 9 parts of urea-formaldehyde condensate with 37.5 % N content and 1 part of ferrous sulfate FeS (K 7 H ₂ O (approx. 20 % Fe) is converted into granules with an average grain diameter of 1 - 2 mm processed. 100 square meters of an ornamental lawn growing on soil with little iron is sprinkled with 7 »5 kg of this material. Within a few days, the lawn, which was previously yellowish to pale green, takes on an increasingly deep to dark green color and becomes dense and strong.

Example'2:

A homogeneous mixture of granulated in a known manner

40 % urea-formaldehyde condensate (approx. 37.5 % N content) 10 % elsenic sulphate Fe SO ^ 7 H _£ 0

10 % ammonium nitrate

20 % superphosphate (18 % ^P 2 ° 5 ^

10% potassium sulfate (47 % K ₂ O)

10 % magnesium sulfate. (Epsom salt MgSO ^ 7H ₂ O)

to a grain size of 1-3 mm in diameter. This full fertilizer shows in all the usual forms of use especially on iron-deficient soils and in plants with a high "Iron requirement, for example in a mixture with potting soil, in ornamental plants, fruit, viticulture and grain cultivation such a strong greening effect within a few days and a Such a surprisingly high increase in chlorophyll formation, as it is unattainable by the administration of inorganic iron salts and as otherwise only more expensive by administration Iron chelate complexes can be achieved. At the place of iron (II) sulfate in the specified composition can also have ferric sulfate with the same effect, Iron ammonium sulfate, potassium ferrocyanide or other inorganic iron compounds occur.

Example 3:

A homogeneous mixture of granulated in a known manner

40 % urea-formaldehyde condensate (approx. 37.5 % N content) 10 % iron (II) sulfate (7 H ₂ O)

10% ammonium nitrate ".

20 % superphosphate

10 % potassium sulfate
8 % Epsom salt (Mg SO ^ 7 H ₂ O)
2 % amide of 2,4 - dichlorophenoxyacetic acid

to a grain size of 1 - 2 mm in diameter. This fertilizer is suitable in an application rate from there. 7.5 kg / 100 sqm excellent for increasing the quality of ornamental and sports

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lawn, especially on iron-poor soil, with simultaneous control of broad-leaved weeds.

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Claims (5)

PATENT CLAIMS 1) One or more inorganic iron salts containing micronutrient fertilizers to be added to the soil for the elimination of iron deficiency damage to plants and for the preventive treatment of such damage, characterized in that effective amounts of a urea-formaldehyde condensate are added to it to increase or enable the effect of the iron salts are. " 2) Agent according to claim 1, characterized in that the iron salt is an * iron sulfate and the agent contains at least 10 %, calculated from the amount of iron sulfate, of urea-formaldehyde condensate mixed in. 3) Agent according to one or both of claims 1 and, characterized in that the urea-formaldehyde condensate has a nitrogen-N content of 35-38 % . 4) Application of the agent according to one or more of the ^ Claims 1 - 3 , by feeding to the ground in quantities that 5 - 10 kg iron / ha correspond, if necessary together with other micro- and / or macronutrients and / or pesticides and / or pest control and / or weed killers. 009887/0769