DE1930077A1 - Cooling agent/solvent mixture for refrigera - ting system - Google Patents
Cooling agent/solvent mixture for refrigera - ting systemInfo
- Publication number
- DE1930077A1 DE1930077A1 DE19691930077 DE1930077A DE1930077A1 DE 1930077 A1 DE1930077 A1 DE 1930077A1 DE 19691930077 DE19691930077 DE 19691930077 DE 1930077 A DE1930077 A DE 1930077A DE 1930077 A1 DE1930077 A1 DE 1930077A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- refrigerant
- solvent mixture
- solvent
- cooling agent
- line
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/04—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa
- C09K5/047—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for absorption-type refrigeration systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B15/00—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/62—Absorption based systems
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Kältemittel/Lösungsmittel-Gemisch für Absorptions-K§1teanlafien Das bekannte Kältemittel/Lösungsmittel-0emisoh Ammoniak/Wasser ist aus wirtschaftlichen Gründen nur für Verdampfungstemperaturen bis etwa -50 °C einsetzbar. Refrigerant / solvent mixture for absorption refrigeration The known refrigerant / solvent-0emisoh ammonia / water is made economical Reasons only applicable for evaporation temperatures down to about -50 ° C.
Die Giftigkeit des Ammoniak und seine Unverträglichkeit mit manchen Chemikalien z.B. Chlor, verhindert in vielen Fällen die Anwendung direkter Verdampfung. Man muß dann zu der thermodynamisch ungünstigen Maßnahme greifen und zwischen Kältemittel und Kältevarbraucher einen indifferenten Kälteträger schalten. Die bessere Lösung ist jedoch die Verwendung eines Kältemittels, das die obengenannten Nachteile nicht besitzt. Geeignet sind hierzu besonders fluorierte und chlorierte Kohlenwasserstoffe wie z.B. das Kältemittel Difluormonochlormethan (R 22). The toxicity of ammonia and its incompatibility with some Chemicals, e.g. chlorine, prevent the use of direct evaporation in many cases. You then have to resort to the thermodynamically unfavorable measure and between refrigerants and refrigeration consumers switch an indifferent refrigerant. The better solution however, is the use of a refrigerant that has the above disadvantages not owns. Fluorinated and chlorinated hydrocarbons are particularly suitable for this purpose such as the refrigerant difluoromonochloromethane (R 22).
Bei Verwendung dieser Kältemittel in Absorptions-Kälteanlagen war man bisher auf Losungsmittel, wie den Dimethyläther des Tetraäthylenglykols (E 181) angewiesen, die jedoch sehr teuer sind. When using this refrigerant in absorption refrigeration systems was one has hitherto used solvents such as the dimethyl ether of tetraethylene glycol (E 181) which are very expensive.
Der Erfindung lag nun die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Lösungsmittel fUr R 22 als Kältemittel einer Absorptionskälteanlage zu finden, das billig, nicht brennbar, nicht bzw. The invention was based on the object of providing a solvent for R 22 can be found as a refrigerant in an absorption refrigeration system, which is cheap, non-flammable, not resp.
kaum giftig ist und schließlich Absorptionskälteanlagen bei noch tiereren Temperaturen als mit dem Stoffpaar Ammoniak/ Wasser zu betreiben gestattet.is hardly poisonous and, finally, absorption refrigeration systems for even more animal ones Temperatures than permitted to operate with the substance pair ammonia / water.
Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe gelingt nach der Erfindung durch Verwendung von R 22/Perchloräthylen als Kältemittel/Lösungsmittel-Gemisch zum Betrieb von Absorptionskälteanlagen, mit besonderem Vorteil bei tiefen Temperaturen. This object is achieved according to the invention through use of R 22 / perchlorethylene as a refrigerant / solvent mixture for the operation of absorption refrigeration systems, with particular advantage at low temperatures.
Das Schema zeigt ein Ausführungsbeispiel für eine solche Absorptionskälteanlage. Die Zahlenangaben für die Umlaufmengen bezichen sich auf eine Kälteleistung von 10 000 kal/h bei einer Verdampfungstemperatur von -60 °C. The diagram shows an exemplary embodiment for such an absorption refrigeration system. The figures for the circulating quantities refer to a cooling capacity of 10,000 cal / h at an evaporation temperature of -60 ° C.
Dem VerflUssiger 1 werden durch Leitung 2 ca. Condenser 1 is supplied with approx.
290 kg/h Kältemitteldämpfe (R 22) zugeführt, die bei 25 0C durch Kühlung mittels Kühlwasser mit den Ein- und Austrittsanschlüssen n und 4 bei 10,7 ata Druck verflüssigt werden.290 kg / h of refrigerant vapors (R 22) are supplied, which are cooled at 25 0C by means of cooling water with the inlet and outlet connections n and 4 can be liquefied at 10.7 ata pressure.
Die Kältemitteldämpfe enthalten dabei noch ca. 1 % Perchloräthylen.The refrigerant vapors still contain approx. 1% perchlorethylene.
Durch Leitung 5 mit Drosselregler 6 gelangt das flüssige Kältemittel in den Verdampfer 7, in dem ein absoluter Druck von 0,38 ata aufrechterhalten wird. Das Kältemittel verdampft hier bei -6o 0C und gibt seine Verdampfungswärme von ca. 10 000 kal/h an das zu kühlende Medium ab, das durch Leitung 8 eintritt und durch Leitung 9 austritt. The liquid refrigerant passes through line 5 with throttle regulator 6 into the evaporator 7, in which an absolute pressure of 0.38 ata is maintained. The refrigerant evaporates here at -6o 0C and gives off its evaporation heat of approx. 10,000 cal / h to the medium to be cooled, which enters through line 8 and through Line 9 exits.
Die Kältemitteldämpfe gelangen durch Leitung 10 zum Absorber 11. Das vom flüssigen Kältemittel zum Verdampfer 7 mltgeführte Lösungsmittel verdampft nicht und bleibt im Verdampfer zurück unter Erhöhung des Lösungamittelgehaltes der Verdampferfüllung. Durch die Leitung 12', in der eine entsprechende Drossel eingebaut ist, wird aus dem Verdampfer 7 soviel Flüssigkeit dem Absorber 13 direkt oder über die Leitung 10 zugeführt, daß im Verdampfer 7 ein vorbestimmter Lösungsmittelgehalt (5 - 20 %) nicht überschritten wird (ausgeglichene Stoffbilanz). Dem unter dem gleichen Druck von 0,38 ata arbeitenden Absorber 11 wird Perchloräthylen mit einem restlichen Gehalt von 5 % an R 22 in einer Menge von 5210 kg/h durch Leitung 12 mit Drosselventil 13 geregelt zugeführt. Der Absorber arbeitet bei einer Temperatur von 25 OC und kann daher mittels normalen Kühlwassers, Zulauf 14 und Ablauf 15, gekühlt werden. The refrigerant vapors reach the absorber 11 through line 10. The solvent carried by the liquid refrigerant to the evaporator 7 mlt evaporates does not and remains in the evaporator, increasing the solvent content of the Evaporator filling. Through the line 12 ', in which a corresponding throttle is installed is, so much liquid from the evaporator 7 is the absorber 13 directly or via the line 10 is fed that in the evaporator 7 a predetermined solvent content (5 - 20%) is not exceeded (balanced material balance). The one under the same Pressure of 0.38 ata working absorber 11 is perchlorethylene with a remaining Content of 5% of R 22 in an amount of 5210 kg / h through line 12 with throttle valve 13 fed regulated. The absorber works at a temperature of 25 OC and can therefore be cooled by means of normal cooling water, inlet 14 and outlet 15.
Das weitgehend mit Kältemittel gesättigte Lösungsmittel, das hier oa. 88 % Lösungsmittel und ca. 12 ß Kältemittel enthält, wird dann in einer Menge von 5 500 kg/h durch Leitung 16 mittels Druckpumpe 17 Uber Leitung 18, Wärmeaustauscher 19 und Leitung 20 dem Austreiber 21 zugeführt. The solvent that is largely saturated with refrigerant, this one oa. 88% solvent and approx. 12 ß of refrigerant is then used in an amount of 5,500 kg / h through line 16 by means of a pressure pump 17 via line 18, heat exchanger 19 and line 20 are fed to the expeller 21.
Der Austrelber 21 wird mittels Dampf beheizt und arbeitet bei einer Temperatur von 170 °C und bei einem Druck von ca. 10,7 ata. The Austrelber 21 is heated by means of steam and works at a Temperature of 170 ° C and a pressure of approx. 10.7 ata.
Dampfanschluß ist bei 22 und Kondensatabfluß bei 23 vorgesehen. Steam connection is provided at 22 and condensate drain at 23.
Das von Kältemittel weitgehend befreite Lösungsmittel, das dann noch ca. 5 % Kältemittel enthält, gelangt dann durch Leitung 24, Wärmeaustauscher 19 und die bereits erwähnte Leitung 12 entsprechend abgekühlt zum Absorber 11. Hierdurch ist der Lösungsmittelkreislauf geschlossen. The solvent that has been largely freed of refrigerant, and then that too Contains approx. 5% refrigerant, then passes through line 24, heat exchanger 19 and the already mentioned line 12 correspondingly cooled to the absorber 11. As a result the solvent cycle is closed.
Die Kältemitteldämpfe aus dem Kopf des Austreibers 21 gelangen dann durch Leitung 25, Dampfkühler 26 mit ?CUhlwsaserein- und -austritt 27 bzw. 28 und die bereits erwähnte Lei tung 2 entsprechend abgekühlt in einer Menge von 290 kg/h mit ca. 1 % Lösungsmittel-Restgehalt zum Verflüssiger 1. The refrigerant vapors from the head of the expeller 21 then arrive through line 25, steam cooler 26 with? CUhlwsasein- and outlet 27 or 28 and the aforementioned Lei device 2 correspondingly cooled in an amount of 290 kg / h with approx. 1% residual solvent content to the condenser 1.
Hierdurch schließt sich auch der Kältemittelkreislauf. This also closes the refrigerant circuit.
Das Ausführungsbeispiel soll nur die Anwendung dss neuen Kältemittel/Lösungsmittel-Gemisches im Prinzip zeigen. The exemplary embodiment is only intended to use the new refrigerant / solvent mixture show in principle.
Selbstverständlich sind hier im Rahmen der Erfindung noch verschiedene Variationsmöglichkeiten gegeban.Of course, there are also various here within the scope of the invention Possible variations given.
2 PatentansprUche 1 Blatt Zeichnungen2 claims 1 sheet of drawings
Claims (2)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19691930077 DE1930077A1 (en) | 1969-06-13 | 1969-06-13 | Cooling agent/solvent mixture for refrigera - ting system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19691930077 DE1930077A1 (en) | 1969-06-13 | 1969-06-13 | Cooling agent/solvent mixture for refrigera - ting system |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE1930077A1 true DE1930077A1 (en) | 1970-12-17 |
Family
ID=5736916
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE19691930077 Pending DE1930077A1 (en) | 1969-06-13 | 1969-06-13 | Cooling agent/solvent mixture for refrigera - ting system |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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DE (1) | DE1930077A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2193183A1 (en) * | 1972-07-13 | 1974-02-15 | Bosch Hausgeraete Gmbh | Refrigeration unit operating with auxiliary inert gas - in which effi-ciency of absorber is enhanced by use of dense refrigerant |
GB2232161B (en) * | 1987-07-16 | 1992-02-26 | Ostergaard Hans Joergen | A method and a compound for making plastics foam |
-
1969
- 1969-06-13 DE DE19691930077 patent/DE1930077A1/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2193183A1 (en) * | 1972-07-13 | 1974-02-15 | Bosch Hausgeraete Gmbh | Refrigeration unit operating with auxiliary inert gas - in which effi-ciency of absorber is enhanced by use of dense refrigerant |
GB2232161B (en) * | 1987-07-16 | 1992-02-26 | Ostergaard Hans Joergen | A method and a compound for making plastics foam |
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