DE1922324A1 - Irrigation condensers - Google Patents

Description

Serial No. 1540 Oberhausen, April 22, 1969

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Deutsche BABCOOK & WILCOX Aktiengesellschaft, 42 Oberhausen (ihld.) T Duisburger Str. 375

"Sprinkler Capacitors".

The invention relates to cascaded Condenser stages for sprinkling condensers in which the coolant flows downwards from stage to stage and constantly warms up, with the individual stages connected to one another via siphons.

In water desalination by multi-stage distillation is efforts are made to prevent the precipitation of the steam produced in the stages, as has been the case up to now, on colder condenser tubes, but to be carried out by sprinkling with colder condensate.

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The respective condensation stage pressure corresponds to the temperature of the steam in the stage, which comes from the so-called flash chambers. The condensation of the Steam flows by sprinkling with slightly colder water or when it comes into contact with the colder layers of water on baffles and on the floor of the chamber. To generate the sprinkling that promotes condensation the stepped floors finely perforated. The cooling water only runs through the sieve bottom provided in this way the same a liquid level sufficient to overcome the pressure difference from chamber to chamber is available is. The number of sieve holes must be such that there are no instabilities with occasional steam penetrations can occur upwards. Therefore, excess water must drain down through a siphon. That from this Water escaping from the siphon expediently flows downwards via horizontal baffles or baffles, see above that it offers the condensing vapor as large a surface as possible.

Since the liquid heights required above the sieve plates increase from level to level and overall, for example with a total pressure difference of around 10 meters for around one atmosphere, is the weight of the quantities of liquid

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and thus the soil pressure of the entire structure with the known devices is very high.

In order to avoid increasing the overall height, it has already become known to design the siphons so that they are relatively are narrow or tubular and from the upper condensation base to a siphon pot arranged in a recessed position in the lower one Reach into the bottom. Unless steam is to flow over to the next higher chamber, must however, the perforated sieve bottom in the chamber bottoms can be omitted.

The invention is based on the object of reducing the overall height or reducing the necessary soil pressure to create a condensation device which has sufficient condensation performance. According to the invention is proposed to solve this problem, starting from the known capacitor stages arranged one behind the other, to provide a sieve bottom directly connected to the overflow of the siphon. Another proposal provides for to connect a water conduction surface to the siphon.

In the area of low temperatures, the pressure gradient is Relatively low level to level, so that the siphon

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only a small overall height is required here. This is why there is still a large irrigation or watering area under the sieve or the guide surface. Head available. The resulting improvement in the condensation conditions is particularly important at low pressures most desirable for heat transfer reasons, so that the construction proposed here coincides with the actual requirements. In the warmest stages the step-wise pressure difference is then so great that there is no longer any space left for overflow sieve bases or surfaces. The possibility of accommodating wetting bodies is also possible then less, unless the condensation chambers are increased accordingly.

In order to still obtain the largest possible vapor precipitation areas, it is further proposed according to the invention, the condenser base between the condenser stages made of a material that conducts heat well, i.e. metal, to execute. Its good thermal conductivity causes it to dissipate heat from the lower, warmer level leads upwards, with part of the steam condensing on the ceiling and dripping through the condensation chamber. In order to an advantageous sprinkling takes place immediately, the effect of which is provided by impact elements additionally provided according to the invention can still be strengthened.

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If, according to the invention, the additional capacitor base is provided as a wave-shaped plate, a relative result results large condensation surface and at the same time a good distribution of the droplets over the chamber, while continuing In addition, the necessary load-bearing strength is achieved solely through the shape.

It should be noted here that the metal comes into contact with very little salty distillate, which is much less chemically aggressive than seawater. Ss, for example, inexpensive iron plate may be used, which is protected in a conventional manner by a corrosion-resistant coating.

The invention is shown schematically in the accompanying drawing explained.

In the drawing, the siphon is generally designated 1, at the overflow of which there is a sieve bottom 2 according to the invention adjoins, through which, as the arrows 3 make clear, coolant passes downwards. Instead of the sieve bottom can also - as shown in the third stage from above - add a guide surface, e.g. a guide plate 4 of any length-

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be sorted, through which the water is guided over further horizontal sheets 5 or impact body. Additionally a condenser bottom 6 is provided according to the invention between the condensation chambers, which, as this can be seen from the drawing, can be designed as a wave-shaped metal base and on its underside the condenser droplets illustrated by the arrows 7 collect and drip downwards. The good The thermal conductivity of this metal base causes it to dissipate heat from the lower, warmer level upwards.

The construction according to the invention results in the same number of stages a lower overall height of the condensation part and thus also of the entire system. The decreased However, the height need not be maintained. You can also instead use a higher inlet temperature and of the same total height by means of an increased number of steps, use a greater heat gradient per kg of brine. This results in a reduced Heat requirement of the overall process as well as a reduced amount of water to be pumped per nr distillate, what both have a positive effect on the economy of the overall process.

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Contrary to what is shown in the drawing, additional Baffles, distributor plates or the like. be provided between the individual stages, so that there is an even better heat exchange results.

It goes without saying that the invention is not restricted to the exemplary embodiment explained, but rather is opposed to it Changes possible without departing from the basic idea of the invention.

Patent claims

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Claims (5)

Patent claims: Condenser stages connected in series for sprinkling condensers, "in which the coolant flows downwards from stage to stage and is constantly warmed up, the individual stages being connected to one another via siphons, characterized by a sieve bottom connected to the overflow of the siphon. 2. Condenser stages arranged one behind the other for trickling condensers, in which the coolant flows downwards from stage to stage and is constantly warmed up, the individual stages being connected to one another via siphons, characterized by a non-perforated guide surface of the same length following the overflow of the siphon , which protrudes more or less far into the condensation chamber. 3 «Device according to claim 1, characterized by a metallic base between the capacitor stages. 4. Apparatus according to claim 5 » characterized by a wave-shaped design of the chamber ceiling. 009846/1 h 90 " ⁹ 5. Apparatus according to claim 1 to 4, characterized by additionally provided impact elements for increased surface formation for heat exchange. Patent attorney GvKralvollmadit «/ (Often 0 0 9 8 U B. / U 9 0 Blank page