DE1917966A1 - Cold transport device - Google Patents

Description

Dipl.-Ing. ERlCiI = V / A! .THER put. 3202

A.TnE! DB :: KV "M'L · VL.-L. ;;;.:. ;; ^: A3,1IEKEN
A!.; _{e: ΡΗ1Γ} _ 3202

Registration dated »April 8, 1969

"Quay transport device"

The irfinaung · is directed to a cold transport device Use between a Kai tequelle and a ζυ cooling point with eLnorn line system, which on the one hand has a first heat exchanger Heat exchange with the cold source and on the other hand a second one Kärraeaustauscher tin contains heat exchange with the place to be cooled, wherein at least one pumping device is present in the line system that a transport medium can circulate in it.

A device of the kind on which the present

Invention relates, has already been proposed. As a source of cold is included for example a cooling machine, e.g. a gas cooling machine, can be used, while the area to be cooled, for example, by a cryosurgical Instrument, a cryopump, or a preparation such as a paramagnetic one

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iJalz can be formed for aliabatic demagnetization. Most of the time, such objects are only used for a short time at a low operating temperature, during between two consecutive ones periods of use the object to a high temperature, for example to room temperature.

In the intermittent use of the apparatus, whereby the su Cooling point only for a relatively short period of time on the desired one Low operating temperature hubs are kept, so is the Intermittent need for cold.

A difficulty with this type of apparatus is that of cooling from room temperature to the very low operating temperature desired a cooling machine with a relatively large cooling capacity is required is. Is the operating temperature of the object to be cooled once achieved, a much lower cooling capacity is sufficient to achieve this Maintain temperature. This means that the cooling machine is too big for normal operation, which is economical Considerations is of course disadvantageous.

The invention aims to provide a solution to this problem and it is based on knowledge, in what is available, mostly in proportion long period, that of the period · in which that which is to be cooled Object is brought to the desired low operating temperature, precedes the cooling supplied by the cold source in whole or in part to be stored in a storage device, the stored cold then being additionally available during the cooling down to the cooling down Bring the object quickly to the desired low operating temperature.

The refrigeration transport device according to the invention has this Indicates that the line system of the transport device a

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• rate connecting line that sioh on the one hand to the one part da · line · eyetens swisohen the first and the «far heat exchanger and on the other hand to the other part of the line system "wlsohen des era th and the second Varna exchanger connected, with one or several adjustable shut-off devices are available), including the medium flow Wholly or partially through the connecting line «u, where There is also a cold storage device, which is supplied by the medium durohfloaen can be and which in the connection line or in the «Like the connection points of the connecting line Line geayetees added iat, in which · part of the first heat exchange is housed, in the latter case there is a circulation line, which sioh on both sides of the cold storage device to the line system anaohliesat, and one or more adjustable shut-off elements are present in order to duroh the medium flow completely or partially run the ·· circulation line «

In this way a cold transfer device is obtained the duroh the setting of the aforementioned adjustable shut-off elements Trensportmediumetro * in a period (for example during a Part · of the night or during the time in which the cooling apparatus is made ready for operation) the commissioning of the The object is preceded by the cold wave and the cold storage device is performed, whereby the wide heat exchanger is not flowed through. Babel then stores the cold delivered by the cold source in the cold storage device get saved. During the subsequent commissioning of the object to be cooled are the adjustable Abaperrelemente adjusted so that the medium then the cold storage device, flows through the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger.

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The medium flow can now have a relatively large cooling capacity Siuo a wide heat exchanger, so that the su cooling « Object is cooled down very quickly. It is noteworthy that in this period more cold per unit of time to the second heat exchanger is supplied than the Kühlmasohine delivers. This additional cooling capacity is supplied from the cold storage device. Kaohdea the desired low operating temperature is reached »becomes the cold storage device switched out of the medium circuit and the medium then only flows through the two heat exchangers. The cold source is now dimensioned in such a way that sufficient cold is supplied at this moment is used to maintain the temperature reached * In this way So with a relatively small source of cold it is a very good one rapid cooling of an object to be cooled to the desired operating temperature achievable.

The Kai tespeichervorrichtung can for example a regenerator wipe with a large heat capacity and good heat transfer « the material and the transport medium. Usually with one such regenerator the thermal conductivity in the Durohstromungeriohtung low. Eb is conceivable, possibly the thermal conductivity in the To choose flow direction hooh, so that then over the regenerator there is no longer a temperature gradient. '

In a further favorable embodiment of the invention The cold transport device is the transport medium helium, which ensures that cold can be transported over the entire temperature range over 4 ° f-. Especially at pressures in the area between 10 and 100 atmospheres and at lower temperatures will reduce the density and thus the heat capacity of the Heliums be great, so that cold with a good thermal

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Transport efficiency ltaat. The cold source delivers its KUta eel Temperatures above the critical temperature of Vaaseratoff, ao lat at Another favorable introduction to the invention as a KaltranaportTorriohtung daa Tranaportaediua Waaaeratoff. The advantage against » about Eeliua i «t, the« dar iwei-atoaige Vaaaeratoff a grisaere apeaifiaohe Ulrae has as there "one-atoaige Haliua, aa daaa" ei deaeeleen Toluaenatroa and Teaperaturunteraohied a large Wlraeaenge transported can digest

In another gfinatigen version afora of the erfindwagagealeaan Kiltetranaportvorlohtung let only one Fuapvorriohtvmg available, which, during the Kllteepeiohervorriohtxmg in one of the part · the line «-» ayateaa "wiaohen the first and dea" wide Wlraeauatauacher recorded iat, lat housed in that part of the line aeyateas, dar dem contains the first Wlrmeauatauecher, and the swieohen dea inaohlusspjunkt 4er Connection line to the other part of the line system lying between the first and the other side of the hearing aid system point of the bypass line is at daa Ijeitungeayatem, which point at 4er • The side of the Klltetraneportvorriohtwg facing the first heat exchanger lies, or lat arranged in that part of the line aeyateaa which between the other connection points of the connection »line and dea Circulation channel is located on this line system.

According to a further embodiment, while the cold storage device is is received in the connecting line, the pumping device included in that part of the pipeline system which sviaohen den The connecting line is connected to the first and also the first WlraeaustauBoher contains. Such a form of flow offers the Advantage that "only one pumping device is sufficient, including the medium la lei"

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Let the management system run around regardless of the choice from the aSgliohen Paths that the transport medium can follow in the pipeline system *

In a further favorable embodiment of the invention The refrigeration transport device is a wide range of connections present, which are located on both sides of the first heat exchanger the line system attaches, and the line system part on the one side of the mentioned connection points only the first Wlraeauatausoker and the connection line contains a lighting device, wherein further a

or several adjustable shut-off elements are available, including the Hediuastroa lead completely or partially through the »wide connecting line su · D * the line syatea part on one side of the second connecting line Containing only the first heat exchanger, only a pumping device is sufficient again, subcontracting the transport through the pipeline system the end. '

In practice, it is often desirable for a particular Gebrauohsperiode the su cooling object to bring, for example, a vacuum system back on Zimaerteeperatur, so this was _f without calibration too much water and CO ₂ on the "wide Wlrseaus be gsSffnet exchanger settles. Because the medium flow is now passed through the wide connecting line and the heating device in it is used, the transport medium can be quickly acquired in a simple manner, the relatively warm transport medium being able to bring the cooled point to ambient temperature by exchanging heat in the wide heat exchanger.

Embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawing and are described in more detail below.

Ih Figures 1, 2 and 3 are three embodiments of KlItetransportvorriohtungen portrayed soheoatically and not properly

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whereby there is a cold storage in the port port directions is located, during which the flow of medium is wholly or partly in Hesse no.

Sn Fig. 1 is old the Besugesiffer 1 indicated a line system in which see helium. This piping system includes a ere th ¥ lraeaustat> seher 2, a Leitungeteil 3, "inen" wide wlrmeaustaueoher 4, "tad a Leitungeteil 5. Veit is in the line system a Pumpvorriohtung $ Torhenden that d« · HeItue berualaufen can make. The Wlnte- «• töher 2 is old. a soheaatisoh specified KIl te source 7, which atapielsveiee can be a Qaekilteaaaohine, in exchange. Veiter is the wide heat exchanger 4 sdt a tu cooling object 8, which can be, for example, a vacuum system, \ n millet exchange. A regenerator 9 is present at the conduit part 3, a Ualaufleitung 10 being arranged above this regenerator. This line 10 connects on one side of the regenerator at point 11 to the line part 3 and on the other side via a control valve 12 also to the line part 3. The KtI te transport system according to FIG. 1 furthermore contains a first connection line 13, which on the one hand flows through a control slide 14 · »« sn line part 3, while this connecting line connects with its other side at point 15 to line part 5. Furthermore, there is still a complete connection 16 available, which is connected to the line part 5 at point 17 and, on the other hand, via a control valve 18 to the power part 3. A healing device 19 is incorporated into the wide connecting line 16. The mode of action of the cold port systems is as follows. Before the cooling object 8 is cooled by means of the heat exchanger 4, the regenerator 9 is charged with cold. this happens

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in that the control valve 18 is set in such a way that the Connection line 16 is completed, while the Regelsohieber 12 the Circulation line 10 closes, and the control valve 14 4 «second heat exchanger 4 blocks. By the pump 6 the Eeliua is now duroh the Regenerator 9, the connecting line 13, the line part 5 # the first Heat exchanger 2, in which the helium is cooled by the cold source and then again through the pump to the regenerator, from it to be Cold transfers to the regenerator material. This continues until the regenerator 9 to the lowest temperature, welohe the cold source can deliver, has cooled. A son's cooling of the cool Object> can now be obtained in that the control slide 14 in a position is brought, whereby the connection line 13 is completed and the control valves 12 and 16 are left in their position as described above will. The helium is then fed through the pump 6 through the regenerator 9 guided. Due to the nature of the regenerator, the gas is evacuated from the gas at a constant low temperature for a certain period of time Flow regenerator. The medium then flows through the second heat exchanger 4, vo it gives off its cold to the su cooling object and then the medium flows through the line part 5 through the heat exchanger 2, where it exchanges heat with the cold source, and then again through the regenerator. This way is temporarily a bigger one Cooling capacity available than that supplied by the cooling unit «Capacity and the object 8 to be cooled is cooled very quickly. After a certain time, the cooling object becomes the operating temperature exhibit. At this moment the control valve 12 is brought into the position in which the line to the regenerator 9 is closed so that the bypass line 10 becomes free. The medium becomes

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then τοη of the pump 6 over part of the line 3 and over the circulation channel 10 sum sweit heat exchanger 4 f Hessen, iro it exchanges heat with the su cooling object, wonaoh the Heliua further over the line part 5 sum heat exchanger 2. _f where the Eeliiui « ith the cold source 7 exchanges heat, and then again Ptuipe 6 flows. At this moment, the cold source 7 will supply enough cold to keep the su kfihlende object 8 at its operating temperature su. This means that only a relatively small source of cold 7, which is large enough to maintain the normal operating temperature, can still get the cooling object cooled down very quickly; in the course of a certain brewing period it is usually desirable for the object to be cooled bring back to bypass temperature. This is desirable, for example, in vacuum systems, where it is desirable that the heat exchanger 4 or the cooling surface connected to it is at room temperature before the vacuum space is opened, since otherwise a large amount of water and CO ₂ would condense on these cold parts. This heating of the object to be cooled can take place, for example, in that the pump 6 is switched off and the object being cooled is brought to temperature, for example with the aid of an electrical healing device. This usually brings additional construction complications with sioh. In the cold transport device according to FIG. 1, the object 8 to be cooled can be heated up by setting the sliders 18, 12 and 14 as follows. The slide 18 is brought into that position in which the line to the first heat exchanger is closed and the connecting line 16 is free. The slide .12 is brought into that position in which the line to the regenerator is closed and the circulation line 10 is free, while the slide 14

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is in a position in which the connecting line 13 is terminated is. Veiter, the heating device 19 is switched on. The medium now flows from the pump 6 through the circulation line 10, the second heat exchanger 4 and the verb in fertilizer line 16 · In the connecting line 16 heat is supplied to the helium by the heating device 19, so that this helium was fed relatively to the second heat exchanger 4 where it gives off its heat to the object to be cooled * This is on

The cooling object 6 can be heated in a simple manner. Possibly

the cooling object can still be opened somewhat differently. When the object cools down, heat is stored in the regenerator been. If now the slide 12 is brought into the position in which the circulation line 10 is closed, the helium flows through the regenerator 9 in which it is expanded. This warm helium now flows duroh the heat exchanger 4, whereby the cooling object 8 is warmed up will. At a suitable moment, the slide 12 is brewed in that position in which the medium flows through the circulation line 10 can, during this moment, the heating device 19 is also switched on

"will, so that afterwards the heating of the cooling object to the one described above Way done.

f Ih Fig. 2 is a refrigeration transport device shown in

large features corresponding to that of FIG. 1 and in the corresponding parts are indicated with the same reference numbers as in FIG. The only The difference here is that the regenerator 9 in this case is in the line part 5 is included. The mode of operation of the device according to FIG. 2 is largely the same as that shown in FIG. 1, so that there are no other Description required · This · embodiment may, however, under certain circumstances compared to the device according to Fig. 1 advantage "offer"

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In Fig. 3 a Kiltetransportvorriohtung is shown, which also broadly corresponds to that of the previous figures and where therefore the corresponding parts are again indicated with the same bees-sifers are. The regenerator 9 is in the first connecting line 13 added. The operation of this device is as follows. The control slide 18 is set in such a way that the connecting line 16 is complete. Next, the shut-off element 21 is closed and the shut-off element 22 is open. The medium is now pumped from the pump 6 through the line part 3 ″ flow around the regenerator 9 and then over the Connection «line 13 w & the heat exchanger 2 back over the pump. The medium is cooled in the heat exchanger 2 and then releases its cold from the regenerator 9, which is thus cooled. In the beginning the cooling of the object 8, the shut-off element 21 is partially opened, while the shut-off element 22 is partially closed. That Medium originating from the pump 6 is now partly passed through the regenerator 9 flow, and the remaining part through the heat exchanger 4 * at the In place «13 the two streams are mixed and this leads to one Misohtemperatur the heated in the heat exchanger 4 medium and the from the regenerator 9 originating cold medium. This medium then flows through the heat exchanger 2, in which it is cooled. To this In this way, the refrigeration product of the regenerator becomes that of the refrigeration machine sugesetst. When the desired operating temperature of the su cooling objects β 8, the shut-off element 22 is completely closed, while the Absperreleaent 21 is opened, so that the medium then flows through the heat exchanger 4 and the heat exchanger 2, the cooling capacity of the cold source is then sufficient to achieve the To maintain the temperature of the cooling object 8. Warming up the

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Kühlob jek tee can be done again so that the lying Isohieb · r is brought into the position in which the medium τοη the Puape 6 over the shut-off element 21 through the Wime exchanger 4 and danaoh through the Connect fertilizer line 16 with the healing device received therein, the is then switched on, flows. This is then done by the heating 19 the cooling object Warne supplied, so that in a favorable manner this object will be preserved

From the above it should be evident that the invention creates a very advantageous and simple design of a cold transport device, whereby a lot of cold can be stored in a cold storage device, which can be a regenerator or other heat collector, the stored cold during cooling object to be cooled can be used, so that this object to be cooled is supplied with more cold per unit of time than · per unit of time during which the cooling machine can be supplied, whereby · a reduction in the cooling period is obtained «

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Claims (2)

-13- PW. 3202 PATBtTTIN FRUIT 1,) Cold transport device for use between a quay source and a point to be coaled with a pipe system, da * on the one hand a first heat exchanger for exchanging heat with the cold source t »d on the other hand, a second heat exchanger for exchanging heat with the Contains place to be cooled, wherein at least one pump device is present in the line system, which circulate a transport medium therein can let, daduroh characterized in that the line system contains a first connecting line, which sioh on the one hand to the one part of the pipe system between the first and the second heat exchanger and on the other hand to the other part of the pipe system between the first and second heat exchanger, with one or more controllable * shut-off elements being present to completely control the flow of medium or partially through the connecting line, with a * cold storage device being present through which the medium flows can and in the connection line or in the between the connection points the connection line lying part of the line system added is in which part the first heat exchanger is housed, in the latter case there is a by-pass line that sioh open connects both sides of the cold storage device to the pipe system, and wherein one or more controllable shut-off elements are present in order to completely or partially flow the medium through this flow line respectively, 2. Kältetraneportvorriohtung according to Anspruoh 1, characterized in that that the transport medium is helium * 3, cold transport device according to claim 1, characterized in that that if the cold source its cold at a temperature above the critical 909883/1130 -14- PHi. 3202 The temperature of hydrogen supplies, the transport medium is hydrogen is" 4 »KtI te transport device according to claim 1, 2 or 3, because It is worth knowing that while the cold storage facility is in one of the Parts of the piping system · avisohen the first and de »sKelt heat exchangers is added, only one pumping device is available, which is housed in that part of the line system * that the first Contains heat exchanger and between the connection point of the connection «- Line to the other, »Irish the first and the» wide heat exchanger lying part of the pipe system and the connection point of the Circulation line to the line system, which point is at the first heat exchanger facing side of the cooling transport device or is located in that part of the line system which is located between the other connection points of the connection line and the Circulation line is located on this pipeline system. 3 «cold transport device · according to claim 1, 2 or 3» thereby ge » knows that while the cold storage device is received in the connecting line, the pumping device in that part of the pipe system is included, the »wipe the connection points of the Connecting line and which also contains the first heat exchanger, 6, quay transport device according to claim 1, 2, 3 »4 or 5» characterized in that there is a second connection line which is attached to the Lead asystea anechliesut, and where the Leitaxn £ ß3 / 3tenit <5il on the one side of the above mentioned solution only spunked the first heat exchanger and the connection line contains a heating device, wherein further one or more controllable »shut-off elements are available and made to measure Mediumetrora completely or partially through the second connecting line "' 909883/1130 su lead « • t · · -15- PBI. 3202 The cold temperature lets objects cool down from room temperature to the expected, rather low operating temperature, a KQhI masoalne if a relatively large cooling capacity is required, This is necessary when the operating temperature of the cooling object has reached one another is, "a much lower carbonization is sufficient, including this temperature get upset * The invention provides an extremely advantageous and simple one Type of refrigeration port device for transporting. KU te τοπ a cold source (cooling masohine) after a cooling one Place, with a lot of cold stored in a Kaitespeioherrorriohtung can be the temperature during the cooling of the object can be used «This means that this cooling object can provide more cooling capacity as the cooling machine can supply, so that when in use a cooling machine with a relatively low cooling capacity Curation of the cooling period is obtained. 909883/1130 _BAD Blank page