DE1551318B2 - DEVICE FOR GENERATING KELTE - Google Patents
DEVICE FOR GENERATING KELTEInfo
- Publication number
- DE1551318B2 DE1551318B2 DE1967N0030819 DEN0030819A DE1551318B2 DE 1551318 B2 DE1551318 B2 DE 1551318B2 DE 1967N0030819 DE1967N0030819 DE 1967N0030819 DE N0030819 A DEN0030819 A DE N0030819A DE 1551318 B2 DE1551318 B2 DE 1551318B2
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- ejector
- pressure
- heat
- cooled
- container
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 9
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
- F04F5/00—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow
- F04F5/44—Component parts, details, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04F5/02 - F04F5/42
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
- F04F5/00—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow
- F04F5/44—Component parts, details, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04F5/02 - F04F5/42
- F04F5/46—Arrangements of nozzles
- F04F5/462—Arrangements of nozzles with provisions for cooling the fluid
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
- F25B1/10—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle with multi-stage compression
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/08—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point using ejectors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
- F25J1/0005—Light or noble gases
- F25J1/0007—Helium
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
- F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
- F25J1/004—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by flash gas recovery
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
- F25J1/0047—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle
- F25J1/0052—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/006—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the refrigerant fluid used
- F25J1/0062—Light or noble gases, mixtures thereof
- F25J1/0065—Helium
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
- F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
- F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
- F25J1/0275—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines adapted for special use of the liquefaction unit, e.g. portable or transportable devices
- F25J1/0276—Laboratory or other miniature devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2341/00—Details of ejectors not being used as compression device; Details of flow restrictors or expansion valves
- F25B2341/001—Ejectors not being used as compression device
- F25B2341/0012—Ejectors with the cooled primary flow at high pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
- F25B2500/01—Geometry problems, e.g. for reducing size
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2240/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for expanding of process streams
- F25J2240/60—Expansion by ejector or injector, e.g. "Gasstrahlpumpe", "venturi mixing", "jet pumps"
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
- F25J2270/90—External refrigeration, e.g. conventional closed-loop mechanical refrigeration unit using Freon or NH3, unspecified external refrigeration
- F25J2270/912—Liquefaction cycle of a low-boiling (feed) gas in a cryocooler, i.e. in a closed-loop refrigerator
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Clinical Laboratory Science (AREA)
- Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Erzeugen von Kälte mit einem Zulauf für ein Hochdruck-Arbeitsmittel, an den sich mehrere Wärmetauscher, in denen das Hochdruck-Arbeitsmittel bis unter die entsprechende Inversionstemperatur gekühlt wird, anschließen, welche Vorrichtung einen Ejektor aufweist, dem das gekühlte Hochdruck-Arbeitsmittel zuführbar ist und dessen Ablauf in einen ersten Behälter zum Auffangen des Arbeitsmittels mit herabgesetztem Druck führt, dessen Dampfraum mit den Wärmetauschern in Verbindung steht und dessen Flüssigkeitsraum über einen Wärmetauscher und ein Drosselventil mit einem den zu kühlenden Gegenstand enthaltenden zweiten Behälter verbunden ist, in dem ein niedrigerer Druck herrscht und der an die Ansaugseite des Ejektors angeschlossen ist.The invention relates to a device for generating cold with an inlet for a high-pressure working medium, to which there are several heat exchangers, in which the high-pressure working fluid is below the corresponding Inversion temperature is cooled, connect which device has an ejector, the the cooled high-pressure working medium can be supplied and its drain into a first container for collection of the working medium leads with reduced pressure, the vapor space of which with the heat exchangers in Is connected and its liquid space via a heat exchanger and a throttle valve with a the object to be cooled containing the second container is connected, in which a lower pressure prevails and which is connected to the suction side of the ejector.
Eine solche Vorrichtung dient zum Liefern von Kälte bei sehr tiefen Temperaturen. Besonders in letzter Zeit ist man an Kälte interessiert, die bei Temperaturen unter 4° K geliefert wird, und zwar zur Kühlung von supraleitenden Spulen und Speicherelementen von elektronischen Rechenmaschinen. Zu diesen tiefen Temperaturen gehören sehr niedrige Dampfspannungen über dem Flüssigkeitsbad im Niederdruckbehälter, in dem der zu kühlende Gegenstand angeordnet ist. Wenn man z. B. bei Γ K liefern soll, dann gehört dazu eine Dampfspannung von 0,12 mm Hg. Um diesen Niederdruck im Behälter einhalten zu können, ist eine sehr gute Ansaugwirkung des Ejektors erforderlich.Such a device is used to supply cold at very low temperatures. Especially recently if you are interested in cold, which is supplied at temperatures below 4 ° K, to cool superconducting Coils and storage elements of electronic calculating machines. At these low temperatures include very low vapor tensions above the liquid bath in the low-pressure tank in which the object to be cooled is arranged. If you z. B. should deliver at Γ K, then a vapor tension is part of it of 0.12 mm Hg. In order to be able to maintain this low pressure in the container, a very good suction effect is required of the ejector is required.
Da das dem Ejektor zugeführte Arbeitsmittel eine etwas höhere Temperatur als das den Ejektor verlassende Arbeitsmittel aufweist, besteht am Ejektor ein bestimmter Temperaturgradient, der eine Wärmeleitung hervorruft, was die Wirkung des Ejektors und den tiefsterreichbaren Ansaugdruck nachteilig beeinflußt.Because the working fluid supplied to the ejector has a slightly higher temperature than that leaving the ejector Has working fluid, there is a certain temperature gradient at the ejector that conducts heat causes, which affects the effect of the ejector and the low-usable suction pressure adversely.
Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Vorrichtung der bekannten Art zu schaffen, die Kälte mit einem besseren Wirkungsgrad und bei tieferen Temperaturen liefert.The invention is therefore based on the object of creating a device of the known type, the cold delivers with better efficiency and at lower temperatures.
Die Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, daß der Ejektor wenigstens teilweise aus einem wärmeisolierenden Material besteht.The object is achieved in that the ejector is at least partially made of a heat-insulating material consists.
Dadurch wird vermieden, daß Wärme durch die Wände des Ejektors in Richtung auf dessen Ende geleitet wird, was den Wirkungsgrad des Ejektors verbessert. This prevents heat from being conducted through the walls of the ejector towards the end thereof becomes, which improves the efficiency of the ejector.
Dabei kann entweder das Strahlrohrteil des Ejektors an seiner Innenseite mit einer Schicht aus einem wärmeisolierenden Material versehen sein oder der Ejektor insgesamt aus einem wärmeisolierenden Material bestehen.Either the jet pipe part of the ejector can be coated on its inside with a layer of a heat-insulating material Material be provided or the ejector as a whole made of a heat-insulating material exist.
An Hand der Zeichnung wird die Erfindung näher erläutert. Es zeigtThe invention is explained in more detail with reference to the drawing. It shows
F i g. 1 eine schematische Darstellung einer Vorrichtung zum Erzeugen von Kälte, in der ein Ejektor verwendet ist, undF i g. 1 is a schematic representation of a device for generating cold, in which an ejector is used is and
F i g. 2 und 3 Darstellungen zweier Ausführungsformen des in der Vorrichtung nach F i g. 1 verwendeten Ejektors.F i g. 2 and 3 representations of two embodiments of the device in FIG. 1 used Ejector.
In F i g. 1 ist mit der Bezugsziffer 1 ein Kompressor bezeichnet. Das komprimierte Mittel wird zunächst durch einen Kühler 2 geführt, in dem die Kompressionswärme abgeleitet wird. Danach fließt das komprimierte Mittel durch einen Wärmetauscher 3, in dem es Wärme mit dem Mittel niedrigeren Drucks tauscht. Danach wird das Hochdruckmittel im Wärmetauscher 4 mit Hilfe einer Kühlvorrichtung 5 auf eine Temperatur von z. B. 60° K gekühlt. Danach fließt das Hochdruckmittel durch den Wärmetauscher 6, in dem es wieder mit dem Mittel niedrigeren Drucks Wärme tauscht. Dann wird das Hochdruckmittel im Wärmetauscher 7 mit Hilfe der Kühlvorrichtung 8 auf eine Temperatur von z. B. 15° K gekühlt, wonach es im Wärmetauscher 9 mit dem expandierten Mittel wieder Wärme tauscht.In Fig. 1, the reference number 1 denotes a compressor. The compressed medium is first passed through a cooler 2, in which the heat of compression is dissipated. After that, the compressed one flows Means through a heat exchanger 3 in which it exchanges heat with the means of lower pressure. Thereafter the high pressure medium in the heat exchanger 4 is brought to a temperature with the aid of a cooling device 5 from Z. B. 60 ° K cooled. Then the high pressure medium flows through the heat exchanger 6, in which it again exchanges heat with the medium of lower pressure. Then the high pressure medium in the heat exchanger 7 with the help of the cooling device 8 to a temperature of, for. B. 15 ° K, after which it is in the heat exchanger 9 exchanges heat again with the expanded agent.
Das Hochdruckmittel hat dann eine Temperatur, die unter der Inversionstemperatur dieses Mittels beim herrschenden Druck liegt. Das Mittel tritt danach in einen Ejektor 10 ein, in dem der Druck dieses Mittels herabgesetzt wird. An den Ejektor schließt ein Ablauf 11 an, der in einen Behälter 12 führt. Der Dampfraum des Behälters 12 ist über die Wärmetauscher 9, 6 und 3 an die Eingangsseite des Kompressors 1 angeschlossen. Das Kondensat aus dem Behälter 12 kann über den Wärmetauscher 13 und das Drosselventil 14, in dem der Druck der Flüssigkeit weiter herabgesetzt wird, zu einem Behälter 15 fließen, in dem ein niedrigerer Druck herrscht als im Behälter 12.The high pressure medium then has a temperature which is below the inversion temperature of this medium the prevailing pressure. The agent then enters an ejector 10, in which the pressure of this agent is reduced. A drain 11, which leads into a container 12, connects to the ejector. The steam room of the container 12 is connected to the inlet side of the compressor 1 via the heat exchangers 9, 6 and 3. The condensate from the container 12 can through the heat exchanger 13 and the throttle valve 14, in which the Pressure of the liquid is further reduced to flow to a container 15 in which a lower pressure prevails than in container 12.
Der Dampfraum des Behälters 15 ist über die Wärmetauscher 13 und 18 mit der Ansaugseite 16 des Ejektors IO verbunden.The vapor space of the container 15 is connected to the suction side 16 of the ejector via the heat exchangers 13 and 18 IO connected.
Im Behälter 15 ist eine Kühlwendel 17 angeordnet, durch die ein zu kühlendes Mittel fließen kann. Statt der Kühlwendel 17 kann im Behälter 15 auch ein zu kühlender Gegenstand, wie eine supraleitende Spule oder ein Rechen- oder Speicherelement einer elektronischen Rechenmaschine, angeordnet sein. Als Mittel dient in der Anlage Helium.A cooling coil 17 through which an agent to be cooled can flow is arranged in the container 15. Instead of the cooling coil 17 can also be an object to be cooled, such as a superconducting coil, in the container 15 or a computing or storage element of an electronic computing machine. As a means is used in the plant helium.
Der Kompressor 1 komprimiert das Helium auf einen Druck Pi. Dieses Hochdruckhelium wird in den Wärmetauschern 2,3,4,6, 7 und 9 bis unter seine Inversionstemperatur gekühlt. Danach wird das Hochdruckhelium dem Ejektor 10 zugeführt. In diesem wird sein Druck herabgesetzt, wobei die potentielle Energie teil-The compressor 1 compresses the helium to a pressure Pi. This high-pressure helium is cooled in the heat exchangers 2, 3, 4, 6, 7 and 9 to below its inversion temperature. Thereafter, the high pressure helium is supplied to the ejector 10. In this its pressure is reduced, whereby the potential energy is partly
weise in kinetische Energie umgewandelt und letztere teilweise dazu verwendet wird, das Niederdruckhelium wieder auf Druck zu bringen. Das Helium, das mit einem Druck Pi den Ejektor verläßt, wird im Behälter 12 aufgefangen.wisely converted into kinetic energy and the latter is partly used to bring the low pressure helium back up to pressure. The helium which leaves the ejector at a pressure Pi is collected in the container 12.
Der Dampf mit einem Druck Pi kann dann über die Wärmetauscher wieder zum Kompressor zurückfließen. Die gebildete Flüssigkeit wird in dem Drosselventil 14 auf einen Druck Pi entspannt, der zur Temperatur, bei der die Kälte geliefert werden muß, gehört. Der Dampf im Behälter 15 mit dem Druck Pi wird vom Ejektor 10 abgesaugt und auf den Druck Pi des Behälters 12 gebracht. Bevor er in den Ejektor 10 fließt, tauscht der Dampf aus dem Behälter 15 in den Wärmetauschern 13 und 18 Wärme mit dem Helium höheren Drucks aus. Bei dieser Vorrichtung arbeitet der Kompressor also lediglich zwischen den Drücken Pi und Pi, so daß der Kompressor konstruktiv einfacher werden kann als bei Vorrichtungen, in denen die Drosselung des gesamten Heliums auf den Druck Pi stattfindet. The steam with a pressure Pi can then flow back to the compressor via the heat exchanger. The liquid formed is expanded in the throttle valve 14 to a pressure Pi which belongs to the temperature at which the cold must be supplied. The steam in the container 15 with the pressure Pi is sucked off by the ejector 10 and brought to the pressure Pi of the container 12. Before flowing into the ejector 10, the steam from the container 15 exchanges heat with the higher pressure helium in the heat exchangers 13 and 18. In this device, the compressor works only between the pressures Pi and Pi, so that the compressor can be structurally simpler than in devices in which the throttling of the entire helium to the pressure Pi takes place.
In F i g. 2 ist der Ejektor in vergrößertem Maßstab dargestellt. Das Hochdruckhelium mit einer Temperatur
von z. B. 4° K wird dem Eingang 20 im Strahlrohrteil 21 des Ejektors zugeführt. Am Ende dieses Strahlrohrteils
wird die Temperatur auf einen niedrigeren Wert herabgesunken sein. Das bedeutet, daß in den
Wänden des Strahlrohrteils 21 ein Temperaturgradient vorhanden ist, der vom Eingang 20 bis zum Ausgang 22
des Strahlrohrteiles 21 verläuft. Durch die Wand des Strahlrohrteils kann also Wärme vom Eingang zum
Ausgang fließen, was die Wirkung des Ejektors beeinträchtigt. Um dies zu vermeiden, ist das Strahlrohrteil
21 an seiner Innenseite mit einer Schicht 23 aus einem wärmeisolierenden Material versehen.
Statt nur eine Schicht 23 aus einem wärmeisolierenden Material vorzusehen, kann es günstiger sein, den
ganzen Strahlrohrteil 21 aus Isoliermaterial herzustellen, oder sogar, wie in F i g. 3 dargestellt ist, den ganzen
Ejektor aus einem wärmeisolierenden Material, wie Glas oder Kunststoff, zu machen. Dies beschränkt die
Wärmeleitfähigkeit über die Wände des Ejektors, wodurch eine bessere Ejektorwirkung und ein niedrigerer
Ansaugdruck erhalten werden.In Fig. 2 the ejector is shown on an enlarged scale. The high pressure helium at a temperature of e.g. B. 4 ° K is fed to the inlet 20 in the jet pipe part 21 of the ejector. At the end of this pipe section, the temperature will have dropped to a lower value. This means that there is a temperature gradient in the walls of the jet pipe part 21 which runs from the inlet 20 to the outlet 22 of the jet pipe part 21. Heat can therefore flow through the wall of the radiant tube part from the inlet to the outlet, which affects the ejector's effect. In order to avoid this, the radiant tube part 21 is provided on its inside with a layer 23 made of a heat-insulating material.
Instead of providing only one layer 23 made of a heat-insulating material, it may be more advantageous to make the entire radiant tube part 21 from insulating material, or even, as in FIG. 3 it is shown to make the whole ejector from a heat insulating material such as glass or plastic. This limits the thermal conductivity across the walls of the ejector, resulting in a better ejector effect and a lower suction pressure.
Hierzu 2 Blatt ZeichnungenFor this purpose 2 sheets of drawings
Claims (3)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NL666609177A NL148153B (en) | 1966-07-01 | 1966-07-01 | EJECTOR PARTICULARLY SUITABLE FOR A DEVICE FOR GENERATING COLD AND / OR LIQUEFIING GASES. |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE1551318A1 DE1551318A1 (en) | 1970-03-19 |
| DE1551318B2 true DE1551318B2 (en) | 1976-04-22 |
Family
ID=19797040
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE1967N0030819 Granted DE1551318B2 (en) | 1966-07-01 | 1967-06-29 | DEVICE FOR GENERATING KELTE |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3442093A (en) |
| BE (1) | BE700822A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH471975A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE1551318B2 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR1543242A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1187457A (en) |
| NL (1) | NL148153B (en) |
| SE (1) | SE313321B (en) |
Families Citing this family (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NL7304885A (en) * | 1973-04-09 | 1974-10-11 | ||
| JPS5511863B2 (en) * | 1973-08-10 | 1980-03-28 | ||
| CH625609A5 (en) * | 1977-12-23 | 1981-09-30 | Sulzer Ag | |
| DE2805958C3 (en) * | 1978-02-13 | 1981-03-19 | Kraftwerk Union AG, 4330 Mülheim | Nozzle for the adiabatic expansion of gases |
| US4352637A (en) * | 1980-06-04 | 1982-10-05 | General Signal Corporation | Jet cooling pump |
| EP0108834B1 (en) * | 1982-10-20 | 1986-06-04 | GebràDer Sulzer Aktiengesellschaft | Device for preparing liquid para-hydrogen |
| US4779428A (en) * | 1987-10-08 | 1988-10-25 | United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator, National Aeronautics And Space Administration | Joule Thomson refrigerator |
| EP0822338B1 (en) * | 1991-09-13 | 2005-08-03 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Steam injector |
| US5287694A (en) * | 1992-10-05 | 1994-02-22 | General Electric Company | Fluid channeling system |
| AU750712B2 (en) * | 1998-10-16 | 2002-07-25 | 3S Gas Technologies Ltd. | Method and Apparatus for the Separation of Components of Gas Mixtures and Liquefaction of a Gas |
| JP4760843B2 (en) * | 2008-03-13 | 2011-08-31 | 株式会社デンソー | Ejector device and vapor compression refrigeration cycle using ejector device |
| DE102012005768A1 (en) * | 2012-03-23 | 2013-09-26 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Air separation plant with cooled superconductor structure |
| CN103776189B (en) * | 2014-01-18 | 2016-02-24 | 西安交通大学 | Tonifying Qi for the band injector of heat pump assembly increases enthalpy type heat pump circulating system |
| DE202015005698U1 (en) * | 2015-08-10 | 2015-11-11 | Gerhard Seewald | Plant for energy production |
| FR3108740B1 (en) * | 2020-03-25 | 2022-08-12 | Absolut System | System for regulating the temperature of a cryogenic fluid |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2852922A (en) * | 1953-07-30 | 1958-09-23 | Rheem Mfg Co | Jet pump |
| US3208399A (en) * | 1963-10-14 | 1965-09-28 | Howard R Keller | Ejector pump |
-
1966
- 1966-07-01 NL NL666609177A patent/NL148153B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1967
- 1967-06-26 US US648874A patent/US3442093A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1967-06-27 SE SE9306/67*A patent/SE313321B/xx unknown
- 1967-06-28 CH CH915767A patent/CH471975A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1967-06-28 GB GB29782/67A patent/GB1187457A/en not_active Expired
- 1967-06-29 DE DE1967N0030819 patent/DE1551318B2/en active Granted
- 1967-06-30 BE BE700822D patent/BE700822A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1967-06-30 FR FR112706A patent/FR1543242A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CH471975A (en) | 1969-04-30 |
| NL148153B (en) | 1975-12-15 |
| NL6609177A (en) | 1968-01-02 |
| DE1551318A1 (en) | 1970-03-19 |
| GB1187457A (en) | 1970-04-08 |
| US3442093A (en) | 1969-05-06 |
| FR1543242A (en) | 1968-10-25 |
| BE700822A (en) | 1968-01-02 |
| SE313321B (en) | 1969-08-11 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C3 | Grant after two publication steps (3rd publication) | ||
| E77 | Valid patent as to the heymanns-index 1977 | ||
| 8339 | Ceased/non-payment of the annual fee |