DE1915942A1 - Covered seed - Google Patents

Description

Patent attorney Dipl.-Ing. Horst Walther

Checkout!, - the k6 <> ρ "1 ^> 69 Heinrich-Heine-Str. 16 (corner of Franltf. Str.) TeleforHiHh55- 2 12 35 Postal check account: 6991 Ffm. And 149359 Ffm. Bank account: Dresdner Bank Kassel 142761 Commerzbank Kassel 2722783 Deutsche Bank Kassel 226669/0

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6195

Saat- und Erntetechnik GmbH,
344 Eschwege, P.O. Box 745

"Covered seed"

The invention "relates to a coated seed and a process for its manufacture.

009841/0763

BATH ORIGINAL

Telephone agreements require written confirmation

It is known per se to provide a seed with a coating layer made of a coating compound. Such enveloping masses "consist of finely powdered organic and inorganic materials and have the task of making the: seed grain suitable for mechanical sowing to give outer shape and size.

By using powdery or fine-grained materials which are bound by a binding agent, produced a fine-pored Hüllmassengerüst w.

This fine-pored shell compound structure soaks up water when sown in moist soil natural or artificial rain too high, all pores and capillaries fill with water the gas exchange of the swollen and thus breathing seed is made difficult or severely hindered.

At low germination temperatures of 6 - 10 ° C, which prevail in the ground in spring, the respiration of the Seed low »Also, the solubility of oxygen highest in water at 4 - 6 ° C »At higher no temperatures, the respiration of the semen increases, the On the other hand, the solubility of oxygen in the water decreases. With high water saturation of the coating layer and increasing Temperature, the breathing conditions are becoming more and more unfavorable,

009841/0763

BATH ORIGINAL

It comes to germination delays and a reduction in the Germinability. With some types of seeds already difficult the seed's own natural seed coat the "gas exchange".

The artificial additional seed coat in Forci the Envelopment intensifies this process, especially at high levels Water supply and high germination temperatures.

It is known that the Hüllmatse by adding hydrophobic To protect substances, e.g. stearates, from excessive water saturation. It is also known to be oxygen-releasing agents To add substances to the coating compound. That alone is enough but not under extreme germination conditions in order to ensure a sufficient supply of oxygen.

The invention is therefore based on the object of designing the cladding layer in such a way that gas is also exchanged improved under non-optimal conditions v, ird.

This is achieved according to the invention in that the Hüllschicht- consists of a brittle Hüllaasse, 5ie when the Q, evacuation pressure increases within the envelope bursts.

In the case of seeds, which themselves have strong oozing properties like that of a hadi seed, for example is the pail, this is achieved by ä-cJ. the outer

0098A1 / 07B3 - -

BATH ORIGINAL

The coating layer consists of a non-swelling coating compound · The non-swelling filling compound is expediently made of a Rock powder mixed with an irreversible water-soluble binding agent, such as * quartz powder, slate powder or the like, manufactured compartment wrapping the, Seed with this coating material, the seed is dried very slowly, in such a way, "that the seed and dry the envelope at the same time and thus shrink evenly. -

The irreversible setting of the binding agent used may only occur when the barn and the coating material penetrate Drying and shrinking the smallest diameter has reached.

The even and slow drying process will achieved in that the coated seeds to be dried are constantly moved in the drying air and the Drying process is frequently interrupted.

The binder for such a non-swelling encasing compound is preferably a synthetic resin binder, which is in aqueous solution is applied, but after drying it loses its solubility in water.

If such a seed gets into moist soil, or even only in increased humidity, then it takes

009841/0763 - 5 -

BATH

Seeds the moisture through the hull layer and begins to swell. The swelling causes an increase in volume. Since the coating mass cannot swell and is not elastic, it tears and ruptures. Through the cracks and gaps in the coating compound, a unimpeded gas exchange take place.

With small seeds (e.g. carrots, lettuce) that show only slight swelling and around them a thick coating must be laid, two layers are arranged around the seed.

The inner, usually only thin, envelope layer consists of one strongly swelling coating material and the outer one from a non-swelling coating material,

The inside, strongly swelling shell compound, which is supposed to increase the natural swelling of the seeds, can be made from ground, easily water-absorbing and swelling substances, such as peat flour, wood flour, spagnum flour or

finely crushed synthetic resin foam. These materials are provided with a reversibly swellable binder for the purpose of formability.

The binder for the strongly swelling coating compound is made from a slightly water-absorbing and swelling Substance such as polyprinyl alcohol, starch or a substance with similar characteristics.

009841/0783 ~ ⁶ ~

BATH ORIGINAL

Six gas-releasing substances, such as carbonates and acids, can also be contained in the strongly swelling coating material be introduced to the blasting effect when starting Increase the swelling process through gas formation. ·

One does not get on the strongly swelling inner covering layer swelling outer shell layers superimposed on it. This non-swelling coating layer consists of a non-swelling swelling inorganic coating material, such as rock flour or earth, with an irreversible water-soluble Resin binders are bound. Water glass or silicate binders can also be used,

Even with a seed with such a coating it is necessary that the drying process be very slow. The outer covering layer must match the inner The envelope layer shrinks evenly and must first become inelastic when the drying and shrinking of the seeds and the inner layer are complete »

In the case of smaller seeds with little swelling, the arrangement of these two coating layers ensures that the inner coating layer absorbs water and swells when stored in moist soil. ''

With the addition of gas-forming substances in this layer there are still gases that are released as a result of the swelling

009841/0763 'bad oronal

~ ⁷ ~ 1915042

Increase in volume of the inner envelope layer that occurs. By increasing the volume of the inner shell layer tears and bursts the outer shell layer "already a short time after the ingress of moisture a free gas exchange is achieved for the breathing semen.

The process of making a multilayer peeling Hüllaaeee can be used when coating seeds, but also with a combination of Granulating and coating.

The inner lightening coating layer can be a granulating compound be. In a second step, the outer coating layer is applied by coating the seed granules.

To understand the technical process of multi-layer coating of a To specify and monitor the seed grain, the invention also provides a different layer for each layer To give coloring. This is particularly important when the color of the seeds and the hull mass differ little.

It is known to add crop protection agents to seed envelopes. In the case of a multi-layer, differently water-soluble Enveloping compound, it is possible to use pesticides, which are subject to leaching and dilution in the soil, in the non-water-soluble coating compound layer to store.

009841/0763 g _: ■ " ^d *

BATH ORIGINAL example 1

Strongly swelling seeds, e.g. radish seeds, become provided with a casing layer which consists of a casing compound with the following composition ":

50 % by volume quartz melange or slate powder

3o % by volume foam powder with closed cells

18 % by volume foam powder with open cells

2% by volume binder e.g.

Polyvinyl acetate dispersion dry powder

The coating material is applied to the seed by alternately moistening the seed and dusting " with the coating mixture in the dragee kettle (in a Granulating device or the like).

Once the coating is complete, the process is very slow • Drying, in which the seed core and the covering layer have to dry out at the same time.

Example 2

A seed that does not swell, for example carrots, is covered with two layers. The first inner ■ durine shell layer consists of a swelling shell layer _f that has the following composition:

009841/0763 ^BÄD

65% wood flour

3o VoI ° / o foam powder having open cells

4% by volume bentonite VoI 1 ° / o strength

The outer coating layer consists of a coating compound with the following composition:

7o% / o quartz flour

27 % by volume foam powder with closed cells

3% by volume of binder dispersion powder, eg polyvinyl acetate dispersion dry powder.

The application of the first covering layer made of swelling materials takes place in a thin layer »Subsequently the second coating is applied.

Completion of the drageeing takes place a very slow drying, with the seed core, first and second coating layer need to dry out at the same time.

Expectations -

0098A1 / 0763 bad original

Claims (1)

19153 ^ 2 Expectations Λ.)) Coated seed, characterized in that the shell layer consists of a brittle shell compound exists, which bursts when the swelling pressure increases within the shell. 2.) Coated seeds, especially those that swell strongly Seed according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer covering layer consists of a non-swelling Enveloping compound consists. 3.) Covered seed according to claim 2, characterized in that that the non-swelling coating mass of dried rock powder mixed with a binder, such as e.g. quartz flour, slate flour or the like. 4-.) Covered seed according to claim 2, characterized in that the binder for the non-swelling coating material is a synthetic resin binder that loses its water solubility after drying. BATH ORIGINAL 009841/0763 COPY YES ^ "; ■ 5.) Covered seed according to claim 1, in particular little swelling seed, characterized in that two casing layers are arranged around the seed are, of which the inner from a strongly swelling encasing compound and the outer from a non-swelling Enveloping compound consists. 6.) Covered seed according to claim 5> characterized in that the strongly swelling, inner-lying envelope layer from ground, easily water-absorbing organic substances such as peat flour, wood flour or the like consists, which are provided with a binder for the purpose of the moldability of the Lass. 7.) Covered seed according to claim 5> characterized in that the strongly swelling shell with 3ase splits off Substances, e.g. carbonates. 8.) Covered seed according to claim 5 » characterized in that daii the binder for the strongly swelling coating from a swelling that also easily absorbs water Substance, e.g. polyvinyl alcohol, starch, eentcnit, consists. 009841/0763 9 #) Covered seed according to claim 5, characterized, that the strongly swelling shell compound contains a powdered synthetic resin foam 10.) Coated seed according to claim 1, characterized , that swelling and non-swelling shell layers are colored differently 11) Coated seed according to claim 1, characterized, that preferably in the non-swelling envelope pesticides that can be washed out are incorporated into the soil * 12) Process for the production of a coated seed grain according to claim 1, characterized in that the non-swelling coating material by moistening and dusting of the seed or the seeds with the coating compound mixture takes place in alternating work sequences, e.g. in the coating pan, whereupon the The seed is slowly dried 009841/0763 BAD ₀ RfGiNAL ft 13 ·) Process for the production of a coated seed grain naoh claim 5,. characterized, that first a layer of a swelling coating compound is applied by granulation, whereupon the outer coating layer made of a non-swelling coating compound is applied by coating whereupon the coated seed is slowly dried 009841/0763