DE1909503U - PRESSURE-ACTUATED CYLINDERS, IN PARTICULAR CONTROL CYLINDERS WITH FLOW AND FLOW SPEED CONTROL UNITS. - Google Patents

Description

Applicant: Pneumatic-Hydraulic Development Co. Inc. ========= C & 13th Streets, Fort Tfayne, Indiana / USA

Pressure fluid operated cylinder

The present innovation relates to a pressure medium operated Cylinder and relates in particular to an actuating cylinder with flow or actuating speed control members, which to a space-saving, interchangeable and complete device for adjustable control of a constant piston face are summarized. The innovation also relates to structural improvements of a cylinder actuated by pressure medium one or two piston rods, whereby the piston speed is regulated over the entire stroke length in both stroke directions.

Cylinders actuated by gases or other fluids are different in terms of drive force and displacement speed controlled. Such pressure medium controls include

- November 2 - November 12

normally the usual power-operated cylinder in connection with separate supply lines and separately connected Control members. As a result of this construction, the entire system not only takes what is needed by the printing cylinder itself Tree, but requires additional space for the separately arranged control members, usually in the form of valves of various kinds.

Systems in which the pressure cylinder with the usual piston rod side and end cylinder heads with external speed control valves is connected, have two pressure medium lines, each with the piston rod side and the end cylinder head are connected, as well as a reversing valve connected to the free ends of the pressure medium lines. A suitable source of pressure is connected to this valve. In this known system is in each pressure medium line in Row a speed control valve arranged. Such a one The system not only requires a considerable amount of trees, it also effectively extends the pressure medium lines In addition, these valve arrangements located outside the pressure cylinder are separated from one another, so that the pressure medium lines enclose a volume between the pressure cylinder and the valve arrangements which is in contact with the pressure cylinder itself.

- 3 - November 12, 1964

hey lies. This means that the piston in the pressure cylinder is not the only thing that acts on the piston itself contained a pressure medium amount, but also in the pressure medium lines between the pressure piston and the Velocity control valves enclosed amount of pressure medium.

The above considerations show that the known systems show disadvantages which in some cases are not accepted can be. The present innovation aims to overcome these disadvantages.

A pressure fluid-operated cylinder with two cylinder heads and a double-acting piston, the piston rod of which is replaced by a Cylinder head is passed through, is characterized according to the innovation in that in each cylinder head a pressure medium connection bore as well as two branch lines each starting from the same and opening into the relevant cylinder chamber are, which each have an adjustable flow control valve or a spring-loaded, a return flow from the relevant Cylinder chamber preventive check valve included.

In such, innovation according to pressure cylinders, the piston speed, the force acting on the piston and the

- 4 - November 12, 1964

Compressibility of the pressure medium is important. In a cylinder according to the invention, the piston speed is controlled by means of the flow resistance of a flow control valve or by means of the pressure drop within a needle valve. There were already in known systems within the valve arrangements located outside the pressure cylinder Needle valves used. However, precise control of the piston speed is not possible with these known systems possible, as the compressible, gaseous medium, such as, for example This air against which the piston works takes up a comparatively large volume, as described above. With small cylinder diameters or short working strokes, the volume in question must be kept as small as possible in order to be effective and reliable To get control of the piston speed. These advantages are achieved with the present innovation.

Further surprising advantages of the present innovation are as follows: The piston speed is precisely controlled. The on The force acting on the piston is also precisely controlled and kept constant. The disadvantages caused by compressibility are avoided. The space requirement of the entire cylinder with control members is much smaller than in known systems. These advantages of the innovation are due in particular to

- 5 - 12 November 196 '

that the speed and pressure control members within the fluid-actuated cylinder itself and are housed in detail within the cylinder heads. The presenters de innovation enables this construction by using pressure medium connection bores in the cylinder heads in the form of Blind holes, whereby the respective effective pressure medium volume is limited to the content of the respective cylinder chamber and from the each outer pressure medium lines is separated.

The innovation thus proposes a complete pressure medium actuated cylinder, with control valves and the cylinder as a unit forms and control not only the working speed of the piston according to the appropriate design, but also Allow the entire available power to act on the piston over the entire piston stroke.

Another aim of the innovation is the creation of a pressure medium-actuated cylinder, which enables precise control of the piston speed, the application of a constant working pressure on the piston, the reduction of the compressibility effects of the pressure medium and a reduction in the overall dimensions enables.

- β - November 12, 1964

Another aim of the innovation is to increase the length of the slide bearing of the piston rod when the slide bearing is in the piston rod-side cylinder head is arranged, while at the same time a precise control of the piston speed as well as the other above-mentioned operating parameters. After the innovation, you can see the entire thickness of the cylinder head in question to take advantage of the plain bearing.

A cylinder operated by pressure medium according to the innovation brings the difficulties mentioned to disappear. He also instructs Extraordinarily crowded construction.

In the case of the cylinder according to the invention, it also proves to be advantageous that the needle valve opens up if handled carelessly cannot detach from the relevant cylinder head. The needle valve has a rubber-like seal that does not only prevent leakage prevents the pressure medium, but also secures the needle valve against automatic adjustment.

A cylinder according to the innovation is simple, economical and safe to operate.

November 12, 1964

Details of a preferred spatial shape of the innovation emerge from the following description with reference to the accompanying drawings J. They represent:

Fig. 1 is an overall view of a cylinder according to the innovation,

Fig. 2 is an end view of the same,

Fig. 3 is a section along the line 3-3 in Fig. 2, Fig. 4 is a section along the line 4-4 in Fig. 1,

Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of the needle valve used,

6 shows a pressure medium control with an innovation according to the invention pressurized cylinder,

7 and 8 equivalent circuit diagrams of an arrangement according to FIG. 6,

9 shows an axial section through a cylinder head on the piston rod side, the cutting plane opposite

- November 8 - 12, 1964

is rotated 90 over FIG. 3, and

Fig.io is a partial section on an enlarged scale for explanation of details of the cylinder heads.

A pressurized medium-actuated cylinder with pneumatic or hydraulic drive comprises a cylinder 1o which contains a reciprocating piston 13 known per se. Each opposite end of the cylinder 1o are through cylinder heads 12 or 14 closed, and a piston rod 16 attached to the piston 13 extends through the cylinder head 14. The piston 13 divides the cylinder into two cylinder chambers 18 and 2o, so that a pressure medium pressure effective within the chamber 18 moves the piston 13 to the right in relation to FIG. 1, while a pressure medium pressure effective in the chamber 2o moves the piston 13 moves to the left.

The two cylinder heads are essentially constructed in the same way, the cylinder head 14, however, has a through opening 22 for receiving the piston rod 16. As a result, the description is the control valves of a cylinder head is sufficient.

The cylinder heads 12 and 14 are firmly placed on both end faces of the cylinder 1o, with four in the corners of the cylinder head

- 9 - 12 November 1]

14 screwed tie rods 24 are inserted into openings of the cylinder head 12. In the corresponding threaded holes in the Cylinder head 12 inserted end faces are screwed in clamping screws 26, whereby the two cylinder heads 12 and 14 by means of the tie rods 24 are clamped tightly on the cylinder 1o can.

The cylinder head 12 now described in detail initially has a blind hole 28 which extends from a side surface of the cylinder head and approximately through half the cylinder head pulls through. This blind hole crosses two from opposite sides Side surfaces 3o or 32 of the cylinder head, boreholes for connecting pieces 34 and 36, which are preferably coaxial are arranged, cross the foot of the blind hole and the same profile exhibit.

The connection stubs 34 and 36 are stepped, with the step 38 of the connecting piece 34, which has a larger diameter, connects to a step 4o with a smaller diameter, which a valve seat 42 forms. Correspondingly, the connecting piece 36 consists of a step 44 with a larger diameter and a step 46 with a smaller diameter, which forms a valve seat 48 at the transition point.

- 1o -

- 1ο - November 12th 1

The connecting piece 34 has a thread 5o on the end face, in which a threaded plug 52 is screwed in, the foot side a pan54. A ball valve 56 is means a helical compression spring 58 supported in the pan 54 is pressed resiliently in the sense of a seal against the valve seat 42. A branch line 6o connects the stage 38 with the cylinder chamber 18. The ball valve 56 is thus seated between the branch line 6o and that serving as a pressure medium connection bore Sackhole 28. The ball valve 56 serves as a check valve and prevents backflow of the pressure medium from the relevant Cylinder chamber.

The connecting stub 36 has a threaded section on the front side 62, in which a threaded plug 64 is inserted. The same has a central threaded hole 66, which a Valve threaded spindle 68 of a needle valve 7o receives. The needle valve 7o ends in a frustoconical valve head 72, which enters the step 46 with a smaller diameter and interacts with the valve seat 48 in the sense of a shut-off valve .

- 1oa - November 12, 1964

As can be seen in detail from FIG. 5, the loading valve carries 7o an annular collar 74 approximately halfway along the length, the outer diameter of which is essentially the same as the diameter of the step 44. A rubber-like O-ring seal 76 is attached between the valve head 72 and the annular collar 74 and rubbing against the shaft of the needle valve and the outer circumference of which rubbing against the inner wall of the step 44 is applied. As can be seen from Figure 3, is the needle valve 7o by the frictional action of the O-ring seal 76 secured against rotation, so that an unintentional loosening or adjustment of the needle valve within the threaded plug 64 is excluded. The O-ring seal is therefore unnecessary

11 - 12 February / f

the use of a lock nut at the front end of the threaded spindle 68, which is normally screwed onto the threaded end plug 64 would.

A branch line 87 connects the stage 44 to the cylinder chamber 18. The step 46 thus separates the cylinder chamber 18 from the pressure medium connection bore 28.

The needle valve 7o can by means of the valve screw spindle inside of the threaded plug 64 can be adjusted, wherein changes according to the flow area of the valve. Accordingly The amount of pressure medium flowing out of the cylinder chamber 18 via the branch line 78 into the pressure medium connection bore 28 can be used be measured. The O-ring seal 76 prevents leakage along the Uadelventiles 7o or the threaded plug 64.

The cylinder head 14 is similar to that previously described Cylinder head 12 constructed so that corresponding parts are provided with the same reference numerals. With reference to figure 4 it should be pointed out that the blind hole 8o corresponding to the blind hole 28 of the cylinder head 12 is less deep, so that two obliquely directed connection holes 84 the blind hole 8o with the Connect connecting pieces 4o and 46. With the exception of the storage of the

- November 12th - 12th

The cylinder head 14 resembles the piston rod as the rest of the cylinder head 12th

The two pressure medium connection bores 28 and 8o are as Saeklöeher and have each not directly, but via the branch lines 6o and 78 with the cylinder chambers 18 and 2o connection. According to Figure 6, pressure medium connection lines 86 and 88 are connected to the blind holes 28 and 8o, which their are connected to a reversing valve 9o, so that the pressure medium to the connection bore during a period segment 28, is passed to the connection hole 8o during the following period segment. By alternating If the pressure medium supply to the two connection bores is changed, the piston 13 is moved back and forth.

The connecting lines 86 and 88 consist of commercially available ears, elbows and couplings. The known Umsteuei valve 9o is preferably reversible by hand and regulates the pressure medium inflow and outflow of the pressure medium to and from the two cylinder chambers 18 and 2o. In one valve position, for example, compressed air flows into the cylinder chamber via line 86 18 and moves the piston 13 with respect to Figure 6 to the right, while at the same time compressed air from the cylinder chamber 2o the line 88 and the outlet opening 92 of the valve 9o flows off.

- 13 - 12 lovember

In the opposite position of the valve 9o the flow directions are reversed so that compressed air flows into the cylinder chamber 2o via the line 88 and moves the piston λ ^ to the left, while compressed air flows out of the cylinder chamber 18 via the line 86 and the outlet opening 92. Normally, the reversing valve 9o has a zero position in which both flow paths are blocked.

FIG. 8 shows an equivalent circuit diagram of the system shown in FIG. 6.

When operating the cylinder according to the invention, the loading valve is 7o lifted from the valve seat 48 so that a flow from the connection bore 28 into the cylinder chamber 18 is possible. The same thing applies to the needle valves in both cylinder heads. It is assumed that the pressure medium during a first Arbeitsabsehnittes flows into the connection hole 28 and that the cylinder chamber 2o is emptied via the connection hole 8ö. The pressure medium flows through the needle valve 72, the line 78 and also through the ball valve 56 and the line 6o into the cylinder chamber 18. As a result, the piston 13 is moved to the right and the air in the cylinder chamber 2o is compressed. As a result, the air contained in the cylinder chamber 2o becomes the line a

- 14 -

- 14 τ November 12, 1964, * /

AL

of the cylinder head 14 pressed. However, since the ball valve 56 is closed, can of course through the stage 4o no flow will occur. On the other hand, since the needle valve head 72 is lifted from the valve seat 48, the compressed air can through the branch line 78, the step 44, the step 46, the connection hole 84 and the Saekloch 8o flow out. The speed, with which the piston 13 moves towards the cylinder head 14, by adjusting the flow area between the Valve head 72 and the valve seat 48 are controlled, so that thereby the adjustment speed of the pressure cylinder according to the innovation can be regulated.

As soon as the piston 13 rests against the cylinder head 14 in its end position, the pressure medium inflow is reversed, so that the Pressure medium now flows into the connection bore 8o and flows out of the connection bore 28. This reversal leads to a Movement of the piston 13 towards the cylinder head 12, the valve head 72 in the cylinder head 12 the adjustment speed of the piston 13 is determined.

One can consequently set the adjustment speed of the piston for going and going to different values to different To meet working conditions.

- 15 - 12 November 1

The adjustment speed of the cylinder according to the innovation is normally adjusted during operation according to the connected equipment. are regulated according to the explanations given in the gate the loading valves 7o serve. The further the needle valves open the faster the piston will work until the needle valves are fully open. When a needle valve is complete is pulled out, the collar 74 is supported against the end face of the end plug 64 so that the needle valve cannot be completely unscrewed from the end plug 64. In the absence of the annular collar 74, the needle valve 7o completely unscrewed from the end plug 64, so that pressure medium flows out. This is a serious disadvantage with known needle valves, because it has been shown that the pressure medium flows out of the thread bore 66 so violently, that the needle valve can only be used again after the system has been completely switched off. If with known needle valves Without an annular collar, the valve spindle is unscrewed too far, the pressure medium pushes the needle valve completely out, usually losing the same. The collar 74 thus prevents unintentional removal or getting lost of the needle valve 7o.

- November 16 - 12, 196

According to Fig. 5, the O-ring seal is counteracted by the pressure medium pressed the annular collar 76, being supported against the valve stem and against the step wall. This will create the needle valve secured against rotation and held. As an innovation-like impression cylinder usually in connection with strong vibrating devices is used, this securing the needle valve against unintentional adjustment is very advantageous, so far the connecting pieces 34 and 36 have the same size and shape according to a preferred spatial shape of the innovation, you can Interchange the ball valve 56 and the needle valve 7o with one another without changing the mode of operation of the pressure medium cylinder. It is often desirable to swap these parts if the Installation conditions make a relocation of the needle valve to a certain side appear desirable.

The through opening 22 has a constant diameter over its entire length. For the plain bearing the complete one is available Thickness of the cylinder head available. This is a significant improvement over known devices with it, where the cylinder chambers are parallel via expanded bores are connected to the piston rod, as an additional length is then required for the storage, which increases the total length of the pressure cylinder is enlarged. The innovation serves the

- 17 - 12 November 11

Creation of a space-saving construction which, in addition to precise speed control, provides improved storage for the piston rod provides.

According to FIG. 9, a G-Ie it bearing with two G-guide bushings 17 and 19 is preferably arranged in the through opening 22, which are placed one behind the other with the interposition of a sealing ring 21 known per se. The sliding bushings 17 and 19 consist of a suitable bearing material such as sintered nylon. The sealing ring 21 tightly enclosing the piston rod 16 prevents the pressure medium from leaking out of the cylinder. The sealing ring 21 consists of a suitable material such as, for example wise g-ummi. The sealing ring 21 lies between the two sliding bushings 17 and 19 approximately in the middle between the end surfaces 23 and 25 of the cylinder head 14. Between the front end of the sliding bush 19 and an inwardly directed annular flange 29 of the cylinder head 14, a wiper ring 27 made of Teflon is inserted. As a result, the bearing arrangement is secured against shifting to the right within the cylinder head 14. The sliding bushes 17 and 19 are pressed into an enlarged opening 31 of the cylinder head 14 and inserted tightly. The piston rod 16 can thus go back and forth within the passage opening 22. The length of each sliding bush 17 and 19 corresponds approximately to that according to FIG

- 18 - 12 November 1

half the distance between the end faces 23 and 25.

The comparatively short blind hole 8o ends according to FIG. 9 shortly before the widened opening 31 and the through opening 22, thus the blind hole 8o is separated from the through opening 22. The only connection between the Saekloch 8o and the cylinder chamber 2o is made by branch lines 6o and 78,

6, 7 and 8 are used to compare pressure medium systems with an innovation according to the invention or a known pressure cylinder. In Fig. 6, the dashed lines represent the line connections in a system according to the prior art and the solid lines the line connections according to the innovation between the pressure cylinder and the reversing valve Fig. 7 shows an equivalent circuit diagram of a system according to the prior art, where the speed control valves are not are arranged within the cylinder blocks, but rather lie in series with the connecting lines. With the well-known Device, the cylinder heads are completely drilled through in a manner known per se, so that a connection between the Cylinder chambers 18 and 2o and the connecting lines 86 and receives. Rate control valves 94 and 96, respectively, are located

- November 19 - 12, 196

with the connecting lines 86a and 88a in series. It can be seen immediately that the volume of the connecting line piece between the valves 94 and 96 must be added to the volume of the cylinder chambers 18 and 2o, respectively, so that the full, can determine pressure medium volume acting on the piston. The larger this volume, the longer it is a piston of a certain size must be adjusted in order to obtain a counterpressure sufficient for the movement control. Conversely, the smaller this volume is, the greater the counter pressure is generated by the same piston stroke, which means there is greater resistance to movement. As a result, it is beneficial to have the control valves as close as possible to the cylinder chamber 18 and 2o, which is achieved to a large extent by the present innovation.

Assuming that the piston 13 is moved to the right, the full working pressure immediately becomes on the left surface of the piston 13 and remains the same during the entire stroke. This pressure does not change within a working phase. The outflowing pressure medium flows through the exit from the cylinder chamber 2o the needle valve. The flow rate through the needle valve controls directly and thus-

, a - 2o - November 12, 1964 "

continues the piston speed so that it remains the same regardless of the length of the piston stroke. The arrangement of the Control valves in the immediate vicinity of the cylinder chambers 18 and 2o ensures precise and uniform control, constant pressure on the piston and effective speed control.

Claims (1)

- November 21 - 12 S chui z claims Pressure fluid operated cylinder with two 'cylinder heads and one double-acting piston, the piston rod of which is guided through a cylinder head, characterized in that in each Cylinder head (12, 14) each one pressure medium connection hole (28.8o) as well as two branch lines (6o, 78) starting from the same and opening into the relevant cylinder chamber are provided, which each have an adjustable flow control valve or a spring-loaded, a return flow from the relevant cylinder chamber preventive check valve included. Pressure-actuated cylinder according to Claim 1, characterized by a sliding guide (22) for the piston rod (16) provided in a cylinder head (14). Pressure-operated cylinder according to Claim 2, characterized in that that the sliding guide Ϊ22) consists of two by one sealing ring (21) separate sliding bushes (17 and 19) and a scraper ring (27). "V / - 22 - 12. Lovember & f ^ 4. Pressure medium-actuated cylinder according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the pressure medium connection bore (28) is designed as a blind hole and that connection pieces (34, 36) for the branch lines (6o, 78) cross the blind hole (28). 5. Pressure medium-actuated cylinder according to claim 4, characterized in that the pressure medium connection bore (8o) of the cylinder head (14) leading the piston rod is designed as a shortened blind hole, tone which obliquely directed connection bores (84 extend to the relevant connection piece. 6. Pressure medium-actuated cylinder according to claim 4 and 5, characterized characterized in that each connection piece (for example 34) as stepped bore is formed, the inner step (4o) serves as a valve seat and the outer step has a threaded plug (52). 7. Pressure medium-actuated cylinder according to claim 6, characterized in that that the connecting pieces (34, 36) in each cylinder head (12) are designed symmetrically. - November 23 - 12 8. Pressure medium-actuated cylinder according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that in each one connection piece each Cylinder head a ball valve serving as a check valve is used, with a spring (58) for the valve ball (56) supports the threaded plug (52) in a pan (54). 9. Pressure medium-actuated cylinder according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the respective other connecting piece of each cylinder head contains a loading valve (7o), the valve threaded spindle of which (68) within a G-threaded bore (66) of the threaded plug (64) is adjustable. 1o. Pressure medium-actuated cylinder according to Claim 9, characterized through a collar (74) of the valve spindle (68), on which sict an O-ring (76) is supported, which seals against the wall of the step (44) of the connecting piece (36).