DE1900168A1 - Method of thickening OEl - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a method for thickening Oil by dispersing crystallizable olefin polymers in the oil, heating the dispersion to a temperature above 60 C and. Cooling the mixture formed to a thickened product. It is known to use liquid hydrocarbons, lubricating oils and other organic Low polarity liquids using olefin polymers can thicken. This thickening is usually done by heating a mixture of the polymer and the Oil achieved to a temperature at which the polymer in the oil completely dissolves and a gel structure

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The polymer is then formed in one or more Stages cooled to room temperature, at which one then a thickened or thickened semi-solid gel is obtained. In all of the previously known methods, it is necessary, the polymer-liquid mixture during a relatively extended period of time during the heating step and, in many cases, during the initial one Subject the cooling phase to a vigorous back and forth or stirring movement. This back and forth. Stirring motion is required to achieve an equal fc massive distribution of the polymer in the liquid phase to achieveβ

The known processes for producing thickened or »thickened oils are all hindered by the fact that up to the present time the olefin polymers were not available in the form of fine particles that could easily precipitate or dissolve in the oil. the known olefin polymers usually have the Form of particles of about 35 microns and larger. Occasionally it was possible to produce smaller particles, however, these were seldom smaller than about 5 to 10 microns, and these were also not in use. In the "Use of particles of this size result a whole series of problems for the current specialist

First of all, particles of this size cannot easily be to be solved «Among the. olefin polymers are difficult to achieve in any solvents at best conditions to solve. The large particles require relatively hard ones

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Time and temperature conditions in order to resolve to lay.

Another problem facing those skilled in the art is the difficulty of getting the dissolved polymer uniformly throughout the liquid phase to distribute. If these large polymer particles are completely penetrated by the solvent and swollen, then they are as a series of Beads of polymer solution visible through the entire liquid phase · are dispersed. Even if the polymer has a very low molecular weight, these "beads" of polymer solution are extremely viscous and the polymer is extremely high does not diffuse away from these beads easily enough to produce a homogeneous solution throughout to form liquid phase. If you want to achieve this uniform diffusion or distribution, so the aforementioned vigorous stirring treatment is to be used. This can take the form of a stirring treatment during the heating process or by grinding or circulating with the application of considerable shear at a slightly lower temperature during a later stage of the process. Often both will Techniques applied. In any case, this step is essential for the production of a uniform thickened or thickened composition required Significantly longer time.

According to the invention it has now been found that a Variety of oils much easier with olefin polymers

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can be thickened or thickened than was previously possible if the thickening polymer is initially in the form of very small particles. In particular, it was found that the need for a vigorous stirring or agitation treatment of the polymer-oil mixture during heating and during the Cooling or at any point in the thickening process can be omitted if, according to the invention, the Polymer initially in the form of a very small, colloidal one distributed particles or particles whose mean primary particle size is approximately 0.02 to 0.5

Microns, with at least 75 % of the particles in the range between 0.2 and 0.4 microns «"

The method according to the invention can be implemented with a large number of olefin polymers and copolymers of the required colloidal particle dimensions. These include homopt> polymeric propylene and copolymers from. Propylene, ethylene, butene-1, 3-methyl butene-1 _t 3-methyl pentene-1, h- methyl pentene-1 or styrene with. up to 25 56 of a second P ¹ C-olefin which has 2 to 20 carbon atoms fc, including ethylene, propylene, butene-1,

Pentene-1, 3-methyl butene-1, hexene-1, 4-methyl pentene-1, 3-methyl pentene-1, heptene-1 ,. Octene-1, decene-1, dodecene-1, tetradecene-1, hexadecene-1, 0otad "c" n-1, Eicoeen-1, styrene and alkyl "and halo-styrenes such as p-methyl-styrene and p -Chlorostyrene. The preferred polymers are homopolymeric propylene, block copolymers of propylene with up to 2 % ethylene, edge copolymers of propylene with up to 13 56 ethylene and edge copolymers of ethylene with about 5 to 1 ^ propylene.

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The better manageability of the process, be applied to the small according to the invention particles, there is partially due to the fact that small particles easier, ie _e are dissolved more rapidly than large particles "essential, however, is that the small particles uniformly throughout the liquid medium before dissolution and that they form smaller solution spheres for diffusion. Therefore, very little labor is required to achieve complete dispersion of the polymer throughout the liquid, even if the polymer is of a high molecular weight.

A further advantage of the method according to the invention is the stability of the thickened or thickened compositions of matter produced in this way. It was found that the thickened QeIe when using the previously known method during storage or standing time often liquid hydrocarbons are lost or eliminated. In many cases it could be up to 5% of the Fluid will be lost after overnight storage at room temperature. That undoubtedly touches from the fact that a complete distribution of the polymer within the entire solution is not achieved could be, which in turn could be attributed to the fact that the state of the art available large polymer particles were used. No matter what the reason for this, became found that the thickened or thickened compositions of matter, according to the invention

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Processes have been prepared, the aforementioned Do not have disadvantages. Even after storage during extended periods of time, such as a month or a long period of time, is little or almost no excretion or excretion of solvents.

Finally, a further advantage of the present process over the prior art can be seen in the fact that the degree of crystallinity of the olefin polymer is not critical. In certain known processes it has been found that hydrocarbons and other oils are released by means of highly crystalline olefin polymers and copolymers, ie. those which, on the basis of an X-ray examination, had a greater crystallinity than 25% , could not be effectively thickened. This is not the case with the method according to the present invention. Rather, polymers and copolymers can be significantly higher in crystallinity. to be used at 65 ^ or higher. In fact, the process according to the invention is preferably carried out with olefin polymers whose crystallinity is at least 45 56, since a greater crystallinity allows better thickening or thickening at lower concentrations of the polymer.

In describing the morphology of the olefin, the terms "crystalline ¹ * or" crystal be - nity "and" crystallized "used These terms have different meanings and are not fall below!

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to confuse each other. A crystallizable polymer is one that, due to its steric Configuration is able, under the appropriate conditions, for example when cooling a Melt to form a crystalline lattice. The olefin polymers used in the process according to the invention and copolymers contain a large proportion such crystallizable polymer and generally a minor proportion of an amorphous one Material that is unable to transform into a crystal lattice. In most cases it includes this amorphous fraction up to about $ 15 of the polymer Phase. In some cases, however, such as the treatment of greases and other lubricants may add an amount of amorphous polymer modified with components such as maleic acid to improve the affinity of the fat for metals. References to the percentage Crystallinity of the polymer refer to the Share of the total polymer that is bound together in crystal lattices.

With the method according to the invention, any liquid, the L has a solvency for olefin polymers at elevated temperature, thickened or thickened «Such liquids are among other things Hydrocarbons such as pentane, hexane, benzene, Petrol, kerosene or the like, mineral oil, lubricating oils and animal and vegetable oils of low polarity. All of these fluids are related with the present invention as. Called oils.

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Thickening or thickening of the oils can be accomplished by one or two mechanisms, apart from a physical thickening that is achieved by a high concentration of polymer particles is effected, In those cases where the heating at a temperature below the solution temperature of the polymer is carried out in the oil, the thickening occurs through flocculation of the particles, which occurs through swelling their surface and the resulting reduction in the stability of the dispersion is effected, P thickening by flocculation generally occurs

between about 60 ° C up to about 13O C »The .Products generated due to this technique generally have a pasty, paste-like or grease-like consistency, easy to deform under high voltage conditions without the occurrence of a break, the _f ie, · the product can be used as""stretchable" Their consistency is primarily a function of the concentration of the olefin polymer contained therein, the small particle size se of the polymer and the uniformity of the dispersion of the polymer within the entire liquid phase.

Alternatively, the encryption may or "thickening can be achieved by heating to a temperature which is above the required for the formation of a true solution temperature, for example between ⁰ and 170 I30 Cj This is followed by a cooling at. When this technique is used, stronger gels are formed that have a higher modulus. The consistency of these gels is from

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such that, in general, they cannot be seriously deformed without breaking. That is, these products are not "stretchable". The appearance as well as the properties of these gels depend on continue to depend on the type of cooling. Those gels that through a rapid cooling after the melting process are stiffer, more elastic and more transparent than those produced by a slow one Cooling arise »The stiffness and elasticity of the Gel is also a puncture of the polymer concentration and the molecular weight,

The with the inventive method or Thickened oils can be used in many ways. In a first embodiment mentioned above the method according to the invention can be used for this purpose, e.g. different types of lubricants, thickened fuels of the "cancellation *" type and vegetable or mineral oil pastes as starting materials for ointments or the like. to manufacture. The stiffer, according to a second embodiment of the invention Process generated gels can, for example, as. molded fuel charges in Rocket engines, as a carrier for flammable materials to ignite other materials, e.g. used by charcoal as well as oily release coatings on films, molded, self-lubricating bearings and films or coatings of normally fluid materials such as z «B. Insecticides, deodorants, disinfectants Substances or rust preventive agents

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As stated earlier, the critical feature of the invention resides in the application of the olefin polymer in the form of particles from the suhmicron range, the are colloidally dispersible, the particle size specifically is within the range of 0.02 to 0.5 microns. So far, such particles could cannot be produced because no method was known for their production. According to this Fact becomes in the following description a very useful method for the illustration of Particles of the necessary small particle size are disclosed. The invention is self-evident not limited to a method in which particles are produced in accordance with this method of illustration explained below rather, it is crucial that the particles are independent of their Manufacturing method are within the specified colloidal dimensional range.

The used in the inventive method, colloidally dispersible particles can, for example, according to a particular embodiment of the invention by polymerizing the desired µC -olefin or mixture thereof in the presence a colloidal dispersion of titanium trichloride, which is a catalyst in combination with a Contains aluminum-alkyl compound «For the preparation of the colloidal catalyst any titanium trichloride can be used, provided that there is only one, if any

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contains a small proportion of the, ^ form of titanium trichloride. A catalyst containing particularly active titanium triochloride is produced by reducing titanium tetrachloride with an aluminum alkyl, such as, for example, an alkyl-aluminum-sesqui-chloride, at low temperature and subsequent heat treatment of the precipitate obtained in this way. A colloidal dispersion of the trivalent titanium catalyst is then prepared by suspending it in any conventional inert hydrocarbon diluent such as n-heptane, kerosene, etc. A dialkyl aluminum halide such as diethyl aluminum is then added to this suspension -Halide ^ * TJläthylalmuniniuni-Chlorid or Diisobutylaluminum-Chlorid, in a molar ratio of about 0.1 to about 4.0 aluminum per titanium. Other catalysts can be used in conjunction with the titanium and aluminum components, such as Lewis bases, for example /. Anisole. There are then 3 to 40 moles per mole of titanium of a straight chain ^ -olefin containing at least six carbon atoms added. Examples of the OC-olefins which can be used for this purpose are: n-hexene-1, n-octene-1, Deoen-1, undecene-1 _f dodecene-1 and hexadecene -1. The polymerization of these long-chain o (.- olefins is generally carried out at medium temperatures, for example from about 30 ° C. to about 70 ° C. This process gives a colloidal suspension of the trivalent titanium-containing catalyst stored until needed.

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The propylene polymerization process is carried out by that to a suitable liquid organic solvent e.g. a saturated aliphatic cycloaliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon an aluminum alkyl activator such as di-ethyl aluminum chloride or ethylaluminium chloride alkoxide in an amount of about 5 to 10 mitlimol per liter of diluent is added. Examples of the usable diluent are » Hejcan, heptane, octane, oeoen, cyclohexane, benzene,

™ Toluene, xylene and mixtures of such hydrocarbons, such as kerosene, with high and low boiling points and other such petroleum fractions, chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons, highly inhibited aliphatic ^ esters, sulfides, etc., such as «di-t-butyl ester or aromatic esters, such as. Diphenyl ester. The colloidal dispersion of the trivalent titanium catalyst is then added and propylene is introduced at a very slow rate to gradually increase the pressure up to 4.25 ^a * or more, this pressure being fully maintained during the polymerization. To a

t lower molecular weight, if desired

generate., hydrogen can be added. Propylene polymerization is generally carried out at Temperatures'

carried out.

Temperatures from about 30 C to about 80 ° G

The copolymerization can be brought about by the desired mixture of the monomers in contact with the colloidal titanium trichloride catalyst in the presence of an aluminum alkyl activator

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is brought. In the case of highly reactive gaseous monomers such as ethylene and butene-1, the Copolymerization is best done using a suitable inert diluent carried out in the same manner as the propylene homopolymerization. The catalyst dispersion is poured into the reaction kettle containing the diluent and approximately Contains 5 to 10 millimoles per liter of activator, entered, The olefin gas mixture is then with a such speed introduced that the reaction kettle is slowly pressurized until the desired pressure value is reached and the feeder continues to maintain this pressure until the end of the copolymerization, just like in the case of propylene homopolymerization, The copolymerization is generally carried out at a temperature within the range of about 10% carried out up to 80 ° C.

When most of the monomer is one of the less reactive liquid olefins such as 3-methy1-butene-1, then the monomer itself can serve as the reaction medium, and the second olefin can either added periodically or continuously as the shape of the desired type of copolymer requires.

The length of time during which the polymerization is carried out depends on the desired solid content11 from or from, until the viscosity of the reaction mixture is too high for easy movement, both

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for example stirring action is. The polymerization is through. Addition of a small amount, for example 2 percent by volume of alcohol, e.g. n-butanol stopped «The catalyst residues are removed by, one of the known processes used for the purification of polyolefins e.g. by using Acid, water or a basic detergent, treatment with an ion exchange resin or other common means ,, The unique combination the properties of "x -olefin polymer and Copolymer particles which are used in the case of the invention The method used allows it to be used in a wide variety of liquid media suspend or disperse that β »kr Form stable dispersions.

Since that to be thickened with the method according to the invention Material will mostly be a normally liquid hydrocarbon, it is very much advantageous to the desired. Hydrocarbon as Apply polymerization agent. In this way A composition is formed that can be used in the procedure without further treatment.

It is far more practical to treat the polymer in a low boiling point hydrocarbon and then convert it into a liquid of higher boiling point to be thickened. Also in those cases where a copolymer is made using the monomer as a reaction diluent is prepared, it can be cheap

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One such monomer back-up survived, another To replace hydrocarbon, such a transfer is easy to do by adding the new liquid hydrocarbon to the suspension and then the original diluent under conditions is boiled out, in which the entire replacement liquid does not also evaporate.

As is customary in polyolefin technology, it can in many cases the polymer used in the thickening of oil according to the invention contain a stabilizer, to protect it against destruction by light and heat. For this purpose, any of the known heat and light stabilizers can be used. Since such stabilizers generally are common, no examples are given.

Of the following examples, example 1 serves to explain the preparation of homopolymer Propylene with colloidal particle dimensions, which is im inventive method is used. The catalyst preparation explained in Example 1 and the general polymerization procedure can apply to the other useful olefins and combinations of olefins can be used in the same way.

example 1

13k, 3 millimoles of isobutylaluminum sesquichloride as a 25% solution in n-heptane were placed in a nitrogen-filled reaction kettle equipped with a magnetic stir bar. after the

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Temperature had to be adjusted to 0 ° C., 80 millimoles were added to the stirred solution Titanium tetrachloride added. The mixture was stirred for four hours at 0 ° C, then with stirring during 16 hours warmed to room temperature, after which the Solution heated to 145 ° C. within an hour remained at this temperature for three hours and then inevitably cooled. Of the thin liquid reaction slurry was transferred under nitrogen to a centrifuge, which was

ft area of the floating part was separated and the

titanium trichloride-containing catalyst was washed three times with n-j-heptane under nitrogen, after which 120 millimoles of diisobutylaluminium chloride were added and the mixture stirred for a period of time Hour at room temperature. The precipitate was then separated and washed again three times with heptane.

A nitrogen-filled reaction kettle was filled with 100 milliliters of purified kerosene (boiling point range from 188 to 265 ° C) 0.5 millimoles Diethyl aluminum chloride and 2.5 millimoles of the vor ™ upright prepared catalyst filled. Of the

The kettle and the contents were warmed to ^ C, and 37 millimoles of octene-1 were added all at once, the mixture was kept at 55 ° C for one hour and shaken if necessary.

Xn the nitrogen-filled reaction vessel, the 900 milliliters of the kerosene described above

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10 millimoles of diethylaluminum chloride were added under nitrogen, and while the reactor and its contents were at 50 ° C., 120 ecm of oxygen were added and reacted for 15 minutes. The oxygen that was not consumed by the reaction, was removed by purging with nitrogen ₀ The prepared in the above manner colloidal dispersion of the titanium catalyst was pressed under nitrogen in the Reaktar. The pressure was then reduced to atmospheric nitrogen pressure. Propylene was then added to the reactor to expel or purge the nitrogen over a period of 15 minutes, after which the propylene ^{pressure was slowly increased to 2.5 a} *, this pressure was maintained until the end of the course of the reaction. Thirty minutes after the first addition of propylene, hydrogen was introduced to have 75 mol percent hydrogen in the vapor phase and this was maintained until the end of the course of the reaction. The propylene and hydrogen were entered during a total time of 3 ² 7 minutes, after which 20 milliliters of n-butanol were added and stirring of the mixture for 16 hours at 50 C was carried out. The entire polymer reaction mixture was then pressed into a flask containing 350 milliliters of a mixed bed of cationic and anionic ion exchange resins and the mixture was stirred for three hours at room temperature under nitrogen. The polymer dispersion was then filtered through a suitable tincture cloth filter filtered to remove the resin.

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The colloidal dispersion polypropylene thus obtained had a total solid content of 22 wt .-% of polymer, based on the weight of the dispersion, of which 5 'non-crystallisable hi ° decahydronaphthalene were "The polymer had a true viscosity of the 2,4O ₀ the mean particle size of the polypropylene was 0.2-0.3 microns and there was no noticeable number of contiguous clusters of particles that were larger than 1 micron in size.

The above example explains the preparation of a polymer with a true or intrinsic viscosity of 2 _t k “ However, the invention is not limited to polymers of this viscosity. The invention is also applicable to polymers that have a true or intrinsic viscosity of about 1.5 up to 20 and higher. It is readily apparent that the particular advantage achieved by the invention is realized to a greater extent when using polymers of high viscosity, since these form more viscous solutions. However, the benefit is realized to a not inconsiderable degree even when low molecular weight polymers are used.

The inventive method for thickening oil can with about 1 to 20 $ of the olefin polymer, based on the weight of the oil. In many applications, 5 to 10% polymer used.

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Example 2

A heptane dispersion of polypropylene (1095.3 parts), which has been prepared according to Example 1, and contained 23 »1 $ polypropylene of IV * 7.5 and had a mean primary part size of 0.4 microns, was given 141O, 5 parts of a SAE 20 lubricating oil base material mixed. Furthermore, a stabilizer solution in heptane, which was sufficient to give 0.5 phr of a phenolic antioxidant and 0.25 phr of a distearyl thxodipropionate, was added and mixed well by stirring. The heptane was stripped from the mass under vacuum at approximately 60 ° C. until the pressure was reduced to less than 1 mm Hg. The resulting dispersion contained 14.5% polymer and was a moderately viscous liquid. The polymer content was further reduced by 10 % by dilution with the lubricant oil base.

The dispersion prepared in this way was converted into a fat by placing it in a crucible a layer of about 12.7 now depth for one hour at 135 ° C and for one hour at 140 ° C followed by heating to 140 ° C under nitrogen in a kettle with stirring. Between 13s and 14O C the mass became very diok, although the polymer did not dissolve and retained the consistency of a soft fat on cooling «

* i.e. intrinsic viscosity

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Dais Fett was tested using the US Navy Gear Sprocket Test (Versuohs Standard Method 335-T PTM Std 791a) checked to see the lubricity properties below Determine loads of 2.27 and 4.54 kg. the The wear rate was 1.8 mg per 1000 cycles for the 2.27 kg load and 3.1 mg per 1000 cycles under the 4.54 kg load. Usable wear rates are a maximum of 2.5 or 3.5 ag per 1000cycles. From the above test results it can be seen that a good quality fat could be produced with the process according to the invention *

Example 3

To 340 parts of the fat according to Example 2 were. 20 parts of a 50% solution of maleic anhydride modified amorphous polypropylene (0.7 $ maleic) in the lubricating waste oil feedstock. These The mixture was stirred for four hours at 135 ° C. and then cooled to room temperature. In the Testing with the US Navy gear test was found that the amount of the Versohleieees-under 2.27 and 4.54 kg load was even less than in Example 2, i.e. 0.01 and 0.00 ag per 1000 cycles a load of 2.27 or 4.54 kg.

Example 4.

A 9 ± nm dispersion of kerosene was prepared containing 20 wt

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Had a viscosity of 8.5.

sion was heated to 130 G for about 15 minutes, until a clear solution was formed. This solution was left in the air at room temperature cool * As a result, a dry, elastic gel was obtained.

The gel could easily be struck with a match and burned with a steady, smokeless Flame ο The burn rate was relatively slow, making this product good as a replacement for conventional thickened fuels of the "Sterno» * type.

Example 5

The kerosene dispersion according to Example 4 was through Heating to 13O C for 15 minutes in a Solution converted. This solution was quenched by submerging the container in ice water. The resulting solidified gel was much stronger than the gel according to Example 31, but was still highly flammable. After this product was cut into appropriate sized cubes, it was found as useful for lighting charcoal or wood fires.

Example 6

According to the procedure of Example 1 was a heptene dispersion prepared, the $ 23.4 polypropylene an average particle size of 0.4 microns

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that contained a true or intrinsic viscosity of had about 11. This dispersion was with 0.5 ^ phenolic antioxidant and $ 0.25 Distearyl thiodipropionate stabilized, based on the weight of the polymer.

To 100 parts by weight of this dispersion was added HJ, 6 parts by weight of a refined Bauia wool seed oil commercially available as "Wesson Oil". The heptane was then removed under vacuum, so that a soft paste-like dispersion was 20 * £> PοIymergehalt possessed "This dispersion was then diluted with additional oil to obtain liquid dispersions of 1, 5» 1 ° and 15 $ polymer. These were then heated to 130 and 155 ° G. In each case a clear solution was not formed at 155 ° C, wherein I30 ⁰ C.

After cooling to room temperature, the thickened compositions of matter showed the following © types of appearance!

Manifestation

# Polymer 100 ° 155 ⁰

1 liquid dispersion thixotropic liquid

5 thixotropic liquid medium pastes " sweetness

10 very soft paste, solid paste or soft

gel

15 medium paste solid paste or gel

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Example 7

Following essentially the procedure of the Example, a heptane dispersion was prepared containing 18% of a crystallizable copolymer of 2 mole percent ethylene and 8 mole percent propylene, having a true or intrinsic viscosity of 10.2 and an average primary particle size se of about O, k microns. The copolymer particles were converted into a white mineral oil by adding 162 parts by weight of the mineral oil to 100 parts of the heptane dispersion, then the heptane was stripped off under vacuum at 50 ° C. The resulting dispersion of copolymer particles in mineral oil was high liquid dispersion.

The mineral oil dispersion was thickened by heating at about 135 C for 15 minutes, after which a slow cooling to room temperature took place. The resulting thickened composition had the consistency of a smooth fat, like petroleum jelly. Bs could easily be mixed with medication so that it was useful as an ointment base, or it could be used in the as-prepared form in those cases in which it is customary Petrolatum or petroleum jelly can be used.

Example 8

100 parts of a heptane dispersion, the 23.4 ^ polypropylene 0.3 micron particle size and one intrinsic viscosity of 11 were used with

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76.6 parts of the base oil used in Example 2 diluted. A heptane solution of a stabilizer was added sufficient to make 0.5 part of a phenolic antioxidant and there was 0.75 distearyl thiodipropionate per 100 parts of the Polymers added. The heptane was removed under vacuum at 50 C, leaving a thick paste-like Dispersion yielded about $ 23 polymer contained.

Samples of the above dispersion were heated in an oil bath for JO minutes at different temperatures and then cooled to room temperature. The consistency of the digested compositions was as follows

Temperature ° C Frequency

100 soft paste

115 medium paste

130 solid paste

145 solid gel

Only the sample heated to 145 ° C. gave a clear one Solution in heating. The other samples retained the milky appearance of the initial dispersion, until they gave the aforementioned pastes on cooling. These pastes were easy to process without too brecteiiä while this was not the case with the gel.

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Claims (5)

Patent claims 1. Process for thickening oil by dispersing it crystallizable olefin polymers in oil, heating the dispersion to a temperature above 60 ° C and cooling of the mixture formed a thickened product, characterized in that the polymer is initially in the form of very small, colloidally distributed particles is present, the mean primary particle size of which is about 0.02 to 0.5 microns with at least 75 # of the Particles range from 0.2 to 0.4 microns. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the dispersion is heated to 130 to 170 ° C and from this increased temperature to ambient or room temperature is cooled. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that that a crystallizable olefin polymer made from polypropylene, copolymers of propylene and up to 25 / & ethylene and copolymers of ethylene with 5 to $ 13 propylene is used. 4. The method according to claim 1, 2 or 3t, characterized in that 1 to 20 wt. ~% Polymer, based on the weight of the oil, are used. 5. The method according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that that a lubricant base oil or a mineral oil is used as the oil. 909831/1334