DE1899889U - DEVICE FOR PERFORMING ELECTROLYTIC METAL Erosion. - Google Patents

Description

Our sign G- 975

Device for carrying out an electrolytic

Metal erosion.

The invention "relates to devices used for Carrying out electrolytic metal erosion can be used and in particular on an electrically conductive Cutting wheel.

Am electrolytic erosion process is in the way carried out that a negatively charged or cathodic tool adjacent to an anodic workpiece, angeord- ■ is net, and that in the presence of a suitable electrolyte .between the tool and "the workpiece a current of high density is passed through. The current causes the workpiece or the anode to be removed,

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whereby

this ATd carrying s ν or gang the sheet metal plating process is equivalent, with the exception that the electrolyte is chosen to be that of the workpiece to precipitate removed metal ion in such a way that this ion is not deposited on the cathode. One Rotation of the cathodic tool "rubs" the. processed surface and removes any anti-corrosion film, which is left behind as a product of electrolysis. . .- ■ ■. .

The cathodic tools generally used for electrolytic machining are either solid metal tools with an abrasive attached to them or impregnated., - "." porous tools · The impregnation process that commonly used to be impregnated, porous Making metal tools involves placing the tools in a chamber, evacuating the chamber, filling the chamber with a conductive composition and pressurizing the chamber to press the solution into the pores of the tool. Other impregnation methods include the continuous one Passing a conductive composition through the tools using pressure. Each of these

procedure

"Procedure" requires relatively carefully trained Devices and for every process are - .. in order to achieve a good impregnation, a considerable «- rather time required ^ a considerable expense and a lot of effort.

When processing materials such as " Metals, and especially when machining -. Metals, the so-called ultra-high strengths and ultra-heat resistances and which are commonly referred to as super alloys is still an example very often belt grinding and hand deburring required to remove the strong burrs, those through the initial machining operations such as Grinding or cutting, - are produced -

Ss is accordingly to create an object of the invention to provide a double acting tool, which mechanically you material lifts a workpiece and which additionally deburred.-In one operation, the resulting product. . \

It is another object of the invention to provide an electrical Tool for fast - mechanical and ..electrolytic

editing

To create machining at what low cost and easy manufacturing combined with high quality. -. ''. . .

It is another object of the invention to provide an electrically conductive tool for use in electrolytic To create operations in which the advantages of finishing operations are electrolytic erosion. with the machining advantages of mechanical erosion are combined. . . . -

Another object of the invention is to prevent the use of impermeable, non-conductive tools in. to enable an electrolytic machining process. . ^: -

The invention is intended with reference to the figures of Drawing will be explained. It s own

FIG. 1 is a schematic sketch of a processing device, which has a cutting wheel made according to the invention,

Fig. 2 is a sectional view of Sohneidrades according to the invention and, - ^-,:

Fig. 3 is a partially sectioned view in which. Parts are shown in side view, one, Senneidrades and an electrolyte feed.

According to one embodiment, "a standard cutting wheel is treated in such a way that it is converted into a double-acting cathodic tool which can be used in an electrolytic machining process. _ -'__ '

Dae Had is on a surface with an electric conductive material coated and then heat treated, to create an electrically conductive layer that is bonded to the wheel surface »The abrasive circumference of the wheel causes mechanical material removal of an electrically conductive workpiece, while the electrically conductive surface is the generated burrs removed by electrolytic erosion of these ridges * '

How! Ig. 1 shows, a cutting wheel 1 designed according to the invention is provided to cut a workpiece · 2 to edit or cut by means of a device shown schematically .. The wheel 1 is on a suitable support and actuation device 3 mounted,

whereby

This device 3 "has devices for moving the wheel 1 back and forth in the longitudinal direction with respect to the workpiece 2 and for moving the wheel 1 transversely with respect to" ... over the workpiece 2. The mechanism also has means for rotating the wheel at a speed which can be varied in accordance with the particular sonic cultivation that is being performed. The means for controlling the rotation and the speed of rotation can be of any known type and are not described since they do not form part of the invention.

The workpiece 2 is on a conductive holder 4 mounted electrically via a line 5 as an anode is connected to the positive side of a green current source β. A second line 7 connects the negative Side of the direct current source 6 with the wheel 1, whereby im electrolytic - ^ rice the wheel to a cathodic see Tool will. . .

A lead electrolyte storage container 8 is supplied via lines 9 between the wheel 1 and the workpiece 2, a electrolyte fed. A suitable electrolyte collection, container 4a and additional lines 10, which with the

- ^r _ collecting container

Collecting containers 4a are connected, are provided to the electrolyte through a filter 11 to a pump 12, from where the electrolyte is returned to the Reservoir 8 is returned. .

Is a standard grinding wheel used which, like shown in Fig. 2, a resin-bonded grinding »- or Cutting wheel is which.a grinding surface 14 on « shows. As a resin-bonded bike usually not is porous, a porous wheel is preferred because such a wheel enables the electrolyte to be conducted to the work surface through the interior of the wheel pores. However, a non-porous wheel can also be used. At least one of the two sides or surfaces 15, 16 of the wheel 1 is coated with a mixture, which is an electrically conductive material and a carrier for that material. A preferred composition is one in which finely divided jfflber or silver oxide in a suitable one Suspended carrier, which is usually a resinous or ceramic linder and a liquid diluent such as toluene, .Terpentine or trichlorethylene. The mixture can be such

be.

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as it is commonly called: electrically conductive ink or color and how it is printed circles is used, such as the color described in U.S. Patent 2,851,380 is.

The term "electrically conductive material" includes. Materials that are electrically conductive by nature and also materials that can be made electrically conductive, for example by heating to evaporate or to: decompose the carrier or to reduce an oxide to a free metal. Of the. expression "Electrically conductive" refers to the condition of the material or the ink or the paint when the work- » the tool is ready to use.

Subsequent to the brushing or coating of the cutting wheel 1 with the composition, the wheel is heat-treated or hardened, the particular treatment method being determined by the particular binder used in the coating. The length of time required for the Proper curing is required depends on the particular composition that is used and γοη the temperature at which the

Hardening

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Hardening is carried out. For example, it has been found that an advantageous solution which is "used with a resin-bonded wheel is that which is commercially available under the name" du Pont Silver Ink Ιο. 5815 ". This solution requires a hardening time of about 10 minutes if the hardening is ^{carried out at 428 ° E 1} or a hardening time / of. about 10 hours if the heat treatment takes place at 120 1 ^: - A particular advantage of using silver as an electrical carrier for the cathode in the invention is that any silver oxide generated during processing is in is easily removed by heating the cathodic tool to reduce the oxide to metallic silver. In addition, silver oxide is itself an electrical conductor. Although silver is preferred, "the most conductive metal can be used" -. . . ' . -. - "■

After the production of the coating and after hardening, the cutting wheel has a cutting or grinding circumferential surface 14 (I ¹ Ig. 2) and at least one surface 15 which carries a layer of an electrically conductive material 17 which is connected to this surface is.

To make the circle between the cathodic tool and the ano * To close the workpiece, an electrolyte is fed between these parts. In the lall of a "" porous cutting wheel can the electrolyte are supplied to the Eadnabe 20 and pressed through the porous Ead 21 by centrifugal force be that on the. :

■■■: ".. electrolytes

Electrolyte acts through the rotation of the wheel. In Tig. -3 a porous wheel 21 is shown, which a layer 22 of an electrically conductive material 23 on a Has side face. This lad 21 is on a metallic Mount 24 mounted, which has an annular flange 25 against which the wheel 21 rests ".." A hollow Threaded socket 27, which is connected to the bracket 24.ein The whole forms, extends through an opening 28 in the wheel and on this socket is a nut 29 screwed on, which the wheel against the ring flange 25 presses and which holds the wheel on the hat 27. the Bracket 24 also receives a drive shaft 30 which is connected to a motor (not shown) to to turn the wheel at the correct speed for machining. The bracket is on the shaft 30-means a screw 31 "fastened." Electric current is fed to the wheel 21 via a brush 32, which is in con- * clock with the surface of the bracket 24 is kept.

A number of openings 35 extend through the nozzle

27 / with the supplied from the storage container 8 via line-9 Electrolyte can enter the porous wheel 21. The wheel is provided with an annular recess 36,

see, which serves as a receiving space for the electrolyte, And the electrolyte then flows out of the recess 36 through the pores of the wheel to the outside to the wheel sides and towards the wheel circumference. The electrolyte should be delivered at about the same rate as the this from the property or from the center of the wheel by the centrifugal effect of the rotating wheel is continued. Because the pores are uniform through the whole Wheel 21 are distributed therethrough, the electrolyte becomes uniform across the cross-section of the wheel distributed, with the electrolyte also serving as a coolant.

If the cutting wheel is impermeable, the electrolyte can be introduced between the wheel and the workpiece through a suitably arranged nozzle ..

The electrolyte can be a suitable solution that can cause effective electrolytic erosion of a. Workpiece he * - leaves. An example of a suitable electrolyte is an aqueous solution of sodium chloride and boric acid or called nitric acid fatron. Preferably can the electrolyte contain a reactant, which

themselves

combines with the metal ions that come from the workpiece are raised to a bodice or a precipitate that prevents the metal from being deposited on the cathodic wheel. The special Reactants, or the special reactants that used depend in part on the metals of the alloy being machined. When the alloy contains mainly iron, sodium formate can advantageously be used as a reactant * The ablated metal ions can be eliminated from the solution, either by the electrolyte - is passed through a precipitation tank or by an iron separator. Drjgr filter 11, through which the used electrolyte is passed through provided to ensure, that the electrolytic solution is free of solids that otherwise "tend to" were to clog the spaces of the porous cutting wheel. . .

During operation, the machining or cutting process is mainly carried out by the mechanical Grinding effect of the sole if the circumference of the wheel. which is in working engagement with the workpiece 2.

The.

The machining carried out by the grinding surface but leaves burrs along the length of the cutting line, which are normally followed by tape, grinding and manual deburring required to remove this G-rate. By the invention these ridges through a cooperation between the conductive wheel surface or the performing wheel surfaces and the metallic burrs. electrolytic removed, whereby a burr-free finish is achieved. The cutting and deburring will be essentially carried out during the same machining process, which eliminates the need for additional work Processing is switched off «

Although the invention has been described with reference to a double-acting cutting wheel, it should be noted that the invention also applies to other tools, such as. for example with grinding wheels or saw blades, Can apply. Although in the above one. the end A resin-bonded wheel has been described, it should be noted that any commercially available cutting or machining wheel will be used can. Consists of a resin-bonded material

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Baths are "with the sdineidenden or aTDlieTDenden Bear * ·. ' Lead is preferred because it is less expensive than metal-bonded baths and because it can be made much thinner than ceramic-bonded cutting wheels.

Protection claims

Claims (2)

RA.481509 * -S.?. Sl -VV: -protection claims .. 1. Double-acting cathodic tool for one electrolytic erosion of an 'electrically conductive workpiece, characterized in that a non conductive part one abrasive perimeter and two., "Has adjacent surfaces that at least one of the surfaces is coated with an electrically conductive material, so that the material from the workpiece is removed by engagement of the abrasive surface, and that the resulting G-rate by electrolytic erosion caused by the coated surface. 2. Tool according to claim 1,. Characterized, that the tool is penetrated by pores, which together form a conduit system for a slectrolyte through the Form tool towards the circumference.