DE1813017A1 - Method and device for the elysis of metallic materials - Google Patents

Description

PATENT LAWYERS 1 ft 1 ^ Ω 1 7

il IIR. . . AT

7 STUTTGART 1 Neckarstrasse 50

November 25, 1968 / Ψ &

Änmeldarin; Company Srauert Kü., 7141 Enzweihingen,

¥ aihinger Str. J> 8

L1LS22

Tsrfahren and Torrishtung zum Elysis of metallic materials

Until the invention relates to a method and a forriehtung for Elyaisr ^ n '/ on nsetallisahen materials with the help of one of a tool electrode through which an electrolyte flows,

When elysing metallic materials, high amperage and a relatively high electrolyte concentration are used. Sodium chloride is preferred as the electrolyte because it allows the electrode to move at high speed. An unpleasant phenomenon during elysation is pitting, which occurs to a considerable extent even with stainless steels. This phenomenon is essentially due to intergranular corrosion as a result of inhomogeneous material alloys and the effects of stray fields on the electrode. Workpieces that are long over a long period are particularly at risk of pitting corrosion

009826/0846

Telephone 29 40 07 ■ Poetecheckkonto Stuttoart 42Ο3Ο ■ Dresdner Bank Account 12818 Patent Code

A 11 918/19. - 2 -

Tent in the llysler bath for about several hours. Waist for example -tine scoop one made by elysing ten turbine blade wheel © in Losh formed by corrosion on, the had is practically worthless »

In order to verineidon the formation of LoehfraS, one has now switched to working with chlorine-free electrolytes, for example with sodium nitrate or mixtures based on nitrates. This "electrolytes have the disadvantage _f AEAI leei Ihrei ³ using only erhebileh lower ¥ o? Sehubges @ hwindigkelten for EXsktr ©«! ® mSgiieh slndL It has mmh Button versusht ^ dig legiepiing d ^^ Mävlcstilek® uöglistefe li © siog @ n aasssisbiMeK ^ um hiiferdür- @ h dia inttfkristalline lorrosieiu Si ^ sa ll®ia®ntbilir «

Ko ^ / i'Ci ^ iöit [iareii! ijtrsur-äldJinfltissö, aM @ ^ # ia ^; ; l'iii siM dis T @ r ferry evü, - ^ «rs ^^ ii ^ iig ι? 3Ώ allgliaaa ^ tiosieisasE M-gi * kitoffl @ - £ ί * ϊΓ · ϊ» ι§ ^; ΐ sahr awfwsEöig, Ιίϊΐ solsties ψ erf alir @ n ' insists that ciie L ^ gieryngsn, auö d ^ n @ n aas Mesicsifelek gigf ^ yfeigis v w be previously in ? akuum gesefinolzsn .

Durek the invention is to be created © la wi ^ fcsGh & ffcli & ibigifc, fmiM ^ om " bsi d" m Loehfraß ^ ermied "n, as well as a ¥ © wieMsi! Sig for this

The method according to the invention consists in the elysation essentially only the places on the workpiece iie from d®r Electrod © is fully exposed to the electrolyte are, whereas the other parts of the workpiece are * in particular

009826 / 0B46

"^{Γ; ι} " 1 ""! BjI S! '! Ύ. '''Ti ¹ !

already processed areas, by mechanical and possibly electrical © shielding against undesired * !? Corrosion protected will. Β «1ει Elysize the electrolyte with high Pressure exerted by the electrode against the workpiece. By So far, the electrolyte has splashed into all places of the workpiece and promoted corrosion there through element formation. As a result of stray field influences and good conductivity wild currents of the electrolyte reached them too Place the workpiece connected to the anode, which the electric » de niiht was directly opposite. At these points was through the wild stream in an uncontrolled and undesirable way Material removed. When proceeding according to the invention the positions of the workpiece that are not detected by the electrode are shielded from the electrolyte flow. become early the wild currents intercepted, but at least diverted so far that that their © effect is considerably reduced. This will even when sodium chloride is used as the electrolyte, there is corrosion, both that due to the formation of elements as well as the corrosion caused by the stray field influences, avoided.

a preferred embodiment of the invention Process in which the workpiece is applied several times the electrode is processed at different points, in particular special when processing from one piece with the rotor formed turbine blades, becomes the area to be treated only shortly before the electrode is attached to the shield

009826/0846

and the possibly zuwqt machined® St © ils

Im away immediately

Is "dureh di <edited 3 electrode in Wsrkstüsk at various" places, then Al® bireits machined surfaces to d © m ZeltfjinM ', ^i:; i clera si © xou of Absehiramng · © rfaBt be wetted nit u% m electrolytes in general. A sol @ you benefit
des We24; gtü'3! "3 disreh den Il ^ ktrolytsn can also vorkosui ^ n, if the shielding is not continuous! line hierdursh raög °

ψ lent low kerrcsion can be reduced with Yorteil as a result

be "that DIE" fcgesebirmten points are preferably "iurefo spraying you Wass © s * ds" IPF, purified from the electrolyte, the water vapor condenses on the cooler workpiece diluted electrolyte vnü flushed from these simultaneously% rom workpiece. ®In® passivation of the shielded points is also preferred, which is preferably done by shielding
Place, inst ^ sonde ^ e by spraying on a passivation »
using, rait ®in < äm Sehutfilm. One solshe

^ PassivieiHing takes place expediently in connection with di @ cleaning. Passivation ν, ηά protection can also alternate
be presented ^ mrs ^ n. Should © in® with ä @ m protective film from the
Passivation jsailtt ©! provided position © of the workpiece from d © x *
Electrode w ^ rdsn, then the protective film is rinsed off by d @ n with high pressure impinging electrolyte, so that
the previously protected site can be elysed in the usual way
can. Passive gowns are mainly those that cannot be seen with the electrolyte, especially oil. Will

009826/0846

A 11 918/19 ~ 5 -

a £ 5 "ehca Püosiviemmgstxi fctsX applied in excess, then vs praanf.t, 93 i'iöh swap first with the electrolyte, it can from s? vv fi-oi * return the electrolyte to the electrode easily from ü ^ .iiii ^ - n wiMer be cut off.

DJ.® device for carrying out the method according to the invention is core-leaned by a sheathing that is removed from the housing® of the workpiece to be processed by the electrode. Diisfiffisraantlung mechanically keeps the electrolyte flow out of the workpiece. The sheathing preferably consists of a conductive material, in particular metal, and is conductively connected to the workpiece. In this case, related wild stream end of the Ejiiktrode outgoing, dursh stray field influences on metallisehen to * jacket, even the 1st as the workpiece positive polarity. Is can -ut $ k isfHrdert be this is still the fact that for the Uii-rsantolung a metal used, the less ^noble; therefore η currents srfolgt to the jacket, not the W3r'Li: - A elektrolytiseher attack by the ^ π1Ίύ "! is used as the material of the workpiece.

In one embodiment of the device according to the invention, the casing has injection openings directed towards the shielded workpiece parts, for example simple bores, which are connected on the outside of the casing to a supply line for cleaning agents and / or passivating agents. These means can through these injection openings

009826/0846

BAl ORIGINAL

Until IJismni ^ lvng ia ^:> ! lsi & llg <§fi®iii © 2ii itgte »t <§ilig aueg @ bildafe _e H

i'§: iöiife'irfc. Bsi ElysisrTOi'riöiitiiiig'gft ,, sii® Susi Btärti'keii won Wei? Kstück @ n an ¥ ^ rsshi «? D © n © n places g

der Elaktroäe gseigßet S! ini ₅ §iad ut © Ιίβιι®teil isa Bssug on di ^; 9 M @ i? Li £ s @ i! G'3lektFOfi @ ¥ oi? Gug§ii <iiii © f @ stst © fe @ Ei lala das t? © pk = in dsr! Jr »Msant © lwng ve ^ sshiebbar hzw . ©! ^ ©! Ibai "angeorön" tt.

The arrangement of the Uemmnteluns is © ija @ dsr bsikamifegfi Elygi © rvorylöhfeyng @ si, i

from fMtafl! ä ₃

ed * B @ i Qin ^ s ¹ fe ^ special VG ^ t ^ ilhaft® ^ I «sbiMiin.g äer © r fincluijgsg ^ üälgsn föi * ri © life« ng lies the
ira 8ί * ίίί · ί! ί iVss »di-tr IJgFlcaeia

t,] 3'3lep: Itlswsiat yntes "© ines ⁹ low ¥ oi? gpaoiaung, an gS'f training" IM vss ° hino @ 5? t, iaS an ä © n Hlndefn

penetrate canoe. ÄsieiWii ^ iiss is; @fi in case © d @ i ³ use © ints cleaning and / odos * passivating agentSi, if there is a slight puck inside the sheathing, it is possible for those to get through the diohfeflotiea to aufi @ n. Such a ventilator also prevents the electrolyte from getting into the coating. Further openings can be provided at similar locations where the sales unit is clamped.

009826/0846

Bel #lner excursions of the invention are on the verge of the We? Kzeugelektud§ facing recess of the casing this adjacent, movable control elements, in particular? Slider, provided. Such sealing elements are bssondsrs advantageous when the workpiece has an irregular surface. This is the case, for example, when, for example with Elysizing of turbine blades, by the electrode indentations or recesses are worked into the workpiece. Dioh « processing elements which are located in the vicinity of the tool electrode are advantageously made of anodically resistant material Material, in particular made of precious metals. This prevents them from being subjected to increased electrolytic attack were quickly pre-used.

A tool electrode has always been used in the foregoing. However, the invention is suitable in the same way * and without significant changes also for elysing using several tool electrodes. Other features of the Invention emerge from the following description of embodiments of the invention in conjunction with the drawing and the claims. The individual characteristics can each be realized individually or in groups in one embodiment of the invention.

Xn the drawing show:

Flg. 1 a workpiece surrounded by a casing in a perspective view,

009826/0846

Fig «2 is a front view of the
naeii Fig. 1 and

Fig. 3 shows a sotoifet along line III ~ III near Fig. Ί _f

Bsi Ausftitoungsfora shown in d®r gsishnung after Irfindung actual © in flat major? H !! y © i © r @ n gum to be processed turbines · = ^ ¹ schaufelra3 Sehuts © against corrosion during d 's llysi © on einop as ! Mmaatsiiing g ά1 @ η ^ πίΙ © η ring comb ^ r from im ^ hmit Dl? S *> tetstflit from zw®i Malbringkamrasrn 3 and di® an -Sinti ¹ Ssit-s- iia @ ii Ai »t © in§s Kr @ isaussehnitt @ s © in @ Aws «n'ehraung 5 mltfdTi & na ^ w form. Dl © Ausnftaung 5 ls ^f ß sIr-bip in drawing not- f! Erg @ gtnllt @ a Mgfkseiigel ^ ktFed © applied. Up to Weife © the alignment corresponds to & m Auisnusifang dtr Hf.n ^ kBmjmr <? About twice the distance between two blades 6 of the door leaf, ε © (let the shape © insr blade duroh Elysieren dl © already completed @ n blades, for example, part 7 on the outside of the turbine wheel ^ 1, from which the nosh blades are made, but are kept in mind by the casing 2. By one in d ^ p middle <3§p casing 2 left free © opening 8 enters dsl "Hab · *? 9 of the paddle wheel hinduih" In the Bereleh the hub 9 lies the inner edges 10 and 11 of the uranium pad 2 in the lower part of the paddle wheel 1 in. This is 2 © letetrisch! © itend verbundsn with the impeller the Umraanttlung. the outer surfaces 12 d @ r sheath 2 are dtm Außenr ^a "d 15 d © a to be processed Fux * am © nrades 1 and the outer edges of already formed blades 6 with little play.

009 82 6/0846

A 11 918/19. 9 -

Instruct flan adjacent ils Aiisnshmung 5 edges 15 and 16 ά> ί / u> lh? IngK (kvm®m 3 and 4, two substantially radially displaceable in · Mohfnmg slides 17 and 18 as lateral Dichtüngaelirsfmtei ouf. DI® shifters are the The curvature of the blade is approximately unpissed and in "properly repaired" the appropriately shaped casing 2. In the cream, the slide 17 is at the top, the slide 18, on the other hand, pulled out Made of an anodically resistant metal, such as platinum, fitan, tantalum or an iron resistant coating, and serve to protect the fully formed blades adjoining the recess 5.

Di iHalfes'ingkae © ^ n 3 and 4 are * ü% v AuSenfläehe sided 12 at its top and bottom in dIfr JtUih 'with <siner plurality of bores 19 ±% & outside sheathing d @ r 2 In annular ZufUhrlfei & ung © n 20 and 21 open for cleaning and passivating agents. The turbine blade wheel 1 is held at its hub 9 by a rotatable clamping device (not shown in the drawing) and is rotatable in the stationary casing 2.

To carry out the method according to the invention, the two half-ring chambers 3 and 4 over a prepared blank for a turbine impeller Ubergesohoben and fastened together. The two slides 17 and 18 remain pulled out. The turbine wheel to be elysed is clamped and the sheathing formed by the half-length channels

009826/0846

BAO ORIGINAL

A 11 918/19 = 10 -

tion at the Elysier ^ orriehtusg stationary 1b © f astigt. A® radial on the Xäiifiri ^ & ö sag ^ ftlbif ^ t wi ^: ä ~ ^; aa © iris «Elektecdytaa 'dta ^ä <s! i ° flows © Merkzeugelt-ktiOa-fj bojsyt siQsa wom Äuienieifaiig barrel * in free of ice« · recess? ii * @ lgfdtigs®n®n Absehnifet' ct © s under Bildwug © im-r fai ^ iaa ^ stya ^ ftl 6 ^ jUi ₀ Elsis des ⁵ 'S'urbinensöhauf ©! becomes di® Elekt ^ Qd © wieä # r zm ^ä ü © kg @ sog © n, whereupon iass wheel by the angle between zwbI fw3Pfeira®ns © hauf®ln dt'-iiilit; wir-d, so ίΙώ.1 (Si ^f t la-! »! g ^ liilaits Sefeayifel ggfäie ^ © a € .m * Haibielßgkaie © r 5 -aufgQnomraen will. 9i © i © hs © i'ö £ gs @ hi @bt see from d @ f laltelagtemBiftP 4 © in nosb, unb @ arb®ife © fe @ 2 · Äbselmifefe d

Elaktrod «becomes ά% & Sehi®b @ y 1? la Riehiaag aiai di® Mab © 9 in ein® nebüii · Μν nmi g © f © rmfe @ n Sehaufel 6 g @ toilä @ t ^ recess elng @ s ^ hofc * 3n. B @ r S-afeiebas »17 protects the © mm g © f 6 xäiid V83? Hlnd3Ft _{s the} clei? El @ kti * olyfc ia ami IxmBwr & xim der

maRt ^ lyag 2 gelsres-ta can «B®r Sehieteep 18 remains close wi @ before herätisgesogesi, since di @ uBSEaafeelung on öiesar since © may the not processed» section äes Läuferraöeg is sealed ". This stage this Eljsiea» ens la i @ p drawing is shown * Ber 'yorfei-ußfepisesae "forgasg isie € © i? li © lfe © iefe imm se <&<buj&« »until the last shovel is formed rope. When unscrewing the di®s®f? Shovel corresponding as yet unworked section from the half-ring capaier · 4, the previously formed segment 6 is visible on the land of the half-ring known 4 adjacent to the recess 5. The "Selii @ over 118" is inserted into the next "d" r shovel 6 so that this shovel is also solidified during the formation of the · lets ^ iia shovel.

009826 / C846

During the Elysierens is through the supply lines 20 and and through the bores 19 alternating steam and oil pressed into the interior of the casing 2. Here will be all parts of the LM wheel shielded by the casing Cleansed of adhering electrolytes and passivated by the oil. The electrolyte flushed away by the condensed vapor and excess oil will be on the edges of the casing pushed out of this. Be outside the Elysian room oil and electrolyte again separated from one another, whereupon both he = be fed again. The elysed paddle wheel does not show any even when sodium chloride is used as the electrolyte Corrosive phenomena.

009826/0846

Claims (1)

Claim® 1. Yerfahrsn for! llyai © r @ n ^ on metallic materials * aiit HiIf ¹ S «iin ^ r" on Einern ll'äktrolyttn dur-shströmmt ^ n W ^ rkzfag- # I @ ktr © dfi, dadureh marked ₄ dal Ir ₃ w®s @ ot; j, l? 5t @ n nwi * dis it @ Ii # ri des W'trkst-flskes, dit of d ^ r HsktoFd ^ fcgarb ^ i tefc wsrä ^ n, the El- ^ kfcroiyt- ^ n ^ © 11 are exposed to, whereas the rest of the workstations, especially b ? .. '"" method according to claim 1, in which the workpiece is machined by repeatedly placing the electrode at Terschisdensn Position first course; Before the electrode is attached, it is released by the shielding and the area to be processed in the w@sentu.i-.ihen is shielded at the same time. 009826/0848 5.? Learned about claim 1 or 2, thereby gaksnnzsiahnet, ύ & Β the shielded points, preferably by spraying Wagaardampf, from possibly adhering electrolytes are cleared. 4. T <8Ffahren na @ h @ in © m d @ r preceding claims, dadursh l @ hn @ t that di @ shielded places, preferably Spray on your passivating agent with a Protective film to be coated. 5 »¥ © rfahr @ n according to claims 3 and 4, dadurah characterized, that the cleaning and passivation takes place alternately. 6. Y ^ rfahren naeh claim 4 or 5, characterized in that that a passivation that cannot be mixed with the electrolyte medium, especially oil, is used. 7. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that that the passivating agent is separated from the electrode before the electrolyte is returned to the electrode. 8. Apparatus for performing the method nash one of the preceding claims, in particular for the elysis of turbine blades or turbine blade wheels, characterized by a sheathing cut out of the work piece (1) at the point (13) to be machined by the electrode Ϊ2) for the workpiece. 009826/0846 a 11 918/19 41 12 ) from @ Iül £ t <Pis <sfe sfctht- and with d <§m Werks t-üsk fi) 'ilektfiseh conductive is, t _s dal 10. Y "" Ä «11« üiiraaEtelisjGg i?) ^ It of-ü ©]; and on wi © a & gesehiriitöen 'W © i-icg5S @ k% ®iie ger Has ElnspE * itsöffnungen (19). 11, Tor ^ lshfeung na @ h eineai ümv Äaspröeh® 8 Ms ü'3, kennss @ i © hnet ₉ tiai the Ununfeelung (2) is formed, 12,? Or's »i: 9htung na @ h Einern der Anspüeh © 8 Ms 11» (2} ia laswg on Ämi di-t ^ s ^ a coating (2) in are rotatably arranged « P 13. ¥ oF? I'alitiiiig iiaöiä; * in @ iä U ¹ M * Äri ^ prilehö B Mg ISj, thereby g® indicates, clai di © tlsiiiaateiung (S) Asm WeFksttlök (I) ₁ , turned Ausn-shmisng (5) ^^ ', im w © seirsliö! i © n d if further 'open JS 14. Torriehtung according to claim 13 »characterized in that at the edge (15, 16) facing the tool electrode Recess (5) of the casing (2) resting against it, movable sealing element "{17,18} are provided for engagement in Y" recesses in the workpiece (1). 15. Torriehtung according to claim 14, characterized in that the heating elements (17, 18) made of anodic Feestehsn material, especially made of precious metals. 009826/0846 Blank page